EP2900587A1 - Turmdrehkran - Google Patents
TurmdrehkranInfo
- Publication number
- EP2900587A1 EP2900587A1 EP13737132.4A EP13737132A EP2900587A1 EP 2900587 A1 EP2900587 A1 EP 2900587A1 EP 13737132 A EP13737132 A EP 13737132A EP 2900587 A1 EP2900587 A1 EP 2900587A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tower
- climbing
- substructure
- crane according
- tower crane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tower crane with a tower, which is rotatably mounted on a supported on the ground base and carries a boom, wherein the tower and / or the boom are braced by a guy.
- the invention relates to a so-called tower-type tower crane in which the tower is mounted on a revolving platform which is rotatably mounted about an upright axle on the substructure and carries a preferably adjustable boom.
- top-slewing tower cranes with a jib or jib, which operate on a standing tower and can be rotated relative to the tower around the longitudinal axis of the tower.
- the tower usually stands on an undercarriage with central ballast or on foundation anchors. Freestanding these cranes without Turmabhard but limited in height.
- bottom-slewing tower cranes which can be designed as a mobile crane, lattice boom crane with luffing or tower crane with an adjustable boom.
- the tower carrying the boom here is itself rotatable about an upright axis and stands on a revolving platform which is rotatably mounted about the said upright axle on a substructure or undercarriage.
- Such cranes usually have a bracing of the boom and / or the tower to the revolving stage, in order to stabilize the boom or the tower in addition and thereby achieve greater hook heights in freestanding crane.
- UntenFE tower cranes with adjustable boom is that the crane is constructed at low hook height and then increased or extended depending on the required hook height of the tower can be climbed by tower pieces in the tower. The required mounting surface is very small.
- the service life of the cranes is very short.
- the operating time of the cranes is only 2-3 weeks, depending on the size of the wind turbine. This means that the time for the assembly and disassembly and the transport of the crane from one location to the next must be kept small, which can only be achieved with convenient assembly handling and easy-to-handle transport logistics.
- the assembly and disassembly should only take 2-3 days for such applications. Transportation should be possible with standard trucks.
- the adjustable bracing for the adjustable boom or for the tower so far difficult to assemble or disassemble, since the often multiple Einscherept for the guy ropes must be inserted and removed.
- the climbing device for climbing the tower pieces delayed in sub-rotators tower cranes assembly or disassembly and transport.
- the present invention seeks to provide an improved tower crane of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter further advantageously.
- a cost-effective turret tower crane is to be created, which can be assembled and disassembled and thus ready for use with minimal assembly handling in a very short time and whose transport dimensions and weights of its parts do not require any special transport.
- the substructure is composed of a plurality of substructure girders, each forming a container freight item. Due to the modular structure of the substructure of container cargo modules forming the substructure can be easily transported on conventional container trucks, wherein the container freight pieces forming substructure are advantageously such that not only the maximum permissible vehicle width, but also the permissible transport weights or Axle loads are respected.
- said container cargo pieces themselves form a container unit which can be stacked or connected in a manner known per se with other standard containers.
- each of the above-mentioned substructure carriers can each be provided on the front side with container containers which are compatible with standard containers and can be designed with regard to its dimensions that the dimensions applicable to standard containers are complied with.
- the invention can be provided in an advantageous development that a transport frame can be connected to the substructure supports at the front ends, for example by attachment to frontal coupling pieces, which can be provided on the substructure support the said transport frame each have container containers compatible with standard containers.
- a substructure can be converted by attaching two frontal transport frame to a container unit, which can then be transported in a conventional manner on a conventional container truck or moved with other container handling means.
- Such a convertibility to container units by the attachment of transport frame may be particularly advantageous if a substructure is composed of several pieces, for example, to be able to provide a standard container dimensions bordering sub-contractors.
- the connecting or coupling elements by means of which two sub-carrier parts can be assembled and rigidly connected to each other, can be used simultaneously to install a said transport frame.
- the container connection pieces are attached or integrated into the edge-side or end-side end sections of the substructure support itself, the disassembly and loading and thus the transport process can be accelerated once again since the installation of separate transport frames is eliminated.
- the substructure consists of only three substructure girders, namely two longitudinal girders and a crossbeam connecting the longitudinal girders, each of which forms a container unit or can be loaded in the manner mentioned as a container unit.
- the entire substructure can be transported by only three container trucks.
- the connection between the cross member and the two side members can advantageously be done by bolts, which are advantageously hydraulically inserted and pulled, but optionally also driven in another way or can be manually switched on and knocked out.
- Additional equipment, attachments or functional components of the crane can be advantageously attached to the substructure supports mentioned.
