JP2008038388A - Non-slip protrusion of iron cover and the like for underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-slip protrusion, having weatherability and abrasion resistance, of an iron cover and the like for an underground structure, which can also be easily applied to an existing iron cover and the like, without being restricted to a new product. <P>SOLUTION: A portion of contact between a welding rod 21 as a protrusion forming material with weatherability and abrasion resistance, and the iron cover and the like for the underground structure as a metal base material 22 is melted by instantaneous pulse heating. The protrusion forming material is implanted in the surface of the iron cover and the like for the underground structure. Thus, a protrusive non-slip 15 is anchored without causing the virtual thermal deformation of the iron cover and the like for the underground structure. The protrusive non-slip with a height of about 0.8 mm from the surface of the iron cover and the like for the underground structure is arranged in a continuous or discontinuous planar distribution form. The protrusive non-slip bites into a passage means, which includes a pedestrian's shoe sole and a tire of an automobile and which is brought into contact with the surface of the iron cover and the like for the underground structure, so as to generate proper frictional resistance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-slip projection that is processed on the surface of an iron lid for an underground structure to generate an appropriate frictional resistance in a passage means including a pedestrian shoe sole and an automobile tire.

For example, in order to prevent slipping on the surface of a manhole iron cover installed on the road surface, various countermeasures have been conventionally taken. The countermeasures are roughly divided into two groups, the first group is to provide a non-slip pattern on the surface of the iron lid in the casting process, and the second group is to provide a non-slip pattern on the surface of the iron lid by post-processing. Is. Those belonging to the first group include inventions such as JP 2000-45312 A, JP 2001-32310 A, JP 10-96244 A, and the like belonging to the second group JP-A 1-230818.
And JP-A-2002-167788 and JP-A-2005-23607.

  However, since the invention belonging to the first group is applied to factory production, it is naturally limited to new products, and another measure must be taken for existing iron lids. There is also the inconvenience that the design will be constrained if the anti-slip pattern is highly effective. On the other hand, some of the inventions belonging to the second group can be applied to existing iron lids, but some require large-scale equipment to perform post-processing. On-site work is not always easy. It may be possible to remove the existing iron lid and bring it into the factory. In that case, a temporary lid is also required, and considering this and this, there are few advantages in terms of time and cost. .

  As described above, it is understood that there are many limitations and inconveniences in the anti-slip technology for iron caps for underground structures that are currently being implemented or considered feasible. For this reason, the inventor of the present case has repeatedly studied on the anti-slip technology for eliminating these restrictions and inconveniences, and as a result, among the above, the method of developing the technology belonging to the second group is the best. We have been developing with the prospect of This is because if the slip stopper can be provided by post-processing, it can be easily applied to existing iron lids and can be easily applied to products newly manufactured at a factory.

  As a technique capable of providing a non-slip by post-processing, the most effective technique is judged to be a non-slip process using a metallurgical joining method, so-called welding. Since welding is bonded to an object in a molten state, it can be said that welding has the highest possibility of attaching a non-slip to the surface of an iron lid in the bonding technique. However, welding involves joining the members in a molten state, and heating is inevitable, so there is also a problem that consideration must always be given so that the heating state does not become excessive.

  The influence of heat accompanying this welding is also noticeable in the manhole iron lid. This type of iron lid is cast using, for example, ductile cast iron and finished by cutting, but it does not necessarily have a uniform structure or structure as a whole, and is partially subjected to high heat by welding. When expansion or contraction occurs, the effect appears as residual strain, and even when it is not visible, the stability deteriorates when it is placed in the receiving frame. In addition, the result is the same as that in which an undesired heat treatment is performed on the iron lid by welding, and there is a possibility that not only the dimensional accuracy is lost but also the predetermined strength cannot be exhibited.

