EP2914563A1 - Druckverfahren - Google Patents
DruckverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2914563A1 EP2914563A1 EP13788923.4A EP13788923A EP2914563A1 EP 2914563 A1 EP2914563 A1 EP 2914563A1 EP 13788923 A EP13788923 A EP 13788923A EP 2914563 A1 EP2914563 A1 EP 2914563A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- potassium
- iii
- ceramic
- hydrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- -1 organo-element compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 87
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 87
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 87
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 79
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- PBIMIGNDTBRRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro borate Chemical compound FOB(OF)OF PBIMIGNDTBRRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 19
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229960005235 piperonyl butoxide Drugs 0.000 description 13
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XUYJLQHKOGNDPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CP(O)(O)=O XUYJLQHKOGNDPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 5
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl carbitol 6-propylpiperonyl ether Chemical compound C1=C(CCC)C(COCCOCCOCCCC)=CC2=C1OCO2 FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VZSXFJPZOCRDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbanide;trioxorhenium Chemical compound [CH3-].O=[Re](=O)=O VZSXFJPZOCRDPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LNBHUCHAFZUEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+) Chemical compound [Eu+3] LNBHUCHAFZUEGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002044 hexane fraction Substances 0.000 description 4
- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium ion Chemical compound [Ti+4] LCKIEQZJEYYRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC(O)=O PQLVXDKIJBQVDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- WVMQHRSXNDKHPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium Chemical compound [Re].[Re] WVMQHRSXNDKHPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RMBAVIFYHOYIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium methanethiolate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C RMBAVIFYHOYIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-6-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEJUGLKDZJDVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-borabicyclo(3.3.1)nonane Chemical compound C1CCC2CCCC1B2 FEJUGLKDZJDVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTEQMZWBSYACLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LTEQMZWBSYACLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021585 Nickel(II) bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RFVVBBUVWAIIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium nitrate Chemical compound [Be+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O RFVVBBUVWAIIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;methylsulfanylmethane Chemical compound [B].CSC MCQRPQCQMGVWIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium nitrate Chemical compound [Cs+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NLSCHDZTHVNDCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQKKWWCELHKGKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O XQKKWWCELHKGKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium carbonate Substances [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide;tungsten Chemical group [W].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-].[O+]#[C-] FQNHWXHRAUXLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LGVUAXNPXVXCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M cesium;2,2-dimethylpropanoate Chemical compound [Cs+].CC(C)(C)C([O-])=O LGVUAXNPXVXCCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-FDGPNNRMSA-N copper;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Cu].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O ZKXWKVVCCTZOLD-FDGPNNRMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ORMNPSYMZOGSSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrooxymercury Chemical compound [Hg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ORMNPSYMZOGSSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSBGCHXLMBAKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxylatomethylamino)acetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CNCC([O-])=O YSBGCHXLMBAKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPFQTCRYSOTMDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;benzenethiolate Chemical compound [Li+].[S-]C1=CC=CC=C1 HPFQTCRYSOTMDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- AYEIJQRLYWJQHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylsulfanylmethane;trichloroborane Chemical compound CSC.ClB(Cl)Cl AYEIJQRLYWJQHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-] IPLJNQFXJUCRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- DTBNBXWJWCWCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoenolpyruvic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)OP(O)(O)=O DTBNBXWJWCWCIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([K])[Si](C)(C)C IUBQJLUDMLPAGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M potassium bitartrate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O KYKNRZGSIGMXFH-ZVGUSBNCSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogen phthalate Chemical compound [K+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O IWZKICVEHNUQTL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)[O-] OGHBATFHNDZKSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003281 rhenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N([Na])[Si](C)(C)C WRIKHQLVHPKCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRHMKIHPTBHXPF-TUJRSCDTSA-M sodium cholate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 NRHMKIHPTBHXPF-TUJRSCDTSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium nitrate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O DHEQXMRUPNDRPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- HKCRVXUAKWXBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(3+) Chemical compound [Tb+3] HKCRVXUAKWXBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4] SYRHIZPPCHMRIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OSJRPECIECUBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;hydrate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O OSJRPECIECUBOG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
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- GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(4+) ion Chemical compound [Zr+4] GBNDTYKAOXLLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SQSWYWCEKCVQEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-fluoro-5-formylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical group OB(O)C1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1F SQSWYWCEKCVQEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JULROCUWKLNBSN-IMJSIDKUSA-N (2r)-2-amino-3-[[(2r)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]diselanyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C[Se][Se]C[C@H](N)C(O)=O JULROCUWKLNBSN-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFIVJOSXJDORSP-QMMMGPOBSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-(4-boronophenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(B(O)O)C=C1 NFIVJOSXJDORSP-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFPFMAGBHTVLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-chlorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 CFPFMAGBHTVLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J lead(2+);tetraacetate Chemical compound [Pb+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ACKFDYCQCBEDNU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium methoxide Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C JILPJDVXYVTZDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium lactate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- PYLIDHFYDYRZSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-olate;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] PYLIDHFYDYRZSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- LKSVMAKMHXTSQX-UHFFFAOYSA-K samarium(3+);triacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sm+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O LKSVMAKMHXTSQX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- HDCOFJGRHQAIPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Sm+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HDCOFJGRHQAIPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFPVQGQJRGIWSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium(3+) Chemical compound [Sc+3] CFPVQGQJRGIWSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAUFOVXMMKWBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium(3+);triacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sc+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O WAUFOVXMMKWBAE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MABNMNVCOAICNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenophene Chemical compound C=1C=C[se]C=1 MABNMNVCOAICNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- IKEIGECHKXPQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon phthalocyanine dihydroxide Chemical compound N1=C(C2=CC=CC=C2C2=NC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N=3)N2[Si](O)(O)N2C4=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C2N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 IKEIGECHKXPQKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver acetate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC([O-])=O CQLFBEKRDQMJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UEJSSZHHYBHCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) sulfadiazinate Chemical compound [Ag+].C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-]C1=NC=CC=N1 UEJSSZHHYBHCEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XAYJXAUUXJTOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F XAYJXAUUXJTOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GPNIJXACCBKBEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F GPNIJXACCBKBEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC(O)C([O-])=O LMEWRZSPCQHBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CBBVZDBEHVFMHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;4-cyclohexylbutanoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)CCCC1CCCCC1 CBBVZDBEHVFMHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JUDUFOKGIZUSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Ag+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JUDUFOKGIZUSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;benzoate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CLDWGXZGFUNWKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HSYLTRBDKXZSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Ag+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F HSYLTRBDKXZSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;isocyanate Chemical compound [Ag+].