EP2050706B1 - Holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The holding device has a carrier element (1) and holding elements (3,6) fastened on a conveyance unit. A holding element has a permanent magnet (4), which is moved in a conveying direction relative to the carrier element by a drive (5). A rail is abutted in a holding position. Another holding element has a pivoting arm that is arranged on the carrier element. Multiple coupling units (11,12,13,14,15) are arranged between the former holding element and the other holding element.

Description

The invention relates to a holding device for conveying means, in particular elevator cars, with a support element to be fastened to the conveying element and holding elements which are intended to hold the conveying means against a rail arranged in a stationary manner parallel to the conveying path.

Numerous safety brakes are known from the prior art, which are intended to stop the journey of a conveyor, especially in emergency situations. The existence of an emergency situation is usually determined by the fact that the subsidy exceeds a predetermined speed. The known catch brakes have brake shoes which engage a rail arranged in a stationary manner parallel to the conveying path and bring the conveying means to a standstill by friction.

However, the invention does not relate to a safety brake, but to a retaining device, which is effective after stopping a conveyor and has the task, the Fordermittel starting from the position in which it is after stopping an unwanted movement after a few centimeters hold. EP 106 7084 discloses a retaining device according to the preamble of claim 1.

As a rule, conveying means, in particular elevator cars, are held stationary only by the drive, usually a cable winch, which is equipped for this purpose with a friction brake. With such brakes, there is always some slip that depends on the load on the conveyor and the condition of the brake. For example, if the brake is oily, this can lead to undesirable "walking" of the conveyor when the drive is inactive. Unintentional movements of the conveyor are always a safety hazard. In the case of passenger or goods lifts, this risk is evident when the cab and / or landing doors are open and especially when loading and unloading the cab. Furthermore, since lift drives have recently been made increasingly compact, the number of systems increases in which waived a machine room and the drive is installed directly in the elevator shaft. Therefore, it is necessary that a person carrying out maintenance and / or repair work increasingly keeps himself in the lift shaft below or above the cabin. It is absolutely necessary that the cabin is secured against unwanted movements when it is at a standstill. This need is additionally enhanced reinforced that in modern lifts often the pit and / or the layer head is reduced in size, so that a person staying in this area is additionally endangered by unwanted movements of the cabin.

Known retaining devices, which have the task of ensuring the alignment of a conveyor to a building part, for example the floor of a floor, during loading or unloading of the conveyor, based on a positive connection, for example by engaging a displaceably arranged on the conveyor bolt in a building-fixed opening. The obvious disadvantage of such retaining devices is that they are effective only in predefined positions of the conveyor. For example, as soon as an elevator car is stopped between two floors, such a holding device can not fulfill its function.

The present invention is based on the object to propose a retaining device that can be easily, inexpensively and compactly constructed and activated in any position of the conveyor.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that at least a first holding element containing at least one permanent magnet movable in the conveying direction relative to the support element and by a drive between a release position in which it is spaced from the rail, and a holding position in which it the rail abuts, is movable, that at least a second holding element is pivotally mounted on the support member and that between the first holding member and the second holding member coupling means are arranged, with which the second holding element by a movement of the first holding member relative to the support member for engaging the rail can be brought.

The permanent magnet equipped with the first holding element requires only a single drive movement to bring it to the release position or the holding position and retains this position even in the event of a power failure. In addition, the permanent magnet protects the rail. Since two retaining elements are present, the retaining device can be designed and operated such that the second retaining element only becomes active when the conveying means travels an undesired path. It is particularly advantageous that the second holding element is activated during a power failure, if the first holding element is in the holding position.

According to one embodiment, there is a preferably adjustable clearance between the coupling means and the first and / or second retaining element, such that the second retaining element is brought into contact with the rail only when the first retaining element has been moved relative to the support element by the amount of play , By this measure, the second holding element is activated only when an undesirable slip actually occurs at the drive of the conveyor. For smaller movements, which inevitably occur, for example, when loading and unloading the conveyor, the second holding element is not activated.

According to a further embodiment, the second retaining element has a pivotable about a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail and spaced therefrom pivot axis, which carries at least one brake shoe at its free end. By this construction, the second holding member is wedged in the manner of an eccentric and pressed the more strongly to the rail, the higher the force exerted by the conveyor on the retaining device force and the rail is thus always claimed only as strong as necessary. Preferably, two brake shoes are arranged symmetrically to a plane lying in the pivot axis at the free end of the lever. As a result, the locking device is bidirectionally effective, that is, it is capable of preventing unwanted movements of the conveyor in both directions.

