EP2687472A1 - Lift assembly with safety device - Google Patents

Abstract

The system (1') has a support (6) for supporting a lift car, and a counterweight rotatable about a deflection roller (7), where a bearing part is fixed to the counterweight in a designated target position. A security device is arranged to monitor a positional deviation of the bearing part from the desired position with respect to the counterweight, where the positional deviation includes a rotation of the bearing part with respect to the counterweight. The security device generates an alarm signal when a predetermined positional deviation is exceeded. An independent claim is also included for a method for relative position control of components in a lift system.

Description

The invention relates to an elevator installation with a safety device for relative position monitoring of components according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a method for relative position monitoring of components in an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 16.

In elevator installations, the safety of the operation must be constantly monitored, for example by the monitoring of the closing state of the doors, the monitoring of the driving speed and the protection against overloading belong. Such control and monitoring requires the detection of values, due to which an actual state is continuously compared with a desired state during operation. This is usually done with controls and control devices that allow a time and distance-dependent acquisition of operating data.

In elevator systems with a counterweight, in which a suspension means is guided according to a pulley (for example, 2: 1, 4: 1 or 6: 1 installations), the support cables are guided on the cabin side as well as on the counterweight side over pulleys. On these pulleys sometimes act large forces, which is associated with a high material stress. In particular, bearing damage may occur due to wear. Such bearing damage can lead to large forces or torques on the bearing parts due to increased friction. This can e.g. cause a fixed axle body to be turned out of its attachment. This unwanted rotational movement can lead to consequential damage to the suspension up to a total failure of the camp with possibly subsequent damage to the elevator system.

From the EP 0 824 495 B1 It is known to monitor the states of motion and / or rotational adjustment states of mutually rotatable components of a rolling bearing. The monitoring takes place with pulse generators or via other means for signal detection, which are integrated in the rolling bearings. However, such bearings are costly and complex in system integration. In particular, a connection to a control of the elevator installation is required, which can be complicated in the case of rolling bearings arranged on moving components.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide an elevator system with a safety device, which reliably ensures safe operation of the elevator system with a simple construction and cost-effective design. Preferably, the invention is intended to ensure monitoring of the operation of a deflection roller of a suspension element of the elevator installation.

The solution of the problem is defined by the features of claim 1. This relates to an elevator installation with a safety device for the relative position monitoring of components in the elevator installation. In this case, the elevator installation comprises a component to which a relatively fixed component is fastened in a predetermined desired position. The safety device is designed and arranged such that a positional deviation of the fixed component from the desired position with respect to the component can be monitored, wherein when a predeterminable position deviation is exceeded by the safety device, an alarm signal can be generated. The elevator installation is characterized in that the safety device is designed and arranged such that the positional deviation that can be monitored by the safety device comprises a rotation and / or a translation of the stationary component with respect to the component to which it is fastened.

With a relatively fixed component is presently referred to a component which is rigidly mounted in the operative state with respect to the component to which it is attached. A mobility relative to the component is provided neither during operation nor out of service. It is understood that the fixed component e.g. can be releasably secured for maintenance purposes. Such components may for example be bolted to the component, riveted, welded or have an interference fit. It is understood that the component to which the component is fixed relatively fixed, can be arranged movably in the elevator system.

Alarm signal here refers generally to a signal generated by the safety device, which can be utilized in different ways by other units of the elevator system. For example, the alarm signal can be forwarded to a control of the elevator installation, which blocks operation of the elevator system as a result of the alarm signal, for example in an emergency shutdown or an emergency stop. It is also conceivable that, for example, only or additionally triggered an audible or visual alarm unless the positional deviation of the monitored component results in an immediate safety risk. The safety device may include an alarm device, which further processes the alarm signal. In principle, it is also conceivable, for example, to only register the alarm signal and, for example, store it in a memory.

A desired position of the relatively stationary component denotes a position in which it is attached to the component in the wide operating state within the scope of a manufacturing or installation tolerance. Depending on the nature of the fixed component, positional deviations from this desired position may generally occur in the course of operation, which pose no safety risk and therefore do not have to result in an alarm signal. Due to the predeterminable positional deviation at which the alarm signal is generated, a range of tolerable positions around the desired position is thus definable. Only when the predeterminable positional deviation is reached, the alarm signal is generated according to the invention. It is understood that, for safety reasons, the tolerable range which can be predetermined by the predefinable positional deviations is generally narrow for safety reasons.

