EP2794366B1 - Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur - Google Patents

Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2794366B1
EP2794366B1 EP12798166.0A EP12798166A EP2794366B1 EP 2794366 B1 EP2794366 B1 EP 2794366B1 EP 12798166 A EP12798166 A EP 12798166A EP 2794366 B1 EP2794366 B1 EP 2794366B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
contacting rail
contacting
conductor track
polymeric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12798166.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2794366A1 (de
Inventor
Lothar Lesmeister
Andreas Schlarb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to EP12798166.0A priority Critical patent/EP2794366B1/de
Priority to PL12798166T priority patent/PL2794366T3/pl
Publication of EP2794366A1 publication Critical patent/EP2794366A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2794366B1 publication Critical patent/EP2794366B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
    • Y10T29/49083—Heater type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a polymeric disc having an electrically conductive structure, a process for their preparation and their use.
  • Windows of motor vehicles are often provided with electrically conductive structures, by which, for example, heating or antenna functions are met.
  • electrically conductive structures can be printed on the surface of the pane as a heating or antenna conductor, for example in the form of a silver-containing paste, and partly baked.
  • busbars and soldered thereto connecting elements for connection to the on-board electrical system By also printed busbars and soldered thereto connecting elements for connection to the on-board electrical system, a stable electrical contacting of the conductors can be achieved.
  • plastic glazings are being used increasingly in the automotive industry, for example as rear, side or roof windows.
  • a heating or antenna function may be desired.
  • plastic discs also printed electrically conductive structures have been proposed, for example in US 5,525,401 A ,
  • screen printing pastes that can be imprinted on plastic surfaces in an industrial production are available that are as electrically conductive as is necessary for effective heating.
  • Electrically conductive structures for plastic discs can be realized in the form of thin wires.
  • the wires and optionally busbars can be applied to a thin plastic film, which is then connected to the disk body.
  • the plastic film is glued to a previously manufactured disk body or inserted into an injection mold and connected by foil injection with the disk body.
  • Such solutions are for example DE 35 06 011 A1 .
  • the wires are securely fixed between the plastic film and the disk body and protected against damage.
  • the wires and possibly the busbars are not easy to connect to the on-board electrical system, since they are not accessible from the outside.
  • the ends of the wires or the busbars or a plug connection connected to the wires can be guided beyond the edge of the window and contacted there electrically. Since the disc in Mounting position, however, is typically surrounded along the edge of a frame, the electrical contact is difficult and prone to damage.
  • DE 199 27 999 A1 discloses a synthetic resin windowpane produced by film-coating a synthetic resin film provided with an electric conductor. For electrical contacting a hole is provided in the film. In the region of the hole, a metal layer or metal plate is arranged, which is fixed between the film and the disk body and is in contact with the conductor. Through the hole, the metal layer can be contacted with a connection element which is fastened by fastening pins on the surface of the disk body or by claws on the underside of the connection element on the disk body.
  • the metal layer as a connection between electrical conductors and connecting element, however, the production of the disc is complicated and error-prone. Since the metal layer is introduced in the film during the film injection, the method of electrical contact is limited to discs, which according to the doctrine of DE 199 27 999 A1 were manufactured.
  • Wires can also be inserted directly into the surface of a plastic disc, which is for example US 2006/0232972 A1 is known.
  • a heating wire is thermally embedded in the surface of the plastic body.
  • Each end of the heating wire is welded to an electrical connection element which is fastened on the plastic body.
  • the electrical contact is prone to error: if the electrically conductive connection between the two connecting elements is interrupted, for example, by a breakage of the heating wire, the heating function is completely off.
  • the connection element can be reliably fixed on the disk body, in US 2006/0232972 A1 not taught.
  • German patent application DE 199 28 000 A1 shows a resin disc in which a terminal on an outer surface of the disc contacts a metal layer, the metal layer being in electrical contact with a conductor imprint. An attachment of the terminal is made by pins which are integrally connected to the disk body.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a polymeric disc having an electrically conductive structure and a method for the production thereof, wherein the electrically conductive structure is easily and reliably electrically contacted.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by a polymeric disc having an electrically conductive structure according to the independent claim 1 and by a method for producing a polymeric disc according to claim 13. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.
  • a surface of the polymeric substrate is configured to provide the fastener of the invention or fasteners of the invention as part of the polymeric substrate.
  • the fasteners are then formed in one piece with the polymeric substrate according to the invention.
  • the fasteners are not separate from the substrate elements that must be connected, for example by gluing or screwing to the substrate.
  • the polymeric substrate is preferably provided by injection molding.
  • the injection mold has depressions on a surface facing the interior.
  • the molten polymeric material is injected into the interior of the injection mold. After curing of the polymeric material, the polymeric substrate can be removed from the injection mold. Due to the recesses in the injection mold, structures are arranged on a surface of the polymeric substrate, which serve according to the invention as fastening elements for the Kunststofftechniksschienen.