JP 2000-45312 A JP 2001-32310 A JP-A-10-96244 JP-A-1-230818 JP 2002-167788 A JP-A-2005-23607

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above points, and the object thereof is to provide a non-slip projection in an iron lid for an underground structure provided with a non-slip having weather resistance and wear resistance by post-processing. It is to be. Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-slip projection in an iron cover for an underground structure that is not limited to a new product and can be easily applied to an existing iron cover. .

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a non-slip projection that is processed on the surface of an iron cover for underground structures and generates frictional resistance in a passage means including a sole of a pedestrian and an automobile tire.
By melting the contact portion between the projection forming material having weather resistance and wear resistance and the iron lid for underground structure by instantaneous heating, and implanting the projection forming material on the surface of the iron lid for underground structure, It is formed by fixing a protruding slip stopper without causing substantial thermal deformation of the iron cover for underground structures. As a protruding slip stopper, the height from the surface of the iron cover for underground structures Are arranged with a continuous or non-continuous planar distribution form, and are in contact with the surface of the iron lids for underground structures, tires of pedestrians and automobiles For the passage means including the above, a measure is taken in which the protrusion-shaped anti-slip bites into and generates an appropriate frictional resistance.

  A feature of the present invention is that non-slip protrusions are used to process the surface of the iron lids for underground structures to generate appropriate frictional resistance. The processing in the present invention is post-processing. The use of anti-slip projections that generate an appropriate frictional resistance in passage means including pedestrian shoe soles and automobile tires has been employed in those belonging to the first group described above. However, in the case of the first group of anti-slip projections, the uneven pattern is provided in the casting process, so it cannot be applied to existing iron lids. Since the stop protrusion is provided, it can be applied to both existing iron covers and new iron covers.

  In the anti-slip projection according to the present invention, the appropriate frictional resistance to be generated in the passage means including the soles of pedestrians and automobile tires is the case where the surface of the iron lids for underground structures is not processed. What has slipped is a frictional resistance that does not cause slipping or becomes difficult to slip due to the anti-slip projection according to the present invention. Such frictional resistance is measured and defined by various methods and can be specified by any of them. For example, the Ono Laboratory of Tokyo Institute of Technology, which conforms to the JIS A 1454 (established in 1998) related to the walking of humans and conforms to the polymeric tension flooring test method (hereinafter referred to as the CSR method). Reference is made to numerical values obtained by a slip resistance test (BPN) by an English portable (skid resistance) tester in accordance with the slip resistance test (OY-PSM) and ASTM E303 (wet). C. S. When referring to the R method and the BPN value, it can be seen that the surface of the iron cover for underground structures embodying the present invention has a very good anti-slip effect.

  In the present invention, the contact portion between the projection forming material having weather resistance and wear resistance and the iron cover for underground structure is melted by instantaneous heating, and is implanted into the surface of the iron cover for underground structure, A means and a method of fixing the protrusion-like anti-slip without causing a virtual thermal deformation in the iron cover for the underground structure are taken. Here, what is important is to plant the protrusion-forming material on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures, and as if the root has grown on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures. A part of the protrusion-forming material is fixed and forms a firm fixing state different from the case where the protrusion is simply fixed by contact between the surfaces. The implantation of the projection-forming material takes place by melting that can occur in both contact parts by instantaneous heating. As already mentioned, the application of the metallurgical joining method to the iron lids for underground structures has been known to cause residual strain due to the effects of expansion and contraction due to high heat. There must be.

Therefore, in the present invention, the protrusion forming material side is connected to one electrode, the iron lid for the underground structure is connected to the other electrode, and the discharge generated between the two electrodes causes the protrusion forming material and the underground structure. It takes the structure which produces the fusion | melting by pulse heating in the contact part of the surface of iron lids for objects. Pulse heating is a well-known method that causes melting on the surface of the projection forming material and the iron lids for underground structures at controlled time intervals, as seen for example in pulse heating soldering irons. It is a fixing means with a small amount of heat applied to the part, thereby allowing the projection forming material to be implanted without overheating the iron lids for underground structures. In addition, this configuration can reduce the heat input with less heat input even when the projection forming material is made of a material having a high melting point such as tungsten or a high melting point ceramic compared to the melting point of the iron lids for underground structures. Enables implantation of iron caps for underground structures that reach the melting point on the surface.

