EP2904166B1 - Cover - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- EP2904166B1 EP2904166B1 EP13762089.4A EP13762089A EP2904166B1 EP 2904166 B1 EP2904166 B1 EP 2904166B1 EP 13762089 A EP13762089 A EP 13762089A EP 2904166 B1 EP2904166 B1 EP 2904166B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- surface structure
- previous
- cover according
- individual elevations
- elevations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000011092 Hand injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/04—Gullies inlets, road sinks, floor drains with or without odour seals or sediment traps
- E03F5/06—Gully gratings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1409—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers adjustable in height or inclination
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1436—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers with overflow or explosion control means, e.g. check or relief valves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/02—Manhole shafts or other inspection chambers; Snow-filling openings; accessories
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/12—Devices or arrangements for circulating water, i.e. devices for removal of polluted water, cleaning baths or for water treatment
- E04H4/1209—Treatment of water for swimming pools
- E04H4/1218—Devices for removal of polluted water; Circumferential gutters
- E04H4/1227—Circumferential gutters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cover of a built-in a ground structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
- covers For installation of systems in the ground or (in particular) for drainage of surfaces gutters and shafts are known, which are covered by covers. These covers are partially run over by motor vehicles, but especially by pedestrians. In particular, when it is wet or dirt occurs, there is a risk of slipping and thus also a risk of injury.
- Covers in particular covering grates are known in many embodiments.
- the German design M 9 505 847 gutter covers according to the preamble of claim 1 are known, which have elevations that should guarantee slip resistance.
- a cover which has an increased slip resistance by multi-stage projections on a tread.
- EP 0 833 010 A1 a cover for underground structures, which should have an increased slip resistance by the rapid drainage of water and the removal of dirt.
- the known arrangements are only limited slip resistance.
- the covers are made of a plastic material, in particular injection-molded, easily occur soiling, which contribute to an increased risk of accidents.
- the known anti-slip structures often provide adequate slip resistance in indoor areas, for example in swimming pools, where clean water without dirt particles overflows the grids.
- the known macrostructures eg, just these known corrugations
- microstructures graining
- the invention is based on the object to show a cover of the type mentioned in that with the least possible effort increased slip resistance is guaranteed.
- this object is achieved by covering a structure to be installed in a ground, in particular a shaft, a point drain, a drainage channel or the like drainage device, comprising a walk-on and drive over surface with a surface structure in a first, lower level and surveys with survey cover surfaces lying in a second, higher level above the surface structure, achieved in that the survey cover surfaces have a slip-resistant surface structure comprising a plurality of individual surveys, wherein the ratio of the air volume below the individual surveys to the volume of the individual surveys Vv / Vm, (0.01 to 0.5) / (0.001 to 0.05), preferably (0.02 to 0.2) / (0.002 to 0.01).
- the individual elevations have different maximum heights. This ensures that even with the incorporation of dirt particles in the different height ranges of the anti-slip structures these dirt particles in turn have different heights and act in this way, in turn, slip-resistant.
- the lower-lying surface structure in the first, lower level has a slip-resistant surface structure which is less rough than the slip-resistant surface structure of the survey cover surfaces.
- the lower surface structure may have a grain to achieve a desired appearance, e.g. a cast look, as well as to increase the roughness and thus the slip-resistant properties of this surface structure.
- This design variable is taken from DIN EN ISO 25178 (as well as the design variables given in the following description and in the patent claims). These are expressly referred to, where also the measuring methods are described, which lead to the following sizes.
- the distribution of the individual surveys or their size can be done regularly. Preferably, however, a distribution in a random distribution over the area is chosen, so that higher and lower individual elevations are also provided within smaller areas.
- the individual elevations can be provided in various forms (seen in horizontal section). Preferably, however, the individual elevations are pyramid-shaped or truncated pyramidal.
- the embodiment of the grate 10 shown here comprises a supporting structure having a surface 11 lying in a first, lower plane.
