EP3538468B1 - Cable brake, lift cabin and lift assembly - Google Patents

Cable brake, lift cabin and lift assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3538468B1
EP3538468B1 EP17793654.9A EP17793654A EP3538468B1 EP 3538468 B1 EP3538468 B1 EP 3538468B1 EP 17793654 A EP17793654 A EP 17793654A EP 3538468 B1 EP3538468 B1 EP 3538468B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
cable
braking
brake shoe
elevator system
Prior art date
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EP17793654.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3538468A1 (en
Inventor
Josef Husmann
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication of EP3538468A1 publication Critical patent/EP3538468A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/24—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by acting on guide ropes or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cable brake for an elevator system, an elevator car with a cable brake and an elevator system with a cable brake.
  • Brakes for braking an elevator car are known in various ways. From the prior art, for example, are from WO 03/002446 A1 or EP 0 651 724 B1 Known rope brakes that are fixedly mounted in the elevator shaft and interact with a rope that is moved with the elevator car.
  • Brakes can also be connected to the elevator car or to the counterweight of an elevator car and interact with a rail fixed in the elevator shaft, as for example in FIG EP15186504.5 (not yet published), or as a rope brake with a brake rope fixed immovably in the elevator shaft, as for example in DE 11 2011 104 744 T5 or U.S. 2,550,839 shown.
  • EP0651724 shows a cable brake in which a movable brake shoe is guided by a spring-loaded cam device.
  • the spring means is held in the open position by releasable locking means, for example a latch connected to an electrically actuable solenoid.
  • releasable locking means for example a latch connected to an electrically actuable solenoid.
  • the springs of the spring device are compressed, which is brought about by a piston-cylinder unit. When braking, part of the braking force has to be used to move the piston.
  • EP 1646575 discloses a cable brake in which a brake shoe coupled to a pivotably mounted lever can be moved back and forth between its braking position and its release position via a linear drive.
  • the linear drive can be coupled to an electromagnet.
  • the object is achieved by an elevator installation according to claim 1.
  • the brake cable is designed as a so-called standing cable, which is tensioned or fastened in the elevator shaft along the direction of travel of the elevator car.
  • a braking force caused by the cable brake is introduced into the brake cable and transferred to a building structure via the brake cable.
  • the brake cable is preferably attached in the upper area of the elevator shaft.
  • the brake cable is preferably fastened in the lower region of the elevator shaft, for example by means of a fastening clamp, a tension spring or a tension weight.
  • At least one first brake shoe can be moved for a movement of the braking surface between a braking position in which the cable can be pressed against the braking surface of the other brake shoe and a release position in which the cable between the brake shoes can be released.
  • a brake shoe is fixedly mounted and a brake shoe is movable relative to it.
  • the cable brake preferably comprises a releasable holding device which applies a holding force to the first brake shoe in the release position.
  • the cable brake has a resetting device, by means of which the first brake shoe can be transferred from the braking position into the release position.
  • the brake position is to be understood as a position of the brake in which the first brake shoe begins to clamp the cable between the brake shoes.
  • the resetting device is thus advantageously not designed to return the first brake shoe from the fully tensioned braking position.
  • the pivot arms are preferably hinged on the one hand rotatably to a cable brake housing and on the other hand rotatably connected to the first brake shoe.
  • the parallelogram is formed by the swivel arms and the connecting lines of the articulation points, on the one hand on the housing and on the other hand on the brake shoe.
  • the parallelogram lies in a plane that is parallel to the direction of the rope passage.
  • the braking surface of the first brake shoe thus always remains parallel to the direction of cable passage, and the braking surface therefore remains parallel to the other braking surface during the transition from the release position to the braking position.
  • the approach of the braking surfaces takes place evenly over the entire surface. This prevents the rope from pinching or squeezing.
  • the holding device comprises a switchable electromagnet which holds the first brake shoe in the release position, in particular when current is applied.