By monitoring the position of the relatively stationary component with respect to the component to which the component is fastened, an operational arrangement of this component can be ensured. A corresponding safety device can be made particularly simple, since in the construction no relative movement has to be considered. Elements of the safety device can therefore be only mechanically negligible or not stressed during normal operation. This is also associated with little or negligible mechanical wear. Likewise, a comparatively low precision in the monitoring of a relatively fixed component is usually required. If such a component has once been released, this usually results in a comparatively significant change in position. The monitoring provided by the safety device of the elevator installation according to the invention is thus fundamentally to be distinguished from known position monitors, in which components moving relative to one another, e.g. for the determination of a position of the car or its speed can be precisely monitored.

According to the invention, a rotation, ie a rotation of the relatively fixed component with respect to the component to which it is attached, as well as a translation, ie a displacement of the component relative to the component and a combination of both position changes monitored. Thus, the safety device is versatile in the elevator system used. In particular, by monitoring a rotation of the stationary component, the safety device is also suitable for relatively fixed bearing parts of rotary bearings such as axle or bearing sleeves. On such bearing parts can act large torques in case of failure of the bearing, which can solve the attachment of the relatively fixed bearing part. An additional monitoring of a translation, ie a displacement of the component relative to the component, ensures additional security even with pivot bearings. It will be appreciated that monitoring both rotation and translation, or a combination of both, may be beneficial to any type of relatively stationary component. Depending on the type of component, eg with only statically loaded components, it may be sufficient to monitor only one translation.

The safety device of the elevator installation according to the invention is particularly suitable for monitoring fixed bearing parts of rotatingly mounted elements. Preferably, the fixed component is a bearing part of a pivot bearing, in particular an axle body, a deflection roller which is rotatably mounted on the bearing with respect to the component at this. It is understood that depending on the design of the pivot bearing, other relatively fixed parts of rolling bearings or plain bearings can be monitored such. Bearing sleeves.

Such pulleys can be used in an elevator installation in a variety of applications. Particularly advantageously, the fixed component is a bearing part of a deflection roller for a support means for supporting an elevator car. The support means is connected via the pulley to the elevator car and wraps around the pulley at least partially. As a support means, for example, carrying ropes, straps or straps can be used. Such pulleys are used, for example in 2: 1 installations for the application in which the support means is fixed with both ends to the ceiling (pit head) of the elevator shaft, while cabin and counterweight depending hang by means of pulleys on the support means. Other possible suspensions are for example 4: 1 and 6: 1, which are usually used in goods lifts. Of course, the rotating element, whose bearing part is monitored, for example, be a guide roller or a pivot lever.

Advantageously, the component on which the fixed component is arranged, movably arranged in the elevator system. In particular, the component is preferably movable in a straight line along a lift shaft. Preferably, the component is a counterweight to the elevator car movable counterweight, which is connected via the suspension means to the elevator car. Such movable components, especially such counterweights, are often difficult to access, making maintenance difficult. Especially in this case, a monitoring of the relatively fixed components with the safety device is particularly advantageous. It is understood, however, that the safety device is also suitable for monitoring fixed components which are fastened to stationary components.

The positional deviation from the desired position which can be monitored by the safety device preferably comprises a deviation component in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable component. This deviation component may in particular result from a rotation with respect to a geometric axis, which is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement or else a translation.

Advantageously, the safety device comprises a detection element for detecting the positional deviation of the fixed component from the desired position and a triggering element, which can cooperate with the safety device for triggering the alarm signal. Detection element and triggering element are arranged and designed such that they can cooperate at least when reaching the predetermined positional deviation of the fixed component of the desired position for triggering the alarm signal.

By having a separate detection element and triggering element, the elements can be arranged on different components of the elevator installation. In particular, the detection element may for example be attached to the stationary component of a movable component, while the trigger element is arranged stationarily in the elevator installation. Preferably, the detection element and trigger element are arranged without contact to each other when a positional deviation of the fixed component is less than the predetermined position deviation. This is particularly advantageous in the case of movable components, since, given a suitable design and relative arrangement of the detection element and the triggering element, movement of the component is not hindered.

