EP2940227B1 - Composant plat, élément d'armature de cisaillement et composant en béton précontraint / en béton armé doté d'une armature de cisaillement fabriquée à partir de tels éléments d'armature de cisaillement - Google Patents
Composant plat, élément d'armature de cisaillement et composant en béton précontraint / en béton armé doté d'une armature de cisaillement fabriquée à partir de tels éléments d'armature de cisaillement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2940227B1 EP2940227B1 EP14166745.1A EP14166745A EP2940227B1 EP 2940227 B1 EP2940227 B1 EP 2940227B1 EP 14166745 A EP14166745 A EP 14166745A EP 2940227 B1 EP2940227 B1 EP 2940227B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bracket
- component
- flat
- recess
- reinforcement
- Prior art date
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims description 149
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 76
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000414 obstructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001442234 Cosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
- E04C5/0645—Shear reinforcements, e.g. shearheads for floor slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/166—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in different directions
Definitions
- the WO2004 / 081313A1 describes a reinforcement element, designed as a flat body with holding means for at least partially gripping a reinforcing bar of a lower and upper reinforcement layer of a steel or prestressed concrete part.
- the reinforcement element connects the lower and upper reinforcement layers with one another in a non-positive manner and significantly increases the shear load capacity of the steel or prestressed concrete part.
- the DE102009056826A1 describes a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component with at least one upper and at least one lower longitudinal reinforcement layer and a transverse force reinforcement that can absorb large shear forces and transverse forces and can be manufactured inexpensively as an in-situ concrete part and also as a semi-finished part.
- the transverse force reinforcement is formed from at least 20 L-shaped sheet metal parts 20 made of structural steel, each with one or two brackets 30, which are fastened with their bracket arches 34 in a straight longitudinal recess 22 of the associated sheet metal part 30 designed as a horizontal elongated hole and its dimensions are guided over the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo and the lowermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu.
- the horizontal longitudinal recess 22 has a feed area Z with an opening 28 suitable for introducing a bow 34 on a side edge of the L-shaped sheet metal part 20. Furthermore, the straight longitudinal recess 22 has a fastening region BF in which the bow arches 34 are fixed by one or two brackets 30. Both the feed area Z and the fastening area BF run horizontally and flow smoothly into one another.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of such a known transverse force reinforcement element Q, consisting of an L-shaped sheet metal part 20 and a bracket 30.
- the transverse force reinforcement element Q is shown in the installed state, in which it is with the lower and the upper longitudinal reinforcement of a reinforced concrete / Prestressed concrete component is connected.
- the L-shaped sheet metal part 20 is connected to the lower longitudinal reinforcement, consisting of the longitudinal reinforcement layers Bu, Buu, while the bracket 30 installed in the horizontal longitudinal recess 22 establishes the connection with the upper longitudinal reinforcement, consisting of the longitudinal reinforcement layers Bo, Boo.
- a metal clip part 24 is provided which, after the bracket 30 has been installed, is pushed in the direction of the arrow onto a locking lug 27 formed by two rectangular recesses 25, 26 and engaged.
- connection of the L-shaped sheet metal part 20 to the lower longitudinal reinforcement is achieved by equipping the L-shaped sheet metal part 20 with a bevel 40 protruding from the plane of the drawing (forming the L-shape), which surrounds the lowermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu.
- two circular recesses 50 are arranged directly above the fold 40, through which two bars of the lowermost reinforcement layer Buu are passed.
- Reinforcement meshes are prefabricated components in which the bars of the two longitudinal reinforcement layers Boo and Bo are welded to form a grid, i.e. are already fixed. Compared to single reinforcing bars, they can be laid much faster and more precisely. Their use is an essential prerequisite for the efficient production of reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete construction elements.
- Fig. 1 In addition to the end position of the bracket 30, four other positions, labeled 1 to 4, are shown in dashed lines, which the bracket 30 assumes in chronological order during the retraction before it is finally brought into the end position 5 (with an angle of inclination ⁇ relative to the vertical) . In addition, the direction of movement of the bracket 30 is marked by a dashed arrow.