- the surface 11 is interrupted by drainage openings 12 and forms a smooth surface structure 13.
- the surface structure 13 is in this case equipped with a very low surface roughness, as can be achieved, for example, in a surface that results from a plastic injection molding process.
- the elevation top surfaces 15 have the described roughness, which is achieved in particular during injection molding by a corresponding shaping of the injection mold.
- the survey deck surfaces 15 here include individual surveys 16, the - as in Fig. 3 indicated - arise from different high and different pointed single pyramids.
- This shaping ensures that, on the one hand, dirt particles which reach the elevations 14 are easily rinsed off and conveyed onto the smooth surface structure 13. From the smooth surface structure 13 turn the dirt particles are discharged into the drainage holes 12, so that a kind of "self-cleaning effect" occurs by the design chosen here. Even when walking through the forces occurring, the accumulation of Reduced dirt particles, since they are pressed out over the survey deck surfaces 15 and conveyed to the smooth surface structure 13, and then finally reach the drainage openings 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abdeckung eines in einen Boden einbaubaren Bauwerkes nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a cover of a built-in a ground structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
Zum Einbau von Anlagen in den Boden oder (insbesondere) zur Entwässerung von Oberflächen sind Rinnen und Schächte bekannt, die über Abdeckungen abgedeckt sind. Diese Abdeckungen werden teilweise von Kraftfahrzeugen überfahren, insbesondere aber auch von Fußgängern betreten. Insbesondere dann, wenn es nass ist oder Verschmutzungen auftreten, besteht Rutsch- und damit auch eine Verletzungsgefahr.For installation of systems in the ground or (in particular) for drainage of surfaces gutters and shafts are known, which are covered by covers. These covers are partially run over by motor vehicles, but especially by pedestrians. In particular, when it is wet or dirt occurs, there is a risk of slipping and thus also a risk of injury.
Abdeckungen, insbesondere Abdeckroste sind in vielfacher Ausführungsform bekannt. So z.B. zeigen die
In der
Ferner ist in der
Darüber hinaus beschreibt die
Die bekannten Anordnungen sind jedoch nur begrenzt rutschfest. Insbesondere dann, wenn die Abdeckungen aus einem Kunststoffmaterial gefertigt sind, insbesondere spritzgegossen werden, treten leicht Verschmutzungen auf, die zu einer erhöhten Unfallgefahr beitragen.However, the known arrangements are only limited slip resistance. In particular, when the covers are made of a plastic material, in particular injection-molded, easily occur soiling, which contribute to an increased risk of accidents.
Weiterhin bieten die bekannten rutschhemmenden Strukturen zwar oftmals eine ausreichende Rutschhemmung in Innenbereichen, z.B. bei Schwimmbädern, bei denen sauberes Wasser ohne Schmutzpartikel die Abdeckroste überspült. Sobald aber z.B. im Außenbereich Schmutzpartikel auf die Abdeckroste gelangen, setzen sich die bekannten Makrostrukturen (z.B. eben diese bekannten Riffelungen) und Mikrostrukturen (Narbungen) aufgrund des Eintrags eines Schmutzpartikel-Wasser-Gemisches zu und eine ausreichende Rutschhemmung ist nicht mehr möglich.Furthermore, although the known anti-slip structures often provide adequate slip resistance in indoor areas, for example in swimming pools, where clean water without dirt particles overflows the grids. However, as soon as, for example, dirt particles reach the covering grates in the outer area, the known macrostructures (eg, just these known corrugations) and microstructures (graining) are due to the entry of a dirt particle-water mixture too and a sufficient slip resistance is no longer possible.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Abdeckung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend aufzuzeigen, dass mit möglichst geringem Aufwand eine erhöhte Rutschsicherheit gewährleistet wird.The invention is based on the object to show a cover of the type mentioned in that with the least possible effort increased slip resistance is guaranteed.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Abdeckung nach Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a cover according to claim 1.