[N-]=C=O DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSVHDIYWJVLAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;n,n-diethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Ag+].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S NSVHDIYWJVLAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940055237 sodium 1-naphthalenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- ZLVSYODPTJZFMK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 ZLVSYODPTJZFMK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940119126 sodium bitartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium butyrate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC([O-])=O MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940018038 sodium carbonate decahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940076133 sodium carbonate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011182 sodium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium cyanate Chemical compound [Na]OC#N ZVCDLGYNFYZZOK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019254 sodium formate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lactate Chemical class [Na+].CC(O)C([O-])=O NGSFWBMYFKHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011088 sodium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PRWXGRGLHYDWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium malonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O PRWXGRGLHYDWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229950005425 sodium myristyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BYKRNSHANADUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BYKRNSHANADUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940067741 sodium octyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical class [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DAEPDZWVDSPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium pyruvate Chemical class [Na+].CC(=O)C([O-])=O DAEPDZWVDSPTHF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019187 sodium-L-ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011755 sodium-L-ascorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUDPEKDPFGDOP-ODZAUARKSA-M sodium;(z)-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Na+].FC(F)(F)C(/[O-])=C/C(=O)C(F)(F)F AWUDPEKDPFGDOP-ODZAUARKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UYCAUPASBSROMS-AWQJXPNKSA-M sodium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][13C](=O)[13C](F)(F)F UYCAUPASBSROMS-AWQJXPNKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,2-dichloroacetate Chemical class [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)Cl LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CEAQLKGSEMCNNR-LRDWTYOMSA-M sodium;2,2-dideuterio-2-(1,1,2,2-tetradeuterio-2-hydroxyethoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[2H]C([2H])(O)C([2H])([2H])OC([2H])([2H])C([O-])=O CEAQLKGSEMCNNR-LRDWTYOMSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LLVQEXSQFBTIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3,4-trihydroxy-4-oxobutanoate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O LLVQEXSQFBTIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XMUHNMQFDVIWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(S)CS XMUHNMQFDVIWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HNFOAHXBHLWKNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-bromoethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCBr HNFOAHXBHLWKNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSEJMOGPHHVJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-chloroethanesulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCCl OSEJMOGPHHVJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYPDUQYOLCLEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O VYPDUQYOLCLEGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-ethylhexyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COS([O-])(=O)=O DGSDBJMBHCQYGN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-hydroxy-3-morpholin-4-ylpropane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN1CCOCC1 WSFQLUVWDKCYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AGDSCTQQXMDDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-iodoacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CI AGDSCTQQXMDDCV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TUZFIWBNGKNFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylpropane-2-thiolate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[S-] TUZFIWBNGKNFPW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MQGYVGKMCRDEAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-oxo-3-phenylpropanoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MQGYVGKMCRDEAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SUAMAHKUSIHRMR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-oxobutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(=O)C([O-])=O SUAMAHKUSIHRMR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MAPQBSXKBDVINV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(2-dicyclohexylphosphanylphenyl)-2,4-dimethoxybenzenesulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].COC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(OC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 MAPQBSXKBDVINV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SMDJDLCNOXJGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC(C)C(=O)C([O-])=O SMDJDLCNOXJGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JJZAWYXASMCCLB-LJJZSEGWSA-M sodium;3-methylbutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)C[13C]([O-])=O JJZAWYXASMCCLB-LJJZSEGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MUADFEZFSKAZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 MUADFEZFSKAZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GHMWZRWCBLXYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHMWZRWCBLXYBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-ethenylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 XFTALRAZSCGSKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IXFAZKRLPPMQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CC(=O)C([O-])=O IXFAZKRLPPMQEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KFZUDNZQQCWGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])=O)C=C1 KFZUDNZQQCWGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WUHWAOGAJFMIFU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfinate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])=O)C=C1 WUHWAOGAJFMIFU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZTRIBXMDBFDMQW-NWZHYJCUSA-M sodium;4-methylpentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)CC[13C]([O-])=O ZTRIBXMDBFDMQW-NWZHYJCUSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IWYSOVJPHUTFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;5-propan-2-ylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)[C-]1C=CC=C1 IWYSOVJPHUTFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHLCPTJLUJHDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CHLCPTJLUJHDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MZSDGDXXBZSFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XQCHMGAOAWZUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;butane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCS([O-])(=O)=O XQCHMGAOAWZUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IXBPPZBJIFNGJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;cyanoiminomethylideneazanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#C[N-]C#N IXBPPZBJIFNGJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIMUHNZKNFEZSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;decane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O AIMUHNZKNFEZSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QJDUDPQVDAASMV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethanethiolate Chemical compound [Na+].CC[S-] QJDUDPQVDAASMV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C=C BWYYYTVSBPRQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XWZCREJRXRKIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;heptane-1-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O XWZCREJRXRKIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNGBYKXZVCIZRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O PNGBYKXZVCIZRN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CLCGFJYKZGFGSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexane-1-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O CLCGFJYKZGFGSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZKODLPLYXXUCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydroxymethanesulfinate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].OCS([O-])=O ZKODLPLYXXUCHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LYPGDCWPTHTUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methanesulfinate Chemical compound [Na+].CS([O-])=O LYPGDCWPTHTUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KKVTYAVXTDIPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CS([O-])(=O)=O KKVTYAVXTDIPAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JFTZUZWJGUCSTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;methyl-oxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [Na+].CS([O-])(=O)=S JFTZUZWJGUCSTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WWGXHTXOZKVJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;n,n-diethylcarbamodithioate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S WWGXHTXOZKVJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QJXDSDLNUKLDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;n-formylmethanimidate Chemical compound [Na+].O=C[N-]C=O QJXDSDLNUKLDBP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YWPOLRBWRRKLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 YWPOLRBWRRKLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RUYRDULZOKULPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;nonane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O RUYRDULZOKULPK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HRQDCDQDOPSGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O HRQDCDQDOPSGBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O WFRKJMRGXGWHBM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VPWPWKBHCGJTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxaldehydate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=O VPWPWKBHCGJTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ROBLTDOHDSGGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pentane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O ROBLTDOHDSGGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FPQYXAFKHLSWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pentane-1-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O FPQYXAFKHLSWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAJGUMORHHJFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;phenoxide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 QAJGUMORHHJFNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QBQVXXQXZXDEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;propane-1-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CCCS([O-])(=O)=O QBQVXXQXZXDEHE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XVSFHIIADLZQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;propane-1-thiolate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC[S-] XVSFHIIADLZQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GZPDXHNILFWYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;propane-2-sulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].CC(C)S([O-])(=O)=O GZPDXHNILFWYEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NQHKCHWQDDWQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;propane-2-thiolate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)[S-] NQHKCHWQDDWQJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;tetradecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O UPUIQOIQVMNQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KQAGKTURZUKUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium oxalate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O KQAGKTURZUKUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WQTMVGGQTAPQJQ-ATMONBRVSA-L strontium;(z)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-oxohept-3-en-3-olate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC(C)(C)C(\[O-])=C\C(=O)C(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)C(\[O-])=C\C(=O)C(C)(C)C WQTMVGGQTAPQJQ-ATMONBRVSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UMBFGWVRZIHXCK-FDGPNNRMSA-L strontium;(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Sr+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O UMBFGWVRZIHXCK-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium;diacetate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O RXSHXLOMRZJCLB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OHULXNKDWPTSBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Sr+2].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] OHULXNKDWPTSBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UTCARTSNNKGRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Tb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UTCARTSNNKGRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PKLMYPSYVKAPOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetra(propan-2-yloxy)germane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ge](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C PKLMYPSYVKAPOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- YWCAPYLKURBDGO-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium 2-(3-hydroxy-5,7-disulfonato-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-oxoindole-5,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].Oc1c([nH]c2c(cc(cc12)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)C1=Nc2c(cc(cc2S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)C1=O YWCAPYLKURBDGO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PKIDNTKRVKSLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PKIDNTKRVKSLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydroxy-[[phosphonatomethyl(phosphonomethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)([O-])=O)CP([O-])([O-])=O SOBHUZYZLFQYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- GAAKLDANOSASAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-10-enoic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C GAAKLDANOSASAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PHWPQNTXTCAARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K ytterbium(3+);triacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Yb+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PHWPQNTXTCAARQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XIOPWXFTXDPBEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium(3+);trinitrate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Yb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XIOPWXFTXDPBEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUWHRRAPBUAYTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Y+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JUWHRRAPBUAYTA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WJUZDKUDCZNBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);tricarbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WJUZDKUDCZNBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- OUWKZEXFOTWFDX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc 2-hydroxy-2-oxoacetate hydroxide Chemical compound O.C(C(=O)[O-])(=O)[O-].[Zn+2] OUWKZEXFOTWFDX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical class [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013904 zinc acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RKQOSDAEEGPRER-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc diethyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S.CCN(CC)C([S-])=S RKQOSDAEEGPRER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZMLPZCGHASSGEA-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZMLPZCGHASSGEA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CITILBVTAYEWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate Substances [Zn+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F CITILBVTAYEWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940118257 zinc undecylenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VUNLDTPRUICHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F VUNLDTPRUICHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JCOXFVWERPVZPB-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;4-methylbenzenesulfonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Zn+2].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1.CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JCOXFVWERPVZPB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JXNCWJJAQLTWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;methanolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C.[O-]C JXNCWJJAQLTWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HANCUBNDHABGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;oxolane;dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2].C1CCOC1 HANCUBNDHABGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/01—Tools for processing; Objects used during processing
- H05K2203/0104—Tools for processing; Objects used during processing for patterning or coating
- H05K2203/013—Inkjet printing, e.g. for printing insulating material or resist
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
- H05K2203/1126—Firing, i.e. heating a powder or paste above the melting temperature of at least one of its constituents
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers
- H05K3/0014—Shaping of the substrate, e.g. by moulding
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/46—Manufacturing multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4644—Manufacturing multilayer circuits by building the multilayer layer by layer, i.e. build-up multilayer circuits
- H05K3/4664—Adding a circuit layer by thick film methods, e.g. printing techniques or by other techniques for making conductive patterns by using pastes, inks or powders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a ceramic green body, a method for producing a ceramic shaped body and the green body and the ceramic shaped body itself.