- a bracket 30 in its end position 5 in the straight longitudinal recess 22 of an L-shaped sheet metal part 20 proceeds as follows: First, the bow 34 of the bow 30 is lowered by the upper longitudinal reinforcement Boo, Bo, guided directly in front of the opening of the straight longitudinal recess 22 (position 1) and then subjected to a tensile force F Z , which is a tangential component F II pointing in the longitudinal direction of the straight longitudinal recess 22 owns. So that such a tangential component arises, the bracket 30, starting from the vertical, must be inclined by an angle ⁇ in the direction of the straight longitudinal recess 22 (positions 2, 3).
- the desired tangential component F II is small, while the undesired normal component F ⁇ is large, so that the operator has to apply a large tensile force F Z , which leads to his rapid fatigue.
- Fig. 1 illustrates yet another disadvantage of drawing in, which in practice has turned out to be the most serious:
- the stirrup legs of the stirrup 30 (these are the two stirrup sections that connect the two stirrup shoulders 32 to the stirrup arch 34) must be movable parallel to the bars of the uppermost reinforcement layer Boo over a very long horizontal free space R during the pulling in.
- Fig. 1 shows that this free space R must correspond to at least twice the width of the L-shaped sheet metal part 20 in order to ensure convenient and quick pulling in and thus a rational and economical workflow on the construction site.
- brackets 30 In their end position in the installed state, the brackets 30 should be directed in the direction of the tensile stresses occurring in the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component in order to absorb them. These tensile stresses are inclined relative to the vertical, their angle of inclination, which differs for the individual transverse force reinforcement elements Q, is usually not exactly known. In practice, therefore, as a good compromise, perpendicular or almost perpendicular brackets are used. Since these stirrups establish the connection between the L-shaped sheet metal parts 20 and the upper longitudinal reinforcement Bo, Boo on the (almost) shortest path, their stirrup length H B may only slightly exceed the minimum stirrup length h B , preferably by no more than 6% .
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate the described disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a transverse force reinforcement element comprising short stirrups secured in position.
- a flat component 21 according to claim 1 which has a feed area designed as a recess A, by a transverse force reinforcement element Q according to claim 10, by a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component according to claim 13 and its use according to claim 15 and by the Advantageous embodiments formulated in subclaims.
- the flat, preferably rectangular, component 21 forms the transverse force reinforcement element Q with at least one bracket 30 that can be connected to the flat component 21.
- the terms used below with regard to the orientation of the flat component 21 (e.g. lower section) relate to its Alignment after installation in a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- the flat component 21 is equipped in its lower section with at least one holding means for fastening to the lower longitudinal reinforcement of this reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- These holding means include sufficiently large recesses 50 for fastening the flat component 21 on bars of the lowest longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu as well as an optional fold 40 directly below the recess (s) 50.
- the optional fold 40 is designed at a right angle and is used for additional stabilization of the flat Component 21 in that it rests directly on the undersides of bars of the lowermost reinforcement layer Buu positioned in the recesses 50. Because of this additional stabilizing function, the execution of the flat component 21 with a bevel 40 is absolutely to be preferred.
- the flat components 21 have a fastening area BF designed as a recess, which is located in the vicinity of the center line M of the flat component 21 and is suitable for positioning the bow arches 34 of one or two brackets 30.
- the flat components also have a feed area designed as a recess A and connected to the fastening area BF, which allows a bow 34 to be fed to the fastening area BF in a large angular range, the feed angle ⁇ , measured starting from the horizontal, between at least 10 ° and 120 ° can be varied, making it easier to feed the bracket.
- the recess A can be narrowed so that it is the feed of a bow 34 allowed in a preferred angular range or at a preferred feed angle ⁇ .
- the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component has an upper and a lower longitudinal reinforcement, wherein the upper longitudinal reinforcement can be implemented both in the form of individual reinforcement bars and, in an advantageous embodiment, in the form of reinforcement mats, and is provided with a transverse force reinforcement, consisting of a suitable number of the inventive Shear force reinforcement elements Q made of flat components 21 are equipped with stirrups 30 attached to them, the dimensions of which are guided over the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo and the lowermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu. Practical tests and simulations have shown that such a transverse force reinforcement made up of preferably at least 20 transverse force reinforcement elements Q ensures the required load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- the object of the invention is achieved by specifying a method in which a bracket 30 is installed in a flat component 21 by pressing it in.
- the brackets 30 In their end position, the brackets 30 assume a small angle of inclination ⁇ , which is in the range ⁇ ⁇ 20 °, preferably ⁇ ⁇ 10 °.
- the small angle of inclination ⁇ is ensured by using short brackets 30, the bracket length H B of which exceeds the minimum bracket length h B by an amount 6%.