  • the polymeric substrate may be provided in a first smooth-surfaced injection molding step, and then the fasteners may be molded onto the smooth surface in a second injection molding step.
  • the contacting rail is elastic according to the invention. This means that the contacting rail is dimensionally stable and, after a deformation below the elastic limit, for example a slight bending, returns to the original shape when the action of force ceases.
  • the contacting rail according to the invention is electrically conductive. Therefore, an electrical connection of the conductor track to an external electrical system, for example a voltage source, can be realized via the contacting rail.
  • the conductor track comprises a partial region, which is arranged between the contacting rail and the surface of the substrate and is in electrically conductive contact with the contacting rail.
  • the conductor track is connected to the contacting rail at least via its side facing away from the polymer substrate.
  • An electrical contact surface of the conductor track, via which the electrically conductive connection between the conductor track and the contacting rail is provided, is therefore remote from the surface of the substrate.
  • a simple electrical contacting of the conductor track is advantageously achieved by the contacting rail clamped onto the surface of the substrate from above.
  • the Kunststoff musclessschiene has at least one intended for contacting with the conductor track and for clamping on the surface of the polymeric substrate area.
  • This area preferably has a rectangular base area. However, the area can also have a base area with other shapes, for example the shape of a curved quadrilateral, an oval, an ellipse or a circle segment.
  • the thickness of the area of the contacting rail provided for clamping is preferably from 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably from 1 mm to 3 mm. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the stability and the elastic deformability of the contacting rail.
  • the width of the contacting rail is preferably from 3 mm to 50 mm, especially preferably from 5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the dimension of the contacting rail is referred to in the context of the invention, along which the conductor runs.
  • the conductor preferably extends along the entire length of the contacting rail, or along the entire length of the intended for clamping portion of the contacting rail. This means that the conductor track has no interruption in the area between the substrate and the contacting rail. This is particularly advantageous with regard to a simple production of the disc according to the invention and a stable contacting of the conductor track.
  • the length of the Kunststoff musclessschiene can vary widely and so perfectly adapted to the requirements in each case. If a plurality of parallel conductor tracks contacted with the Kunststoff musclessschiene, then the minimum length of the Kunststoff musclessschiene results from the number of interconnects and the distance from adjacent interconnects.
  • the length of the contacting rail is for example from 5 cm to 50 cm.
  • the contacting rail is preferably arranged parallel to the surface of the substrate in the installed position. Depending on the type of fastening elements according to the invention, the contacting rail can also have holes, notches or other shape features.
  • the contacting rail preferably contains tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium, cobalt and / or iron, as well as mixtures and / or alloys thereof.
  • the contacting rail particularly preferably contains a metal or an alloy, whereby the elasticity of the contacting rail is ensured.
  • the contacting rail preferably contains at least one stainless steel, a chromium-containing stainless ("stainless”) steel or a spring steel.
  • the wall facing the substrate surface of the Kunststoff musclessschiene is then not plan, but has one or more increases.
  • the elevations have, for example, in the cross section through the width of the contacting rail perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, the profile of a circular segment or of an elliptical segment.
  • the elevations preferably extend along the length of the contacting rail.
  • the strip conductor is then not in contact along the entire width of the contacting rail with the contacting rail, but only with a region of the increase. As a result, the pressure which the clamped contacting rail exerts on the conductor track is increased and the stability of the electrical contacting is advantageously increased.
  • the Kunststoffelsstoffiene may in this case contain materials that do not guarantee the elasticity of the Kunststoff musclessschiene invention, because a stiffening of the Whyssensschiene can be achieved by the introduced profiles advantageous.
  • the contacting rail can then contain copper, for example.
  • the contacting rail is preferably coated with nickel, tin, copper and / or silver.
  • the layer thickness is preferably from 0.1 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m, more preferably from 6 .mu.m to 12 .mu.m.
  • the particular advantage of the coating lies in an increased current carrying capacity and corrosion stability of the contacting rail.
  • the Kunststofftechniksschiene may be provided prior to clamping to the surface of the substrate with a bias voltage.
  • the contacting rail can be bent along its length.
  • the contacting rail is preferably bent so that its ends face away from the substrate when connected to the substrate. Due to the bias, the contact pressure of the contacting rail is increased and the stability of the electrical contact advantageously increased.
  • the conductor is connected to external electrical systems, which are arranged outside the disc.
  • the electrical systems are, for example, amplifiers, control units or voltage sources.
  • a cable to the external electrical system, for example, with the surface facing away from the substrate of the region of themaschinetechniksschiene, for clamping on the surface of the polymeric Substrate is provided, for example, by soldering, welding, gluing, crimping or clamping.
  • the contacting rail comprises an area which is provided for connection to the external electrical system and which is attached to the region provided for clamping to the surface of the polymeric substrate.
  • This area is referred to in the context of the invention as a connection area.
  • the connection region is preferably attached to a side edge of the region intended for clamping and is not arranged on the surface of the region intended for clamping, which faces away from the substrate. This is particularly advantageous with regard to a simple production of the contacting rail.