- the invention can be installed in one of the substructure, in particular in one of the longitudinal members, for example, a power unit for powering the crane and / or a hydraulic unit for actuating the locks or Verbolzonne in the substructure and / or substructure supports.
- a rotary drive for rotating the seated on the base turntable may be installed in said substructure or in another substructure, in particular the said cross member, optionally also a divisible turntable, which is connected via bolts or screws to the revolving stage, can be provided on the substructure.
- the substructure girders in particular the mentioned longitudinal girders, may be provided with bottom supports which can be retracted and extended between an extended working position and a retracted transport position located within the container freight item dimensions, wherein said bottom support preferably adjoins or projects into the substructure support at the front side retractable and movable away from it again end plate comprises, which forms a support plate, the end face in the transporting position end face plate and supported in the extended working position the substructure support on the ground.
- the said floor support can basically be articulated in different ways to the substructure support or be movable relative thereto.
- the ground support can pivotally attached to the bottom may be articulated, wherein advantageously an adjusting mechanism or a Abstützstellantriebvorraum may be provided by means of which or by means of which the ground support is automatically retractable and extendable and the sub-contractor can be leveled.
- an adjusting mechanism or a Abstützstellantriebvorraum may be provided by means of which or by means of which the ground support is automatically retractable and extendable and the sub-contractor can be leveled.
- a pivoting suspension and associated pivot drive the frontal folding can be accomplished to the substructure and leveling done by means of a translationally displaceable mounting on said swivel linkage and an associated leveling drive.
- the substructure can be coupled with a vehicle or a drive car in an advantageous development of the invention, preferably such that the substructure can be placed on the traction drive and from this raised from the ground is movable, so to speak, to be transported piggyback.
- the substructure for this purpose may have a total bridge-like structure, so that the transport vehicle, in particular a transport caterpillar, for moving the substructure under a spaced-apart from the bottom bridge part of the substructure is retractable.
- the aforementioned bridge part which may be formed in particular by the aforementioned cross member of the substructure, which connects the two side members together, is in particular in the ground supported state of the substructure spaced from the ground so far that said dolly is retractable below, wherein the Dolly with the base can be releasably rigidly connected, for example, can be bolted.
- a height-adjustable transport vehicle can be used, for example, a transport caterpillar with liftable and lowerable caterpillars.
- the retraction under the bridge part and the release of the substructure from the ground can also be done by the aforementioned height-adjustable ground support, which it achieved by height adjustment of the ground support allows to move in with the trolley under the bridge part, then by lowering, ie relative to the substructure to move up the ground support to sell the bridge part on the trolley and to achieve the necessary ground clearance by further upward driving the ground support.
- the ground support can be moved down so far that said bridge part of the substructure is lifted from the trolley upwards.
- the substructure of the substructure may be formed in an advantageous embodiment of the invention as a truss. As a result, a low weight can be achieved with the highest strength, which allows a road transport with conventional container trucks.
- the bracing of the tower and / or the jib of the crane is designed such that the bracing or at least substantial parts thereof can remain on the crane during transport ,
- the bracing is designed such that a guy rope does not have to be threaded out of the burglar bottles in order to be able to transport the crane.
- the bracing comprises at least one adjustable, single or multiple reeved bracing member having at at least one end of the bracing member a releasable from the guyed crane part Einscher bottle means, wherein a storage drum is provided for winding and storing the guy rope with dissolved bottle device, which storage drum a tower or boom part is arranged, on which the detachable bottle device opposite end of the guy rope and / or is deflected.
- said adjustable abutment part may comprise on one side a detachable, for example abolzba- ren bottle block, while the corresponding corresponding bottle block remains on another boom or tower part, on which a storage drum is arranged to the guy rope, by the Loosening the bottle block itself would flabby, to be able to wind up.
- the guy rope can be stowed for transport, without threading out the reeving or having to shear out the guy rope.
- the guy rope does not have to be laboriously threaded into the bottles of the reeving.
- the adjustable bracing can in this case basically be designed differently, for example, a separate boom bracing can be provided for the boom and a separate tower bracing for the tower.
- the bracing for the adjustable boom can also be connected to the Turmabschreib, so that the forces are introduced from the boom bracing in the Turmabschreib and a load-dependent Turmabschreib is achieved.
- a load-dependent force in the tower bracing there is a varying, load-dependent force in the tower bracing.
- a separation point between the cranes connected tower and Auslegerabworkingen provided, in particular in the area of a counter jib and / or in the area between a spire and a counter-jib .
- the end points of the connecting guy ropes can be advantageously attached to the disassembly on separate, possibly pivotable support arms, one of which is mounted on the tower top and the other on the counter-jib, so that for the transport state of the end point of the boom guy rope to the spire and the end point the Turmabspannseiles can be performed to the counter-jib.