  • the lock can be released very quickly in the event of braking, without the need for a mechanical displacement of a bolt, for example. It is also excluded that there is a malfunction of a mechanical component, such as a break or jamming.
  • the holding device and the resetting device are separate devices. Therefore, the holding device can not only be actuated quickly, it can also be arranged completely independently of the resetting device.
  • the holding device can be arranged essentially in the same plane as the swivel arms forming the parallelogram.
  • the electromagnet can, for example, interact with an armature which is arranged on a swivel arm. This enables not only a compact but also a flat arrangement. This allows a rope brake to be attached between the elevator car and elevator shaft.
  • the brake shoes each have a braking surface and are preferably designed to brake precisely one rope.
  • they preferably have an extension that is longer in the direction of the cable feed-through than across it.
  • the brake shoes in particular have braking surfaces with a shape that is adapted to the shape of the cable.
  • the braking surfaces preferably have a partially cylindrical shape and are therefore suitable for a rope with a round diameter.
  • the swivel arms have a spring device which acts on the first brake shoe with a spring force in the braking position.
  • Each swivel arm is equipped with at least one brake spring, for example a disc spring or a package of disc springs.
  • the brake spring ensures that the brake shoes are still sprung against each other when there is contact with the cable and the brake shoes are pulled into the braking position by the friction with the cable. This prevents the rope from being squeezed.
  • the brake spring is pretensioned between two discs, for example.
  • the brake springs are preferably designed as brake pressure springs and the brake pressure is adjustable in each case.
  • the swivel arms are deflected by an angle with respect to a perpendicular to the cable feed-through direction, in particular in the assembled state by an angle with respect to the horizontal.
  • the swivel arms are deflected downwards in the release position, for example in the assembled state, when the rope brake is mounted on an elevator car and the car is to be prevented from falling.
  • the swivel arms can also be deflected upwards if upward acceleration is to be prevented.
  • the first brake shoe can be moved into the release position when the reset device is subjected to current. This can be done, for example, by means of a spindle motor or an air-pressure operated ram.
  • the resetting device preferably comprises a switchable lifting magnet.
  • the lifting magnet reacts immediately to a change in the application of current.
  • the resetting device can therefore be deactivated again very quickly, so that the brake shoes can immediately take up the braking position again.
  • the reset device is arranged in particular in such a way that it acts on a swivel arm.
  • a lifting magnet can be equipped with a lifting rod that presses on a counterpart on one of the swivel arms.
  • the resetting device no longer needs to be supplied with current, since the brake shoe is held in the release position by the holding device.
  • the reset device can be brought back into a position in which it does not hinder the transition of the brake shoe from the release position to the braking position. This is beneficial for a quick transition of the brake shoe into the braking position.
  • the resetting device can act on a different swivel arm than the holding device or it can act on the same swivel arm, but from an opposite side. Resetting device, holding device and swivel arms can thus be arranged essentially in one plane, which further favors the flat design of the rope brake.
  • the cable brake has a stop which is arranged so that in the braking position in which the cable is clamped between the brake shoes, at least one swivel arm and / or the first brake shoe rests against the stop.
  • the stop accordingly defines a certain limit position of the swivel arms and / or the first brake shoe, in which the swivel arms and the first brake shoe are also held under the influence of a frictional force which is brought about by a rope moved relative to the brake shoes.
  • the swivel arms can therefore not slip out of the braking position.
  • the pivot points of the swivel arms preferably form a rectangle in the braking position.
  • the swivel arms are directed in the direction of the perpendicular to the rope feed-through direction.
  • the articulation points on the brake shoes have the maximum distance from the articulation points on the cable brake housing and the parallelogram has its maximum extension.
  • the brake springs can optimally develop their braking force in the direction of the opposite brake shoe and thus in the direction of the cable.
  • the stop is particularly preferably arranged such that the parallelogram assumes an approximately rectangular position in the event of braking.
  • the holding device and / or the resetting device of the cable brake are preferably inactive in the case of braking, in particular when there is no current. If the power supply fails, the rope brake automatically switches to the braking position.