  • the connection region is particularly preferably designed as a standard-compliant blade connector on which the coupling of a connection cable to the external electrical system can be plugged.
  • the contacting rail then provides an interface to the external electrical system.
  • connection area can also have, for example, a hole to which a cable can be screwed to the external electrical system.
  • the cable to the external electrical system can alternatively be soldered, welded, crimped or glued to the connection area.
  • the polymeric substrate has according to the invention on a surface at least one integrally formed with the substrate fastener. With a surface while the preferred smooth surface is called away from the fasteners.
  • the fastening elements are suitable either on their own or in conjunction with another element to clamp the contacting rail to the surface of the substrate. By means of the fastening elements, a permanently stable connection of the substrate and the contacting rail is achieved. As a result, a permanently stable electrical connection is also achieved by the contacting rail and the partial region of the conductor track arranged between the contacting rail and the substrate.
  • the fastening element is designed in the manner of a hook.
  • a hook preferably has a first portion which is connected to the surface of the substrate and perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to Surface of the substrate is arranged.
  • a second portion is connected, which extends in the direction of the contacting rail and is at least partially disposed on the side remote from the substrate of the contacting rail.
  • a contact pressure force is exerted on the contacting rail via the second partial area, preferably on the surface of the contacting rail facing away from the substrate.
  • the contacting rail can be clamped by two such hooks on the surface of the substrate, when the two hooks are arranged on opposite edges of the contacting rail suitably.
  • a plurality of hooks are arranged around the contacting rail.
  • the distance between two adjacent hooks along an edge of the contacting rail is preferably from 1 cm to 10 cm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a stable clamping connection between substrate and Mulltechniksschiene.
  • the first portion of the hook preferably adjoins the edge of the contacting rail. This prevents slippage of the contacting rail parallel to the surface of the substrate.
  • the shape and dimensioning of the hook is selected according to the invention such that the contacting rail is stably clamped to the surface of the substrate and has no freedom of movement perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.
  • the dimensioning of the hook is dependent in each case in particular on the thickness of the contacting rail.
  • the width of the hook along the edge of the contacting rail is preferably from 1 mm to 10 mm.
  • the contacting rail is preferably pressed between the hook-shaped fastening elements against the surface of the substrate, which is typically associated with a temporary bending of the fastening elements.
  • the dimensioning of the fastening elements, in particular the material thickness of the fastening elements and the shape and size of the second portion of the hook is chosen so that such a reversible bending without damaging the fasteners is possible.
  • the fastening element is formed as a pin which is arranged perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.
  • the pin may have a triangular, rectangular, oval, or polygonal, preferably circular, cross-sectional area parallel to the surface of the substrate.
  • the length and width of the pin parallel to the surface of the substrate is preferably from 2 mm to 10 mm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a stable connection between Needles Industriessschiene and substrate.
  • the contacting rail has one or more holes through which the fasteners are passed. The Number, the relative arrangement, the shape and the size of the holes in the Kunststofftechniksschiene are chosen suitably.
  • each fastener is suitably chosen so that the fastener protrudes beyond the Kunststoff Obersschiene.
  • the contacting rail is permanently clamped to the surface of the substrate by means of the at least one fastening element.
  • the tip of each fastening element facing away from the substrate can be heated and suitably deformed so that the contacting rail has no freedom of movement perpendicular to the surface of the substrate.
  • a fixing element is attached to each fastening element, preferably attached, via which a contact pressure force is exerted on the contacting rail.
  • the fixing elements preferably contain at least one metal or an alloy, for example steel, but may also contain a polymer. Suitable fixing elements are, for example, Starlock® retaining rings. But it can also be used differently configured fixing elements that do not detach in the installed position of the fasteners.
  • the contacting rail can be clamped to the surface of the substrate by a fastening element with attached fixing element.
  • a planar shaped contacting rail having a single fastener may be clamped to a curved polymeric substrate.
  • the elastic contacting rail is bent by clamping to the curved substrate.
  • the elasticity of the contacting rail leads to a contact force of the contacting rail to the polymeric substrate.
  • the contacting rail is clamped by at least two fastening elements with attached fixing elements to the surface of the substrate.
  • a plurality of fastening elements are arranged along the length of the contacting rail. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of rows of fastening elements along the length of the contacting rail.
  • the distance between two adjacent fastening elements is preferably from 1 cm to 15 cm, for example 10 cm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a stable clamping connection between substrate andmaschinetechnischsschiene.
  • an additional current busbar is arranged between the surface of the substrate and the conductor track in the region of the contacting rail and / or between the contacting rail and the conductor track.
  • the busbars preferably contain tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium, tin and / or iron, as well as mixtures and / or alloys thereof, more preferably tungsten and / or copper.
  • the busbars preferably have a thickness of 10 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, particularly preferably from 50 .mu.m to 100 .mu.m.