- Such brackets 30 assume an angle of inclination ⁇ ⁇ 20 ° in the end position.
- Part 1 of the solution Flat component 21 according to the invention, shear force reinforcement element Q and reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component equipped with it
- the flat component 21 is in its lower section with at least one holding means equipped for fastening to the lower longitudinal reinforcement of a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- These holding means include sufficiently large recesses 50 for fastening the flat component 21 on bars of the lowest longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu and an optional fold 40 directly below the recess (s) 50.
- the recesses 50 can lie completely inside the flat component 21, so that one per bar the lowermost reinforcement layer Buu can be passed through the recesses 50.
- the flat component 21 advantageously has two recesses 50 for positioning such rods which securely fix the flat component 21.
- the recesses 50 can also be designed to be open or semi-open to the side edges of the flat component 21.
- a bar of the lowermost reinforcement layer Buu can be inserted from the sides into a recess 50 of the flat component 21.
- the optional fold 40 is designed at a right angle and offers the possibility of additional stabilization of the flat component 21 in that it rests directly on the undersides of bars of the lowest reinforcement layer Buu positioned in the recesses 50.
- the fold 40 is advantageously provided with additional recesses (can be seen in Figure 2c below), which allow the passage of fastening wires with which the fold 40 is drawn to the bars of the lowest reinforcement layer Buu, so that the flat component 21 is fixed in a tilt-proof and immovable manner (so-called tying). Because of this additional stabilizing function, the execution of the flat component 21 with a bevel 40 is absolutely to be preferred.
- the flat component 21 has a fastening area BF designed as a recess, which is located in the vicinity of the center line M of the flat component 21 and is suitable for positioning the bow arches 34 of one or two brackets 30.
- the fastening area BF is designed in such a way that after the flat component 21 has been installed in a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component it has a defined distance from the upper longitudinal reinforcement.
- the fastening area BF is therefore preferably designed as a horizontal elongated hole.
- it can also be inclined slightly be designed or have an additional recess on its upper side (in the direction of the upper edge of the flat component 21) to accommodate the bow arches 34.
- the planar component 21 also has a feed area designed as a recess A and connected to the fastening area BF, which allows a bow 34 to be fed to the fastening area BF in a large angular range, the feed angle ⁇ , measured starting from the horizontal, between at least 10 ° and 120 ° can be varied.
- a recess A which allows this large angular range, extends over an area delimited by the upper section of a side edge and part of the upper edge of the flat component 21, in FIG Fig. 2a area marked by a dashed line.
- Fig. 2a shows that the feeding of a bow 34 can be extremely variable, e.g. B. at angles of 10 °, 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, 90 ° and 120 °, which is illustrated by the arrows labeled a to f in this order.
- the recess A is narrowed in such a way that it allows a bow 34 to be fed in only at a selected feed angle, which is likewise to be selected from the range 10 ° ⁇ ⁇ 120 °.
- the feed area formed by the recess A narrows to a feed channel S in the form of an obliquely upwardly directed elongated hole with an opening 29 to the outside, which is suitable for feeding a bow 34.
- a feed channel S forms an angled longitudinal recess 23 with the fastening area BF.
- the distance between the opening 29 and the upper longitudinal reinforcement is less than the distance between the fastening area BF and the upper longitudinal reinforcement. This feature is a decisive prerequisite for the use of short stirrups 30.
- the feed channel S is preferably designed in a straight line, but it can also be designed in an arc shape, the arc radius should correspond to the distance between the fastening area BF and the upper longitudinal reinforcement.
- the vertical positioning of the fastening area BF and the height of the flat component 21 result from the following considerations:
- the distance between the fastening area BF and the lower, preferably beveled, side of the flat component 21 must be so large that the fastening area BF remains freely accessible, when the flat component 21 is built into a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component designed as a semi-finished part, the lower part of which has already been cast with concrete. Since the grouting height in practice extends 4 cm to 6 cm above the lower longitudinal reinforcement, the fastening area BF should be at least 7 cm from the lower side of the flat component 21.
- the flat component 21 In order to ensure that the flat component 21 also has the necessary stability in the area of the angled longitudinal recess, at least one third of its area should be above the fastening area BF.
- the flat component 21, installed in a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component must have a sufficient distance from its upper longitudinal reinforcement, even with reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete components of small thickness (close to or equal to a minimum thickness of 18 cm).