Detection element and trigger element thus preferably cooperate only when the predeterminable relative positional deviation of the stationary component has been reached. Preferably, the interaction takes place due to a relative change in position of detection element and trigger element.

Advantageously, the trigger element is stationary in the elevator installation, in particular in an elevator shaft. In this way, the trigger element can be equipped with elements of the security device stationarily mounted in the elevator installation, such as e.g. Switching devices or an alarm device interact in a simple manner, if necessary, also be directly connected. Such switching devices may be actuatable via the trigger element and in addition, e.g. provide a fastener for the trigger element. It is understood that, depending on the requirement, a movable arrangement of the trigger element is possible, in which case a connection to the safety device usually can be achieved only with additional effort.

In principle, it is conceivable that trigger element and detection element interact electrically, i. for example, when electrically touching a circuit of the safety device and thus trigger the alarm signal. Preferably, however, the detection element and the trigger element mechanically act upon reaching the predetermined positional deviation of the fixed component of the desired position together such that on the detection element, a force on the trigger element can be generated. Due to the force effect, to trigger the alarm signal e.g. be achieved by a change in position of the trigger element reached a switching device. The mechanical interaction can take place either directly or indirectly.

Preferably, a tensile force in the trigger element can be generated during the interaction. This is advantageous in particular in the case of an elongated design of the triggering element, for example as a wire or push rod, wherein the tensile force can preferably be generated along the triggering element. In this case, the triggering element may, in the manner of a ripcord, be able to be ripped from a fastening or separated at a predetermined breaking point due to the force effect for actuating a switching device.

Preferably, the trigger element is therefore elongated and preferably extends along the elevator shaft. Such a design is particularly useful in the case of a component movable along the elevator shaft, such as e.g. the counterweight is preferred, in which case the trigger element can be arranged parallel to the direction of movement of the component. The trigger element preferably extends substantially over the entire length of the elevator shaft, preferably substantially at least over the range of movement of the component on which the relatively stationary component is arranged. In this case, the triggering element is preferably made relatively thin, e.g. as a thin rod or wire, so it can be accommodated to save space.

Preferably, a switching device of the safety device is arranged in an end region of the trigger element, which can be actuated via the trigger element. An arrangement of the switching device in an end region of the trigger element has the advantage that the switching device can be arranged stationary at an end-side attachment of the trigger element. The trigger element can be connected directly to the switching device in the end region, e.g. be attached to this. The actuation of the switching device can, as mentioned, e.g. done in the manner of a ripcord or in the case of a rod-shaped training in the manner of a push rod.

The switching device can also be arranged separately from the trigger element of this. In this case, the switching device may be e.g. be actuated via a driver of the trigger element. The actuation is in this case e.g. after a release of the trigger element, for example by mechanical separation due to a longitudinal displacement of the trigger element.

It is understood that the switching device can be arranged in variants in any area of the trigger element. For example, a lateral deflection of the trigger element can be used to actuate the switching device, in which case the switching device can preferably be arranged in the region of the greatest deflection.

Advantageously, the trigger element comprises a wire or a rope. A wire or rope can be installed in a simple way, eg stationary in the elevator shaft. In particular, a wire or rope can be formed largely arbitrarily long, which in particular is advantageous for a trigger element which extends over the entire length of a hoistway.

The wire (hereinafter also representative of ropes) may be formed electrically conductive, for example as a metal wire (or wire rope). In this case, for example, in the event of contact between the detection element and the wire for triggering the alarm signal, a circuit of the safety device can be closed. The circuit can be closed in the case of a movable component, for example via a longitudinal guide of the component to the safety device out. Likewise, alternatively, there may be a current flow in the wire which can be interrupted to trigger the alarm signal in the event of mechanical separation of the wire by the detection element.

Preferably, a trip element designed as a wire is also used when the alarm signal is triggered mechanically. In this case, no electrical conductivity is required, which is why, in principle, e.g. Also, a plastic wire or plastic rope can be used. The formation of the trigger element as a wire in this case has the advantage that a mechanical interaction of detection element and trigger element also allows deformation of the trigger element. For example, the wire can be wound up by the detection element due to the positional deviation of the relatively stationary component, whereby a tensile force in the wire can be generated to trigger the alarm signal. In variants, the wire may e.g. also be severed directly from the detection element.