  • the width of a busbar along which the busbar is connected to the track is preferably from 2 mm to 100 mm, more preferably from 5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the length of the busbars can vary widely and can be perfectly adapted to the requirements of each individual case. If several parallel conductor tracks are contacted, then the minimum length of the busbars results from the number of conductor tracks and the distance from adjacent conductor tracks.
  • the length of the busbars is for example from 5 cm to 50 cm.
  • the busbars are preferably coated with nickel, tin, copper and / or silver.
  • the layer thickness is preferably from 0.1 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m, more preferably from 6 .mu.m to 12 .mu.m.
  • the particular advantage of the coating lies in an increased current carrying capacity and corrosion stability of the busbars.
  • a current bus bar between the surface of the substrate and the conductor track in the region of the contacting rail is preferably fastened to the substrate with a double-sided adhesive tape or an adhesive.
  • the electrical connection of current busbar, conductor track and contacting rail is thereby advantageously facilitated and the current busbar is permanently fixed on the surface of the substrate.
  • solder mass Is between the surface of the substrate and the conductor in the region of the Kunststoff musclessschiene and between the Kunststoff musclessschiene and the conductor respectively a current bus, so the two busbars can be connected by means of solder mass.
  • the conductor track is then embedded in the solder mass, which advantageously results in an improved and more stable electrical contact, even if the conductor itself is not solderable.
  • a lead-free solder mass is preferably used because, due to the End-of-Life Vehicle Directive 2000/53 / EC, lead-containing solders within the EC must be replaced by lead-free solders.
  • the solder mass preferably contains tin and bismuth, indium, zinc, copper, silver or compositions thereof.
  • the proportion of tin in the solder composition is from 3 wt .-% to 99.5 wt .-%, preferably from 10 wt .-% to 95.5 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 15 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%.
  • the proportion of bismuth, indium, zinc, copper, silver or compositions thereof is in the solder composition of 0.5 wt .-% to 97 wt .-%, preferably 10 wt .-% to 67 wt .-%, wherein the respective May be amount of bismuth, indium, zinc, copper or silver 0 wt .-%.
  • the solder composition may contain nickel, germanium, aluminum or phosphorus at a level of from 0% to 5% by weight.
  • the solder composition most preferably contains Bi40Sn57Ag3, Sn40Bi57Ag3, Bi59Sn40Ag1, Bi57Sn42Ag1, In97Ag3, Sn95.5Ag3.8Cu0.7, Bi67In33, Bi33In50Sn17, Sn77.2 In20Ag2.8, Sn95Ag4Cu1, Sn99Cu1, Sn96.5Ag3.5, or mixtures thereof.
  • the printed conductor is applied to the polymeric substrate by means of ultrasound embedding.
  • a sonotrode is preferably guided by means of a multi-axis robot and a force-controlled tool compensation on the inside of the polymeric substrate.
  • the force-controlled tool compensation makes it possible to adapt the position of the sonotrode to the three-dimensional geometry of the polymeric substrate.
  • the sonotrode transmits high-frequency mechanical vibrations (ultrasound) generated by an ultrasonic generator to the polymeric substrate. Heat is generated and a surface layer of the inside of the polymeric substrate is melted.
  • the conductor is introduced into the fused surface layer.
  • the sonotrode carries a wire at its tip, wherein the wire is continuously fed via a wire roller near the sonotrode.
  • a suitable as a sonotrode tool is for example off US 6,023,837 A known.
  • the penetration depth of the conductor track into the polymeric substrate is preferably from 50% to 90%, particularly preferably from 60% to 75% of the thickness of the conductor track.
  • the uncomplicated application of the trace by means of ultrasonic embedding is special advantageous in terms of a stable connection between the conductor track and the polymeric substrate.
  • At least a portion of the track is embedded in the polymeric substrate.
  • the trace may be embedded in the polymeric substrate along its entire length. This is particularly advantageous in terms of a stable connection between the polymeric substrate and the conductor track.
  • the intended for electrical contacting with the Kunststoffssensschiene area of the conductor is not embedded in the polymeric substrate.
  • an additional current busbar can be arranged between the conductor track in the region of the contacting rail and the polymer substrate.
  • the conductor can also be applied to the polymeric substrate by other methods.
  • the printed conductor can be applied to the polymeric substrate by all methods known to the person skilled in the art as long as the partial region provided for contacting with the contacting rail protrudes from the surface of the polymeric substrate.
  • the applicability of the electrical contacting according to the invention by means of the contacting rail independently of the application of the conductor tracks is a great advantage of the present invention in comparison to the prior art.
  • the printed conductor can be pressed into the surface of the polymeric substrate, as described, for example, in US Pat DE 35 06 011 A1 is described.
  • the conductor can also be applied to a polymeric carrier film, which is then bonded to the polymeric substrate. If the printed conductor is to be embedded between the carrier film and the polymeric substrate, then at least one end of the printed conductor must protrude beyond the edge of the carrier film in order to be accessible after bonding of the carrier film to the substrate for the contacting.