Insbesondere wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Abdeckung eines in einen Boden einbaubaren Bauwerkes, insbesondere eines Schachtes, eines Punktablaufes, einer Entwässerungsrinne oder dergleichen Entwässerungseinrichtung, umfassend eine begeh- und überfahrbare Oberfläche mit einer Flächenstruktur in einer ersten, niedrigeren Ebene und mit Erhebungen mit Erhebungsdeckflächen, die in einer zweiten, höheren Ebene über der Flächenstruktur liegen, dadurch gelöst, dass die Erhebungsdeckflächen eine rutschhemmende Oberflächenstruktur aufweisen, die eine Vielzahl von Einzelerhebungen umfasst, wobei das Verhältnis des Luftvolumens unterhalb der Einzelerhebungen zum Volumen der Einzelerhebungen Vv/Vm, (0,01 bis 0,5)/(0,001 bis 0,05), vorzugsweise (0,02 bis 0,2)/(0,002 bis 0,01) beträgt.In particular, this object is achieved by covering a structure to be installed in a ground, in particular a shaft, a point drain, a drainage channel or the like drainage device, comprising a walk-on and drive over surface with a surface structure in a first, lower level and surveys with survey cover surfaces lying in a second, higher level above the surface structure, achieved in that the survey cover surfaces have a slip-resistant surface structure comprising a plurality of individual surveys, wherein the ratio of the air volume below the individual surveys to the volume of the individual surveys Vv / Vm, (0.01 to 0.5) / (0.001 to 0.05), preferably (0.02 to 0.2) / (0.002 to 0.01).
Es werden also die rutschhemmenden Strukturen aus der eigentlichen Abdeckungsebene (die niedrigere Ebene) vertikal nach oben verlagert, so dass deutlich mehr Schmutzpartikel notwendig sind, um den Raum zwischen den rutschhemmenden Strukturen aufzufüllen und die Rutschhemmung aufzuheben.So it is the anti-slip structures from the actual cover level (the lower level) shifted vertically upward, so that significantly more dirt particles are necessary to fill the space between the anti-slip structures and lift the slip resistance.
Es liegt also ein wesentlicher Punkt der Erfindung darin, dass selbst dann, wenn Schmutzpartikel in die rutschhemmende Oberflächenstruktur eingebracht werden, diese leicht abgeschwemmt werden können oder auch durch das Begehen in die niedriger liegenden Bereiche zwischen den Erhebungen verschoben werden.It is therefore an essential point of the invention is that even if dirt particles are introduced into the slip-resistant surface structure, they can be easily washed off or be moved by walking in the lower areas between the surveys.
Erfindungsgemäß weisen die Einzelerhebungen unterschiedliche Maximalhöhen auf. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass auch bei Einlagerung von Schmutzpartikeln in die unterschiedlichen Höhenbereiche der rutschhemmenden Strukturen diese Schmutzpartikel wiederum unterschiedliche Höhen aufweisen und auf diese Weise wiederum selbst rutschhemmend wirken.According to the invention, the individual elevations have different maximum heights. This ensures that even with the incorporation of dirt particles in the different height ranges of the anti-slip structures these dirt particles in turn have different heights and act in this way, in turn, slip-resistant.
Es ist möglich, dass die niedriger liegende Flächenstruktur in der ersten, niedrigeren Ebene eine rutschhemmende Oberflächenstruktur aufweist, die weniger rau ist als die rutschhemmende Oberflächenstruktur der Erhebungsdeckflächen. Die niedriger liegende Flächenstruktur kann beispielsweise eine Narbung zur Erzielung einer gewünschten Optik, z.B. einer Gussoptik, sowie zur Erhöhung der Rauigkeit und damit der rutschhemmenden Eigenschaften dieser Flächenstruktur aufweisen.It is possible that the lower-lying surface structure in the first, lower level has a slip-resistant surface structure which is less rough than the slip-resistant surface structure of the survey cover surfaces. For example, the lower surface structure may have a grain to achieve a desired appearance, e.g. a cast look, as well as to increase the roughness and thus the slip-resistant properties of this surface structure.
