EP0668235A1 - Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors - Google Patents

Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0668235A1
EP0668235A1 EP94102545A EP94102545A EP0668235A1 EP 0668235 A1 EP0668235 A1 EP 0668235A1 EP 94102545 A EP94102545 A EP 94102545A EP 94102545 A EP94102545 A EP 94102545A EP 0668235 A1 EP0668235 A1 EP 0668235A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
driver
unlocking
door
bellows
air bellows
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94102545A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0668235B1 (en
Inventor
Peter A. Dipl. El. Ing. Eth Spiess
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to AT94102545T priority Critical patent/ATE180462T1/en
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP94102545A priority patent/EP0668235B1/en
Priority to ES94102545T priority patent/ES2134278T3/en
Priority to DE59408312T priority patent/DE59408312D1/en
Priority to US08/378,597 priority patent/US5544720A/en
Priority to CA002142073A priority patent/CA2142073A1/en
Priority to JP7032541A priority patent/JPH07267545A/en
Publication of EP0668235A1 publication Critical patent/EP0668235A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0668235B1 publication Critical patent/EP0668235B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B13/00—Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift well landings
    • B66B13/02—Door or gate operation
    • B66B13/12—Arrangements for effecting simultaneous opening or closing of cage and landing doors

Definitions

  • Driver and unlocking system for elevators by means of a horizontally extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element on the car door, which, when extended, moves into a target stop between the driver and unlocking rollers of the shaft door when the elevator car is retracted, thereby spreading the laterally movable drivers and Unlocking rollers mechanically unlock the shaft door and then, driven by the door drive, takes the coupled shaft door in the opening direction.
  • the French patent specification No. 1.005.032 describes an extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element of the type mentioned at the beginning.
  • the retraction takes place by energizing two electromagnets against the force of a tension spring.
  • the extension or dropping of the element after de-energization of the electromagnets is effected by this tension spring, which lifts the magnet armature via a lever system and pushes the element outwards into the dropped position.
  • This driver element has some mechanically moving parts on the inside which, although subject to considerable wear and tear, are not easily accessible for maintenance and repairs. Furthermore, noise problems can occur with magnet systems of the proposed type.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a driver and release system for elevator doors, which has fewer wearing parts and performs additional functions.
  • the driver element has no mechanically rubbing wear parts and that the actuating part and driver element can be placed separately. Another advantage is that the actuating part also unlocks the cabin door.
  • an electromagnet consisting of a magnet coil 1.1 and a magnet housing 1.2, is fastened to a cabin wall 12 behind a cabin door leaf 11 with a bolt opening 11.1. About half the length of a bolt-shaped magnet armature 2 projects into the central opening of the electromagnet 1.
  • the magnet armature 2 consists in the front part 2.1 of magnetically non-conductive material and in the rear part 2.2 of magnetically conductive material.
  • the rear part 2.2 is part of a rear end plate 3.1 of an air bellows 3, the front end plate 3.2 of which is fastened to a carrier plate 13 connected to the cabin wall 12.
  • the air bellows 3 is connected via an air hose 4 emerging from the front end plate 3.2 to the inner volume of a driver and unlocking element 5, also designed as an air bellows and attached to the cabin door leaf 11, hereinafter referred to as driver and unlocking curve.
  • driver and unlocking curve 5 Inside the driver and unlocking curve 5 there is at least one compression spring 14 which presses the driver and unlocking curve 5 into the extended position.
  • the entraining and unlocking curve 5 On the side facing a shaft door 20, the entraining and unlocking curve 5 has a beveled curve entry flank 22 on both sides at the top and bottom, and a vertically running curve flank 21 of stiffened material on both sides.
  • the front end forms a front surface 25, which runs parallel to the shaft door 20, is flat in the door bridging area and is chamfered at both ends.
  • the actual bellows part of the driver and unlocking curve 5 is designated by 26 and is located between the front or front mentioned. Flank surfaces 21, 22 and 25 and the cabin door 11, where it is attached and connected to the air hose 4.
  • the driver and unlocking curve 5 is in contact with driver and unlocking rollers 6 which rest on the curve flanks 21.
  • the entrainment and unlocking rollers 6 are held via roller axles 9 in an elastic bearing block 7 fastened to the shaft door 20.
  • the roller axles 9 have levers 17 fastened by means of adjusting rings 16 (visible in FIG. 2), which are connected in an articulated manner to one end of pull tabs 15. These are also articulated to a vertical push rod 8 at their other end.
  • the vertical push rod 8 emerges through an opening to the upper end face of the shaft door 20 and ends with a horizontal bolt 10. This engages in a bolt slot 24 in A shaft door frame 23 when the push rod 8 is moved downwards.
  • the push rod 8 is pressed by means of a compression spring 18 between a stop 19 and the inner wall of the upper front surface of the shaft door 20.
  • the pull tabs 15 and the push rod 8 are arranged one behind the other, connected by hinge pins.
  • the elastic bearing block 7 is provided as a homogeneous rubber block, in which the roller bolts 9 are cast, and which enables the elastic spreading movement of the roller bolts 9. 1 and 2, the driver and unlocking system is shown in the de-energized, non-actuated state.
  • the driver and release system is shown in the actuated state, that is, with the electromagnet 1 energized.
  • the entraining and unlocking rollers 6 are in the rest position in the contracted state.