  • the holding device and the restoring device can be coupled to one another in such a way that the restoring device can only be activated, i.e. the first brake shoe can be transferred into a release position when the holding device is active, i.e. the holding device is ready, the first brake shoe in To hold the release position.
  • the cable brake comprises an electrical circuit which ensures that a switchable lifting magnet of the resetting device can only be supplied with current when the switchable electromagnet of the holding device is supplied with current. When the electromagnet is released, the lifting magnet is also de-energized.
  • the cable brake advantageously comprises a safety device, in particular a speed limiter, or can be coupled to a safety device, in particular a speed limiter.
  • the securing device is set up in such a way that it ensures that the holding device is released as soon as a predefinable or predefined speed is exceeded.
  • the electromagnet of the holding device can be activated by the safety device.
  • the reset device is also released with the interruption of the electromagnet.
  • the cable brake comprises a housing in which the brake shoes, the pivot arms, the holding device and the resetting device are arranged.
  • the housing can be connected to an elevator car so that the rope brake preferably interacts with a brake rope that is fixedly mounted in an elevator shaft.
  • a particularly preferred flat arrangement of the cable brake is made possible if the holding device and the resetting device, and possibly the stop, are arranged on a common housing plate on which the pivot arms are also articulated.
  • a fixed brake shoe can also be mounted on the same housing plate.
  • a cable brake is particularly advantageously provided with at least one feed spring which exerts a force on the first brake shoe in the direction of the braking position.
  • the feed spring is preferably mounted rotatably about an axis which is arranged parallel to the axes of rotation of the pivot arms.
  • the feed spring is pivoted on the one hand rotatably to a cable brake housing and on the other hand rotatably connected to the first brake shoe.
  • the feed spring can thus be arranged in essentially the same plane as the pivot arms forming the parallelogram and does not impair the flat structure of the cable brake.
  • the feed spring ensures that the first brake shoe moves in the direction of the braking position after the holding device is released.
  • the spring force of the feed spring has a force component in the direction of the cable feed-through.
  • feed springs arranged parallel to one another are provided.
  • the force in the direction of the braking position is thus distributed to the feed springs.
  • the spring forces are preferably designed so that in the event of a spring failure, for example in the event of a break, the remaining springs still apply a sufficiently large force to safely move the brake shoe.
  • each of the springs must apply at least 150% of the necessary force.
  • a spring force of at least 300%.
  • the required 150% of the necessary force is provided by the remaining three springs in the event of a spring failure.
  • the maximum available operating force when equipped with four springs therefore only corresponds to at least 200% of the necessary force.
  • the springs can be tension springs. Extension springs are inexpensive and do not require any additional guidance.
  • the feed spring is arranged in such a way that it is deflected by an feed angle in the release position relative to a perpendicular to the cable feed-through direction, and in the braking position by an angle that is smaller than the feed angle.
  • the feed springs can therefore be moved relatively easily from the braking position back into the release position, the force required for this increasing as the angle increases.
  • the cable brake comprises guide rollers for aligning the cable with respect to the brake shoes.
  • the guide rollers are preferably arranged in pairs along the cable feed-through direction and attached to the cable brake housing.
  • the guide rollers are particularly necessary when the cable brake is attached to an elevator car and interacts with a stationary brake cable.
  • the elevator car is generally guided in the elevator shaft, but the brake cable can nevertheless have a certain amount of play with respect to the elevator car.
  • the joining rollers ensure that the brake cable is always centered between the brake shoes.
  • the object is achieved by an elevator car with at least one rope brake as described above.
  • the rope brake is firmly connected to the elevator car.
  • the rope brake can be integrated into an outer wall of the elevator car.
  • the rope brake comprises a housing which is connected to a supporting structure of the elevator car, for example to the floor of the elevator car.
  • the rope brake is then easily accessible, for example for maintenance purposes.
