RU2614586C2 - Cover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: cover is comprised of a surface with a planar structure in the first, lower plane and ends with towering elevations, which are located in the second, higher plane above the plane of the structure. The towering ends have a surface structure that prevents slipping, which includes a large number of single elevations and a greater surface roughness than the planar structure located below. The ratio of air volume under single elevations to the volume of single elevations of Vv / Vm = (0.01-0.5) / (0.001-0.05).

EFFECT: increased security against slipping.

10 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a cover for a building structure embedded in the soil according to the preamble of claim 1.

For the implementation of embedment of structures in the ground or, above all, for the removal of water from surfaces, drainage trays and wells are known, which are closed by lids. In some cases, vehicles pass through these covers, but, first of all, pedestrians walk on them. First of all, in cases when damp weather occurs or dirt forms, there is a danger that you can slip and, therefore, get injured.

Lids, especially closing grilles, are known in numerous forms of construction. So, for example, in DE 1853985 U, DE 202006014082 U1, DE 8909748 U1 or DE 1876986 U there are cover gratings which are given surface structuring in the form of (wedge-shaped) slots or on which there are elevations with a triangular cross section. In addition, from the German application for industrial design M 9505847 known, for example, the lids of the waste trays according to the restrictive part of paragraph 1 of the claims, on which there are elevations that should ensure safety with respect to slippage.

Moreover, the known location patterns (elevations) only to a limited extent protect against slippage. First of all, in cases where the covers are made of synthetic material, primarily made by injection molding, contaminants easily appear, which contribute to the increased danger of accidents.

In addition, there are known constructions that prevent slippage along them, which, although they often provide sufficient anti-slippage resistance when mounted in interior rooms, for example, in swimming pools, where clean water, not containing particles of dirt, washes the closing gratings, however, in the case of mounting, for example, in the adjacent territory, as soon as particles of dirt fall onto the closing gratings, they will encounter known macrostructures (for example, these already well-known corrugations ) And microstructure (hems) alluvium clogged resulting mixture of particles of dirt and water, and sufficient resistance to slippage is no longer possible.

Based on the foregoing, the basis of the invention is the task of presenting such a cover of the above type so that at the lowest possible cost, increased safety with regard to slippage is provided.

This problem is solved by means of a cover according to paragraph 1 of the claims.

First of all, this problem is solved by means of the cover of a building structure built into the ground, first of all, a well, a point gutter, a drainage channel or a similar gutter device, with a surface with a plane structure in the first, lower plane configured to allow people to pass through and pass through. with elevations with towering ends, which are located in the second, higher plane above the planar structure, and the problem is solved due to the fact that the towering ends have obstacles a slip structure that includes a large number of single elevations, the ratio of the air volume under single elevations to the volume of single elevations is preferably Vv / Vm = (0.01-0.5) / (0.001-0.05) preferably Vv / Vm = (0.02-0.2) / (0.002-0.01).

Thus, the anti-slip structures are taken out of the cover plane itself (its lower plane) vertically upwards, so more dirt particles are clearly required to fill the space between the anti-slip structures and eliminate the anti-slip resistance.

Therefore, an essential aspect of the invention is that even when particles of dirt have fallen into a non-slip surface structure, they can easily be washed away from there by water or can also move to lower areas between elevations as a result of pedestrian traffic.

Preferably, single elevations have different maximum heights. This ensures that, including during the bedding of dirt particles in different height sections of anti-slip structures, these dirt particles gain different heights and, thus, they themselves act, in turn, as anti-slip elements.

In this case, it is possible that the underlying planar structure, located in the first, lower plane, have such a surface structure that prevents slippage, the roughness of which would be less than that of the surface structure that prevents slipping of the towering ends. The underlying planar structure can be performed, for example, with scars to provide the desired optical perception, for example, perception as casting, as well as to increase the roughness and, therefore, improve the anti-slip properties of this planar structure.

Preferably, the maximum heights when distributed within one section are provided equal to Sz = 150-1500 μm, preferably from 230 μm to 1000 μm. This calculated value (as well as the calculated values given in the description below and in the claims) is taken from the standard DIN EN ISO 25178. This standard is explicitly referenced, and it also describes the measurement methods, the results of which are obtained the following values.

Distribution of single elevations or their sizes can be carried out according to an ordered scheme. In this case, it is preferable to select a distribution according to an arbitrary scheme over a certain area, that is, so that, including within the smaller sections, higher and lower single elevations are provided.