  In order to melt the contact portion between the projection forming material and the iron cover for the underground structure by instantaneous heating and implant it on the surface of the iron cover for the underground structure, the technique applied to the present invention is a technique belonging to arc welding. A fill based on is appropriate. Arc welding covers a wide range from conventional coated arc welding to mag welding, MIG welding, TIG welding, submerged arc welding, or plasma arc welding. In the present invention, one side of the protrusion-forming material is used as a filler rod (core material). It is connected to the other electrode with the side of the iron lid for the underground structure as a metal base material, melted by arc discharge generated between both electrodes, and a projection forming material is implanted. It is expected that the influence of heat input will be minimized by strictly controlling the energization of the coil. For example, devices such as those disclosed in JP-A-6-269936 and JP-A-2004-160461 are considered to be suitable for use because they satisfy the above-mentioned conditions. Post-processing can be easily performed on the iron lids at the installation location.

In the present invention, the projection-forming material having weather resistance and wear resistance constituting the anti-slip projection can be selected mainly from metals and other inorganic materials. Suitable protrusion forming materials include cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), tungsten (W), and alloys thereof as metals, but iron alloys and titanium alloys can also be used. As the ceramic, alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) is suitable, but silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si ₃ N ₄ ) and the like are also in a usable range. Therefore, as the protrusion forming material in the present invention, an optimum material is applied among the materials listed here in consideration of the anti-slip property, the economical efficiency, the build-up workability, and the like.

As the protrusion-shaped anti-slip, one having a height of 0.5 to 1.0 mm from the surface of the iron lid for underground structures is arranged with a continuous or non-continuous planar distribution form. . When the height is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, the protruding means are in contact with the passage means including the soles of pedestrians and the tires of automobiles that come into contact with the surface of iron covers for underground structures. It becomes possible for the non-slip to bite in and produce an appropriate frictional resistance. When the height is considerably lower than 0.5 mm, the protrusion-shaped anti-slip bite is insufficient, so the necessary frictional resistance cannot be obtained, and when the height is considerably higher than 1.0 mm, Even if the bite is sufficient, it is too high, so that the shoes are easily caught or an extra heat input is caused. This protruding anti-slip is 0.5 to 0.5 on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures.
Having a continuous or linear configuration with a width of 1.0 mm, or a discontinuous or punctiform configuration with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, about 2 mm per square centimeter or more It is desirable that it is densely arranged on the surface of the iron lids for underground structures. These numbers are clarified by experiments in the development process of the present invention. For example, when the density is about 1.0 mm per square centimeter or less than about 0.2 density per square centimeter, In either case, since the distribution of the protruding anti-slip is insufficient, the expected anti-slip effect cannot be expected. However, when the density is higher than the above-mentioned density, it is considered that there is no problem.

  In the present invention, the iron lids for underground structures include so-called manhole iron lids for sewers installed on the road, iron lids for waterworks, fire hydrants, or information boxes, for example, ductile cast iron. It is obvious to include those cast using However, it includes not only these cast iron lids but also steel lids made of, for example, steel plates, which are installed in the premises of factories, for example, in housing estates or in residential premises. As described above, in the case of the present invention, since there is also a side surface that eliminates slipperiness based on a metal material typified by iron, metal lids made of materials other than iron in spite of the description of the iron lid In addition, although it seems that there are few examples, it is applicable

  Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, for example, a protrusion having a height of 0.5 to 1.0 mm as a non-slip projection is continuously or discontinuously planar distribution form. With the configuration arranged with the pedestrian, the projection means slips into the passage means including the soles of the pedestrians and the tires of the automobile, and generates an appropriate frictional resistance. There is an effect that an accident of slipping can be prevented. In addition, since the present invention provides a non-slip having weather resistance and wear resistance by post-processing, the present invention is not limited to new products and can be easily applied to existing iron lids. The effect is exerted, and a part of the projection forming material is implanted by melting by pulse heating, so that the influence of heat input applied to the iron lids for underground structures can be almost ignored.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the illustrated embodiment, the non-slip protrusion in the iron lid for an underground structure according to the present invention will be described in more detail. 1 to 8 show an anti-slip projection according to the present invention and an iron lid for an underground structure to which the anti-slip projection is applied. An illustrated iron lid 10 is a product cast using ductile cast iron, It becomes a base material for anti-slip formation by post-processing.

  1, 3, and 5, 11 is a concave portion on the surface of the iron lid for underground structures, 12 is a convex portion on the surface, and these concave portion 11 and convex portion 12 are the surface of the iron lid 10 in the casting process. It is a non-slip pattern provided on. In the present invention, the anti-slip protrusion 15 is provided in order to achieve an effect that cannot be expected depending on these, and the installation location is mainly the upper surface of the convex portion 12. However, since a pedestrian's shoe sole may be settled in specific places, such as the slightly wide plane part 13 seen in the center part of the iron lid 10, the non-slip protrusion 15 according to the present invention may be provided. Reference numeral 14 denotes a small hole.

  In the case of a general anti-slip pattern, the height of the convex portion 12 is about 6 mm from the bottom of the concave portion 11, whereas the anti-slip projection 15 according to the present invention is the surface of the iron lid for underground structures. Those having a height of about 0.8 mm are arranged with a continuous or non-continuous planar distribution form. In the example of FIG. 1, the anti-slip projections 15 may be called a geometric distribution in which linear objects having a length of about 10 mm are arranged in a broken line shape and arranged in a grid pattern at regular intervals of about 30 mm in length and width. It has a form. In addition, the width | variety of the linear thing about 10 mm in length is about 0.8 mm. The example of FIG. 1 corresponds to the case where the arrangement density of the anti-slip protrusions 15 is the smallest (coarse) among the three examples including FIGS. 3 and 5.

  3 and 5, 11 is a concave portion on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures, 12 is a convex portion on the surface, and a non-slip protrusion 15 is provided on the upper surface of the convex portion 12. Is the same as the example of FIG. 1, but its planar distribution form is different and it is denser. That is, in the example of FIG. 3, the anti-slip protrusion 15 is the same in that the height from the surface of the iron lid for underground structures is about 0.8 mm, and a linear one having a length of about 10 mm is used. The interval between the vertical and horizontal lines forming a lattice shape is about 15 mm, which is about half that of the example of FIG. See FIG. 2 and FIG. Moreover, in the example of FIG. 5, the structure which has arrange | positioned the non-slip | projection protrusion 15 which has the height of about 0.8 mm substantially the same as the previous 2 examples at the closest density without leaving a space | interval is taken.

  1, 3, and 5 show that although the anti-slip projections 15 have a lattice-like planar distribution form, the distribution density is different from coarse, medium, and dense, It is also an example that the desired frictional resistance can be obtained regardless of the direction of the passing means including the soles of pedestrians and automobile tires entering the surface of the iron lid for underground structures. The above-mentioned non-slip protrusions 15 are of a standard size having almost the same height and width as shown in the above three examples. However, an anti-slip projection 16 having a larger height and width may be provided on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures (FIG. 7), and a smaller anti-slip projection 17 may be provided. It is also possible to provide a mixture of non-slip protrusions 16 and 17 (FIG. 8). It has already been described that the protrusion-shaped anti-slip can have a discontinuous or point-like form on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures. In this case, the protrusion-shaped anti-slip has a diameter of about 0.8 mm, and the desired anti-slip effect is exhibited by arranging them in a dotted line. These non-slip protrusions can be arranged so as to have the geometric distribution (planar shape) already described, or can be arranged so as to have a non-geometric distribution (planar shape).