Die Maximalhöhen sind innerhalb einer Verteilung eines Bereichs von Sz=150 µm bis 1.500 µm, vorzugsweise zwischen 230 µm bis 1.000 µm vorgesehen. Diese Bemessungsgröße ist (wie auch die in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie in den Patentansprüchen angegeben Bemessungsgrößen) der DIN EN ISO 25178 entnommen. Auf diese wird ausdrücklich hingewiesen, wobei dort auch die Messmethoden beschrieben sind, die zu den nachfolgend angegebenen Größen führen.The maximum heights are provided within a distribution of a range of Sz = 150 μm to 1,500 μm, preferably between 230 μm to 1,000 μm. This design variable is taken from DIN EN ISO 25178 (as well as the design variables given in the following description and in the patent claims). These are expressly referred to, where also the measuring methods are described, which lead to the following sizes.
Die Verteilung der Einzelerhebungen bzw. deren Größe kann regelmäßig erfolgen. Vorzugsweise wird jedoch eine Verteilung in einer Zufallsverteilung über die Fläche gewählt, so dass auch innerhalb von kleineren Bereichen höhere und niedrigere Einzelerhebungen vorgesehen sind.The distribution of the individual surveys or their size can be done regularly. Preferably, however, a distribution in a random distribution over the area is chosen, so that higher and lower individual elevations are also provided within smaller areas.
Die Einzelerhöhungen können in verschiedenen Formen (im Horizontalschnitt gesehen) vorgesehen sein. Vorzugsweise sind die Einzelerhebungen jedoch pyramidenförmig oder pyramidenstumpfförmig ausgebildet.The individual elevations can be provided in various forms (seen in horizontal section). Preferably, however, the individual elevations are pyramid-shaped or truncated pyramidal.
Die maximalen Senkenhöhen der Einzelerhebungen (sie werden auch Muldenhöhen genannt) betragen Sv=50 µm bis 500 µm, vorzugsweise 85 µm bis 310 µm. Überraschenderweise hat sich dieser Bereich als besonders günstig erwiesen.The maximum sink heights of the individual surveys (they are also called trough heights) are Sv = 50 μm to 500 μm, preferably 85 μm to 310 μm. Surprisingly, this area has proven to be particularly favorable.
Der Rauhigkeitswert der Oberflächenstruktur beträgt vorzugsweise Sa=10 µm bis 200 µm, vorzugsweise 15 µm bis 90 µm. Das gestreckte Aussehensverhältnis (gemäß DIN EN ISO 25178 auch als entwickeltes Übergangsflächenverhältnis einer skalenbegrenzten Oberfläche bezeichnet) der Oberflächenstruktur beträgt vorzugsweise Sdr=20 bis 300%. Die Oberflächenstruktur weist vorzugsweise eine Spitzendichte von Spd=0,5 bis 20 mm-1, vorzugsweise 1 bis 10 mm-1 auf.The roughness value of the surface structure is preferably Sa = 10 μm to 200 μm, preferably 15 μm to 90 μm. The stretched appearance ratio (referred to as DIN EN ISO 25178 also referred to as a developed transition area ratio of a scale-limited surface) of the surface structure is preferably Sdr = 20 to 300%. The surface structure preferably has a peak density of Spd = 0.5 to 20 mm -1 , preferably 1 to 10 mm -1 .
Die vorgenannten Größenbereiche haben überraschenderweise eine besondere Wirkung dahingehend, dass einerseits Verletzungen an den Spitzen kaum auftreten, andererseits aber eine hinreichende Rutschfestigkeit und "Selbstreinigungskraft" erzielt wird.The aforementioned size ranges surprisingly have a special effect to the effect that on the one hand injury to the tips hardly occur, but on the other hand, a sufficient slip resistance and "self-cleaning" is achieved.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von stark schematisierten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Abdeckrost für eine Entwässerungsrinne,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II-II aus
Fig. 1 und - Fig. 3
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Bereiches III aus
Fig. 2 .