  • the angle between the contracted entrainment and unlocking rollers 6 is determined by the mutual contact of the end faces of the levers 17, which additionally act as limiting stops, since in this position the roller lever 9 still has an elastic prestress in the contracting sense.
  • the pull tabs 15 shown in simplified form as lines are shown in two different positions of the pull tabs; as a solid line in the contracted state of the driver and unlocking rollers 6 as shown in FIG. 4 and as dashed lines in the spread state of the driver and unlocking rollers 6.
  • the push rod 8 is shown in two different positions. The vertical distance between the solid and dashed line, which represents the lower end face of the push rod 8, corresponds to the vertical stroke of the push rod 8 when the driving and unlocking rollers 6 are spread.
  • a gas for example air
  • the air is in a closed system, formed from the volumes of the air bellows 3 connected to the electromagnet 1, the air hose 4 and the driver and unlocking curve 5.
  • the electromagnet 1 When the electromagnet 1 is de-energized, the spring 14 presses the driver and unlocking curve 5 in front and sucks the air out of the air bellows 3, whereupon the latter is drawn together and pulls the magnet armature 2 out of the bolt opening 11.1 of the cabin door 11 and unlocks the cabin door 11.
  • the extended or dropped driver and unlocking curve 5 travels between the driver and unlocking rollers 6 when the cabin moves into the destination floor and spreads them over the beveled curve entry flanks 22 in the state shown in FIG. 2 when it approaches.
  • the driving and unlocking rollers 6 When the driving and unlocking rollers 6 are spread, they lift the push rod 8 upward via the pull tabs 15 and unlock the shaft door 20 by lifting the bolt 10 out of the locking slot 24 in a shaft door frame part 24.
  • the cabin door is 11 and the shaft door 20 are unlocked and mechanically coupled for the purpose of taking them along when they are subsequently opened.
  • the shaft and car doors 20, 11 are closed by the door drive (not shown) and locked in the closed position.
  • the locking takes place by switching on the supply voltage to the electromagnet 1, whereupon the air bellows 3 is pulled apart and the driver and unlocking curve 5 is pulled together.
  • the pulling together of the entraining and unlocking curve 5 causes the entraining and unlocking rollers 6 to collapse (FIG. 4), pull the push rod 8 downwards and insert the bolt 10 into the bolt slot 24, whereupon the shaft door is locked.
  • the magnetizable part of the magnet armature 2.2 is drawn into the electromagnet 1 by magnetic force, the front non-magnetizable part 2.1 of the magnet armature 2 is moved into the bolt opening 11.1 of the car door 11 and the car door 11 is locked.
  • the driver and unlocking curve 5 is to be attached to the cabin door 20 at a specific location; the actuating part with electromagnet 1 and air bellows 3 can be attached at any suitable location in the cabin 12. It is only necessary to ensure that the magnet armature 2 can lock the car door 11.
  • the air hose 4 can be like a flexible electrical cable can be installed and installed partially freely hanging between cabin 12 and cabin door 11.
  • the cabin door 11 and the landing door 20 are unlocked when the electromagnet 1 is de-energized.
  • the unlocking function can be reversed if the compression spring 14 were used in the air bellows 3 and the magnet armature 2 could be magnetized in part 2.1. Then unlocking takes place only when voltage is applied to the electromagnet 1.
  • the elastic bearing block 7 can also be implemented by a conventional construction with mechanical roller lever bearings and a tension spring between the roller levers.
  • the previously mentioned stiffening of the curve entry flanks 22, the curve flanks 21 and the front surface 25 of the driver and unlocking curve 5 can be achieved by means of metal inserts in the material of the driver and unlocking curve 5.
  • the material for the production of the entraining and unlocking curve 5 in general and the air bellows part 26 in particular preferably consists of a flexible but non-stretchable plastic.
  • the air bellows 3 of the actuating device preferably also consists of flexible but non-stretchable plastic, the rear and front end plates 3.1 and 3.2 each consisting of hard and stable material. The parallel guidance of the air bellows is ensured by the anchor bolt 2 connected to the rear end plate 3.1 and guided in the electromagnet 1.
  • microswitches are used to control the movement of the air bellows 3 and 26, which are placed on the inside of the air bellows 3, 26 and actuated in the contracted state of an air bellows 3 or 26.
  • Lead wires which are led out in a gastight manner are preferably led to a monitoring circuit.
  • the monitoring circuit can control a vacuum pump which is permanently connected to the closed gas system and which, in the event of an inadmissible reduction in the vacuum, restores the vacuum required for the function.
  • the device is designed as a printing system.
  • a compression spring is inserted over the magnet armature 2 between the magnet housing 1.2 and the rear end plate 3.1, and the compression spring 14 is designed in the driver and unlocking curve 5 as a return spring.
  • the compression spring placed on the magnet armature 2 must be dimensioned so strongly that the driver and unlocking curve remains stable in the extended position in the rest position of the system.
  • System pressure and tension spring in the driver and unlocking curve 5 are matched to one another so that the driver and unlocking curve 5 can be contracted when the electromagnet 1 is actuated.
  • the same elements can be used to monitor a pressure system, with the difference that a pressure pump is then used instead of a vacuum pump.
  • the device is designed as a pressure-free, open system connected to the external pressure in the rest position.
  • the compression spring above the magnet armature 2 is also required and the compression spring 14 in the driver and unlocking curve 5 remains a compression spring.
  • the electromagnet 1 is actuated, however, the system is closed with a controlled valve, because the pulling together of the driver and unlocking curve 5 must be carried out with negative pressure.
  • the actuating device with the electromagnet 1 and the bellows 3 can in an expanded version for special purposes with a branching hose 4 simultaneously two driver and Press unlocking curves 5.
  • a pressure or vacuum air pump is used as the actuating part.