- a flat component 21 with a height between 11 cm and 12 cm and a fastening area BF which is 7 cm to 8 cm away from the lower side of the flat component 21 achieves the object according to the invention.
- the flat component 21 and the bracket 30 must consist of a material with high tensile strength. Suitable materials that combine high tensile strength with easy machinability are structural steel and reinforcing steel, with structural steel being preferred for the flat components 21, while reinforcing steel is preferred for the stirrups 30.
- the flat component 21 should have a thickness of at least 1 mm when manufactured from structural steel, preferred thicknesses are 3 mm and 5 mm. Ribbed reinforcing steel with a nominal diameter of 6 mm is preferably used for the bracket 30. Other materials with high tensile strength can also be used, with the dimensions possibly having to be adapted by a person skilled in the art.
- Figure 2b shows the schematic representation of an advantageous embodiment of a flat component 21 according to the invention, which is equipped with an angled longitudinal recess 23. Since it is preferably made of structural steel and has an optional, but absolutely recommended, bevel 40 which gives it an L-shaped cross section, it is referred to below and in all exemplary embodiments as an L-shaped sheet metal part 21.
- One or two brackets 30 (in Figure 2b not shown) installable.
- the recess 25a is preferably rectangular.
- the shape of the recess 26a is largely freely selectable. It is preferably designed as a triangle that is just large enough that the clip plate part 24a can be installed. Thus, the load-bearing capacity of the L-shaped sheet metal part 21 is not impaired by the recess 26a.
- the angle of inclination ⁇ can be selected from the same range as ⁇ .
- T is the depth of the longitudinal recess 23 (starting from the side edge of the L-shaped sheet metal part).
- the depth T of the angled longitudinal recess 23 preferably extends by one bracket diameter beyond the center line M of the L-shaped sheet metal part 21, so that the fastening area BF lies exactly in the area of the center line M and the L-shaped sheet metal part 21 is thus evenly loaded.
- a smaller depth T can be selected.
- the length L BF of the fastening area BF is selected and the positions of the recesses 25a, 26a for fastening the clip plate parts 24a are arranged in such a way that one or two bracket arches 34 can be inserted into the fastening area BF and secured in position by snapping in a clip plate part 24a.
- the opening 29 of the angled longitudinal recess 23 is higher than the fastening area BF, which is ensured by the supply channel S running obliquely upwards from the fastening area BF to the opening 29.
- the difference in height HD between the opening 29 and the fastening area BF is given here by the projection L S sin ⁇ of the feed channel S onto the side edge of the L-shaped sheet metal part 21.
- a difference in height HD of 1 cm to 2 cm is sufficient for short Safe to install bracket.
- the height of the longitudinal recess 23 must be slightly larger than the nominal diameter of the bracket 30, ie the nominal diameter of the bar material used to manufacture the bracket 30 (preferably reinforcing steel).
- the bracket surface is preferably ribbed, which means that the outer diameter of the bracket 30 is greater than its nominal diameter.
- the free mobility of the bow 30 in the longitudinal recess 23 is guaranteed in any case if the height of the longitudinal recess 23 is one third greater than the nominal diameter of the bracket 30.
- the ribbed bracket surface is a stable connection with the surrounding area in the finished reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete element Concrete and thus increases the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- the angled longitudinal recess 23 can be modified in various ways:
- the feed channel S can also be designed to be curved. It is important that the height difference HD specified above is guaranteed even with an arcuate design of the feed channel.
- the fastening area BF can be inclined slightly upwards in the direction of the center line M in order to support the fixing of the bracket 30. A horizontal fastening area is preferred, since this has a defined distance from its upper longitudinal reinforcement after the L-shaped sheet metal part 21 has been installed in a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component. It is possible to provide the upper side of the fastening area BF with a recess which supports the fixing of the bow arches 34.
- the recess should have a small height of the order of 1 mm so that the distance to the upper longitudinal reinforcement is only slightly increased. If a slightly inclined fastening area BF is selected, it should likewise only increase along its length by a small amount, on the order of 1 mm, in the direction of the center line M.
- the minimum temple length h B is how Fig. 3 shows, given by the distance from the upper edge of the fastening area BF of the angled longitudinal recess 23 to the upper edge of the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo plus twice the nominal diameter of the bracket 30.
- the bracket shoulders have a lateral offset V with respect to the bracket arch (see Fig. 3 ) on.