- Fig. 1
- a top view of a cover grate for a drainage channel,
- Fig. 2
- a section along the line II-II
Fig. 1 and - Fig. 3
- an enlarged view of the area III
Fig. 2 ,
Wie aus den Abbildungen hervorgeht, umfasst die hier gezeigte Ausführungsform des Rostes 10 eine tragende Struktur, die eine Oberfläche 11 aufweist, die in einer ersten, niedrigeren Ebene liegt. Die Oberfläche 11 ist durch Entwässerungsöffnungen 12 unterbrochen und bildet eine glatte Flächenstruktur 13. Die Flächenstruktur 13 ist hierbei mit einer sehr geringen Oberflächenrauhigkeit ausgestattet, so wie dies beispielsweise bei einer Oberfläche erzielbar ist, die bei einem Kunststoff-Spritzgussverfahren entsteht.As shown in the figures, the embodiment of the
Auf dieser Oberfläche 11 sind stabförmige Erhebungen 14 vorgesehen, deren Erhebungsdeckflächen 15 die beschriebene Rauhigkeit aufweisen, welche insbesondere beim Spritzguss durch eine entsprechende Formgebung der Spritzgussform erzielt wird. Die Erhebungsdeckflächen 15 umfassen hierbei Einzelerhebungen 16, die - wie in
Durch diese Formgebung wird gewährleistet, dass einerseits Schmutzpartikel, die auf die Erhebungen 14 gelangen, leicht abgespült und auf die glatte Flächenstruktur 13 befördert werden. Von der glatten Flächenstruktur 13 wiederum werden die Schmutzpartikel in die Entwässerungsöffnungen 12 abgeführt, so dass durch die hier gewählte Konstruktion eine Art "Selbstreinigungseffekt" auftritt. Selbst beim Begehen wird durch die auftretenden Kräfte die Ansammlung der Schmutzpartikel verringert, da diese über die Erhebungsdeckflächen 15 hinausgepresst und auf die glatte Flächenstruktur 13 befördert werden, um dann endgültig in die Entwässerungsöffnungen 12 zu gelangen.This shaping ensures that, on the one hand, dirt particles which reach the
- 1010
- Abdeckungcover
- 1111
- Oberflächesurface
- 1212
- Entwässerungsöffnungdrainage opening
- 1313
- Flächenstruktursurface structure
- 1414
- Erhebungsurvey
- 1515
- ErhebungsdeckflächeSurvey covering surface
- 1616
- EinzelerhebungSingle survey
Claims (13)
- Cover of a structure which can be built into a ground, in particular a shaft, a point drainage, a drainage channel or a similar drainage device, comprising• a walkable and drivable surface (11) having a surface structure (13) in a first, lower plane, and• elevations (14) with elevation deck surfaces (15) which lie in a second, higher plane above the surface structure (13), whereinthe elevation deck surfaces (15) have an anti-slip surface structure which comprises a plurality of individual elevations (16) and is rougher than the lower lying surface structure (13), wherein the ratio of the air volume below the individual elevations (16) to the volume of the individual elevations (16) is Vv/Vm=(0.01 to 0.5)/(0.001 to 0.05),
characterized in that
the individual elevations (16) have different maximum heights, wherein the maximum heights are provided in a distribution within a range from Sz=150 µm to 1,500 µm. - Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the air volume below the individual elevations (16) to the volume of the individual elevations (16) is Vv/Vm= (0.02 to 0.2)/(0.002 to 0.01).
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the maximum heights are provided in a distribution within a range from Sz=230 µm to 1,000 µm.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the distribution is a random distribution.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the individual elevations (16) are formed in the shape of a pyramid or truncated pyramid.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the individual elevations (16) have a maximum depression height of Sv=50 µm to 500 µm.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the individual elevations (16) have a maximum depression height of Sv= 85 µm to 310 µm.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the roughness value of the surface structure is Sa=10 µm to 200 µm.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the roughness value of the surface structure is Sa= 15 µm to 90 µm.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the stretched aspect ratio of the surface structure Sdr is 10 to 500%.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the stretched aspect ratio of the surface structure Sdr is 20 to 300%.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the surface structure has a peak density of Spd=0.5 to 20 mm-1.