Abstract

A locking system for the doors of a lift comprises a solenoid (1) with armature (2) and air bellows (3). The latter communicates via a tube (4) with the bellows (26) for the lock. This has a reinforced front surface (22) and an internal spring (14) to bias it into the extended position. It is withdrawn by vacuum from the first bellows when the armature is moved. On the surface of the second bellows is a roller (6) operating the door for the lift shaft by means of a thrust rod (8). The movement of the two bellows is determined by microswitches feeding a monitoring system connected to an auxiliary vacuum pump.

Description

Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem für Aufzüge mittels an der Kabinentür vorhandenem horizontal ausfahr- und rückziehbarem Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement, welches im ausgefahrenen Zustand beim Einfahren der Aufzugskabine in einen Zielhalt zwischen die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen der Schachttür fährt und dabei durch Spreizen der seitlich beweglichen Mitnehmer und Entriegelungsrollen die Schachttür mechanisch entriegelt und dann, angetrieben durch den Türantrieb, die gekuppelte Schachttür in Oeffnungsrichtung mitnimmt.Driver and unlocking system for elevators by means of a horizontally extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element on the car door, which, when extended, moves into a target stop between the driver and unlocking rollers of the shaft door when the elevator car is retracted, thereby spreading the laterally movable drivers and Unlocking rollers mechanically unlock the shaft door and then, driven by the door drive, takes the coupled shaft door in the opening direction.

Die französische Patentschrift Nr. 1.005.032 beschreibt ein ausfahr- und rückziehbares Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement der eingangs genannten Art. Das Rückziehen erfolgt durch Erregung von zwei Elektromagneten gegen die Kraft einer Zugfeder. Das Ausfahren oder Abfallen des Elementes nach Entregung der Elektromagnete wird durch diese Zugfeder bewirkt, welche über ein Hebelsystem die Magnetanker abhebt und das Element auswärts in die abgefallene Position stösst.The French patent specification No. 1.005.032 describes an extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element of the type mentioned at the beginning. The retraction takes place by energizing two electromagnets against the force of a tension spring. The extension or dropping of the element after de-energization of the electromagnets is effected by this tension spring, which lifts the magnet armature via a lever system and pushes the element outwards into the dropped position.

Dieses Mitnehmerelement weist innen einige mechanisch bewegte Teile auf, die, obwohl einer nicht unwesentlichen Abnützung unterworfen, für Unterhalt und Reparaturen nicht leicht zugänglich sind. Ferner können bei Magnetsystemen der vorgeschlagenen Art Geräuschprobleme auftreten.This driver element has some mechanically moving parts on the inside which, although subject to considerable wear and tear, are not easily accessible for maintenance and repairs. Furthermore, noise problems can occur with magnet systems of the proposed type.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsystem für Aufzugstüren zu schaffen, welches weniger Verschleissteile aufweist und zusätzliche Funktionen ausführt.The present invention has for its object to provide a driver and release system for elevator doors, which has fewer wearing parts and performs additional functions.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnete Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention characterized in the claims.

Die Vorteile der Erfindung bestehen darin, dass das Mitnehmerelement keine mechanisch reibenden Verschleissteile aufweist und dass Betätigungsteil und Mitnehmerelement separat plaziert werden können. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass der Betätigungsteil auch die Kabinentür entriegelt.The advantages of the invention are that the driver element has no mechanically rubbing wear parts and that the actuating part and driver element can be placed separately. Another advantage is that the actuating part also unlocks the cabin door.

In den Zeichnungen ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes dargestellt und es zeigen

  • Fig.1 ein Querschnitt durch das System im nicht betätigten und entriegelten Zustand mit Betätigungsteil und Seitenansicht das Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement im Eingriff mit der Schachttür,
  • Fig.2 eine Grundrissansicht der Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungselement im Eingriff mit der Schachttür,
  • Fig.3 ein Querschnitt durch das System im betätigten und verriegelten Zustand mit Betätigungsteil und Seitenansicht des Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselementes im ausgekuppelten Zustand,
  • Fig.4 eine Grundrissansicht des Mitnehmer-und Verriegelungselementes im ausgekuppelten Zustand, und
  • Fig.5 eine Prinzipskizze des Bewegungsablaufes bei der Schachttür-Entriegelung.
In the drawings, an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown and show it
  • 1 shows a cross section through the system in the non-actuated and unlocked state with the actuating part and a side view of the driver and unlocking element in engagement with the shaft door,
  • 2 shows a plan view of the driver and unlocking element in engagement with the shaft door,
  • 3 shows a cross section through the system in the actuated and locked state with the actuating part and side view of the driver and unlocking element in the disengaged state,
  • 4 shows a plan view of the driver and locking element in the disengaged state, and
  • 5 shows a schematic diagram of the sequence of movements when unlocking the shaft door.