- the bracket 30 with bracket lengths 1.00 ⁇ h B ⁇ H B ⁇ 1.06 ⁇ h B in the above table are short Stirrups
- the lateral offset V In order to be able to safely install the stirrups 30 even when using reinforcement mats as the upper longitudinal reinforcement of a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component, the lateral offset V must be less than half the bar spacing in the reinforcement mat. A common rod spacing is 15 cm.
- brackets 30 with a shorter bracket length (1.01 ⁇ h B ) including the minimum bracket length h B are also claimed, since such brackets will become practical in the future due to decreasing manufacturing tolerances.
- the saving of rod material should be mentioned as an advantageous side effect of using short brackets 30.
- transverse force reinforcement element Q is that it can be adapted to reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete components of different thicknesses by varying the stirrup length H B.
- Identical L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 can thus be used for reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete components of different thicknesses.
- Figure 2c shows in front view (top left), side view (top right) and plan view (bottom) a specific embodiment of the L-shaped sheet metal part 21 according to the invention, as it is intended for practical use.
- the reference numbers that consist of Figure 2b are directly transferable, have been omitted in order to be able to clearly show all dimensions and tolerances (always in millimeters). Only a latched metal clip part 24a is shown with reference numerals in order to clarify its function as a position securing device.
- the L-shaped sheet metal part 21 consists of structural steel with a thickness of 3 mm or 5 mm and is manufactured inexpensively as a free-falling stamped part. It has a height of 116 mm or 118 mm (resulting from the different thicknesses) and a width of 69 mm.
- the selected width results from the conditions of use of the L-shaped sheet metal parts in practice: Several L-shaped sheet metal parts are threaded onto bars of the lowest reinforcement layer Buu (by passing the bars through the recesses 50), so that a line element is created that acts as additional reinforcement between the Bars of an already existing lowest longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu is inserted into the base body (reinforcement arrangement before pouring with concrete) of a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- the bars of the existing longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu usually have a gap of 10 cm or 15 cm.
- a line element with L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 of the selected width of 69 mm can be conveniently placed in this gap in both cases, with the resulting overall arrangement of the bars of the lowest longitudinal reinforcement layer Buu having approximately equidistant bar gaps.
- the width of the L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 can be optimized taking into account the specific conditions of use.
- a height difference HD between the opening 29 and the fastening area BF of the angled longitudinal recess 23 of the L-shaped component 21 of 14 mm is realized.
- the bow arches 34 (not shown) of one or two brackets are 30 can be pressed into the fastening area BF.
- the angled longitudinal recess 23 has a height of 8 mm, so that the bracket 30, consisting of reinforcing steel with a nominal diameter of 6 mm, can move freely in the angled longitudinal recess 23.
- a base body for a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component is provided which is equipped with the required number of L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 according to the invention with angled longitudinal recess 23.
- the L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 are connected to the lower longitudinal reinforcement Buu, Bu in the manner described above.
- the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component can be implemented as a semi-finished part or as an in-situ concrete part. In the execution as a semi-finished part, the lower part of the base body is already cast with concrete at the factory, the casting height being selected so that the angled longitudinal recesses 23 for installing the bracket 30 and the recesses 25a, 26a for installing the clip plate parts 24a remain free. This is guaranteed in any case by a grouting height of 4 cm to 6 cm.
- the concrete is poured completely on the construction site.
- the upper longitudinal reinforcement consisting of the longitudinal reinforcement layers Boo and Bo, is already in place in both embodiments. Due to the equipment with the L-plates 21 according to the invention with angled longitudinal recesses 23, the upper longitudinal reinforcement can be designed as a reinforcement mat, in which the two longitudinal reinforcement layers Bo and Boo are welded together and thus the horizontal free space R available for installing the bracket 30 can no longer be changed.
- This design of the upper reinforcement as a reinforcement mat is absolutely to be preferred, as it can be laid much faster, more precisely and more cost-effectively compared to individual reinforcing bars.
- bracket legs of a prefabricated bracket 30 of length H B which is selected as described above, are lowered through the upper reinforcement by an operator so that the bracket arch 34 connecting the two bracket legs is positioned directly in front of the opening 29 of the angled longitudinal recess 23.
- the bracket 30 is preferably held at a small angle of inclination ⁇ with respect to the vertical ( ⁇ ⁇ 10 °) or even vertically during the lowering process.