- Rapid prototyping refers to the rapid production of prototypes and refers to a technology that has been suitable for generative manufacturing processes since the early 1990s through continuous development with powerful, computer-aided control technology.
- Rapid Prototyping is subordinated to terms such as "Rapid Tooling” and "Rapid Manufacturing”. This is a further development of the actual process, which describes specific fields of application and application.
- rapid prototyping generally refers to technology, while rapid tooling refers to generative toolmaking as an area of application, while the term rapid manufacturing stands for generative mass production.
- Ceramic materials still have the fundamental problem that their potential is not well known to engineers and designers. Therefore, the use of very fast, computer-assisted prototyping processes is of particular importance for this group of materials.
- DE 10 2006 029 298 A1 describes a material system for 3D printing, wherein the method described can also lead to a ceramic molded body.
- DE 20 2005 020 596 IM describes a powder for rapid prototyping, wherein a ceramic molding is produced by laser sintering.
- DE 10 2005 058 1 18 A1 describes a method for producing ceramic components, wherein the ceramic components are formed by laser sintering.
- DE 10 2006 015 014 A1 describes a method and a device of three-dimensional ceramic shaped bodies, wherein a suspension of ceramic particles is printed with an inkjet printer.
- DE 10 2005 058 121 A1 describes a method for producing ceramic components "wherein the green compact may be cured locally with a laser.
- EP 0431924 A2 describes a method "for the binder to ceramic mikpulver be applied.
- the ceramic material which constitutes the later ceramic shaped body
- the ceramic material is printed in a suspension.
- This requires a high solids concentration in the suspension to be printed, causing the pressure nozzles to become blocked.
- the properties of the resulting ceramic shaped body can not be varied over the spatial extent of the ceramic shaped body.
- additional particles to the ceramic powder.
- this has hitherto been done, for example, by coating the ceramic articles and then printing them for the production of the green body.
- the ceramic molded body properties can be imparted that can not be produced by the ceramic powder originally used.
- these properties can not be generated so that they are different pronounced at different points of the molding.
- an elaborate coating method of the ceramic particles is necessary so far.
- This object of the invention is achieved in a first embodiment by a method for producing a green body, in which a) a layer containing a ceramic, glass ceramic or glass powder forms on a substrate, b) at least one solidification composition to the previously said layer applied to at least a portion thereof containing at least 0.01 to 99.98% by weight of at least one dissolved or liquid organo-element compound having at least one atom other than C, Si, H, O or N, and this atom is bound to at least one organic radical,
- Dispersant in the context of the invention is the liquid phase of the dispersion, for example, in the case that the solidification composition is a colloid.
- the advantage of the process according to the invention is that the print heads of the printers used can no longer become blocked by the previously used nanoparticles and a substantially more homogeneous color image of the product can be achieved.
- the organoelement compound is converted, for example, to inorganic metallic or non-metallic compounds.
- spatially resolved properties such as color, strength, hardness, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, magnetic properties, piezoelectric properties, inductive properties, capacitive properties or optical properties.
- the layer in a) may preferably also contain binders.
- the solidification composition may also contain from 0.1 to 99.9% by weight of dispersant as solvent.
- the dispersant can therefore also be selected from the proposed solvents.
- step c) d it may be preferable to at least partially or completely remove any dispersant or solvent to form a green body.
- the solidification composition may also contain from 0.1 to 99% by weight of a colloidal dispersion having an average diameter of the dispersed phases in a range of less than 5 nm and, moreover, dispersant.
- the dispersant may be identical to the solvent.