  Next, means and a method for forming the anti-slip projection having the above-described structure on the surface of the iron cover for underground structures will be described. FIG. 9 shows an example of an arc melting and building apparatus used in the present invention, in which 21 is a projection forming material, that is, a filler rod (core material), 22 is a metal base material, and a part of the iron lid 10 described above. It is. The power supply device 20 has a built-in pulse control device 25, the melt bar 21 is connected to one electrode 23 of the power supply device 20, the side of the metal base material 22 is connected to the other electrode 24, and the two electrodes are connected. Melting is caused by the generated arc discharge, and a projection forming material is implanted. It is desirable that an AC power supply of 100 V or 200 V can be used for the power supply device 20, and this is energized between both electrodes in a pulse form of 0.8 to 2.5 amps and 20 to 2000 hertz.

  When the arc melting and building apparatus is operated, the arc generated between the filler bar 21 and the metal base material 22 is sustained by the pulse current supplied from the power supply device 20, and at the same time the melt bar 21 is melted, the metal base metal is melted. The material 22 is also melted, and a molten metal 27 is formed in a pile shape. At this time, since the molten metal 27 is covered with an inert gas 26 such as argon (Ar) gas and the intrusion of the atmosphere is prevented, the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the molten portion are maintained in a desired state. It is. In addition, the molten metal 27 is integrated with the metal base material 22 that is simultaneously melted, and is implanted in the surface as if the roots 28 are grown, and the heat input during this period is remarkably small. It can be fixed as a protrusion-shaped slip stopper without causing substantial thermal deformation of the iron lid. Next, an experiment for forming the anti-slip protrusion and confirming the anti-slip effect was performed as described above, and this will be described as an example.

  A nickel alloy, which is a projection forming material, is used as a filler rod, and an iron lid made of ductile cast iron FCD-700 is used as a metal base material, and these and an arc melting build-up device (Techno Coat's discharge coating and build-up device, model 500) Are connected to each other in the form of a pulse of 2.5 amperes and 2000 Hz using an AC 100V power supply, and the height is about 0.8 mm, the width is about 0.8 mm, and the length is about 20 mm and a density of about 5 mm per square centimeter were arranged in a broken line shape and arranged in a grid pattern at regular intervals of about 30 mm in length and width to form a non-slip projection I having a geometric distribution form.

Using the same filler rod and iron lid as in Example 1 and using the same arc melting and overlaying apparatus (Technocoat Inc. discharge coating and overlaying apparatus, model 500), using an AC100V power source,
A current of 2.5 Ampere and 2000 Hertz is applied between both electrodes, and the height is about 0.8mm, the width is about 0.8mm, and the length is about 5mm at a density of about 2.5mm per square centimeter. Arranged in a broken line shape and arranged in a grid pattern at regular intervals of about 15 mm in length and width to form anti-slip protrusions II having a geometric distribution form.

  Regarding the anti-slip protrusions I and II prepared in Examples 1 and 2, C.I. S. The slip resistance test (OY-PSM) of Ono Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, which conforms to R, was performed to perform the slip resistance test. As a result, 0.62 was obtained for the anti-slip protrusion I and 0.69 was obtained for the anti-slip protrusion II. All of these numerical values exceed the standard 0.4 of the slip resistance coefficient, which is a criterion for human walking, and achieve the desired effect.

  The anti-slip protrusions I and II prepared in Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to an anti-slip test (BPN) using an English-style portable (skid resistance) tester according to ASTM E303 (wet). As a result, numerical values of 47 for the non-slip protrusion I and 52 for the anti-slip protrusion II were obtained. All of these numerical values exceed the standard 45 of the slip resistance value that is a criterion for the tire, and it can be seen that the desired effect is achieved.