- ⁇ the angle of inclination
- the bow 34 slides almost frictionlessly into the fastening area BF.
- the bracket shoulders 32 of the bracket 30 are then placed on two bars of the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo, the bracket 30 in this end position assuming an angle of inclination ⁇ caused by the bracket length H B.
- the upper part of the bracket 30 formed by the bracket shoulders 32 only needs to be in a very short horizontal free space R can be moved.
- a free space R which corresponds to the depth T of the angled longitudinal recess 23 is always sufficient for comfortable work.
- a free space R of length 8 mm ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ 12 mm is sufficient to pass the bracket 30 inclined by 45 ° through the upper longitudinal reinforcement.
- the available free space R is always significantly greater, since the distance between two reinforcing bars in commercially available reinforcement meshes is 10 cm or 15 cm as standard. It is thus always possible without any problems to press the bow arches 34 into the angled longitudinal recesses 23 of the L-shaped sheet metal parts 21.
- bracket 30 assumes a small angle of inclination ⁇ after its shoulders have been placed on two bars of the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo, so that the bracket shoulders 32 have a slight lateral offset V, preferably V ⁇ 5 cm .
- a free space of R ⁇ 5 cm is thus sufficient to bring the bracket 30 into its end position. This free space R is always given, starting from the vertical, in at least one of the two possible directions for laying down the bow shoulders 32.
- the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component is completed by pouring it with concrete.
- the bracket is then inclined to the left into its end position 3, whereby it assumes an angle of inclination ⁇ 14 °. It can be seen that a free space R of approximately 3 cm is sufficient to press in the stirrup 30 and place it with its stirrup shoulders 32 on two bars of the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo. When arranged in Fig. 3 it is also possible to put the bracket 30 to the right, because the necessary free space is also available. Likewise, two brackets 30 can be pressed in, one being deposited to the right and the other to the left.
- Three corresponding situations (I, II, III) are in Fig. 4 shown. In total, they are present in less than 30% of the L-shaped sheet metal parts 21.
- Brackets 30 of the minimum bracket length h B are used, which are perpendicular or almost perpendicular in the end position.
- the bracket 30 is pressed in as in FIG Fig. 4 illustrated. It is shown how to proceed with three different positions of the bar acting as an obstacle in the upper reinforcement layer Bo.
- a bar of the upper reinforcement layer Bo is located vertically above the opening 29 of the angled longitudinal recess 23.
- Fig. 4 shows that the bracket 30 of minimum bracket length h B , by being slightly inclined, can easily be moved past the obstructing rod (bracket position 1), its bracket bow 34 is pressed into the opening 29 of the angled longitudinal recess 23 and passed through the feed channel S (bracket position 2) and the bracket 30 can be brought into a vertical end position (bracket position 3). In this end position, the bow 34 is located in the fastening area BF of the angled longitudinal recess 23, while the bow shoulders 32 of the bracket 30 rest on two bars of the uppermost longitudinal reinforcement layer Boo.
- a bar of the upper reinforcement layer Bo is located vertically above the transition from the feed channel S to the fastening area BF of the angled longitudinal recess 23.
- ⁇ 17 °
- bracket 30 of minimum bracket length h B in an L-shaped sheet metal part 20 shows that the installation of a bracket 30 of minimum bracket length h B in an L-shaped sheet metal part 20 according to the prior art is not possible, since such a bracket 30 (typical nominal diameter 6 mm) with its bow 34 on the side edge of the L-shaped sheet metal part 20 and thus the opening 28 of the horizontally extending longitudinal recess 22 cannot be reached and cannot be introduced into it. It is imperative to use a longer bracket 30, which in its end position then has an undesirable, significantly greater inclination and cannot be installed when the upper longitudinal reinforcement Bo, Boo is implemented with reinforcement mats.
- a bar of the upper reinforcement layer Bo is located exactly vertically above the fastening area BF of the angled longitudinal recess 23.
- a transverse force reinforcement made of L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 with vertical or almost vertical stirrups 30 of minimum stirrup length h B is provided for a reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component.
- the L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 according to the invention with angled longitudinal recess 23 ensure a quick and energy-saving installation of the bracket 30 by pressing the bracket arches 34 into the angled longitudinal recess 23, whereby, due to the small free space R required for pressing in, a manual displacement of reinforcing bars is not is required.
- This means that the upper longitudinal reinforcement can be implemented using reinforcement mats, which, compared to individual reinforcement bars, can be laid quickly and inexpensively.