- the dispersant or solvent is preferably selected from the group consisting of alcohols, glycolysis, ethers, glycol ethers, acetates, ethanol, dimethylformamide, toluene, methanol, chlorobenzene, diethylformamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, water, hydrogen peroxide, methylamine, sodium hydroxide solution, N-methylpolidone ether, Acetonitrile, methyl cyanide, ethanenitrile, acetonitrile, acetic acid nitrile, ethanonitrile, cyanomethane, benzyl chloride, triethylamine, ethylene glycol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), tetramethylene oxide, 1, 4-epoxybutane, oxacyclopentane, oxolane, acetophenone, anisole, benzyl alcohol, butyl acetate, cyclohexanol , 1, 4-dioxane
- the organo-element compound may preferably be an organometallic compound.
- the organometallic compound has at least one metal atom which is selected from the following elements: Al, B, Be, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cr, Cu, K, Fe, Ga, Ge, In, Li, Mg Mn, Mo, Na, Sn, Sr, Ta, Ti, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Rb, Sr, Nb, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, Re, Os, Ir, Au, TI, Pb, Po, W, Y, Pt, and / or Zr.
- the organometallic compound has Fe, Pt, Zr or Y.
- it may be a complex organometallic compound.
- the complexing agents may be selected from the group carbonyl, alkyl, alkylidene, alkylidene or combinations thereof.
- the organometallic compound may preferably be an organic salt whose anion is derived from organic acids.
- These may preferably include the salts of the carboxylic acids, such as acetates, palmitates and citrates, the salts of organic sulfates, such as lauryl sulfates, the salts of oxalic acid (oxalates), salts of tartaric acid, salts of lactic acid, salts of Gluconates (gluconates), salts of fumaric acid (fumarates) or the salts of alcohols (alcoholates) » such as ethanolates.
- amines the organic derivatives (derivatives) of ammonia (NH3), can be used.
- the solidification composition preferably compounds in which an organic group or an organic compound is bonded directly to a metal atom are in solution.
- the solidification composition is preferably liquid.
- the solidification composition preferably contains no solids.
- the solidification composition is preferably a solution of a solvent and dissolved components therein. This will ensure that the printhead does not become clogged.
- the organometallic compound is selected so that after a thermal treatment above 400 ° C, preferably above 1000 ° C, the organic components are converted into the gas phase and the metal ions - depending on the particular atmosphere - to metal oxides, carbides, nitrides or Carbonitrides react.
- the organometallic compound preferably has 1 to 3 metal atoms and 1 to 3 ligands or organic radicals.
- the ligands or organic radicals in turn preferably each independently have 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the organometallic compound has only one metal atom.
- the organometallic compound is preferably liquid or soluble at 20 ° C and 1 bar.
- the organometallic compound is preferably soluble in water without decomposing within 2 hours.
- the organometallic compound according to the invention may also comprise one or more organometallic compounds. It may therefore preferably also be a mixture of several organometallic compounds. In particular, the organometallic compound is therefore selected from one or more of the following compounds (ordered by metals). Any combinations of the following substances and components which are plausible to the person skilled in the art are disclosed herein:
- butoxyaluminum hydride solution in tetrahydrofuran, hexane
- lithium diisopropylamide solution in THF / heptane / ethylbenzene
- lithium diisopropylamide mono THF Kompex solution in cyclohexane
- lithium (dimethylamino) trihydroborate solution in THF
- lithium diphenylphosphide solution in THF
- Lithium 2-thienyl cyanocuprate solution in THF
- lithium thiophenolate solution thiophenol lithium salt in THF
- lithium p-toluenesulfinate lithium tetr-butoxyaluminum deuteride
- lithium trifluoroacetate lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate
- lithium triisobutyl- (2,2, 6,6-tetramethylpiperdino) -aluminate solution in THF
- lithium trimethylsilanolate in methylene chloride
- lithium (trimethylsilyl) -acetylide solution in THF
- potassium butylaminomethyl trifluoroborate potassium 4-tetr-butylphenyl trifluoroborate, potassium butyl trifluoroborate, potassium carbonates, potassium carbonate-sodium carbonate mixture, potassium 3-carboxyphenyl trifluoroborate, potassium 4-carboxyphenyl trifluoroborate, potassium 4 -chlorophenyl trifluoroborate, potassium 2-chloropyridine-3-trifluoroborate, potassium 5-chloropyridine din-3-trifluoroborate, potassium 6-chloropyridine-3-trifluoroborate, potassium N-chloro-p-toluoisulfonamide, potassium citrate tribasic tribasic Monohydrate, potassium cyanate, potassium 4-cyclohexyl butyrate, potassium cyclopenty trifluoroborate, potassium cyclopropyl trifluoroborate, quinium 2- (3,5-di-tetr-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene
- Potassium triethylborohydride solution potassium trifluoroacetate, potassium 2- (trifluoromethyl) -phenyltrifluoroborate, potassium 4- (trifluoromethyl) -phenyitrifluoroborate, potassium trimethylsilanolate, potassium trioxalatochrome (III) trihydrate, potassium triphenylborohydride solution (inTHF), potassium vinyltrifluorobo - advice
- titanium (III) chloride tetrahydrofuran complex titanium (IV) chloride tetrahydrofuran complex, titanium diisopropoxide bis (acetylacetonate), titanium (IV) ethoxide, titanium (IV) 2-ethylhexyl oxide, titanium ( IV) isopropoxide, titanium (IV) methoxide, titanium (IV) oxide acetylacetonate (TiO (acac), titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride, titanium (IV) propoxide, titanium (IV) - (triethanolaminato) - isopropoxide solution, titanyl phthalocyanine, zirconium (Zr): zirconium acetate solution (in acetic acid), zirconium (IV) acetylacetonate, zirconium acrylate, zirconium (IV) bis (diethylcitrato) - dipropoxide, zirconium bromororbornane
- Chromium (Cr) Chromium (II) acetate monohydrate, chromium (lll) acetate, chromium (III) - acethylacetonat (Cr (acac) 3), chromium (III) chloride-THF complex, chromone "chromone-3 -carboxylic acid, chromotropic (dyes)
- Rhenium methylrhenium trioxide (MTO), rhenium complexes.