  • An elevator car is preferably equipped with two rope brakes, which interact with stationary brake ropes provided on both sides of the elevator car.
  • the brake cables and thus the cable brakes can, for example, be arranged on opposite sides of the elevator car on a central or symmetry line of the elevator car, or they can be arranged along a diagonal line rotated relative to the central or symmetry line of the elevator car.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the effect of a management force on the guide rails is minimal.
  • the braking force is evenly transferred to the elevator car when braking.
  • Elevator cars can be guided through the elevator shaft along guide ropes.
  • the elevator car is advantageously equipped with a rail guide.
  • the rail guide preferably comprises two guide elements. These can be arranged on the side of the elevator car or on a wall of the elevator car, which corresponds to a so-called " piggyback arrangement".
  • an elevator system with a rope brake as described above and / or an elevator car as described above and at least one brake rope that can be fixedly attached in an elevator shaft.
  • Two brake cables are typically provided in an elevator shaft for an elevator car.
  • the elevator system comprises hollow rails for guiding the elevator car.
  • the hollow rails can be arranged on opposite shaft walls or for a "piggyback arrangement" next to one another on a wall.
  • Unreinforced hollow rails are designed to guide the elevator car, but are not sufficiently pressure-resistant for braking. As a rule, they are significantly cheaper and easier to assemble than reinforced rails.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for braking an elevator car, in particular as described above, with a cable brake, in particular as described above, with the following steps.
  • a holding device is released and at least one first brake shoe changes from a release position into a braking position, with at least two rotatably mounted pivot arms connected to the brake shoe changing their position.
  • the swivel arms are arranged in a parallelogram, one side of which is parallel to the direction of rope passage.
  • the holding device is released by interrupting the power supply to an electromagnet.
  • the holding magnet acts, for example, on a counterpart that is attached to one of the swivel arms. If the holding force no longer acts on the swivel arms, the swivel arms typically change their position due to the spring force of feed springs which pull the first brake shoe in the direction of the braking position.
  • a limit position of the brake shoe is reached when the brake shoe or at least one of the swivel arms hits a stop.
  • Brake springs which are integrated in the swivel arms, for example, determine the pressure of the brake shoes on the rope. This force can be adjusted by adjusting the preload of the brake springs.
  • the brake shoes can be brought back into a release position.
  • the lifting magnet presses, for example, a brake shoe or a swivel arm back into a tensioned position in which the brake shoe or the swivel arm is held by the electromagnet.
  • a cable brake has always been assumed which works together with a preferably stationary cable or brake cable.
  • this can also be a rail brake with the same effect, which is then connected to a corresponding brake rail, preferably a correspondingly shaped guide rail cooperates.
  • a rail is then to be understood instead of the rope.
  • Figure 1 shows a cable brake 1 in the release position in a side view.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show the same rope brake 1 in the braking position.
  • the cable brake 1 comprises two brake shoes 2, 3, which have braking surfaces 4, 5 facing one another.
  • This in Figures 1-3 Brake cable 24 not explicitly shown (see Figures 4a, 4b , 5a, 5b ) can be carried out along a rope lead-through direction 6 between the braking surfaces 4, 5.
  • a first brake shoe 2 is connected to two rotatably mounted swivel arms 10a, 10b, which are arranged as a parallelogram, one side of which, for example the connection line of the articulation points on the brake shoe 2, is aligned parallel to the cable feed-through direction 6.
  • the first brake shoe 2 can be switched between a braking position in which the cable is pressed against the braking surface 5 of the other brake shoe 3 ( Figure 2 , and Figure 3 ), and a release position ( Figure 1 ), in which there is a sufficiently large distance 27 between the braking surfaces 4, 5 to release the rope, are moved.
  • the rope brake 1 has a releasable holding device 8, which applies a holding force to the first brake shoe 2 in the release position.
  • the holding device 8 comprises a switchable electromagnet 14 which, when energized, holds the first brake shoe 2 in the release position.