Preferably, the wire or rope is suspended on one side of a fixture in the elevator shaft and braced with a weight. The attachment may be arranged, for example, on a ceiling of the elevator shaft in the shaft head, wherein the wire or rope from the weight hangs suspended in the elevator shaft. In preferred embodiments, the wire or the cable may also be stretched between two fastenings in the elevator shaft. The fasteners can be arranged on the ceiling and floor of the elevator shaft or on a shaft wall. A tension in the wire can be achieved in this case, for example via a spring device. The fasteners may be provided, for example, by switching devices of the safety device, ie the wire may be attached directly to the switching devices.

In a preferred embodiment, a predetermined breaking point is present in the region of the fastening or at least one of the fastenings of the wire or rope. At the predetermined breaking point as a result of the force generated by the detection element of the wire or the rope depending on the arrangement of the predetermined breaking point at least partially releasable. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in a suspended in the elevator shaft wire, which is covered by a weight. If the additional force exerted by the detection element on the wire, the predetermined breaking point is separable and the wire is releasable. Due to the weight, the wire drops, causing the switching device e.g. via the wire itself or via the weight can be triggered. The predetermined breaking point may be formed on the attachment of the wire or on the wire itself. Instead of the weight, the wire may also be tensioned by a spring arrangement, which e.g. when releasing the wire also triggers the switching device. A predetermined breaking point for releasing the wire can also be advantageous in embodiments in which the wire is stretched between two fasteners.

Advantageously, the detection element of the safety device is mechanically directly, in particular rigid, connected to the relatively fixed component. In this way, a positional deviation of the stationary component results in a direct change in position of the detection element, whereby this can interact with the correspondingly arranged release element. It is understood that the detection element also indirectly, e.g. can be connected via a transmission with the fixed component. However, in terms of design and mechanics, this usually requires more effort and may be more prone to malfunction.

Preferably, the detection element has at least one driver for the trigger element, which is movable in the event of a position deviation from the desired position of the stationary component to the trigger element. The driver may for example be designed as a rod or, for better entrainment of the trigger element, for example, also have a hook-shaped structure. The driver is in the desired position of the relatively fixed component and at a position deviation, which is smaller than the predetermined position deviation, preferably arranged contactlessly to the triggering element. Upon reaching the predetermined position deviation of the driver can take the trigger element and this example in the case of a wire wound or mechanically separating.

If the fixed component is a bearing part of a rotary bearing, the driver of the detection element is preferably mounted in the direction of the axis of rotation and spaced therefrom directly to the bearing part. With the eccentric arrangement achieved in this way, the driver can be brought to the triggering element due to a rotation of the component.

In a preferred embodiment, the driver, in particular elongated, lateral limiters, between which the trigger element, preferably non-contact, is arranged, at least when the fixed component is in the desired position. Preferably, the arrangement is also contactless, if a positional deviation of the relatively fixed component is smaller than the predetermined positional deviation.

The limiters are preferably arranged relative to each other rigidly and spaced from each other, thus forming a gap for the trigger element. In a rotation about an axis parallel to the limiters they can detect the trigger element and wind example in the case of a wire. By two limiters are present, the interaction of trigger element and detection element can be symmetrical, regardless of the direction of rotation.

Preferably, a gap between the lateral limiters is completed, so that the trigger element is completely enclosed. In this case, the driver may be formed, for example, as an eyelet or opening in the driver. The trigger element is preferably passed through the opening, so that upon rotation of the opening about an axis perpendicular to the opening plane, the border come into contact with the trigger element and can take this optionally. It is understood that other embodiments of fully enclosed openings are conceivable. For example, at one end face of the fixed component spaced therefrom, an end plate may be attached via two bearing stubs acting as lateral limiters. The release means may be passed in this case through the so completely bordered space between the end plate and end face of the component. The driver may also include a wire loop surrounding the opening. In variants, the opening can also be formed directly in the stationary component itself, for example as a transverse bore in an axle body.