- Co Cobalt (Co): cobalt (II) acetate, cobalt (II) acetylacetonate, cobalt (NI) acetylacetonate, cobalt (II) benzoylacetonate, cobalt (II) carbonate hydrate, cobalt carbonyl, cobalt (II) cyanide dihydrate , Cobalt (II) 2-ethylhexanoate solution (in mineral spirits), cobalt (II) -
- Platinum (Pt) platinum (II) acetylacetonate, platinum (II) - platinum octaethyl porphyrin, chloroplatinic acid
- Zinc (Zn) zinc acetates, zinc acethylacetonate hydrate, zinc acrylate, zinc 70-Zn-L-aspartate, zinc bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate), zinc chloride tetrahydrofuran Complex, interest rate tribasic dihydrate, zinc di-bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, zinc 3,5-di-tetr-butyl salicylate, zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate, zinc 70-Zn-glyconate, zinc 1,2 , 3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23 ) 24,25-hexadecafluoro-29H, 31H-phtalocianine, zinc hexafluoroacetylacetonate dihydrate, zinc methacrylate, zinc methoxide, zinc naphthenate, zinc -1,
- Boron (B) organoboranes, organoboronic acids and organoboronic esters
- Triethyl phosphonocrotonate (12-phosphonododecyl) phosphonic acid, phosphonoacetic acid, phosphonoacetic acid P, P-bis (2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) methyl ester, phosphonoacetic acid P, P-dimethyl-tetr-butyl ester, phosphonoacetic acid P, P- dimethyl ethyl ester, phosphonoacetic acid triethyl ester, phosphonoacetic acid trimethyl ester, 16-phosphonohexadecanoic acid, 6-phosphonohexanoic acid, N-
- Arsenic (As) Arsenobetaine Antimony (Sb): Antimony acid tripropyl ester
- methylrhenium trioxide MTO
- Rhenium complexes with both single metal centers and metal clusters are preferred.
- rhenium-rhenium multiple bonds can also exist in the form of triple or quadruple bonds.
- a quadruple bond exists in the Re2X82 complex ion (where X is a halogen atom or a methyl group).
- binder and ceramic powder can be matched to one another.
- the binder must ensure that the powder particles "stick together" with each other and that the green compact is given sufficient strength.
- the solidification composition which is applied by means of a pushbutton, for example, it must not run, but must accurately depict the contour.
- the proportion of organic additives should preferably be so low that no separate debinding process is necessary, the aim being to sinter the "printed" green compact immediately after removal from the powder bed can.
- the solidification composition preferably contains dissolved binders, in particular selected from the group consisting of dextrin, maltodextrin, starch derivatives, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, sugars, sugar derivatives or any combination of the aforementioned substances.
- binders in particular selected from the group consisting of dextrin, maltodextrin, starch derivatives, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, sugars, sugar derivatives or any combination of the aforementioned substances.
- An essential goal is that the manufactured prototypes exhibit material shafts as they are to be expected in series production. This includes in particular the density. In order to achieve a compaction, it is possible to infiltrate the green body in a further step and to achieve a closed surface in this way.
- Ceramic components produced by 3D printing have a reproducibility of ⁇ 10 pm. In this order of magnitude is also the procedural formation of steps on curved surfaces.
- the invention aims to selectively place dispersions containing organoelement compounds or colloids on a microscopically level in a component produced from a powder in such a way that a ceramic structure is produced after sintering, that in precisely defined areas different properties with respect to chemical composition, phase inventory and / or grain size. This makes it possible to give a ceramic component adapted to the respective load case structure with local differences in characteristics.
- the dispersant selected is water or an organic dispersant or a mixture thereof.
- the proportion of water in the dispersant is at least 50% by weight. This will avoid too much organic residue and lead to carbon contamination during sintering.
- alcohols, ketones or polyethers are used as the organic dispersant.
- a layer thickness of the ceramic powder and optionally of the binder in a range of from 10 to 300 .mu.m, in particular from 50 to 120 .mu.m. If you chose a smaller layer thickness, the process would slow down excessively. If you choose the layer thickness on the other hand too large above the areas, the imaging accuracy decreases significantly. In addition, the surface roughness would increase through the formation of staircase effects.