In der Fig.1 ist hinter einem Kabinentürflügel 11 mit einer Riegelöffnung 11.1 an einer Kabinenwand 12 ein Elektromagnet 1 befestigt, bestehend aus einer Magnetspule 1.1 und einem Magnetgehäuse 1.2. In die zentrale Oeffnung des Elektromagneten 1 ragt etwa die halbe Länge eines bolzenförmigen Magnetankers 2 hinein. Der Magnetanker 2 besteht im vorderen Teil 2.1 aus magnetisch nicht leitendem Material und im hinteren Teil 2.2 aus magnetisch leitendem Material. Der hintere Teil 2.2 ist Bestandteil einer hinteren Stirnplatte 3.1 eines Luftbalges 3, dessen vordere Stirnplatte 3.2 an einem mit der Kabinenwand 12 verbundenen Trägerblech 13 befestigt ist. Der Luftbalg 3 ist über einen aus der vorderen Stirnplatte 3.2 austretenden Luftschlauch 4 mit dem Innenvolumen eines ebenfalls als Luftbalg ausgebildeten und am Kabinentürflügel 11 angebrachten Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselementes 5, in der Folge Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve genannt, verbunden. Im Innern der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 ist mindestens eine Druckfeder 14 vorhanden, welche die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 in die ausgefahrene Stellung drückt. Auf der, einer Schachttür 20 zugekehrten Seite weist die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 oben und unten beidseitig eine angeschrägte Kurveneintrittsflanke 22, und beidseitig eine vertikal verlaufende Kurvenflanke 21 je aus versteiftem Material auf. Der frontseitige Abschluss bildet eine parallel zur Schachttür 20 verlaufende, im Türüberbrückungsbereich ebene und an den beiden Enden angeschrägte Frontfläche 25. Der eigentliche Balgteil der Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungskurve 5 ist mit 26 bezeichnet und befindet sich zwischen den erwähnten Front- bezw. Flankenflächen 21, 22 und 25 und der Kabinentür 11, wo er befestigt und mit dem Luftschlauch 4 verbunden ist. Die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 ist in Kontakt mit Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 welche auf den Kurvenflanken 21 anliegen. Die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 sind über Rollenachsen 9 in einem elastischen, an der Schachttür 20 befestigten Lagerblock 7 gehalten. Die Rollenachsen 9 weisen mittels Stellringen 16 befestigte Hebel 17 auf (in Fig.2 sichtbar), welche gelenkig mit einem Ende von Zuglaschen 15 verbunden sind. Diese sind an ihrem anderen Ende ebenfalls gelenkig mit einer vertikalen Schubstange 8 verbunden. Die vertikale Schubstange 8 tritt zur oberen Stirnseite der Schachttür 20 durch eine Oeffnung heraus und endet mit einem horizontalen Riegel 10. Dieser greift in einen Riegelschlitz 24 im Schachttürrahmen 23 ein, wenn die Schubstange 8 nach unten bewegt wird. Die Schubstange 8 wird mittels einer Druckfeder 18 zwischen einem Anschlag 19 und der Innenwand der oberen Frontfläche der Schachttür 20 nach unten gedrückt.In FIG. 1, an electromagnet 1, consisting of a magnet coil 1.1 and a magnet housing 1.2, is fastened to a cabin wall 12 behind a cabin door leaf 11 with a bolt opening 11.1. About half the length of a bolt-shaped magnet armature 2 projects into the central opening of the electromagnet 1. The magnet armature 2 consists in the front part 2.1 of magnetically non-conductive material and in the rear part 2.2 of magnetically conductive material. The rear part 2.2 is part of a rear end plate 3.1 of an air bellows 3, the front end plate 3.2 of which is fastened to a carrier plate 13 connected to the cabin wall 12. The air bellows 3 is connected via an air hose 4 emerging from the front end plate 3.2 to the inner volume of a driver and unlocking element 5, also designed as an air bellows and attached to the cabin door leaf 11, hereinafter referred to as driver and unlocking curve. Inside the driver and unlocking curve 5 there is at least one compression spring 14 which presses the driver and unlocking curve 5 into the extended position. On the side facing a shaft door 20, the entraining and unlocking curve 5 has a beveled curve entry flank 22 on both sides at the top and bottom, and a vertically running curve flank 21 of stiffened material on both sides. The front end forms a front surface 25, which runs parallel to the shaft door 20, is flat in the door bridging area and is chamfered at both ends. The actual bellows part of the driver and unlocking curve 5 is designated by 26 and is located between the front or front mentioned. Flank surfaces 21, 22 and 25 and the cabin door 11, where it is attached and connected to the air hose 4. The driver and unlocking curve 5 is in contact with driver and unlocking rollers 6 which rest on the curve flanks 21. The entrainment and unlocking rollers 6 are held via roller axles 9 in an elastic bearing block 7 fastened to the shaft door 20. The roller axles 9 have levers 17 fastened by means of adjusting rings 16 (visible in FIG. 2), which are connected in an articulated manner to one end of pull tabs 15. These are also articulated to a vertical push rod 8 at their other end. The vertical push rod 8 emerges through an opening to the upper end face of the shaft door 20 and ends with a horizontal bolt 10. This engages in a bolt slot 24 in A shaft door frame 23 when the push rod 8 is moved downwards. The push rod 8 is pressed by means of a compression spring 18 between a stop 19 and the inner wall of the upper front surface of the shaft door 20.

In der Fig.2 ist das von den Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 über die Hebel 17, Zuglaschen 15 und Schubstange 8 betätigte Schachttür- Entriegelungssystem von oben gesehen dargestellt. Die einwärts leicht abgeknickten Hebel 17 sind nach innen gegeneinander gerichtet und deren Enden weisen zueinander einen durch die Spreizung der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 bewirkten Zwischenraum auf.2 shows the shaft door unlocking system actuated by the entrainment and unlocking rollers 6 via the levers 17, pull tabs 15 and push rod 8, viewed from above. The inwards slightly bent levers 17 are directed towards each other inwards and their ends have an intermediate space caused by the spreading of the entraining and unlocking rollers 6.

Die Zuglaschen 15 und die Schubstange 8 sind, verbunden durch Gelenkbolzen, hintereinander angeordnet. Der elastische Lagerblock 7 ist im Beispiel als homogener Gummiblock vorgesehen, in welchem die Rollenbolzen 9 eingegossen sind, und der die elastische Spreizbewegung der Rollenbolzen 9 ermöglicht. In der Fig. 1 und 2 ist das Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem im stromlosen, nicht betätigten Zustand dargestellt.The pull tabs 15 and the push rod 8 are arranged one behind the other, connected by hinge pins. In the example, the elastic bearing block 7 is provided as a homogeneous rubber block, in which the roller bolts 9 are cast, and which enables the elastic spreading movement of the roller bolts 9. 1 and 2, the driver and unlocking system is shown in the de-energized, non-actuated state.