The invention also relates to a method according to claim 16 for the relative position monitoring of components in an elevator installation with a safety device, in particular in an elevator installation according to the invention. The elevator installation comprises a component, in particular a movable counterweight, to which a component which is relatively fixed with respect to the component in a predetermined desired position is fastened, in particular a bearing part of a bearing of a deflection roller mounted on the component. The method includes monitoring a positional deviation of the stationary component from the desired position with respect to the component with the safety device and triggering an alarm via an alarm device of the safety device when a predetermined relative positional deviation of the stationary component with respect to the component is exceeded.

The triggering of the alarm preferably takes place by mechanical interaction of a detection element of the safety device connected to the relatively stationary component with a triggering element of the safety device, in particular a stationary location in the elevator installation. In this case, the mechanical interaction is preferably carried out in such a way that a force action is generated on the trigger element, due to which a switching device of the alarm device is actuated. Alternatively, the method may also include an actuation of the switching device by closing or interrupting a guided through the trigger element circuit. Further method steps result from the present description of the elevator installation.

From the following detailed description and the totality of the claims, further advantageous embodiments and feature combinations of the invention result.

Fig. 1:

eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Aufzugsanlage mit Sicherheitsvorrichtung;

Fig. 2a:

eine Ansicht eines Gegengewichts mit Umlenkrolle einer erfindungsgemässen Aufzugsanlage;

Fig. 2b:

Ausschnittsvergrösserung einer Stirnseite eines Achskörpers der Umlenkrolle des Gegengewichts der Fig. 2a;

Fig. 3a:

Ansicht gemäss Fig. 2b in einer Draufsicht längs einer Drehachse A mit einem Achskörper in der Solllage;

Fig. 3b:

Ansicht gemäss Fig. 3a mit dem Achskörper in einer von der Solllage abweichenden Lage.

The drawings used to explain the embodiments show schematically:

Fig. 1:

a view of an elevator system according to the invention with safety device;

Fig. 2a:

a view of a counterweight with pulley of an elevator system according to the invention;

Fig. 2b:

Section enlargement of a front side of an axle body of the deflection roller of the counterweight of Fig. 2a ;

Fig. 3a:

View according to Fig. 2b in a plan view along a rotation axis A with an axle body in the desired position;

3b:

View according to Fig. 3a with the axle body in a position deviating from the desired position.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an elevator system 1 according to the invention with a safety device 2. The elevator installation comprises an elevator car 3, which can be moved in an elevator shaft 4 in the vertical direction. On a wall of the elevator shaft 4, a counterweight 5 is arranged, which is also displaceable in the vertical direction in a longitudinal guide 18. Above the counterweight 5, a support means 6 is firmly anchored to the ceiling 9 of the elevator shaft 4. From the attachment, the support means 6 extends in the vertical direction down to a guide roller 7 of the counterweight 5 and is half led around this. Of the guide roller 7, the support means 6 extends in the vertical direction upwards to a further guide roller 8, which is arranged stationarily in an upper region at the ceiling 9 of the elevator shaft 4. Of the guide roller 8, the support means 6 extends next to the elevator car 3 in the vertical direction down and is guided below the elevator car 3 via pulleys 3.1 from one side of the elevator car 3 to the opposite side. From there, the support means 6 is guided next to the elevator car 3 in the vertical direction upwards to a further anchoring to the ceiling 9 of the elevator shaft 4. This 2-in-1 (2-in-1) installation creates a simple pulley that can lift a double payload at half the speed of a 1: 1 direct-cab and counterweight installation via a stationary pulley.

Parallel to a displacement of the counterweight 5 is designed as a wire 11 triggering element 26 of the safety device 2 between the ceiling 9 and the Floor 10 of the elevator shaft 4 stretched. The wire rope 11 is attached to both the ceiling 9 and the bottom 10 to a respective switching device 12 and 13 of the safety device 2. Of course, the wire rope 11 may also be attached to a shaft wall, in which case, if necessary, the switching devices 12 and 13 of the shaft wall can be arranged (not shown). The attachments of the wire rope 11 to the switching devices 12 and 13 may have spring devices, which keep the wire 11 stretched. The switching devices 12 and 13 are designed such that at a sufficient tensile force along the wire rope 11, a switching operation can be triggered. The switching devices 12 and 13 are connected via signal lines 2.1 to a control unit 2.2 of the safety device 2. The control unit 2.2 generates during a switching operation in one or both of the switching devices 12 and 13 an alarm signal. The alarm signal can be forwarded, for example, to a control unit (not shown) of the elevator installation 1. It is understood that the control unit 2.2 of the safety device 2 can be integrated into the control unit of the elevator installation 1.