- a powder of oxide, silicide, nitride and / or carbide of the elements Al, B, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cr, Cu, K, Fe, Ga, Ge, In, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na is preferably used » Si, Sn, Sr, Ta, Ti, W, Y and / or Zr or mixtures thereof.
- Very particular preference is given to using as powder aluminum oxide, silicon oxide or a mixed oxide, in particular silicates such as feldspars, of these oxides.
- Equally according to the invention are also mixed oxides of the abovementioned oxides, as well as mixed nitrides, mixed carbides, carbonitrides, oxynitrides or oxicarbides of the aforementioned elements.
- the ceramic powder preferably has a particle size in the range from 0.1 to 500 ⁇ m, in particular in a range from 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the ceramic powder is preferably used in an amount of 85 to 100 wt .-%. As a result, the content of ceramic material is sufficient high to still have enough room for example for any existing binder.
- the binders are advantageously selected from saccharides, gum arabic, resin, cellulose, wax, casein, epoxy resin, polyurethane or mixtures thereof.
- the binder is selected from the group starch » sugar and / or dextrin. It has been found that on the one hand these binders have a high compatibility with ceramic materials and on the other hand they produce the least undesirable ceramic contamination in the resulting shaped bodies.
- the binder is preferably used in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight. Below 1% by weight, it loses its effect. Above 15% by weight, unwanted organic contamination in the green body or in the molded body occurs too much.
- the binder has, for example, a particle size in the range of 0.1 to 500 .mu.m, in particular in a range of 5 to 30 pm.
- the layer dimension of the first layer is preferably chosen such that it has the maximum extent of the resulting green body.
- the pad according to the invention is not associated with the green body for the first layer and the respective previous layer for the following layers.
- the base on which the first layer is formed is preferably selected from plastic and / or metal.
- the layer is formed for example by applying the powder to the substrate or the previously formed layer and then leveling the applied powder by, for example, with a straight object in a desired layer thickness corresponding distance from the previous layer or pad on the applied powder is driven and so excess powder is removed.
- the solidification composition is advantageously used with a
- Printhead of an inkjet printer a microdispenser, a microdispenser, a piezo print head or a freely programmable dosing system applied.
- a microdispenser a microdispenser, a piezo print head or a freely programmable dosing system applied.
- additives such as surfactants, dispersants, pH adjusters, emulsifiers, stabilizers, defoamers, preservatives, drying retardants, additives for controlling the rheology, wetting agents, antioxidants, UV absorbers, light stabilizers or a combination thereof may be included ,
- these additives are contained in an amount in a range of 0.05 to 2% by weight.
- the viscosity of the solidification composition is at most 105 mPas.s, preferably at most 50 mPas at 20 ° C. and 1 bar.
- the viscosity is particularly preferably in a range from 1 to 100 mPas.s, preferably from 5 to 50 mPas at 20 ° C. and 1 bar.
- the viscosity can be measured with a Brookfield CAP 1000+ viscometer with the CAP-S-01 spindle at a speed of 750 rpm.
- the surface tension of the solidification composition is in a range of 20 to 70 mN / m, preferably 30 to 40 mN / m at 20 ° C and 1 bar.
- the surface tension can be determined according to DIN 55660-3: 2011-12.
- the steps a) and b) are preferably repeated at least 50 times, in particular at least 100 times, so that the staircase effects inherent in these methods are minimized as far as possible on the surface.
- the period of removal of the dispersant may be, for example, in a range of 8 to 48 hours.
- the temperature is, for example, in a range of 15 to 150 ° C, in particular in a range of 30 to 80 ° C.
- the atmosphere in which the removal of the dispersant takes place is, for example, air.
- a flow of the atmosphere may be induced by a fan, by applying a vacuum, or by convection.
- a hydrate shell or other compounds forms with the dispersant, so that the dispersant is difficult to remove completely.
- the removal of the dispersant is preferably considered to be complete if, at the end of the drying, no further removal of dispersant can be observed, ie the weight remains substantially constant.
- the unbound ceramic powder is removed, for example, by shaking or blowing.
- a nozzle orifice is selected in a range of 10 to 100 ⁇ m and independently a drop size in a range of 5 to 100 ⁇ m. Due to the drop size according to the invention, the surface of the ceramic powder can be wetted particularly uniformly.
- the further consolidation composition is mixed with the first consolidation composition just prior to application.
- this can be done in a printhead of an inkjet printer.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for creating an SD microstructure of a ceramic molded body which can be made very flexible.
- the ceramic moldings can be provided with a variety of properties spatially resolved. This is possible because any concentrations of different materials can be positioned very accurately in the ceramic molding. Different element distributions can be placed in this way.
- these different element compounds can be produced in the same working step, for example from different tanks with the same print head or from different ones Printheads are applied to the layer with the ceramic powder.
- the inventive method is also suitable not only for the creation of prototypes "but can be also used in series production.
- a 3D model of the green body can first be created in a computer. This can then be broken down in the computer into slices, which correspond in thickness to the desired layer thickness of the ceramic powder.
- a solidifying composition containing a titanium tetrachloride solution may be introduced.
- a solution of copper citrate may be charged as a solidifying composition, which usually contains yellow ink.