In der Fig. 3 und 4 ist das Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem im betätigten Zustand, das heisst mit erregtem Elektromagnet 1 dargestellt. Es sind keine neuen, noch nicht erwähnte Teile vorhanden. In der Fig. 4 befinden sich die Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungsrollen 6 in Ruhelage im zusammengezogenen Zustand. Der Winkel zwischen den zusammen gezogenen Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungsrollen 6 ist durch die gegenseitige Berührung der Stirnflächen der Hebel 17 bestimmt, wodurch diese zusätzlich als begrenzende Anschläge wirken, da auch in dieser Position der Rollenhebel 9 immer noch elastische Vorspannung im zusammenziehenden Sinne herrscht.3 and 4, the driver and release system is shown in the actuated state, that is, with the electromagnet 1 energized. There are no new parts not mentioned yet. 4, the entraining and unlocking rollers 6 are in the rest position in the contracted state. The angle between the contracted entrainment and unlocking rollers 6 is determined by the mutual contact of the end faces of the levers 17, which additionally act as limiting stops, since in this position the roller lever 9 still has an elastic prestress in the contracting sense.

In der Fig. 5 ist das mechanische Prinzip der Schachttürverriegelung dargestellt. Eine obere Gelenkverbindung der Zuglaschen 15 mit dem Hebel 17 ist mit 15.1 und eine untere Gelenkverbindung der Zuglasche 15 mit der Schubstange 8 ist mit 15.2 bezeichnet. Die als Linien vereinfacht dargestellten Zuglaschen 15 sind in zwei verschiedenen Stellungen der Zuglaschen dargestellt; als durchgezogene Linie im zusammengezogenen Zustand der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 gemäss Fig. 4 und als gestrichelte Linien im gespreizten Zustand der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6. Ebenso ist die Schubstange 8 in zwei verschiedenen Positionen dargestellt. Die vertikale Distanz zwischen der durchgezogenen und gestrichelten, die untere Stirnseite der Schubstange 8 darstellende, Linie entspricht dem vertikalen Hubweg der Schubstange 8 beim Spreizen der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6.5, the mechanical principle of the shaft door lock is shown. An upper joint connection of the pull tabs 15 with the lever 17 is denoted by 15.1 and a lower joint connection of the pull tab 15 with the push rod 8 is denoted by 15.2. The pull tabs 15 shown in simplified form as lines are shown in two different positions of the pull tabs; as a solid line in the contracted state of the driver and unlocking rollers 6 as shown in FIG. 4 and as dashed lines in the spread state of the driver and unlocking rollers 6. Likewise, the push rod 8 is shown in two different positions. The vertical distance between the solid and dashed line, which represents the lower end face of the push rod 8, corresponds to the vertical stroke of the push rod 8 when the driving and unlocking rollers 6 are spread.

Das erfindungsgemässe Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem funktioniert wie folgt: Als Uebertragungsmedium ist vorzugsweise ein Gas, zum Beispiel Luft vorgesehen. Die Luft befindet sich in einem geschlossenen System, gebildet aus den Volumina des mit dem Elektromagneten 1 verbundenen Luftbalges 3, des Luftschlauches 4 und der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5. Im spannungslosen Zustand des Elektromagneten 1 drückt die Feder 14 die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 nach vorn und saugt die Luft aus dem Luftbalg 3, worauf dieser zusammengezogen wird und den Magnetanker 2 aus der Riegelöffnung 11.1 der Kabinentür 11 herauszieht und die Kabinentür 11 entriegelt. Die ausgefahrene oder abgefallene Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 fährt beim Einfahren der Kabine in das Zielstockwerk zwischen die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 und spreizt diese beim Auflaufen über die angeschrägten Kurveneintrittsflanken 22 in den in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Zustand. Beim Spreizen der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 heben diese über die Zuglaschen 15 die Schubstange 8 nach oben und entriegeln durch herausheben des Riegels 10 aus dem Riegelschlitz 24 in einem Schachttürrahmenteil 24 die Schachttür 20. In diesem Zustand des Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystems sind also die Kabinentür 11 und die Schachttür 20 entriegelt und zwecks gemeinsamer Mitnahme beim nachfolgenden Oeffnen mechanisch gekuppelt.The driver and unlocking system according to the invention functions as follows: A gas, for example air, is preferably provided as the transmission medium. The air is in a closed system, formed from the volumes of the air bellows 3 connected to the electromagnet 1, the air hose 4 and the driver and unlocking curve 5. When the electromagnet 1 is de-energized, the spring 14 presses the driver and unlocking curve 5 in front and sucks the air out of the air bellows 3, whereupon the latter is drawn together and pulls the magnet armature 2 out of the bolt opening 11.1 of the cabin door 11 and unlocks the cabin door 11. The extended or dropped driver and unlocking curve 5 travels between the driver and unlocking rollers 6 when the cabin moves into the destination floor and spreads them over the beveled curve entry flanks 22 in the state shown in FIG. 2 when it approaches. When the driving and unlocking rollers 6 are spread, they lift the push rod 8 upward via the pull tabs 15 and unlock the shaft door 20 by lifting the bolt 10 out of the locking slot 24 in a shaft door frame part 24. In this state of the driving and unlocking system, the cabin door is 11 and the shaft door 20 are unlocked and mechanically coupled for the purpose of taking them along when they are subsequently opened.