A particular embodiment of the bidirectionally effective retaining device provides that the coupling means comprise spring means which center the coupling means with respect to the first and / or second retaining element in a central position, such that said play is present in two opposite directions. Thus, the activation of the second holding element occurs in both load directions of the conveyor only when an inadmissible slip occurs.

According to another embodiment, the brake shoe or each brake shoe elevations such as teeth for engagement in the rail. As a result, in the case of activation of the second holding element, a positive engagement on the rail, whereby a further movement of the conveying means is reliably prevented.

If according to a further embodiment, the brake shoe or each brake shoe is pivotally mounted on the lever about a further pivot axis arranged parallel to the pivot axis, an absolutely parallel engagement of the braking surface of the brake shoe is achieved on the rail.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first holding element is formed in pairs and contains at least two permanent magnets, which are arranged opposite one another such that they receive the rail between them and thus pinch in the holding position.

According to a preferred embodiment, the second holding element is formed in pairs and two levers are arranged opposite one another such that they clamp the rail between them thus clamped like a pincer with activated second holding element.

According to a further embodiment, guide means for guiding the retaining device are arranged on the rail on the support element. These guide means ensure an always constant distance of the holding elements to the rail.

For attachment of the retaining device to a conveyor, in particular a lift cabin fastening means are provided according to a further embodiment of the support member which are movable relative to the support member transversely to the conveying direction to allow the elevator car a certain movement transverse to the rail.

Finally, according to an additional embodiment, it is provided that the drive has a preferably electrically operated motor, in particular a geared motor. This can be realized in a simple manner that the first retaining element retains its position in the event of a power failure, and that the relatively large force required to release the permanent magnets from the rail is applied.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

eine Prinzipskizze zur Veranschaulichung der Funktion der erfindungsgemäßen Festhaltevorrichtung;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Vorderansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfin- dungsgemäßen Festhaltevorrichtung und

Fig. 3

die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 Fig. 3 in einer gegenüber Fig. 2 um 180 Grad um eine vertikale Achse gedrehten Rückansicht.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic diagram illustrating the function of the retaining device according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a perspective front view of an embodiment of the inventive holding device and

Fig. 3

the device according to Fig. 2 Fig. 3 in one opposite Fig. 2 rotated 180 degrees around a vertical axis rear view.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position.

Fig. 1 schematically shows parts of an embodiment for illustrating the function of the device according to the invention. The device is intended to be attached to a conveyor, for example a lift cage. An example of the way this attachment will be presented later on Fig. 3 explained. In the Fig.1 shown position corresponds to the mounting position on a vertical elevator. In an example plate-shaped support member 1, an intermediate part 2 is received vertically displaceable. This intermediate part 2 carries a pair of first holding elements 3, which in Fig. 1 is shown schematically as a type of pliers. The first holding elements 3 each contain a permanent magnet 4 and are movable towards and away from each other by means of a drive 5. The first holding elements 3 are intended to be a place test rail, the in Fig. 1 for the sake of clarity, is not shown between them. The permanent magnets 4 preferably contain at least one material from the group of rare earths, for example neodymium. The drive 5 is preferably an electric drive, which is designed so that it is at an interruption the energy supply remains self-locking in the position in which it is currently located.

Top in Fig. 1 is a pair of second support members 6 can be seen, which are each pivotable about a fixedly arranged on the support member 1 pivot axis 8. Each of the second holding elements 6 consists of a lever 7, at the free end of which two brake shoes 9 intended for engagement with the rail are arranged and is guided by centering springs 10 in the in FIG Fig. 1 shown position held. In the example shown, two brake shoes 9 are arranged on each retaining element 6, one being directed upwards and the other downwards. As a result, the holding device acts both in the conveying direction downwards and upwards, as will become clear hereinafter in the description of the function of the holding device. The geometry of the second holding elements 6 and their spacing on the support element 1 are chosen so that in the in Fig. 1 shown position the brake shoes 9 do not touch the rail. As soon as the levers 7 are deflected out of their central rest position in a manner to be described, the brake shoes corresponding to the instantaneous loading direction of the elevator cabin come into contact with the rail.