- the tensioning part forming the boom bracing can comprise a shear-off bottle device detachable from the boom, wherein the aforementioned storage drum can be arranged for storing the guy rope with the bottle device loosened for transport to a tower part, in particular the tower top. Accordingly, the guy rope of the Boom guy on the storage drum on the tower part or the spire are reeled up when the boom is broken off from the boom bracing.
- a Ausfädeln from the Einscherung or Einscher bottle device is not necessary for this.
- the tensioning part forming the tower bracing can in an advantageous development of the invention comprise a bottle device which can be detached from a revolving platform, so that the turret tensioning cable can be wound upwards when the revolving platform bottle is released.
- the storage drum provided for this purpose can be arranged on the counter-jib or a tower upper part, from which the counter-jib goes off.
- the end of the tower guy rope separate from the service guy rope can be attached to said storage drum.
- the storage drum for winding the Turmzugspannseils be formed by the Turmabspann-adjusting, which advantageously in the region of the counter-jib and / or on an upper tower part, from which the counter-jibs, can be arranged.
- the storage drum or Turmabspanntrommel keeps the Turmzugspannseil thus not only in the transport state, but also in the normal operating condition of the tower crane and allows it especially when connected tower and boom bracing to keep the Turmabspannseil in the desired length.
- Turmabspannseil remains in the sheared state when it is wound for transport on said storage drum or Turmabspanntrommel.
- the separate from the boom guy rope end of Turmzugspannseils can be easily struck on the counter-jib.
- the arrangement of the hoisting rope or its shearing is such that the hoist rope can remain in the state of transport of the crane in the sheared state.
- the hoist rope which can run off in a conventional manner single or multiple sheared from the jib tip can be struck in the intended operating condition of the crane with one end on the boom or there provided Einscherblock, while the other end on the boom and the tower for Tower foot or there or provided on the revolving hoist winch can be performed.
- the invention can be provided in an advantageous development that the end of the hoisting rope attached to the jib part or the cutting block can be loosened and fastened to a storage drum which is provided on said jib part is, from which the hoist rope runs off.
- the hoist rope is released from the hoist winch arranged on the revolving platform or another suitable location, so that the hoist rope can be rewound from the hoist drum to the said storage reel at the boom tip.
- a climbing device for climbing tower pieces in the tower is provided on a tower guide part, in which the tower pieces are inserted is arranged and has an approximately parallel to the tower longitudinal axis and retractable climbing shield which is tiltably mounted about a tilting axis of the tower guide part such that the climbing shield on the tower is tilted away to and from the tower to with / from einkletternden tower piece in and to be disengaged.
- the climbing shield can by cyclically tipping back and forth and up the respective climbing tower piece stepwise or push piece by piece up until the respective tower piece is completely climbed up or is space for a new, civilbiebendes tower piece.
- the climbing shield can be tilted or folded onto the tower section, so that the climbing wall can be tilted. terschild is in positive engagement with the tower section to then drive the climbing shield and thus the tower piece a bit up, then tipping the climbing shield down to drive down and back to the tower piece to perform the process again cyclically.
- the climbing device has in development of the invention, at least one Auflageraste for holding the tower piece at weggekipptem climbing shield, which can be advantageously designed as a rocker pivotally mounted about the same tilt axis as the climbing shield and the tower piece can be brought into engagement.
- a plurality of such Auflagerasten can be provided, which are advantageously mounted pivotably about the common tilting axis.
- the above Aufastasten each move into its engaged position when the climbing shield reaches its intended upper end position and approaches this, where appropriate, the climbing shield after snapping the Auflagerasten can be moved back a little way down to settle the tower piece so to speak on the Auflagerasten and only then tip over to continue down. If the climbing shield grips the tower section again and pushes it upwards a further distance, the aforementioned support buttons move into an out of engagement position so that the tower section can travel upwards a bit further.
- the abovementioned support keys and the climbing shield engage the same engagement contours on the tower section, so that no two-sided engagement contours for the climbing shield and the support buttons are to be provided on the tower sections.
- the latter would in principle also be possible, ie separate engagement contours for the support button and separate engagement contours for the climbing shield, which can be best adapted to their respective task.
- a simple structuring of the tower pieces grab the Auflagerasten for holding the tower pieces in weggewiltip the climbing piece on the same engagement contours of the tower piece as the climbing shield itself.
- the aforementioned engagement contours can in principle be designed differently, wherein they preferably act positively in the manner of a stop.
- the tower pieces may have on adjacent corner posts, in particular on the facing inner sides, engagement contours for the climbing board or the Auflagerasten, which are arranged in the tower longitudinal direction grid-like spaced from each other in order to climb the tower pieces stepwise upwards.