  • the conductor contains at least one metal, preferably tungsten, copper, nickel, manganese, aluminum, silver, chromium and / or iron, as well as mixtures and / or alloys thereof.
  • the conductor track particularly preferably contains tungsten and / or copper. This results in particularly good results.
  • the disc according to the invention is a heatable disc.
  • the conductor track is electrically conductively connected to two contacting rails according to the invention.
  • at least two, typically a plurality of tracks are connected to the twomaschineticiansschienen.
  • the conductor tracks which thus enable active heating of the polymeric disk, heat up.
  • the two contacting rails advantageously provide a stable electrical contacting of the conductor tracks.
  • Each track is electrically connected to both Mull michodersschienen and is powered independently of the other tracks with voltage.
  • the damage of a conductor track thus advantageously does not lead to a complete failure of the active heating of the disc.
  • the thickness of the conductor tracks is preferably from 10 .mu.m to 300 .mu.m, more preferably from 25 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m. This is particularly advantageous in terms of the transparency of the polymeric disk, the heating power introduced and the prevention of short circuits.
  • the conductor tracks preferably extend in a straight line between the two contacting rails.
  • the conductor tracks may also run, for example, wave-like, meandering or in the form of a zig-zag pattern between the two contacting rails.
  • the distance between two adjacent conductor tracks is preferably constant over the entire length of the conductor tracks. The distance between two adjacent tracks can also change in the course between the twomaschinetechniksschienen.
  • the conductor tracks can run in any direction, preferably horizontally or vertically.
  • the distance between two adjacent conductor tracks is preferably from 5 mm to 30 mm, particularly preferably 6 mm to 20 mm. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the transparency of the polymeric disk and the distribution of the heating power introduced via the conductor tracks.
  • the length of the tracks can vary widely and so easily adapted to the requirements in each case.
  • the tracks have, for example, lengths of 5 cm to 150 cm.
  • Adjacent conductor tracks can be connected to one another on the side of a contacting rail facing away from the other contacting rail.
  • the conductor tracks can thus be applied in the form of a single heating wire to the polymeric substrate, wherein the heating wire after application comprises two or more sections, which are provided as conductor tracks and which are looped together.
  • Each section of the heating wire provided as a conductor track is connected in the region of one end to the first contacting rail and in the region of the other end to the second contacting rail.
  • Each section of the heating wire in the region of the contacting rails and between the contacting rails forms a conductor track.
  • adjacent conductor tracks may not be connected to one another on the side of a contacting rail facing away from the other contacting rail.
  • the conductor tracks are thus applied in the form of a plurality of heating wires to the polymeric substrate, wherein each heating wire is connected in the region of one end to the first contacting rail and in the region of the other end to the second contacting rail.
  • Each heating wire comprises a conductor track in the area of the contact bars and between the contact bars.
  • a part of the conductor tracks which forms a first heating field may be connected to a first and a second contacting rail and a further part of the conductor tracks, which forms a second heating field, to a third and a fourth contacting rail.
  • Two independent heating fields can also be realized, for example, by connecting all conductor tracks to a first contacting rail.
  • a part of the strip conductors, which forms a first heating field is additionally connected to a second contacting rail and a further part of the strip conductors, which forms a second heating field, is additionally connected to a third contacting rail.
  • more than two independent heating panels can be realized according to the invention.
  • the polymeric substrate is preferably planar or slightly curved in one direction or in multiple directions of the space.
  • the polymeric substrate is preferably at least partially transparent.
  • the polymeric substrate may be colorless, colored or tinted.
  • the polymeric substrate can be clear or cloudy.
  • the polymeric substrate preferably contains at least polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyesters, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PCT). ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS / PC) and / or copolymers or mixtures thereof.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PC polycarbonates
  • PP polypropylene
  • polystyrene polybutadiene
  • polynitriles polyesters
  • polyurethanes polymethylmethacrylates
  • polyacrylates polyesters
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PCT
  • the polymeric substrate particularly preferably contains polycarbonates (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This is particularly advantageous in terms of transparency, processing, strength, weatherability and chemical resistance of the polymeric substrate.
  • PC polycarbonates
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • the polymeric substrate preferably has a thickness of 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 3 mm to 5 mm. This is particularly advantageous in terms of strength and processing of the polymeric substrate.
  • the size of the polymeric base body can vary widely and depends on the use according to the invention.
  • the polymeric substrate has an area of 100 cm 2 to 3 m 2 , for example 1.5 m 2 , which is customary for windows of vehicles and in the construction and architectural sectors.
  • the electrical contacting of the printed conductor may not be visible by means of the contacting rail through the polymeric substrate.
  • the polymeric substrate can be dyed or blackened in the region of the contacting rail.
  • the polymeric substrate can also be produced, for example, by multi-component injection molding, wherein the polymeric substrate in the region on which the contacting rail is to be arranged comprises an opaque component which obscures the view of the electrical contacting through the polymeric substrate.