Vor dem Wegfahren des Aufzuges von einer Haltestelle werden die Schacht- und Kabinentür 20, 11 vom nicht dargestellten Türantrieb geschlossen und in der Geschlossenstellung verriegelt. Das Verriegeln erfolgt durch Einschalten der Speisespannung zum Elektromagneten 1, worauf der Luftbalg 3 auseinandergezogen und die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 zusammengezogen wird. Das Zusammenziehen der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 lässt die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen 6 zusammenklappen (Fig.4), die Schubstange 8 nach unten ziehen und den Riegel 10 in den Riegelschlitz 24 einfahren, worauf die Schachttür verriegelt ist. Auf der Betätigungsseite wird der magnetisierbare Teil des Magnetankers 2.2 in den Elektromagnet 1 durch Magnetkraft hineingezogen, der vordere nicht magnetisierbare Teil 2.1 des Magnetankers 2 in die Riegelöffnung 11.1 der Kabinentür 11 eingefahren und die Kabinentür 11 verriegelt.Before the elevator moves away from a stop, the shaft and car doors 20, 11 are closed by the door drive (not shown) and locked in the closed position. The locking takes place by switching on the supply voltage to the electromagnet 1, whereupon the air bellows 3 is pulled apart and the driver and unlocking curve 5 is pulled together. The pulling together of the entraining and unlocking curve 5 causes the entraining and unlocking rollers 6 to collapse (FIG. 4), pull the push rod 8 downwards and insert the bolt 10 into the bolt slot 24, whereupon the shaft door is locked. On the actuation side, the magnetizable part of the magnet armature 2.2 is drawn into the electromagnet 1 by magnetic force, the front non-magnetizable part 2.1 of the magnet armature 2 is moved into the bolt opening 11.1 of the car door 11 and the car door 11 is locked.

Beim erfindungsgemässen Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem ist nur die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 an einem bestimmten Ort an der Kabinentür 20 anzubringen; der Betätigungsteil mit Elektromagnet 1 und Luftbalg 3 kann an irgend einer konstruktiv passenden Stelle der Kabine 12 angebracht werden. Es ist lediglich darauf zu achten, dass der Magnetanker 2 die Kabinentür 11 verriegeln kann. Der Luftschlauch 4 kann wie ein flexibles Elektrokabel verlegt und teilweise frei hängend zwischen Kabine 12 und Kabinentür 11 installiert werden.In the driver and unlocking system according to the invention, only the driver and unlocking curve 5 is to be attached to the cabin door 20 at a specific location; the actuating part with electromagnet 1 and air bellows 3 can be attached at any suitable location in the cabin 12. It is only necessary to ensure that the magnet armature 2 can lock the car door 11. The air hose 4 can be like a flexible electrical cable can be installed and installed partially freely hanging between cabin 12 and cabin door 11.

In der gezeigten Version sind die Kabinentür 11 und die Schachttür 20 im spannungslosen Zustand des Elektromagneten 1 entriegelt. Die Entriegelungsfunktion lässt sich umkehren, wenn die Druckfeder 14 im Luftbalg 3 eingesetzt würde und der Magnetanker 2 im Teil 2.1 magnetisierbar wäre. Dann erfolgt eine Entriegelung nur, wenn Spannung an den Elektromagneten 1 angelegt wird.In the version shown, the cabin door 11 and the landing door 20 are unlocked when the electromagnet 1 is de-energized. The unlocking function can be reversed if the compression spring 14 were used in the air bellows 3 and the magnet armature 2 could be magnetized in part 2.1. Then unlocking takes place only when voltage is applied to the electromagnet 1.

Der elastische Lagerblock 7 kann auch durch eine konventionelle Konstruktion mit mechanischen Rollenhebellagern und einer Zugfeder zwischen den Rollenhebeln ausgeführt werden.The elastic bearing block 7 can also be implemented by a conventional construction with mechanical roller lever bearings and a tension spring between the roller levers.

Die vorhergehend erwähnten Versteifungen der Kurveneintrittsflanken 22, der Kurvenflanken 21 und der Frontfläche 25 der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 kann mittels Metalleinlagen im Material der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 erreicht werden. Das Material für die Herstellung der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 allgemein und des Luftbalgteils 26 im speziellen besteht vorzugsweise aus einem flexiblen, aber nicht dehnbaren Kunststoff. Der Luftbalg 3 der Betätigungseinrichtung besteht vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus flexiblem, aber nicht dehnbarem Kunststoff, wobei die hintere und vordere Stirnplatte 3.1 und 3.2 je aus hartem und stabilem Material bestehen. Die parallele Führung des Luftbalges ist durch den mit der hinteren Stirnplatte 3.1 verbundenen und im Elektromagnet 1 geführten Ankerbolzen 2 gewährleistet. Als Bewegungskontrolle der Luftbälge 3 und 26 werden in einer weiter entwickelten Form der Erfindung Mikroschalter eingesetzt, welche im Innern der Luftbälge 3, 26 an einer Stirnwand plaziert, und im zusammengezogenen Zustand eines Luftbalges 3 oder 26 betätigt werden. Gasdicht herausgeführte Anschlussdrähte werden vorzugsweise zu einer Ueberwachungsschaltung geführt. Die Ueberwachungsschaltung kann eine mit dem geschlossenen Gassystem permanent verbundene Vakuumpumpe steuern, welche bei unzulässigem Nachlassen des Unterdruckes den funktionsbedingt erforderlichen Unterdruck wieder herstellt.The previously mentioned stiffening of the curve entry flanks 22, the curve flanks 21 and the front surface 25 of the driver and unlocking curve 5 can be achieved by means of metal inserts in the material of the driver and unlocking curve 5. The material for the production of the entraining and unlocking curve 5 in general and the air bellows part 26 in particular preferably consists of a flexible but non-stretchable plastic. The air bellows 3 of the actuating device preferably also consists of flexible but non-stretchable plastic, the rear and front end plates 3.1 and 3.2 each consisting of hard and stable material. The parallel guidance of the air bellows is ensured by the anchor bolt 2 connected to the rear end plate 3.1 and guided in the electromagnet 1. In a further developed form of the invention, microswitches are used to control the movement of the air bellows 3 and 26, which are placed on the inside of the air bellows 3, 26 and actuated in the contracted state of an air bellows 3 or 26. Lead wires which are led out in a gastight manner are preferably led to a monitoring circuit. The monitoring circuit can control a vacuum pump which is permanently connected to the closed gas system and which, in the event of an inadmissible reduction in the vacuum, restores the vacuum required for the function.