- the aforementioned engagement contours may be in particular stepped recesses and / or projections, wherein in an advantageous embodiment of the invention may be provided on the Eckstielinnenfiting engagement cam.
- the climbing shield can be moved up and down by means of at least one pressure medium cylinder which is advantageously rigidly connected to the climbing shield and tiltable together with the climbing shield around said tilting axis.
- a single, preferably acting centrally on the climbing shield pressure cylinder be provided, which may be provided in a further development of the invention advantageously also two or more pressure cylinder, the arrangement can be made in particular such that the pressure cylinder attack laterally right and left on the climbing shield and are rigidly connected to the climbing shield, so that the pressure medium cylinder together with the climbing shield form a jointly tiltable unit, which allows by moving in and out of the pressure medium cylinder up and down the climbing shield.
- said at least one pressure medium cylinder with its cylinder unit can be pivotably mounted on the tower guide piece about the aforementioned tilt axis of the climbing device, while the piston rod engages said climbing shield.
- a Stellaktor in the region of the collar of the pivotally mounted cylinder part, in particular with a longitudinal axis of the pressure medium cylinder unit transverse axis of action, so that the pressure medium cylinder unit are tilted back and forth about the tilt axis together with the attached climbing wall can.
- the said Stellaktor can basically be designed differently, for example a cable or a threaded spindle drive.
- the Stellaktor may be a preferably two-fold pressure cylinder, the pressure fluid actuated on and can be extended and attack on the one hand on the tower guide piece and on the other hand on the collar of the pressure cylinder for pushing out the climbing shield or a tipping bearing part associated with it.
- the arrangement is in this case made such that the pressure medium cylinder act substantially parallel to the tower longitudinal axis, in particular more or less directly on the outside of the respective tower section.
- the said tilting axis can extend transversely to the longitudinal axis of the tower substantially directly on the outside of the tower section to be climbed, so that the pressure medium cylinders are subjected essentially exclusively to pressure or tension, but not to bending.
- the tower pieces of the tower are advantageously connected to one another by plug connections with each other, wherein the connectors can advantageously comprise retractable in the corner posts of the tower pieces locking pins.
- each tower piece at one end of the corner stems frontally projecting Einsteckbolzen include, while at the opposite end of the corner stems include insertion, which are fitted precisely to the locking pin.
- one of two tower pieces to be connected to one another can be inserted with said locking pins into the end-side recesses or the interior of the corner stems of the other tower section.
- said connectors comprise a locking device to lock the connectors in the insertion direction.
- advantageously transverse locking bolts can be provided, which are retractable transversely to the longitudinal direction of the corner handles in the corner handles and plug-in pins inserted therein.
- the mentioned transverse locking bolts can basically be actuated manually, but in an advantageous development of the invention, it can be activated and retracted by a third-party.
- the drive device for retracting and extending the transverse locking bolt can basically be designed differently, wherein in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a pressure medium actuator may be provided in particular in the form of a hydraulic press, which can extend and retract the transverse locking pin.
- mobile tower support elements are provided which can be advantageously designed in the form of pivoting levers in order to be able to be pivoted from a climbing position, in which the said support element are positioned outside the envelope contour of the tower pieces explicitlykletternden in a support position in which the support element lie under the corner posts of the tower and / or within the envelope contour of the tower.
- the support elements can in this case be designed such that they are in the support position referred to two Support cross struts of the tower guide piece, which cross struts depart from a respective corner post of the tower guide piece, so that the respective support member so to speak, the corner of the tower section cuts off or bridged and supported on both sides.
- a plug connection can be provided between said supporting elements and the corner posts of the last clambered tower section, in particular such that locking pins provided on the supporting elements enter the end-side recesses of the corner posts, for example such that the climbing device after pivoting the support elements, the tower a bit far away.
- said plug-in connection between the support elements and corner posts of the last tower section can be locked by a locking device.
- the aforementioned cross-locking bolts can be used for this purpose, by means of which two tower pieces are locked together.
- the transverse locking bolts on the bottom tower section travel transversely to the corner post longitudinal direction into the corner posts and the plug pins of the supporting elements inserted therein, so that the tower is securely locked on the tower guide piece.
- the tower in the tower guide piece is also guided laterally against tilting, advantageously provided at the edge of the tower guide piece sliding guide elements, on the one hand up or down pushing the tower pieces when climbing on the other hand, support the tower in crane operation transverse to the tower longitudinal axis on the tower guide piece.
- a feed preferably hanging on the revolving platform of the crane and / or the tower guide piece are attached, which supply part extends in the intended operating position under the downwardly open tower guide piece.