The wire rope 11 extends in front of an end face of an axle body 15 (see Fig. 2b ) of a bearing of the deflection roller 7. The axle body 15 is relative to the counterweight 5 fixed fixed thereto. The axle body 15 is in a desired position, ie a position in which it is provided fixedly for operation provided. The deflection roller 7 is arranged rotatably about a geometrical axis of rotation A, for example, via a roller bearing or a slide bearing on the stationary axle body 15. The geometric axis of rotation A corresponds essentially to a longitudinal axis of the axle body 15.

The wire rope 11 essentially intersects the axis of rotation A of the deflection roller 7 (see Fig. 2b ). By the wire rope 11 is arranged parallel to the displacement of the counterweight 5, it cuts the axis of rotation A regardless of a displacement position of the counterweight 5. Similarly, a distance of the wire rope 11 from the axle 15 in the axial direction of A, ie also in a direction perpendicular to Wire rope 11, regardless of a displacement position of the counterweight 5 constant. The wire rope 11 can therefore in each shift position of the counterweight 5 by a relatively stationary formed on the counterweight 5 and edged in the direction perpendicular to the wire 11 opening 17 (see Fig. 2b ) pass through without contact.

The opening 17 is bounded in the axial direction of A from an end face 15.1 of the axle body 15 and an end plate 16 spaced therefrom. It is understood that the end face 15.1 of the axle body 15 may be provided by a separate element, which is bolted to the axle body 15 on the front side or from the axle body 15 itself. The front plate 16 is designed as a horizontally arranged strip in the desired position of the axle body 15 and of bearing stubs 24 held at a distance to the front side 15.1 (see Fig. 2b ). The bearing stubs 24 are arranged spaced apart on both sides of the wire rope 11 and form parts of a detection element 25 of the safety device second end 15.1, end plate 16 and bearing stub 24 limit the opening 17, the opening plane is arranged substantially perpendicular to the wire 11. The wire rope 11 passes without contact through the opening 17, when the axle body 15 is in the desired position (see Fig. 2b ).

FIG. 2a schematically shows an oblique view of the counterweight 5 a slightly modified inventive elevator system 1 '. The counterweight 5 is guided on guide shoes (not shown) on both sides in vertical guide rails of the longitudinal guide 18 slidably.

The counterweight 5 has a holding structure 5.1 in the form of holding plates on which the axle body 15 is held relatively stationary with respect to the counterweight 5. The end face 15.1 of the axle body 15 projects beyond in the axial direction, i. in the direction of A, the support structure 5.1 and is about the counterweight 5 on. The arranged in front of the face 15.1 wire rope 11 thus extends completely outside of a range which is covered by the counterweight 5 at a shift.

In the elevator system 1 'of Fig. 2a the wire rope 11 is suspended in contrast to the elevator installation 1 on a mounting 23 on the ceiling 9 of the elevator shaft 4. The attachment 23 comprises a predetermined breaking point 23.1, to which the wire rope 11 is attached. In the region of the bottom 10 of the elevator shaft 4, a weight 22 is suspended freely suspended from the wire rope 11. The wire rope 11 is braced by the attachment 23 in the vertical direction hanging from the weight 22.

The wire rope 11 is attached via a driver 19 on the weight 22. The driver 19 is located immediately above the weight 22 at this and has a lateral Recess 20 with symmetrically designed in the direction of the wire 11 control surfaces. The driver 19 is guided in a longitudinal guide 21, so that the driver 19 in this area not laterally, ie perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 11, can escape. On the longitudinal guide 21, a switching device 13 'is arranged, which protrudes with an actuating element in the recess 20. If there is a sufficiently large displacement of the driver 19 in the direction of the wire rope 11 relative to the longitudinal guide 21, ie relative to the switching device 13 ', the actuating element slides on the control surfaces of the recess 19. The driver 19 actuates the switching device 13 ', whereby a switching operation is triggered. The switching device 13 'is connected via the signal line 2.1 to the control unit 2.2 of the safety device 2, which can generate an alarm signal as a result of the switching operation.