Single elevations can be provided in various configurations (when viewed in horizontal section). In this case, preferably, single elevations are made in the form of a pyramid or in the form of a truncated pyramid.

The maximum oblique heights of single elevations (also called the height of incidence between the upper and lower points) are Sv = 50-500 μm, preferably from 85 μm to 310 μm. It is noteworthy that this range turned out to be the most preferable.

The surface roughness coefficient is preferably Sa = 10-200 μm, preferably from 15 μm to 90 μm. The coefficient of the expanded area of the surface structure with respect to depth and width (in accordance with DIN EN ISO 25178, also referred to as the coefficient of the expanded relative transition area limited by the surface scale) is preferably Sdr = 20-300%. The surface structure preferably has a vertex (pyramid) distribution density of Spd = 0.5-20 mm ^-1 , preferably 1 to 10 mm ^-1 .

It is noteworthy that the above parametric ranges provide a specific effect in the sense that, on the one hand, it is hardly possible to get hurt on the tops of the pyramids, and, on the other hand, sufficient slippage resistance and a “self-cleaning effect” are provided.

The following is a more detailed explanation of the invention based on exaggeratedly schematic drawings. In this case, the figures show:

FIG. 1 is a top view of the closing grid of the drainage tray,

FIG. 2 is a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 and

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of section III in FIG. 2.

As follows from the illustrations, the embodiment of the lattice 10 shown here includes a load-bearing structure with a surface 11 that falls on its first, lower plane. The surface 11 is interrupted by the drainage holes 12 and defines a smooth planar structure 13. Moreover, the planar structure 13 is made to give it a very slight surface roughness, as, for example, this can be achieved in the case of surfaces that are formed (in the manufacture of products) by casting technology from synthetic material under pressure.

On this surface 11 are provided elevations 14 in the form of pins, the elevating ends 15 of which have the indicated roughness, which is ensured primarily during injection molding by imparting a corresponding shape to the mold. The towering ends 15 include single elevations 16, which, as indicated in FIG. 3 are defined by single pyramids having different heights and different pointed points.

Due to this shape, it is ensured that, on the one hand, the dirt particles falling on the elevations 14 are easily washed off with water and transferred to a smooth planar structure 13, on the other hand, the dirt particles are removed from the smooth planar structure 13 into the drain holes 12, so, thanks to the design chosen here, a kind of “self-cleaning effect” occurs. Already when walking (pedestrians on gratings), the accumulation of particles of dirt decreases under the action of the arising forces, since they collide with the towering ends 15 and are transferred to a smooth planar structure 13, so that they finally enter the drain holes 12.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 cover

11 surface

12 drain hole

13 plane structure

14 elevation

15 towering butt

16 solitary elevation.

Claims (13)

1. The cover is built into the soil of a building structure, especially a well, a point gutter, drainage tray or similar gutter device, having: made with the possibility of people passing through it and passing vehicles, a surface (11) with a planar structure (13) in the first, lower plane and with elevations (14) with towering ends (15), which are located in the second, higher plane above the plane structure (13), moreover, the towering ends (15) have a surface structure that prevents slipping, which includes a large number of single elevations (16) and has a greater roughness than the planar structure located below (13), characterized in that the ratio of the air volume under the single elevations (16) to the volume of the single elevations (16) is Vv / Vm = (0.01-0.5) / (0.001-0.05). 2. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the air volume under the single elevations (16) to the volume of the single elevations (16) is Vv / Vm = (0.02-0.2) / (0.002-0.01) . 3. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the single elevations (16) have different maximum heights. 4. The cover according to claim 3, characterized in that the maximum heights during distribution within one section are provided equal to Sz = 150-1500 μm, preferably from 230 μm to 1000 μm. 5. The cover according to claim 4, characterized in that the distribution is made according to an arbitrary scheme. 6. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the single elevations (16) are made in the form of a pyramid or in the form of a truncated pyramid. 7. Cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the single elevations (16) have a maximum inclined height Sv = 50-500 μm, preferably from 85 μm to 310 μm. 8. The cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface roughness coefficient is Sa = 10-200 μm, preferably from 15 μm to 90 μm. 9. The cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the coefficient of the expanded surface area of the surface structure with respect to depth and width is Sdr = 10-500%, preferably from 20% to 300%. 10. A cover according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface structure has a vertex distribution density of Spd = 0.5-20 mm ^-1 , preferably from 1 to 10 mm ^-1 .

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