  In this way, in the present invention, the surface of the molten iron lids of underground structures including iron lids produced by casting and those made of different iron plates is used as a metal base material, so that practical thermal deformation occurs there. The anti-slip structure can be fixed without causing the anti-slip structure to be added almost independently of the pattern on the iron lid surface where irregularities are formed during casting. There is no inconvenience. When the above-mentioned model made by Technocoat or a portable device having the same effect is used as the arc melting and overlaying device, it can be applied to the existing iron lids at the site where it is installed. .

In addition, within the range of the planar distribution form and density clarified by the experiment, the pattern of the build-up, that is, the pattern to be provided on the surface of the iron lid, other than the lattice shape, for example, a radial shape or a concentric shape, etc. It can be geometric or other non-geometric forms. In addition, although it is a non-slip protrusion having a height of about 0.8 mm, it is inevitable that variations in height can be made due to the nature of the technique of arc melting build-up, and the same applies to the width or diameter. It should be understood that the minimum value is 0.5 mm and the maximum value is 1.0 mm. In some cases, the value may be below or above this.

The partial top view which shows Example 1 of the anti-slip | slipping protrusion in the iron lid | cover for underground structures which concerns on this invention. The partially expanded sectional view of the thing of FIG. The partial top view which shows the example 2 of the protrusion which similarly concerns on this invention. FIG. The partial top view which shows the example 3 of the protrusion which similarly concerns on this invention. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 5. Sectional drawing which shows the example of a larger slip prevention protrusion. Sectional drawing which shows the example of mixing of larger and smaller anti-slip protrusions. Sectional drawing which shows an example of the arc fusion build-up apparatus used in this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Iron cover 11 Concave part 12 Convex part 13 Slightly wide plane part 15 Anti-slip protrusion 16 Larger anti-slip protrusion 17 Smaller anti-slip protrusion 20 Power supply device 21 Filler rod (projection forming material)
22 Metal matrix (iron lid)
23 One electrode 24 The other electrode 25 Pulse control device 26 Inert gas 27 Molten metal 28 Root

Claims (5)

In the anti-slip projections that produce frictional resistance on the means of passage including the pedestrian soles and automobile tires, processed on the surface of iron covers for underground structures,
By melting the contact portion between the projection forming material having weather resistance and wear resistance and the iron lid for underground structure by instantaneous heating, and implanting the projection forming material on the surface of the iron lid for underground structure, It is formed by fixing a protruding slip stopper without causing substantial thermal deformation of the iron cover for underground structures. As a protruding slip stopper, the height from the surface of the iron cover for underground structures Are arranged with a continuous or non-continuous planar distribution form, and are in contact with the surface of the iron lids for underground structures, tires of pedestrians and automobiles An anti-slip protrusion in an iron lid for an underground structure, wherein a protrusion-shaped anti-slip bites into the passage means including the above and generates an appropriate frictional resistance. The protrusion-shaped anti-slip has a linear form having a width of 0.5 to 1.0 mm or a diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 mm on the surface of the iron lid for underground structures. An anti-slip protrusion in an iron cover for an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein said protrusion is disposed on the surface of the iron cover for an underground structure at a density of about 2 mm per square centimeter or more. . 2. The anti-slip protrusion in the iron cover for underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion-shaped anti-slip is arranged with a geometrical or non-geometric distribution on the surface of the iron cover for underground structure. The anti-slip protrusion in the iron lid for an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protrusion forming material includes at least one of Co, Ni, W, and ceramic. The projection forming material side is connected to one electrode, the iron lid for underground structure is connected to the other electrode, and the projection forming material and the iron lid for underground structure are discharged by the discharge generated between both electrodes. In the iron lids for underground structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein melting is caused by pulse heating on the surface of the steel structure, and a part of the protrusion forming material is implanted on the surface of the iron lids for underground structures. Non-slip protrusion.

Images