  • the opaque component of the polymeric substrate preferably contains at least one colorant.
  • the colorant achieves the opacity of the component.
  • the colorant may contain inorganic and / or organic dyes and / or pigments.
  • the colorant can be colorful or un-colored. Suitable colorants are known to those skilled in the art and can be consulted , for example, in the Color Index of the British Society of Dyers and Colourists and the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists .
  • a black pigment is used as the colorant, for example, carbon black, aniline black, leg black, iron oxide black, spinel black, and / or graphite. This achieves a black opaque component.
  • cover screen prints may be applied to a surface of the polymeric substrate.
  • a protective coating is applied to the surface facing away from the contacting rails surface of the polymeric susbtrate to protect the disc according to the invention from environmental influences.
  • Preference is given to using thermosetting or UV-curing coating systems based on polysiloxanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates and / or polyurethanes.
  • the protective coating preferably has a layer thickness of from 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably from 2 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m. The particular advantage lies in the increased scratch resistance and weather resistance of the polymeric substrate by the protective coating.
  • the protective coating can also contain, in addition to coloring compounds and pigments, UV blockers, preservatives and components for increasing the scratch resistance, for example nanoparticles.
  • the protective coating may be applied to the polymeric substrate by, for example, a dipping, flooding or spraying process.
  • the protective coating is preferably cured after application via temperature and / or UV light entry.
  • Suitable protective coatings are the AS4000, the AS4700, the PHC587 or the UVHC300 provided by Momentive.
  • the conductor track is attached to the surface of the substrate by means of ultrasonic embedding.
  • a current bus bar is mounted on the surface of the substrate, preferably glued on before attaching the conductor track. The current bus bar is thereby positioned in the region of the surface of the substrate which is provided for clamping the contacting rail.
  • a sonotrode for ultrasonic embedding of the conductor track can be guided over the current bus bar so that the conductor track is embedded on both sides of the current bus bar in the surface of the polymeric substrate.
  • the polymeric disc with electrically conductive structure is preferably used as a disc or as part of a disc of means of transport for transport on land, in the air or on water, in particular as rear, windscreen, side, roof window, light cover and / or Spoilers of motor vehicles and rail vehicles.
  • the polymeric disc with electrically conductive structure can also be used in functional and / or decorative individual pieces or as a built-in part in furniture and appliances.
  • the polymeric disk is used in particular as a disk with heating and / or antenna function, wherein the conductor track according to the invention or the printed conductors according to the invention are used as heating conductor and / or as antenna conductor.
  • Fig. 1 . Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 each show a detail of a polymeric disc (I) according to the invention with electrically conductive structure.
  • the polymeric disc (I) is provided as a heated disc.
  • the polymeric disc (I) contains a polymeric substrate 1.
  • the polymeric substrate 1 contains polycarbonate (PC) and has a thickness of 4 mm.
  • On a surface 12 of the polymeric substrate eight printed conductors 2 are arranged.
  • the conductor tracks 2 are arranged parallel to one another and horizontally.
  • the tracks 2 contain tungsten and have a thickness of 70 microns. The distance between two adjacent tracks 2 is 15 mm.
  • the interconnects 2 are embedded by means of ultrasonic embedding over their entire length in the polymeric substrate 1, wherein the penetration depth is about 40 microns.
  • the polymeric disc (I) further includes two contacting rails 3. The first end portion of each conductor 2 is connected to the first contacting rail 3, and the second end portion of each conductor 2 is electrically connected to the second contacting rail 3.
  • the end regions of the conductor tracks 2 are arranged between the polymeric substrate 1 and the contacting rail 3.
  • the tracks 2 are sections of a single heating wire, which are in a loop with each other connected straight sections on the polymeric substrate 1 is applied.
  • Adjacent conductor tracks 2 are thus connected to one another by a region of the heating wire, wherein the connection takes place alternately on the side of the second contacting rail 3 facing away from the first contacting rail 3 and on the side of the first contacting rail 3 facing away from the second contacting rail 3.
  • the contacting rails 3 contain stainless steel.
  • the intended for clamping to the surface 12 of the polymeric substrate 1 region of eachmaschinetechniksschiene 3 has a rectangular base area with a width of 15 mm and a length of 80 mm.
  • the thickness of the contacting rail is 1.5 mm.
  • the polymeric disc (I) further includes fasteners 4 formed integrally with the polymeric substrate 1.
  • the fastening elements 4 are designed as hooks. Surrounding each devistechniksschiene 3 six fasteners 4 are arranged. By means of the fastening elements 4, each contacting rail 3 is permanently stably clamped to the surface 12 of the polymeric substrate 1. The Kunststofftechniksschienen 3 are thereby pressed against the conductor tracks 2, whereby a permanently stable electrical connection between the Heidelberg michsschienen 3 and the conductor tracks 2 is provided.