- the reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete component according to the invention with the transverse force reinforcement according to the invention made of L-shaped sheet metal parts 21 with vertical or almost vertical brackets 30 is particularly intended for use in the area of ceiling supports of flat ceilings. It increases the punching shear strength in the area of such slab props.
- the curves of the arches 34 are in Fig. 4 not shown due to a simplification of the drawing.
- the recess 25a is in the Figs. 2b - 4 shown inappropriately wide. It is expediently reduced to approximately half the width by shifting its edge adjacent to the side edge of the flat component 21 into the interior of the flat component 21.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
Claims (13)
- Composant plat (21) pour un élément d'armature de force transversale (Q), adapté pour recevoir un étrier (30), avec une partie inférieure adaptée pour être reliée à l'armature longitudinale inférieure d'un composant en béton armé/précontraint, avec une partie supérieure qui comprend une zone de fixation (BF) et une zone d'alimentation qui y est reliée, la zone d'alimentation étant conçue comme un évidement (A) qui présente un angle d'alimentation ζ, mesuré par rapport à une horizontale, d'au moins 10° à 120°, l'évidement (A) ayant une connexion avec un bord latéral et/ou le bord supérieur du composant plat (21), l'évidement (A) étant rétréci pour former un canal d'alimentation (S) sous la forme d'un évidement longitudinal dirigé obliquement vers le haut avec une ouverture (29) appropriée pour l'alimentation d'une feuille d'étrier (34), caractérisé en ce que le canal d'alimentation (S) comporte un cran de verrouillage (27a) formé par deux évidements (25a) et (26a) adaptés pour recevoir une feuille de clip (24a).
- Composant plat (21) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'angle d'alimentation ζ comprend une plage de 10° à 110°, de préférence de 10° à 80° et de 80° à 110°, particulièrement de préférence de 40° à 50°.
- Composant plat (21) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'alimentation (S) forme un évidement longitudinal coudé (23) du composant plat (21) par liaison avec la zone de fixation (BF), le canal d'alimentation (S) étant droit ou coudé.
- Composant plat (21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la zone de fixation (BF) présente un évidement en direction du bord supérieur du composant plat (21).
- Composant plat (21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que sa partie inférieure présente un coude à angle droit (40).
- Composant plat (21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'alimentation (S) présente un angle d'inclinaison γ choisi dans la plage d'au moins 10° à 120°.
- Composant plat (21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'alimentation (S) présente un angle d'inclinaison γ choisi dans la plage de 30° à 60°.
- Élément de renforcement de force transversale (Q) pour un élément de structure en béton armé/précontraint, comprenant un élément de structure plan (21) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et au moins un étrier (30) fixé à l'élément de structure plan (21).
- Élément de renforcement des forces transversales (Q) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que des étriers (30) sont utilisés dont la longueur d'étrier HB, par rapport à la longueur d'étrier minimale hB, satisfait la condition hB<HB≤1,06·hB, où les longueurs d'étrier HB=1,06·hB, HB=1,05·hB, HB=1,04·hB, HB=1,03·hB, HB=1,02·hB et HB=1,01·hB sont préférées.
- Élément de renforcement des forces transversales (Q) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des étriers (30) dont la longueur d'étrier HB est égale à la longueur d'étrier minimale hB.
- Élément de construction en béton armé/précontraint avec une armature longitudinale supérieure et inférieure, comprenant au moins un élément de renforcement de force transversale (Q) selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10 avec un élément de construction plat (21) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 et au moins un étrier (30) relié à l'élément de construction plat (21), dans lequel l'au moins un étrier (30) de l'élément de renforcement des forces transversales (Q) a une connexion avec l'armature longitudinale supérieure de l'élément en béton armé/précontraint et l'élément plat (21) a une connexion avec l'armature longitudinale inférieure de l'élément en béton armé/précontraint.
- Élément de construction en béton armé/précontraint selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'armature longitudinale supérieure est conçue comme un tapis de renforcement.