- Said feed piece can in this case comprise a carriageway transversely to the longitudinal direction of the door and a transport carriage movable thereon, by means of which a tower section can be conveniently and precisely retracted under the tower guide piece, from where the tower section can then be clamped by the above-described climbing device.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a tower turn tower crane with adjustable boom in the described performance size
- Fig. 2 the crane of Fig. 1 in the smallest construction height. From this height, the crane can build itself,
- Fig. 3 the necessary transport volume and transport weight of such
- Fig. 4 the crane in the basic structure in conjunction with a transport caterpillar for
- FIG. 5 shows the crane substructure, consisting of only three containers, which are assembled with hydraulically swiveling outriggers,
- FIG. 12 the boom adjustment cable insertion in crane operation
- FIG. 13 shows the storage of the boom adjustment cable on a storage drum for transport as a complete unit with the spire
- FIG. 17 shows essentially the same design as FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, only without a traveling roller and thus with a larger cable winding angle
- FIG. 18 shows essentially the same design as FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, only without a traveling roller and thus with a larger cable winding angle
- 19 the crane base with revolving platform and tower guide piece for the attachment of the device for climbing tower pieces
- Fig. 20 the means for introducing the tower pieces with roadway
- Transport trolley for attachment to the revolving stage or to the substructure for the climbing process
- FIG. 21 shows the device attached to the revolving platform or substructure, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 a tower section in the retracted position for the climbing process
- FIG. 23 an already bolted tower piece being climbed
- FIG. 24 another tower piece on the transport carriage for entering for a further climbing process
- 25 shows the tower bolt connection, consisting of pin and housing with hydraulic bolt slide unit
- Fig. 26 the pivotable pins for the tower support in crane operation with locking in the swung-out state when climbing the tower,
- FIG. 27 the pivotable pins for the tower support in crane operation with locking in the pivoted state before setting down the tower
- FIG. 28 the pivotable pins for the tower support in crane operation with locking after setting down the tower
- Fig. 32 the side view of the climbing unit with climbing shield, hydraulic presses and support flaps, and hydraulic press for the on and Ausschwenkvorgang the climbing unit, and
- Hydraulic cylinder for the climbing shield and support brackets in a side view in the direction of the tilt axis of the climbing device, wherein the partial views (a) - (e) show a climbing cycle with up and down and swinging back and forth of the climbing shield.
- FIG. 1 shows the crane in a possible built-up state with substructure 1, a revolving platform 2 constructed thereon with a container constructed transversely on the revolving platform, which contains the drives hoist winch 3 and boom adjusting hoist 4, as well as a part of the switchgear 5. Furthermore, a divisible rotary joint between the base 1 and the turntable 2 is arranged, as well as the rotating mechanisms 6. With the revolving stage, the tower guide piece 7, in which the climbing device is connected.
- the crane With a small mobile crane, the crane is set up to a basic construction height, see Fig. 2. Starting from this position, the crane tower can be climbed by climbing in pieces of tower 8 to its required operating height. At the upper end of the tower is a Ansch Georgia 9, to which the spire 10, the boom 11 and the counter-jib 12 are attached. The counter-jib 12 is guyed to the tower top 13. The boom is adjusted by a cable shearing 14 by the Auslegerverstellwinde 4. The rope end 32 from the adjusting cable 27 is coupled with the cable end 33 of the Turmzugspannseiles 28. This results in a statically advantageous load-dependent Turmabhard, see Fig. 8.
- the Turmabrien to the revolving stage can also be designed as Y-bracing, thereby obtaining an even better lateral stabilization of the tower.
- the turret winch 16 is arranged on the counterjib 12 for transport reasons for maintaining the rope lintel. In the case of parallel multiple cable shunting between counter-jib and revolving platform, the necessary rope length for all tower heights is stored on the drum. For transporting the rope bottle 17 is released from the turntable 2 and the rope wound on the drum of Turmabspannwinde 16 until the rope bottle rests against the counter-jib and, if necessary, is attached.
- bracing is designed as Y-bracing
- rope drums are used with coupled or separate drive with two separate ropes, emanating from the center of the counter jib in the direction of the boom and at an expanding angle from the counter jib to the pulleys on the outsides of the transverse run on the turntable constructed drive container and continue to be led back to the fixed point on the counter-jib.
- the Y-brace can be designed as a single or multiple rope shearing and, if necessary, can be coupled to the boom bracing for static reasons.
- Fig. 4 shows the crane with low hook height on substructure in conjunction with a caterpillar 18.
- a transport crawler is advantageous if the local soil and terrain conditions allow. With a transport crawler, the transfer from one investment to the next is max. possible in one day. Without a caterpillar, it takes about 4 to 5 days to dismantle, transport and rebuild the crane.