Between the first and second holding elements 3, 6 there is an operative connection, which is realized by coupling means 11 to 17 described below. The levers 7 of the second holding elements 6 each carry a pin 18 which engages in a slot 17 of an elongated release member 16. The latter receives in a central, vertical bore a relative to the trigger member 16 slidable rod 11, which in turn is connected to the intermediate part 2. The way that the rod 11 can travel vertically in the trigger part 16 is limited at the top by a spring 15 and a plate 13 and at the bottom by a spring 14 and a plate 12. The springs 14 and 15 simultaneously cause the intermediate part 2 in the in Fig. 1 shown neutral position is held when the retaining device is not activated. The device further comprises Fig. 1 Not shown guide means, with which it is guided on the rail.

The function of in Fig. 1 Locking device shown schematically will now be described with reference to a lift. When the car is at a standstill, whether on the occasion of a regular stop on a floor or an extraordinary stop triggered by a passenger, a service person or the controller, the detention device is activated by a stop Signal of the lift control brought into a standby state. The permanent magnets 4 are brought to bear on the rail by the drive 5 and the strong magnetic forces with which the permanent magnets 4 are pulled against the rail, cause the first holding elements 3 and the intermediate part 2 connected to them by frictional force on the Rail are held. The standby state is triggered either automatically by the lift control or for example by a service engineer by means of a key switch. The ready-switching state can be canceled at any time by the drive 5 removing the first holding elements 3 from the rail. As long as the elevator car in the standby state of the holding device moves, for example, as a result of changes in load only in a tolerance range down or up, the second holding elements 6 remain in their in Fig. 1 shown neutral position in which the brake shoes 9 do not come into contact with the rail. The tolerance range is given by the springs 14 and 15 and by the distances of the plates 12 and 13 and is for example 30 mm. In this tolerance range, the support element 1 and all parts firmly connected to it can move up and down relative to the intermediate part 2 clamped to the rail by the first retaining elements 3. If the tolerance range is exceeded because, for example, slip occurs on the brake of the lift drive, the triggering part 16 is displaced vertically by the rod 11 such that the second holding elements 6 are displaced from their neutral center position. During a movement of the car down the second holding elements 6 are deflected upward with respect to the support element 1 and mutatis mutandis, the second holding elements 6 are deflected downward with respect to the support member 1 in a movement of the cabin. In this case, depending on the direction of movement, the lower or upper brake shoes 9 on the rail to the plant, after which the second holding elements 6 are increasingly pressed against the rail in a further, the same direction. Thus, the holding force developed by the restraint device is dependent on the exposure force imposed on the cabin and unnecessary burden on the rail is avoided. Of course, the movement of the lever 7 of the second holding elements 6 through in the Fig. 1 limited stops not shown. The thus engaged state of the holding device is detected by detectors, not shown, and transmitted to the lift control, the lift is disabled and an alarm is triggered. The engaged condition can only be lifted by an authorized person.

In the Figures 2 and 3 a concrete embodiment of the retaining device according to the invention is shown in perspective. One recognizes the plate-shaped support element 1 and the vertically displaceable in this intermediate part 2. In contrast to Fig. 1 is in the Fig. 2 and 3 drawn the rail and designated 20. At this point it should be mentioned that in an elevator installation usually two such rails 20 are provided on opposite sides of the cabin and thus of course also two holding devices. The retaining device is guided on the rail 20 by two side guides 23, the interchangeable sliding elements 24 may contain a material having a low coefficient of friction, for example, tetrafluoroethylene. To adapt the retaining device to different thickness rails 20, the side guides 23 or the sliding elements 24 can be arranged interchangeable. For attachment of the retaining device to a conveyor, such as a lift cabin, holding blocks 26 are connected to the support member 1, with which slide rails 25 are held horizontally displaceable on the support element 1. At both ends of the slide rails 25 each have a mounting flange 27 is provided for connection to the elevator car. In this way, the elevator car is horizontally movable in a certain range with respect to the rail 20. The first holding elements 3 with their permanent magnets 4 are arranged horizontally and at right angles to the support element 1 aligned pivot axes 22 pivotally mounted on the intermediate part 2. On the opposite side of the intermediate part 2, visible in Fig. 3 , The drive 5 is mounted, which may be formed for example by a DC motor with integrated gear. The second holding elements 6 are in Fig. 2 good to see. Your swivel axles 8 and their bearings in the support member 1 are strong because of the large forces occurring when engaging the support members 6. The centering springs, with which the second holding elements 6 in the in the Fig. 2 and 3 are held within the lever 7 and therefore not visible in these figures. To increase the reliability of the retaining device, the braking surfaces of the brake shoes 9 are provided with elevations, not shown, in particular teeth, which are pressed when engaging the second holding elements in the rail 20. The brake shoes 9 are pivotally supported on the levers 7 about a respective swing axle 19, so that they contact the rail 20 over the entire surface when engaged. In order to avoid tilting of the brake shoes 9 at the first contact with the rail 20, each brake shoe 9 by a respective leaf spring 21 in the in Fig. 2 shown position held. The coupling means are constructed somewhat differently in this embodiment than in the schematic diagram according to Fig. 1 , from also existing rod 11 is in Fig. 2 only a small area to see. The Zentrierfedem 10 of the lever 7 of the second holding elements 6 and the centering of the first holding elements 3 by the springs 14, 15 are combined in a Teleskopstabelement with two return springs whose outer return springs, according to the springs 10, in the example in Fig. 3 are recognizable.