In einer zweiten Variante wird die Einrichtung als Drucksystem ausgeführt. In diesem Fall wird über dem Magnetanker 2 zwischen dem Magnetgehäuse 1.2 und der hinteren Stirnplatte 3.1 eine Druckfeder eingefügt und die Druckfeder 14 in der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 als Rückzugfeder ausgebildet. Bei dieser Ausführung muss die auf dem Magnetanker 2 plazierte Druckfeder so stark dimensioniert werden, dass die Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungskurve in der Ruhelage des Systems stabil in der ausgefahrenen Position bleibt. Systemdruck und Zugfeder in der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungkurve 5 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 bei betätigtem Elektromagnet 1 zusammengezogen werden kann. Als Ueberwachung eines Drucksystems können die gleichen Elemente verwendet werden, mit dem Unterschied, dass dann anstelle einer Vakuumpumpe eine Druckpumpe eingesetzt wird.In a second variant, the device is designed as a printing system. In this case, a compression spring is inserted over the magnet armature 2 between the magnet housing 1.2 and the rear end plate 3.1, and the compression spring 14 is designed in the driver and unlocking curve 5 as a return spring. In this embodiment, the compression spring placed on the magnet armature 2 must be dimensioned so strongly that the driver and unlocking curve remains stable in the extended position in the rest position of the system. System pressure and tension spring in the driver and unlocking curve 5 are matched to one another so that the driver and unlocking curve 5 can be contracted when the electromagnet 1 is actuated. The same elements can be used to monitor a pressure system, with the difference that a pressure pump is then used instead of a vacuum pump.

In einer dritten Variante wird die Einrichtung als ein in der Ruhelage druckloses, offenes und mit dem Aussendruck verbundenes System ausgeführt. In diesem Fall wird die Druckfeder über dem Magnetanker 2 ebenfalls benötigt und die Druckfeder 14 in der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 bleibt eine Druckfeder. Beim Betätigen des Elektromagneten 1 wird jedoch das System mit einem gesteuerten Ventil geschlossen, weil das Zusammenziehen der Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurve 5 mit Unterdruck erfolgen muss.In a third variant, the device is designed as a pressure-free, open system connected to the external pressure in the rest position. In this case the compression spring above the magnet armature 2 is also required and the compression spring 14 in the driver and unlocking curve 5 remains a compression spring. When the electromagnet 1 is actuated, however, the system is closed with a controlled valve, because the pulling together of the driver and unlocking curve 5 must be carried out with negative pressure.

Bei einer Aufzugskabine mit Zentertüre werden zwei der beschriebenen Systeme verwendet, je ein System für jeden Türflügel 11, 20. Die Betätigungseinrichtung mit dem Elektromagnet 1 und dem Balg 3 kann in einer erweiterten Ausführung für besondere Zwecke mit einem verzweigenden Schlauch 4 gleichzeitig zwei Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungskurven 5 betätigen.In an elevator car with a center door, two of the systems described are used, one system for each door leaf 11, 20. The actuating device with the electromagnet 1 and the bellows 3 can in an expanded version for special purposes with a branching hose 4 simultaneously two driver and Press unlocking curves 5.

Für den Fall, dass der Betätigungsteil keine mechanische Verund Entriegelungsfunktion ausführen muss, wird als Betätigungsteil eine Druck- oder Vakuumluftpumpe verwendet.In the event that the actuating part does not have to perform a mechanical locking and unlocking function, a pressure or vacuum air pump is used as the actuating part.

Claims (10)

1. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem für Aufzüge mittels an der Kabinentür (11) vorhandener horizontal ausfahr- und rückziehbarem Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement (5), welches im ausgefahrenen Zustand beim Einfahren der Aufzugskabine (12) in einen Zielhalt zwischen die Mitnehmer-und Entriegelungsrollen (6) der Schachttür (20) fährt und dabei durch Spreizen der seitlich beweglichen Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen (6) die Schachttür (20) mechanisch entriegelt und dann, angetrieben durch den Türantrieb, die gekuppelte Schachttür (20) in Oeffnungsrichtung mitnimmt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein an einem beliebigen Ort an der Kabine (12) plazierbarer Betätigungsteil (1, 2, 3, 13) über ein gasförmiges Wirkmedium in flexibler Wirkverbindung (4) mit einem ausfahr- und rückziehbaren Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement (5) steht und dass der Betätigungsteil (1,2,3,13) und das Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement (5) mit Schachttür (20) je die Kabinentür (11) und die Schachttür (20) entriegelnde und verriegelnde Einrichtungen aufweisen.1. Driver and unlocking system for elevators by means of a horizontally extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element (5) present on the car door (11), which in the extended state when the elevator car (12) moves into a target stop between the driver and unlocking rollers ( 6) the shaft door (20) moves and thereby mechanically unlocks the shaft door (20) by spreading the laterally movable entraining and unlocking rollers (6) and then, driven by the door drive, entrains the coupled shaft door (20) in the opening direction, characterized in that that an actuating part (1, 2, 3, 13) that can be placed anywhere on the cabin (12) is in a flexible operative connection (4) to an extendable and retractable driver and unlocking element (5) via a gaseous active medium and that Actuating part (1,2,3,13) and the driver and unlocking element (5) with shaft door (20) each the cabin door (11) and the Scha chttür (20) unlocking and locking devices on sen. 2. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System als geschlossenes Unterdrucksystem ausgebildet ist.2. Driver and unlocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is designed as a closed vacuum system. 3. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System als geschlossenes Ueberdrucksystem ausgebildet ist.3. driver and unlocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is designed as a closed pressure system. 4. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System als ein in der Ruhelage druckloses System ausgebildet ist.4. driver and unlocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system is designed as a pressure-free system in the rest position. 5. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch qekennzeichnet, dass der Betätigungsteil einen Elektromagnet (1), einen Luftbalg (3) und einen mit dem Luftbalg (3) verbundenen und in eine Riegelöffnung (11.1) der Kabinentür (11) ein- und ausfahrbaren Magnetanker (2) aufweist,5. Driver and unlocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating part has an electromagnet (1), an air bellows (3) and one connected to the air bellows (3) and in a bolt opening (11.1) in the cabin door (11). and has extendable magnetic armatures (2), 6. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungselement (5) aus einem Luftbalg (26), Elementeintrittsflanken (22), Elementflanken (21) und einer Frontfläche (25) besteht.6. Driver and unlocking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the driver and unlocking element (5) consists of an air bellows (26), element entry flanks (22), element flanks (21) and a front surface (25). 7. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungsrollen (6) mit ihren Rollenachsen (9) in einem das Spreizen und Zusammenklappen ermöglichenden elastischen Lagerblock (7) gelagert sind.7. Driver and unlocking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver and unlocking rollers (6) with their roller axles (9) are mounted in an elastic bearing block (7) which enables spreading and folding. 8. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, die Funktion des Luftbalges (3, 26) erfassende Mikroschalter vorhanden sind.8. driver and unlocking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the function of the air bellows (3, 26) detecting microswitches are present. 9. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine mit den Mikroschaltern verbundene Ueberwachungsschaltung und eine mit dem geschlossenen System verbundene, von der Ueberwachungsschaltung gesteuerte Vakuumpumpe vorhanden ist.9. Driver and unlocking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a monitoring circuit connected to the microswitches and a vacuum pump controlled by the monitoring circuit connected to the closed system is present. 10. Mitnehmer- und Entriegelungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Betätigungsteil eine Vakuum- oder Druckluftpumpe verwendet wird.10. Driver and unlocking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a vacuum or compressed air pump is used as the actuating part.
EP94102545A 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors Expired - Lifetime EP0668235B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94102545A EP0668235B1 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors
ES94102545T ES2134278T3 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 TOWING AND UNLOCKING SYSTEM FOR ELEVATOR DOORS.
DE59408312T DE59408312D1 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 Driver and release system for elevator doors
AT94102545T ATE180462T1 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 DRIVE AND RELEASE SYSTEM FOR ELEVATOR DOORS
US08/378,597 US5544720A (en) 1994-02-21 1995-01-26 Entraining and unlatching apparatus for elevator doors
CA002142073A CA2142073A1 (en) 1994-02-21 1995-02-08 Entraining and unlatching system for lift doors
JP7032541A JPH07267545A (en) 1994-02-21 1995-02-21 Loading/unlocking system for elevator door

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94102545A EP0668235B1 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors

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EP0668235A1 true EP0668235A1 (en) 1995-08-23
EP0668235B1 EP0668235B1 (en) 1999-05-26

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EP94102545A Expired - Lifetime EP0668235B1 (en) 1994-02-21 1994-02-21 Feeding and unlocking system for lift doors

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US (1) US5544720A (en)
EP (1) EP0668235B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07267545A (en)
AT (1) ATE180462T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2142073A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59408312D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2134278T3 (en)

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CN108439161A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-08-24 中国五冶集团有限公司 Construction of super highrise building elevator floor channel zero-power self-closing protective door
CN108439158A (en) * 2018-04-12 2018-08-24 永大电梯设备（中国）有限公司 Elevator gate enabling limits device
EP3553261A1 (en) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-16 Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH Closing element moving device and door comprising these

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CN102471031B (en) * 2009-12-16 2014-06-04 蒂森克虏伯电梯股份公司 Device for entraining a shaft door by means of an elevator car door
EP2681146B1 (en) 2011-03-03 2015-05-27 Kone Corporation Unlocking control for a lift floor door
EP2650249A1 (en) * 2012-04-13 2013-10-16 ThyssenKrupp Elevator AG Method for positioning anti-transport element of a shaft door of a lift assembly
US11148907B2 (en) * 2019-02-14 2021-10-19 Otis Elevator Company Elevator entryway with magnetic guidance for controlling door panel motion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3553261A1 (en) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-16 Wincor Nixdorf International GmbH Closing element moving device and door comprising these
CN108439158A (en) * 2018-04-12 2018-08-24 永大电梯设备（中国）有限公司 Elevator gate enabling limits device
CN108439158B (en) * 2018-04-12 2020-06-19 永大电梯设备（中国）有限公司 Car door opening limiting device for elevator
CN108439161A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-08-24 中国五冶集团有限公司 Construction of super highrise building elevator floor channel zero-power self-closing protective door

Also Published As

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ES2134278T3 (en) 1999-10-01
US5544720A (en) 1996-08-13
DE59408312D1 (en) 1999-07-01
JPH07267545A (en) 1995-10-17
EP0668235B1 (en) 1999-05-26
CA2142073A1 (en) 1995-08-22
ATE180462T1 (en) 1999-06-15

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