- the crane is lowered to the smallest hook / tower height and a part of the counterweight is removed from the revolving platform to reduce the transport weight and to obtain a high level of stability during transport due to a low center of gravity of the crane.
- the transport caterpillar can be moved independently by its own generator set and, for example, can be equipped with a platform and used to transport the tower sections and counterweight plates.
- the crawler For the transport of the crane, the crawler is moved under the substructure 1 and hydraulically connected with bolts. Retracting the hydraulic crane support transfers the crane to the caterpillar and transfers it to the next site. After ballasting and climbing in necessary tower sections, the crane is ready for use again.
- the caterpillar can be used for other cranes when several of them are in use in the wind farm.
- Fig. 5, 6 and 7 show the substructure of the crane. 5 shows the substructure in 3D representation in the assembled operational state.
- the substructure is assembled from only three containers 19, 20 and 21.
- the power unit 22 is installed for the complete power supply of the crane, as well as the hydraulic unit 25 for all interlocks in the substructure area and for the hydraulic substructure supports, which are hydraulically swung out of the ends of the side members.
- the substructure middle part are the slewing drives, as well as the divisible turntable, which is connected via bolts to the revolving stage.
- FIG. 6 shows the support container 19 with the hydraulic swing-out support 23 and the support cylinder 24. All containers comply with the permitted ISO container dimensions, weights and integrated corner castings.
- Fig. 7 shows the supporting process of the support container in four stages.
- Stage 1 Transport position of the container 19. The support is swung in and locked.
- Stage 2 container 19, start of swing-out operation of the support via power-assisted swing mechanism 23 (e.g., electric spindle, hydraulic press, etc.).
- Stage 3 shows the container 19 fully swung with support and the pivoting mechanism 23 is locked.
- Stage 4 shows container 19, this is to obtain a vertical axis of rotation of the crane, leveled by the support cylinder 24.
- the leveling process can also be done automatically by a leveling device.
- a significant advantage of this invention is that a solution has been found which offers an excellent advantage for assembly and disassembly, that does not require shearing and repeated shearing of the ropes.
- FIG. 8 gives a schematic overview of the various cables and their course through the crane construction, which will be described individually below.
- the hoist rope 26 extends from the hoist drum 3 on the revolving platform 2 via the counter-jib 12 to the tower top 10 and on to the jib tip 11, load hook 34 and load hook insertion 29 with fixed point 31 as a thimble on the jib tip.
- An advantageous possibility of the installation and removal of the rope is that a motor or manually driven storage drum 35 is fixedly arranged in the region of the cantilever tip (see Fig. 10).
- the load hook 34 is first moved to the boom tip and fastened there and bolted over tabs or tethers.
- boom tip, load hook and storage drum with hoist rope are a transport unit (see Fig. 11).
- the rope end with thimble 31 is released from the cantilever tip 11a and fixed to the storage drum 35 (see FIG. 11). Thereafter, the hoist rope 26 is rewound from the hoist drum 3 to the storage drum 35, but the load hook remains reeved and the rope end of the hoist drum is fastened before reaching the load hemming. This possibility is a faster installation and removal of the rope, as well as protection against contamination and rope damage.
- the control of the storage drum is advantageously carried out directly in their vicinity.
- the boom adjustment cable 27 extends from the adjusting winch 4 on the rotary platform 2 to the counter-jib 12 on to the tower top 10 and then into the adjustment cable recess 14 between the jib and the tower top.
- the rope end runs over the top of the tower and is coupled to the rope end 32 of the Turmabspannseiles 28, see description of Turmabspannseilverlaufs.
- the rope end is released from the Auslegerverstellwinde, rewound on the auxiliary drum and secured before reaching the retracted pulley the Verstelleinscherung 14 in the spire. This rewinding can be done without Einziehseil only by manual guidance of the rope.
- the transport state is shown in FIG. 14.
- the storage drum is controlled directly in the vicinity of the drum.
- FIG. 15 and FIG. 17 differ only in that in FIG. 15 the turret winch 16 is arranged so that the rope length is substantially longer until the beginning of the tenter rope insertion 30 than in FIG. 17. This results in smaller deflection angles to the cable drum of the Turmabspannwinde 16, if this is necessary for the Seilspulung. But a traveling role for the cable guide 36 must be installed.
- the Turmabspannseileinscherung 30 remains severed during disassembly and must not be removed.
- Turmabspannwinde 16 comes on top of the counter-jib 12 is used.
- the Turmabspannseileinscherung 30 extends from the Turmabspannwinde 16 in a pulley of the guy rope 30 between pulley block 37 on the counter-arm 12 and turntable 2.