- Utilisation de l'élément de construction en béton armé/précontraint selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12 dans la région des supports de plafond des dalles plates.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL14166745T PL2940227T3 (pl) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Płaski element konstrukcyjny, element zbrojenia na siłę poprzeczną oraz element konstrukcyjny z żelazobetonu/betonu sprężonego ze zbrojeniem na siłę poprzeczną z takich elementów zbrojenia na siłę poprzeczną |
DK14166745.1T DK2940227T3 (da) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Flad komponent, tværkraftarmeringselement samt stålbeton-/ forspændbetonkomponent med en tværkraftarmering af sådanne tværkraftarmeringselementer |
ES14166745T ES2880283T3 (es) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Pieza constructiva plana, elemento de armadura de fuerza cortante, así como pieza constructiva de hormigón armado/ hormigón pretensado con una armadura de fuerza cortante compuesta por tales elementos de armadura de fuerza cortante |
EP14166745.1A EP2940227B1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Composant plat, élément d'armature de cisaillement et composant en béton précontraint / en béton armé doté d'une armature de cisaillement fabriquée à partir de tels éléments d'armature de cisaillement |
PCT/EP2015/059366 WO2015165982A1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | Pièce plate, élément d'armature d'effort tranchant et pièce en béton armé/béton précontraint comprenant une armature d'effort tranchant formée d'éléments d'armature d'effort tranchant de ce type |
JP2016565489A JP2017515019A (ja) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | 平面構成部材、せん断補強筋資材、ならびにせん断補強筋資材を材料にしたせん断補強筋を有する鉄筋コンクリート/プレストレストコンクリート構成部材 |
RU2016145051A RU2663982C2 (ru) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | Плоский компонент, элемент армирования на восприятие поперечных сил и компонент из железобетона/предварительно напряженного бетона с армированием на восприятие поперечных сил из таких элементов армирования на восприятие поперечных сил |
US15/307,829 US10119275B2 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-29 | Flat component, shear force reinforcing element, and reinforced concrete/prestressed concrete component with a shear force reinforcement of such shear force reinforcing elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14166745.1A EP2940227B1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Composant plat, élément d'armature de cisaillement et composant en béton précontraint / en béton armé doté d'une armature de cisaillement fabriquée à partir de tels éléments d'armature de cisaillement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2940227A1 EP2940227A1 (fr) | 2015-11-04 |
EP2940227B1 true EP2940227B1 (fr) | 2021-04-21 |
Family
ID=50639303
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14166745.1A Active EP2940227B1 (fr) | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | Composant plat, élément d'armature de cisaillement et composant en béton précontraint / en béton armé doté d'une armature de cisaillement fabriquée à partir de tels éléments d'armature de cisaillement |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10119275B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2940227B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2017515019A (fr) |
DK (1) | DK2940227T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2880283T3 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2940227T3 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2663982C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015165982A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
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DK2940227T3 (da) | 2014-04-30 | 2021-07-26 | Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen | Flad komponent, tværkraftarmeringselement samt stålbeton-/ forspændbetonkomponent med en tværkraftarmering af sådanne tværkraftarmeringselementer |
CN111485724A (zh) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-04 | 北京新兆建科技术有限公司 | 一种无粘结、缓粘结预应力筋剥皮器 |
CN114758104B (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-11-29 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | 一种适用于三维设计钢筋图的抗干涉散布筋自动标注方法 |
CN114808591B (zh) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-09 | 天津市巨福生网络科技有限公司 | 基于双面卡接便于安装的道路施工用预制板 |
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-
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- 2014-04-30 DK DK14166745.1T patent/DK2940227T3/da active
- 2014-04-30 EP EP14166745.1A patent/EP2940227B1/fr active Active
- 2014-04-30 ES ES14166745T patent/ES2880283T3/es active Active
- 2014-04-30 PL PL14166745T patent/PL2940227T3/pl unknown
-
2015
- 2015-04-29 WO PCT/EP2015/059366 patent/WO2015165982A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-04-29 RU RU2016145051A patent/RU2663982C2/ru active
- 2015-04-29 JP JP2016565489A patent/JP2017515019A/ja active Pending
- 2015-04-29 US US15/307,829 patent/US10119275B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK2940227T3 (da) | 2021-07-26 |
PL2940227T3 (pl) | 2021-11-02 |
US10119275B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
RU2016145051A (ru) | 2018-05-30 |
RU2663982C2 (ru) | 2018-08-14 |
EP2940227A1 (fr) | 2015-11-04 |
RU2016145051A3 (fr) | 2018-05-30 |
US20170204606A1 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
ES2880283T3 (es) | 2021-11-24 |
JP2017515019A (ja) | 2017-06-08 |
WO2015165982A1 (fr) | 2015-11-05 |
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