The embodiments show possible embodiments of the retaining device, which should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this variation due to the teaching of technical action by representational Invention in the skill of those skilled in this technical field. So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant, includes the scope of protection.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that in order to better understand the structure of the retaining device, these or their components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

supporting member

2

intermediate part

3

first holding element

4

permanent magnet

5

drive

6

second holding element

7

lever

8th

swivel axis

9

brake shoe

10

centering

11

Rod

12

lower plate

13

upper plate

14

lower spring

15

upper spring

16

trigger part

17

Long hole

18

pen

19

swing axle

20

rail

21

leaf spring

22

swivel axis

23

cornering

24

Slide

25

slide

26

holding block

27

mounting flange

Claims (12)

1. Holding device for conveyor means, in particular lift cabins, with a support element (I) designed to be secured to the conveyor means and retaining elements (3, 6), the purpose of which is to hold the conveyor means on a rail (20) disposed in a stationary arrangement parallel with the conveyor path, characterised in that at least a first retaining element (3) containing at least one permanent magnet (4) is able to move in the conveying direction relative to the support element (1) and can be moved by a drive (5) between a released position in which it is spaced at a distance apart from the rail (20) and a retained position in which it lies against the rail (20), at least a second retaining g element (6) is mounted so that it is able to pivot on the support element (1), and coupling means (11-15) are disposed between the first retaining element (3) and the second retaining element (6) by means of which the second retaining element (6) can be moved into abutment with the rail (20) by a movement of the first retaining element (3) relative to the support element (1).
2. Holding device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that there is a clearance between the coupling means (11-15) and the first and/or second retaining element (3, 6) which can preferably be adjusted so that the second retaining element (6) is not moved into abutment with the rail (20) until the first retaining element (3) has been moved relative to the support element (1) by the amount of the clearance.
3. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second retaining element (6) has a lever (7) which can be pivoted about a pivot axis (8) disposed at a right angle to the longitudinal axis of the rail (20) and at a distance apart from it, which has at least one brake shoe (9) on its free end.
4. Holding device as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that two brake shoes (9) are disposed on the free end of the lever (7) symmetrically with a plane lying in the pivot axis (8).
5. Holding device as claimed in claims 2 and 4, characterised in that the coupling means (11 - 15) have spring means (14, 15), which centre the coupling means (11-15) in a middle position relative to the first and/or second retaining element (3, 6) so that said clearance exists in two opposite directions.
6. Holding device as claimed in one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the brake shoe (9) or each brake shoe has raised areas such as teeth for engaging in the rail (2).
7. Holding device as claimed in one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the brake shoe (9) or each brake shoe (7) is mounted on the lever (7) so that it can pivot about another pivot axis (19) disposed parallel with the pivot axis (8).
8. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the first retaining element (3) is of a paired design and contains at least two permanent magnets (4) which are disposed lying opposite one another so that they accommodate the rail (20) between them.
9. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second retaining element (6) is of a paired design and two levers (7) are disposed lying g opposite one another so that they accommodate the rail (20) between them.
10. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that guide means (23) are provided on the support element (1) for guiding the holding device on the rail (29).
11. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that fixing means (25, 27) are provided on the support element (1) for securing the holding device to a conveyor means, and the fixing means (25, 27) are able to move relative to the support element (1) transversely to the conveying direction.
12. Holding device as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the drive (5) has a preferably electrically driven motor, in particular a geared motor.

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