FIG. 2b shows an enlarged detail of an oblique view of the front side 15.1 of the axle body 15. Recognizable is arranged in the direction of A in front of the front side 15.1 end plate 16 with bearing stud 24. Between the bearing sleeve 24 and the front side 15.1 and face plate 16, the wire 11 passes through the opening 17th therethrough.

FIG. 3a shows a plan view of the front side 15.1 of the axle body 15 according Fig. 2b along the axis of rotation A in the desired position. The two bearing stubs 24 are arranged with respect to A on both sides of the wire rope 11 and form lateral limiters of the detection element 25. The face plate 16 also forms a limiter in the axial direction of A.

FIG. 3b shows a view according to Fig. 3a , wherein the axle body is rotated about A in a position deviating from the desired position. In this case, a predeterminable positional deviation is exceeded, so that the detection element 25 interacts mechanically with the triggering element 26. This may be the case, for example, if a roller bearing of the guide roller 7, for example, due to lack of maintenance on the axle body 15 seizes and the axle body 15 is rotated from its attachment. In this case, the bearing neck 24 come into contact with the wire 11 and take this with. The wire rope 11 is wound on the bearing nozzle 24 with a tensile force F along the wire rope 11 is generated.

In the case of the elevator installation 1, this has the consequence that the pulling force triggers a switching operation in the switching devices 12 and / or 13. A corresponding switching signal is transmitted via the signal lines 2.1 to the control unit 2.2, which transmits the alarm signal generated. Optionally, the switching devices 12 and 13 may be formed such that the wire rope 11 is torn to trigger the switching operation in the manner of a rip cord.

In the case of the elevator installation 1 ', the tensile force F has the consequence that the predetermined breaking point 23.1 breaks and the wire rope 11 is thus released. As a result of the release, the wire rope 11 and the weight 22 fall towards the ground 10 and moves the associated driver 19 downwards. The control surfaces of the recess 20 actuate the switching device 13 'and trigger a switching operation. A switching signal is transmitted via the signal line 2.1 to the control unit 2.2, which generates the alarm signal. Alternatively, if e.g. the breaking point 23.1 should fail, if necessary, with sufficient tensile force F, the weight 22 against the force of gravity can be pulled upwards, whereby the driver 19 is moved upward. In a bilateral formation of the recess 19, a switching operation in the switching device 13 'can be triggered in this way also.

From the Fig. 3a and 3b It can be seen that the arrangement of acting as a lateral limiter support piece 24 dictates a positional deviation, in which the bearing stub 24 come into contact with the wire rope 11. At a smaller distance than in Fig. 3a and eg parallel up or down shifted arrangement, the wire rope 11 would be detected by the bearing stub 24 already at a lower positional deviation.

It is immediately apparent that the elevator systems 1 and 1 'shown in the figures are also suitable for embodiments in which a switching operation is triggered electrically. For example, instead of the switching devices 12 and 13 of the elevator installation 1, contacts of a circuit of the safety device 2 for fastening the wire rope 11 may be provided. The tensioned between these contacts wire 11 closes the circuit. In case of an interruption e.g. due to mechanical separation of the wire rope 11, the safety device can generate the alarm signal. For this purpose, a predetermined breaking point, e.g. be provided on the wire rope 11 itself or on the contacts.

Likewise, it can be seen that the bearing stubs 24 are suitable with appropriate training as electrical contacts for contacting the wire rope 11. For example, over the control unit 2.2 on the wire rope 11 and to the bearing neck 24 (eg guided over the guide rails 18 and the counterweight 5 to the bearing neck 24) to a voltage potential, 11 can flow at an electrically conductive contact between the bearing neck 24 and wire rope 11 a current. Due to the current flow, an alarm signal can be generated by the safety device 2. In this case, no force is required on the wire rope 11. Further embodiments are directly accessible to the person skilled in the art.