- a computer With the help of a computer, it is now possible, for example in the 3D model, to define a gradient from blue to yellow over the shaped body. If these data are now transferred to the printer, the result is a green body, which leads to a shaped body which is photocatalytically active on one side of the gradient, on the other side of the gradient is particularly thermally conductive, and in between a smooth transition of these properties having.
- a powder prepared by means of spray granulation is mixed with an organic binder, for example potato starch, and placed in a Z-Printer 510 (Z Corporation, USA).
- the component to be manufactured can be built up in layers according to the CAD data. After printing, for example, a drying and blowing out of the parts and the final sintering takes place.
- the Z-Printer 310 is commonly offered to make colored plaster models. For this he is, according to an inkjet printer, equipped with 4 colors. Instead of colored binder, it is conceivable, for example, to use dispersions with different metalorganic compounds. In this way, the base A ⁇ Os powder can be sprayed, for example in variable amount with the various compositions.
- the printer usually has three color chambers available.
- the desired composite or mixed oxide ceramics can be printed on the pm scale down to the mm scale.
- the desired composite or mixed oxide ceramics can be printed on the pm scale down to the mm scale.
- eg iron citrate can be sprayed on in dark colored areas. During sintering, a material with significantly higher iron oxide constituents is formed in this area.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved in a further embodiment by a green body, which is produced by the process according to the invention.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved by a method for producing a ceramic shaped body, wherein first the method according to the invention is carried out ren and then the green body is sintered.
- the sintering temperature is selected, for example, in a range between 1000 and 2000 ° C. and independently of this the holding time is in a range of 0.5 to 10 h, in particular 1 to 4 h.
- the object underlying the invention is achieved by a ceramic molding which has been produced by the process according to the invention.
- the shaped body has, for example, a porosity in the range of 0 to 60%, particularly preferably in the range of 0 to 20%.
- the ceramic molding has, for example, an E modulus in a range of 100 to 400 GPa.
- the ceramic molded body for example, has a strength in a range of 150 to 400 MPa.
- the shaped body according to the invention is selected from
- Ceramic support for complex circuits For dentures the technology according to the invention has the advantage, for example, that a continuous color progression, individual coloration and natural appearance can be achieved on the model of real teeth.
- a local microstructure modification or microstructural reinforcement can be achieved, for example an increase in strength (for example by ZrO 2 in Al 2 O 3 ), an increase in thermal shock resistance (for example, muilite in corundum), for example an increase in the thermal conductivity (for example AIN in Al 2 O 3 )
- an increase in strength for example by ZrO 2 in Al 2 O 3
- an increase in thermal shock resistance for example, muilite in corundum
- an increase in the thermal conductivity for example AIN in Al 2 O 3
- a local variation in density or porosity or, for example, a variation in pore size for the selective filtration of gases or liquids.
- Rod-shaped bodies (1 cm X 1 cm X 5 cm) were designed with a CAD program for the purpose of sample preparation. These were graduated from one end of the bar to the other in color (yellow to blue). The data set was converted by the 3D printer (Z-510, Z Corporation, USA). The layer thickness was set to 0.088 mm and the saturation maximum.
- a pure binder solution ZB 54
- the two binders were placed on the powder bed in different proportions during the printing process.
- the printed samples were dried at room temperature in the powder bed of the SD printer for 12 hours. Thereafter, the specimens were removed and dried in a drying oven at 60 ° C for a further 12 h completely. Subsequently, the specimens of unbound powder were removed by brush and compressed air.
- the sintering of the specimens was carried out at 1600 ° C, 2 h holding time.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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DE102012219989.6A DE102012219989B4 (de) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Druckverfahren zur Herstellung eines Grünkörpers, Grünkörper und keramischer Formkörper |
PCT/EP2013/072696 WO2014067990A1 (de) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-30 | Druckverfahren |
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JP (1) | JP6353455B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR102104692B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN104781213A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2013340896B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012219989B4 (de) |
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DE102008022664B4 (de) | 2008-05-07 | 2011-06-16 | Werkstoffzentrum Rheinbach Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines keramischen Grünkörpers, Grünkörper und keramischer Formkörper |
EP2233449B1 (de) | 2009-03-27 | 2014-12-17 | Ivoclar Vivadent AG | Verwendung eines Schlickers für die Herstellung von Dentalkeramiken mittels Hot-Melt-Inkjet-Druckverfahren |
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2012
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- 2013-10-30 WO PCT/EP2013/072696 patent/WO2014067990A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-10-30 CN CN201380056059.6A patent/CN104781213A/zh active Pending
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US10661503B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2020-05-26 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Three-dimensional (3D) printing |
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DE102012219989A1 (de) | 2014-04-30 |
JP6353455B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 |
WO2014067990A1 (de) | 2014-05-08 |
KR20150076164A (ko) | 2015-07-06 |
CN104781213A (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
JP2016500645A (ja) | 2016-01-14 |
ES2891096T3 (es) | 2022-01-26 |
AU2013340896A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
DE102012219989B4 (de) | 2016-09-29 |
EP2914563B1 (de) | 2021-06-30 |
US9908819B1 (en) | 2018-03-06 |
AU2013340896B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 |
KR102104692B1 (ko) | 2020-04-27 |
AU2013340896A2 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
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