  • Each contacting rail 3 comprises a connection region 5, which is provided for connection to an external, not shown, voltage source.
  • the connection region 5 is attached to the longitudinal edge of the rectangular section which is remote from the other contacting rail 3 and is arranged to be clamped to the surface 12 of the polymeric substrate 1.
  • the connection region 5 is designed as a standardized flat connector, to which the coupling of a connection cable, not shown, can be plugged for power supply.
  • the contacting rail 3 thus advantageously provides an interface to the external power supply, so that further work steps such as, for example, soldering the contacting rail 3 with an electrical connection element are not necessary.
  • Fig. 2 and Fig. 8 each show a detail of an alternative embodiment of the polymeric disc (I) according to the invention.
  • the busbars 6 contain copper and have a thickness of 100 microns. The busbars 6 are tinned.
  • the length and width of the busbars 6 corresponds to the length and width of the Kunststofftechniksschienen 3 By the busbars 6, the electrical contacting of the tracks 2 is further improved.
  • the busbars 6 between the surface of the substrate 1 and the conductor tracks 2 are fixed on the substrate 1 by a double-sided adhesive tape 9.
  • Each contacting rail 3 is clamped by means of three fastening elements 4 to the surface 12 of the polymeric substrate 1.
  • the fastening elements 4 are designed as pins.
  • the fastening elements 4 have a circular cross-sectional area parallel to the surface 12 of the substrate 1 with a diameter of 5 mm.
  • the Kunststofftechniksschienen 3 and the busbars 6 have circular holes through which the fasteners 4 are guided.
  • a fixing element 8 is attached to the side facing away from the substrate 1 side of the contacting rails 3.
  • the fixing element 8 is, for example, a Starlock® retaining ring (round shaft, item number 8153), which can not be detached from the fastening element 4 after being plugged on.
  • each contacting rail 3 is permanently stably clamped to the surface 12 of the substrate 1.
  • the Kunststoffianssschienen 3 are thereby against the Printed conductors 2, whereby a permanently stable electrical connection between the Why istsschienen 3 and the conductor tracks 2 is provided.
  • connection region 5 of each contacting rail 3 is attached to a transverse edge of the rectangular region intended for clamping to the surface 12 of the polymeric substrate 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a section along AA 'by the inventive polymeric disc (I) according to FIG. 1 ,
  • Fig. 4 shows the polymeric disc (I) FIG. 3 prior to clamping the contacting rail 3 to the substrate 1.
  • the contacting rail 3 is bent along its length so that its ends face away from the substrate.
  • the contacting rail 3 is thereby provided with a bias, which is maintained as a result of the inventive elasticity of the contacting rail 3 after clamping. Due to the bias, the contact pressure of the contacting rail 3 is increased and the stability of the electrical contact advantageously increased.
  • Fig. 5 shows in continuation of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 3 an alternative embodiment of the polymeric disc (I) according to the invention.
  • the printed conductors 2 are not embedded in the polymeric substrate 1.
  • a busbar 6 is arranged between the surface 12 of the substrate 1 and the conductor tracks 2. By the busbars 6, the electrical contacting of the conductor tracks 2 is further improved.
  • the busbars 6 are fixed by a double-sided adhesive tape 9 on the substrate 1.
  • a first portion of the hook-shaped fastening elements 4 is arranged approximately perpendicular to the surface 12 of the substrate 1.
  • a second subregion which extends in the direction of the contacting rail 3 and is arranged on the side of the contacting rail 3 facing away from the substrate 1, is connected to the first subregion.
  • the two portions of the fastener 4 are arranged in the embodiment shown at an angle of approximately 30 ° to each other. This flexibility of the second portion is achieved, which facilitates the attachment of the Kunststoffsseniene 3 advantageous.
  • the Kunststoffelsschiene 3 is provided with a silver-containing coating 10, the layer thickness is 10 microns. As a result, the current-carrying capacity and the corrosion stability of the contacting rail 3 are advantageously increased.
  • the protective coating 11 contains a polysiloxane-based thermosetting lacquer and has a layer thickness of 15 ⁇ m. Due to the protective coating 11, the polymeric substrate 1 is advantageously protected against environmental influences such as weathering and mechanical action.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section along BB 'through the inventive polymeric disc (I) according to FIG. 1 ,
  • the polymeric substrate 1, a printed conductor 2 embedded therein, the contacting rails 3, the fastening elements 4 integrally formed with the substrate 1 and the region 5 of the contacting rail 3 which is provided for connection to an external voltage source can be seen.
  • Fig. 7 shows in continuation of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 6 an alternative embodiment of the polymeric disc (I) according to the invention.
  • the connection region 5 of each contacting rail 3 is arranged above the contacting rail 3 in this exemplary embodiment.
  • a profile is impressed in each contacting rail 3.
  • the wall facing the substrate surface of the Kunststofftechniksschienen 3 thereby has two elevations, which have the profile of a circle segment in cross-section and extending along the length of the contacting rail 3.