Claims (17)

Elevator installation (1, 1 ') with a safety device (2) for the relative position monitoring of components in the elevator installation (1, 1'), wherein the elevator installation (1, 1 ') comprises a component (5) on which a relatively stationary component (15), in particular a bearing part of a pivot bearing of a deflection roller (7) mounted on the component (5), is fastened in a predetermined desired position, wherein the safety device (2) is designed and arranged such that a positional deviation of the stationary component (15) the positional deviation with respect to the component (5) can be monitored, wherein the positional deviation which can be monitored by the safety device (2) comprises a rotation and / or a translation of the stationary component (15) with respect to the component (5) on which the stationary component (15 ) is attached and wherein when a predetermined position deviation from the safety device (2) is exceeded, an alarm signal can be generated. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed component (15) is a bearing part of a pivot bearing, in particular an axle body (15), a deflection roller (7), which via the pivot bearing with respect to the component (5). is rotatably mounted on this, in particular the deflection roller (7) for a support means (6) for supporting an elevator car (3) is provided, which support means (6) via the deflection roller (7) to the elevator car (3) is connected and the deflection roller (7) at least partially wraps around. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the component (5) on which the fixed component (15) is arranged, is movably arranged in the elevator installation (1, 1'), in particular in a straight line along an elevator shaft (4) and preferably a counterweight to the elevator car (3) displaceable counterweight (5). Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 4, characterized in that the position of the safety device (2) monitorable position deviation a deviation component in the direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable component (5). Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the safety device (2) comprises a detection element (25) for detecting the positional deviation of the stationary component (15) from the desired position and a triggering element (26) can cooperate with the safety device (2) for triggering the alarm signal comprises, wherein the detection element (25) and the trigger element (26) are designed and arranged such that they at least on reaching the predetermined positional deviation of the fixed component (15) from the desired position can cooperate to trigger the alarm signal. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 5, characterized in that the triggering element (26) is arranged stationarily in the elevator installation (1, 1'), in particular in an elevator shaft (4). Lift installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the detection element (25) and the trigger element (26) mechanically interact on reaching the predetermined positional deviation of the stationary component (15) of the desired position, wherein on the Detection element (25) is a force on the, in particular a tensile force along the trigger element (26) can be generated. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the trigger element (26) is elongated and preferably extends along the elevator shaft (4), in particular substantially over its entire length and in the case of a longitudinal the elevator shaft (4) movable component (5) preferably parallel to the direction of movement of the component (5) and in particular substantially at least over the length of the range of movement of the component (5). Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 8, characterized in that in an end region of the trigger element (26) a switching device (12, 13, 13') of the safety device (2) is arranged, which via the trigger element (26) is actuated. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 9, characterized in that the trigger element (26) comprises a wire or a rope (11). Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 10, characterized in that the wire or rope (11) is suspended on one side from a fastening (23) in the elevator shaft (4) and is tensioned by a weight (22) or stretched between two fastenings , Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to claim 11, characterized in that in the region of the attachment (23) or at least one of the fastenings of the wire or rope (11) a predetermined breaking point (23.1) is present. Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that the detection element (25) is mechanically directly, in particular rigidly, connected to the stationary component (15). Elevator installation (1, 1 ') according to one of claims 5 to 13, characterized in that the detection element (26) has at least one driver, which is movable in the event of a positional deviation from the desired position of the stationary component (15) towards the release element. Elevator installation according to claim 14, characterized in that the driver comprises lateral, in particular oblong, limiters (24), between which the trigger element (26) is arranged, preferably without contact, when the stationary component (15) is in the desired position. Method for relative position monitoring of components in an elevator installation (1, 1 ') with a safety device (2), in particular in an elevator installation (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the elevator installation (1, 1 ') has a safety device Component (5), in particular a counterweight to a lift cage (3) displaceable counterweight (5), on which a respect to the component (5) fixed in a predetermined desired position component (15) is fixed, in particular a bearing part of a pivot bearing of a component mounted on the deflection roller (7), comprising the steps: Monitoring a relative rotational or translational positional deviation of the stationary component (15) from the desired position relative to the component (5) with the safety device (2), - Generating an alarm signal by the safety device (2) when a predetermined relative position deviation is exceeded. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that the generation of the alarm signal by mechanical interaction of a detection element (25) of the safety device (2) connected to the stationary component (15) with a, in particular stationary in the elevator installation (1, 1 '), Triggering element (26) of the safety device (2), wherein the mechanical interaction is preferably such that a force on the, in particular a tensile force in the trigger element (26) is generated.

Images