- Cover according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the surface structure has a peak density of Spd=1 to 10 mm-1.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL13762089T PL2904166T3 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2013-09-09 | Cover |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012108392.4A DE102012108392A1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2012-09-10 | cover |
PCT/EP2013/068537 WO2014037544A1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2013-09-09 | Cover |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2904166A1 EP2904166A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
EP2904166B1 true EP2904166B1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
Family
ID=49165727
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13762089.4A Active EP2904166B1 (en) | 2012-09-10 | 2013-09-09 | Cover |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150233081A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2904166B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6082465B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104619931B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013311585B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112015005174B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102012108392A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2904166T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2748839T3 (en) |
LT (1) | LT2904166T (en) |
MX (1) | MX355656B (en) |
PL (1) | PL2904166T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2614586C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014037544A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201501818B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104912182A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-09-16 | 常州德日机械有限公司 | Floor drain cover with annular protruding grating lines |
DE102022116732A1 (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2024-01-11 | Aco Ahlmann Se & Co. Kg | Longitudinal bar grating unit |
Family Cites Families (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2190211A (en) * | 1939-03-08 | 1940-02-13 | Louis J A Lavallee | Antiskid tread for stairs, floors, and the like |
USRE25778E (en) * | 1959-03-04 | 1965-05-18 | Non-slip structures | |
US3093216A (en) * | 1959-05-12 | 1963-06-11 | Aurora Equipment Co | Perforated non-skid panel |
US3156168A (en) * | 1960-04-21 | 1964-11-10 | Reliance Steel Prod Co | Grating |
US3100312A (en) * | 1962-03-23 | 1963-08-13 | William H Williams | Cleat cleaner |
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2012
- 2012-09-10 DE DE102012108392.4A patent/DE102012108392A1/en active Pending
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2013
- 2013-09-09 LT LT13762089T patent/LT2904166T/en unknown
- 2013-09-09 AU AU2013311585A patent/AU2013311585B2/en active Active
- 2013-09-09 JP JP2015530428A patent/JP6082465B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-09-09 PL PL13762089T patent/PL2904166T3/en unknown
- 2013-09-09 MX MX2015001029A patent/MX355656B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-09-09 CN CN201380046997.8A patent/CN104619931B/en active Active
- 2013-09-09 EP EP13762089.4A patent/EP2904166B1/en active Active
- 2013-09-09 DK DK13762089T patent/DK2904166T3/en active
- 2013-09-09 WO PCT/EP2013/068537 patent/WO2014037544A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-09-09 ES ES13762089T patent/ES2748839T3/en active Active
- 2013-09-09 RU RU2015113018A patent/RU2614586C2/en active
- 2013-09-09 US US14/426,897 patent/US20150233081A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-09-09 BR BR112015005174-0A patent/BR112015005174B1/en active IP Right Grant
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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RU2614586C2 (en) | 2017-03-28 |
CN104619931B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
DK2904166T3 (en) | 2019-11-18 |
WO2014037544A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
BR112015005174A2 (en) | 2017-07-04 |
AU2013311585B2 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
DE102012108392A1 (en) | 2014-05-28 |
ES2748839T3 (en) | 2020-03-18 |
MX355656B (en) | 2018-04-26 |
JP2015532954A (en) | 2015-11-16 |
JP6082465B2 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
AU2013311585A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 |
LT2904166T (en) | 2019-10-25 |
CN104619931A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
PL2904166T3 (en) | 2020-05-18 |
BR112015005174B1 (en) | 2021-05-25 |
MX2015001029A (en) | 2015-07-23 |
US20150233081A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
RU2015113018A (en) | 2016-10-27 |
EP2904166A1 (en) | 2015-08-12 |
ZA201501818B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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