- On the turntable is a rope bottle 17, which can be tobolt from the revolving stage.
- a compact transport unit consisting of counter-jib 12, Turmabspannwinde 16, tower tensioning cord insertion 30 with rope bottle 17, see transport units, FIGS. 16 and 18.
- the end point 33 of the Turmabspannseiles is in the range of the counter jib and can be connected to the end point 32 of the Auslegerverstellseiles that runs over the spire 10, for crane operation. Both end points can be mounted for disassembly on separately pivotable additional support arms, one of which is mounted on the tower spars and the other on the counter-jib, so that for the transport state, the end point of Auslegerverstellseiles to the spire and the end of the Turmzugspannseiles can be pivoted to the counter-jib ,
- the bottom-slewing tower crane has the great advantage that the insert height is variable by the ability to climb tower pieces. Starting from the smallest assembly height, see Fig. 2, with a tower piece, the crane can e.g. be climbed to the height of Fig. 1. In order to enable this quickly, easily and without much handling there is a device for the introduction and climbing of the tower pieces. The introduction of the tower sections is described in FIGS. 19 to 24
- 19 shows the area of the crane with substructure 1, revolving platform 2, tower guide piece 7 with climbing device and tower element 8.
- 20 shows the device for the introduction of the tower sections, consisting of the carriageway 43 transport carriage 44 for retracting the tower sections 8, the bracket 45 for attachment to the revolving platform 2 or to the substructure 1 with a bracing 46.
- Fig. 21 shows the attached device, which is ground-independent and thus ground-independent.
- the trolley 44 has a drive for moving the tower pieces.
- the tower section 8 is centered on the trolley 44 centered on congruent position to the tower or already climbed tower section.
- Fig. 22 shows the congruent position of the retracted tower piece to the tower or already Wegeklettertem tower section 8. In this position, the tower 8 moves off via hydraulic presses until it rests on the tower section. The tower section is positively connected.
- Fig. 23 shows the tower 8, which now lifts off the carriage 44 and climbs up until there is enough free space to put another tower section 8 on the carriage 44.
- Fig. 24 shows the trolley 44, which has been moved back to the receiving position to receive another tower piece and retract this.
- the four bolts 47 are usually arranged diagonally opposite each other in a parallel direction rotated by 90 ° in order to center the tower pieces relative to one another and to avoid their displacement on the bolt when the tower torque occurs.
- the bolts 47 are pushed in each case via a hydraulic press 48 and pulled to achieve a quick connection or release.
- the tower section connecting pins 49 are located at the top and the housings 50 are located at the bottom. This facilitates the lowermost tower piece locking via pivotable pins 56 on the tower guide piece 7.
- the pivotable pins 56 are shown in FIGS. 26 and 27.
- the non-detachable pin connection 51 to the corner post 52 is expediently formed with two pins 53 for centering the pin 49.
- a bolt is sufficient for locking.
- the tower guide piece 7 of the tower 8 is guided (see Fig. 24). This can be done via the corners of the corner posts 52 in the upper frame 54 and lower frame 55 of the tower guide piece 7 (see Fig. 29).
- the guide not shown, can be done as a slide or guide rollers. Are all tower pieces 8 clamped, the tower on the lower guide frame 55 on pivoting pins 56, which are swung out during the Turm Communityklettervorganges set and bolted.
- FIG. 26 shows the swung-out pins 56.
- FIG. 27 shows the pivoted four pins 56.
- FIG. 28 shows the attached tower 8 with the hydraulic presses 48 for locking the tower bolts 47.
- the climbing process will thus be hydraulic with one or more presses, depending on the space required by the presses.
- the climbing device in the tower guide piece 7 is due to the center of gravity of the weight to be climbed conveniently on the boom side of the tower, done in the vicinity of the center of gravity to obtain low tower torques and so facilitate the climbing process by low lateral load.
- the climbing device is arranged between the tower guide piece 7 and tower 8 and executed as an example because of low space requirement with two hydraulic presses 57, it could also be climbed with a centrally located hydraulic press.
- Figs. 29 to 32 show the upstanding piston rods of the hydraulic presses 57 are connected to a climbing shield 58 to each other.
- the climbing shield 58 engages inside the Eckstiel 52 lying climbing cam 59 and the climbing shield has additional supports 60, which are supported on the corner post 52 and thus establish a fixed connection to the tower section 8.
- the hydraulic presses are parallel to the tower section and can thus be extended and retracted.
- the hydraulic press unit is rotatably mounted with the press foot at the lower bearing point 61. Around this fulcrum, the entire climbing unit is pivoted in and out with an additional hydraulic press 62 for the climbing process.
- To settle the tower for the next Climbing step are two flaps used. These flaps are mounted on the same axis of rotation of the press 57. This system makes climbing and dismounting easy.