  • the conductor tracks 2 are in contact with the contacting rails 3 over a region of each elevation. Thereby, the pressure that the clamped contacting rail 3 on the Conductors 2 exerts, increases and increases the stability of the electrical contact advantageously.
  • Fig. 8 shows a section along CC 'through the inventive polymeric disc (I) according to FIG. 2 ,
  • the polymeric substrate 1, the printed conductors 2, a contacting rail 3 with the region 5 provided for connection to an external voltage source, the current collecting rails 6 and the fastening elements 4 integrally formed with the substrate 1 with the fixing elements 8 can be seen.
  • Fig. 9 shows in continuation of the embodiment of Figures 2 and 8th an alternative embodiment of the polymeric disc (I) according to the invention.
  • the two in the region of amaschinetechniksschiene 3 arranged busbars 6 are connected to each other by means of a solder mass 7.
  • the solder mass 7 contains 57 wt .-% bismuth, 42 wt .-% tin and 1 wt .-% silver.
  • the tungsten-containing conductor tracks 2 themselves are not solderable, the conductor tracks 2 are embedded in the solder mass 7. As a result, an improved and more stable electrical contact is advantageously achieved.
  • Fig. 10 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the inventive method for producing a polymeric disc (I) having an electrically conductive structure.
  • Test samples of the polymeric disc (I) according to the invention having an electrically conductive structure were produced.
  • the polymeric substrates 1 were produced by injection molding with the fasteners 4. There were fasteners 4 according to the FIG. 1 and the FIG. 2 used. Subsequently, conductor tracks 2 were embedded in the surface 12 of the substrate 1 by means of ultrasound embedding. Two contacting rails 3 were clamped by means of the fastening elements 4 to the surface 12 of the substrate 1 and thereby contacted with the conductor tracks 2. By applying a potential difference between the contacting rails 3, the active heating of the polymeric disk (I) was made possible.
  • the Kunststoffels By integrally formed with the polymeric substrate 1 fasteners 4, the Kunststofftechniksschienen 3 could be easily clamped to the polymeric substrates 1.
  • the connection between substrate 1 and contacting rail 3 was permanently stable. This also became a permanently stable electrical connection between the Contact rails 3 and the printed conductors 2 reached.
  • the printed conductors 2 contacted according to the invention made it possible to remove condensed air moisture and ice from the polymeric disk within a short time. Due to the electrical contacting of each conductor 2 by means of the contacting rails 3, a deliberately caused damage to a single conductor 2 did not lead to complete failure of the heating effect.

Landscapes

  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
EP12798166.0A 2011-12-20 2012-11-02 Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur Active EP2794366B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12798166.0A EP2794366B1 (de) 2011-12-20 2012-11-02 Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur
PL12798166T PL2794366T3 (pl) 2011-12-20 2012-11-02 Polimerowa szyba o strukturze przewodzącej prąd elektryczny

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11194449 2011-12-20
EP12798166.0A EP2794366B1 (de) 2011-12-20 2012-11-02 Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur
PCT/EP2012/071691 WO2013091964A1 (de) 2011-12-20 2012-11-02 Polymere scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger struktur

Publications (2)

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EP2794366B1 true EP2794366B1 (de) 2016-12-21

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EP (1) EP2794366B1 (es)
JP (2) JP2015508554A (es)
KR (1) KR101643484B1 (es)
CN (1) CN104039609B (es)
ES (1) ES2617996T3 (es)
PL (1) PL2794366T3 (es)
PT (1) PT2794366T (es)
WO (1) WO2013091964A1 (es)

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JP6244997B2 (ja) * 2014-03-11 2017-12-13 株式会社豊田自動織機 バスバーの取付構造
KR102013509B1 (ko) * 2015-03-19 2019-08-22 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 가열 기능을 갖는 차량 플라스틱 판유리 상에 버스바를 침착시키는 방법
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CN107985269B (zh) * 2016-10-26 2021-04-20 长城汽车股份有限公司 后窗清洁组件
EA201992750A1 (ru) * 2017-05-19 2020-03-16 Агк Гласс Юроп Боковое ламинированное автомобильное остекление
KR101996870B1 (ko) * 2017-08-07 2019-07-09 한국생산기술연구원 신축성 기판에 사용되는 전선 구조체의 제조방법
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Publication number Publication date
EP2794366A1 (de) 2014-10-29
WO2013091964A1 (de) 2013-06-27
ES2617996T3 (es) 2017-06-20
KR101643484B1 (ko) 2016-07-27
KR20140103974A (ko) 2014-08-27
PT2794366T (pt) 2017-03-29
JP6355682B2 (ja) 2018-07-11
JP2015508554A (ja) 2015-03-19
CN104039609A (zh) 2014-09-10
US20150181653A1 (en) 2015-06-25
JP2017022119A (ja) 2017-01-26
CN104039609B (zh) 2016-09-07
PL2794366T3 (pl) 2017-06-30

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