- the climbing process is as follows:
- the complete climbing device consisting of hydraulic presses 57 with climbing shield 58 is swung out by the hydraulic press 62, which is arranged between the tower guide piece and climbing device and fully retracted, see Fig. 32.
- the hydraulic presses 57 are completely retracted. In this position, the entire climbing device is now pivoted back again by extending the hydraulic press 62.
- the climbing shield 58 engages the climbing cam 59 and pushes the tower 8 by a press stroke, see Figs. 29 and 30.
- the support flaps 63 are swung out and are now swung back, this can be done manually or by hydraulic presses.
- the complete climbing device can also be pivoted in and out around the lower press bearing point 61 by supporting the hydraulic press 62. This allows a simple and safe climbing process, which can be additionally monitored via safety devices.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102012019248.7A DE102012019248A1 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Turmdrehkran |
PCT/EP2013/001863 WO2014048516A1 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-06-25 | Turmdrehkran |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2900587A1 true EP2900587A1 (de) | 2015-08-05 |
EP2900587B1 EP2900587B1 (de) | 2018-05-30 |
Family
ID=48793156
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13737132.4A Active EP2900587B1 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2013-06-25 | Turmdrehkran |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2900587B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012019248A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014048516A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014016607A1 (de) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-05-12 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Verfahren zum Versetzen eines Turmdrehkranes |
DE102014225336A1 (de) | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Turmdrehkran zum Errichten einer Windenergieanlage, sowie Verfahren zum Errichten des Turmdrehkrans |
DE102015016279A1 (de) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Turmdrehkran |
DE102015002237A1 (de) | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-25 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Klettersystem für einen Kran |
CN112533859B (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2023-10-10 | 玛姆特控股公司 | 起重机、用于组装起重机的方法和用于拆卸起重机的方法 |
DE102020206194A1 (de) | 2020-05-18 | 2021-11-18 | Gebhardt Fördertechnik GmbH | Verfahren zur Errichtung eines Aufzugs und Aufzug |
NL2030208B1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Itrec Bv | Erecting a self-climbing tower crane |
WO2023118352A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Itrec B.V. | A self-climbing tower crane |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1506543A1 (de) * | 1967-05-10 | 1969-07-17 | Tax Hans | Turmdrehkran |
DE2217379B2 (de) * | 1972-04-11 | 1981-04-30 | Tax, Hans, 8000 München | Turmkran |
DE2230996C2 (de) * | 1972-06-24 | 1974-10-03 | Liebherr, Hans, Dr.-Ing. E.H., 7950 Biberach | Turmdrehkran |
DE8709267U1 (de) * | 1987-07-04 | 1987-08-20 | Man Ghh Logistics Gmbh, 74076 Heilbronn | Als Transport- und Montageeinheit ausgebildete Turmspitze eines oben drehenden Baukrans |
DE4135961A1 (de) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-10 | Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh | Klettereinrichtung zum klettern grosser klettergewichte bei turmdrehkranen, arbeitsbuehnen o. dgl. |
AU726963B2 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 2000-11-30 | Mammoet Europe B.V. | Hoisting device |
DE50011424D1 (de) * | 1999-09-17 | 2005-12-01 | Liebherr Werk Biberach Gmbh | Turmdrehkran |
DE20218971U1 (de) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-04-08 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh | Mobilkran mit langen Auslegern |
DE102004044182B4 (de) * | 2004-09-13 | 2007-05-24 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Kranausleger zum kompakten Transport insbesondere als Containerfracht |
DE202005009236U1 (de) * | 2005-05-09 | 2006-09-21 | Liebherr-Werk Biberach Gmbh | Kletteinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran |
FR2892405B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-12-07 | Potain Soc Par Actions Simplif | Procede et dispositif de montage d'une grue a fleche relevable |
ITPR20060033A1 (it) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-06 | Tgm Srl | Gru e suo metodo di assemblaggio. |
DE102007019747B4 (de) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-02-05 | Wilbert Turmkrane Gmbh | Wippkran mit Transporthalterung für Rollenblöcke |
EP2196427B1 (de) * | 2008-12-15 | 2011-10-12 | Coyuro Management B.V. | Hubvorrichtung zum Transportieren von Containerladung |
-
2012
- 2012-09-28 DE DE102012019248.7A patent/DE102012019248A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-06-25 WO PCT/EP2013/001863 patent/WO2014048516A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-06-25 EP EP13737132.4A patent/EP2900587B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2014048516A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2014048516A1 (de) | 2014-04-03 |
EP2900587B1 (de) | 2018-05-30 |
DE102012019248A1 (de) | 2014-04-03 |
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