  • the electromagnet 14 interacts with an armature 28, which is attached to one of the pivot arms 10a and holds the pivot arms 10a, 10b at a deflection angle 33 relative to a perpendicular 13 to the cable feed-through direction 6 Swivel arms 10a, 10b can change their position. In the braking position, the articulation points of the pivot arms 10a, 10b form approximately a rectangle.
  • the change in position is brought about by, for example, four feed springs 19 which are arranged parallel to one another. They provide a force in the direction of the braking position.
  • the feed springs 19 are preferably rotatably mounted about an axis 29, which is parallel to axes of rotation 30 ( Fig. 3 ) the pivot arms 10a, 10b is arranged.
  • the feed springs 19 are deflected by an infeed angle 12a in relation to the vertical 13 to the cable feed-through direction 6 (in the assembled state in relation to the horizontal) and in the braking position by an angle 12b which is smaller than the infeed angle 12a.
  • the closing force component of the feed springs 19 is therefore smaller in the braking position, in which the frictional force of the rope is already acting, than in the release position.
  • the first brake shoe 2 can be transferred from the braking position into the release position by means of a restoring device 9.
  • the resetting device 9 comprises, for example, a switchable lifting magnet 15 which is in particular arranged such that it acts on a swivel arm 10a.
  • the electromagnet 14 and the lifting magnet 15 are preferably switched in such a way that they are de-energized when braking.
  • the electromagnet 14 and the lifting magnet 15 are preferably coupled, so that the lifting magnet 15 can only be energized when the electromagnet 14 is energized.
  • each swivel arm 10a, 10b has a spring device 7 which acts on the first brake shoe 2 with a spring force in the braking position.
  • each swivel arm 10a, 10b is each equipped with a brake spring 11, for example a pretensionable compression spring, in particular a disc spring or a package of disc springs.
  • the rope brake 1 has a stop 16 which is arranged such that at least the first brake shoe 2 rests against the stop 16 in the braking position.
  • the rope brake 1 can include a position sensor 34, via which it can be determined whether the rope brake 1 is in the braking position. If the use of the rope brake is detected via the position sensor 34, normal travel of the elevator can be prevented in this case.
  • the position sensor 34 can be designed as a switch which is actuated when a swivel arm 10b strikes the position sensor 34 in the braking position.
  • the rope brake 1 preferably comprises a housing plate 18 which, together with a cover not shown in the figure, forms a housing 17 (see FIG Figures 4a, 4b , 5a, 5b ) forms.
  • the pivot arms 10a, 10b are articulated to the housing plate and a brake shoe 3, the holding device 8 and the resetting device 9 are fixedly mounted.
  • Guide rollers 23 are also attached to the housing plate 18 to align the cable with respect to the brake shoes 2, 3.
  • the guide rollers 23 are elastically coupled to the brake shoe 3 by means of spring devices 35, so that the guide rollers 23 retreat when the brake cable is pressed against the brake shoe 3 can.
  • a holder 31 for fixing the feed springs 19 is provided on the housing plate 18.
  • Figure 4a shows a schematic representation of a first example of an elevator system 25 in a top view from above;
  • Figure 4b shows a schematic representation of the same example for an elevator installation 25 in a side view.
  • two hollow rails 26 are provided which are attached to two opposite walls.
  • the hollow rails are used to guide an elevator car 20.
  • the brake cables 24 are arranged along a diagonal line 36 rotated with respect to the center or symmetry line of the elevator car 32.
  • cable brakes 1 are attached to the elevator car 20.
  • the rope brakes 1 each include a housing 17 which is attached to a supporting structure of the elevator car 20, such as the floor 21 or a supporting frame.
  • Figure 5a shows a schematic representation of a second example of an elevator system 25 in a plan view from above
  • Figure 5b shows a schematic representation of the same example for an elevator installation 25 in a side view.
  • two hollow rails 26 are provided which are attached to a wall.
  • the hollow rails 26 serve to guide an elevator car 20 and interact with rail guides 22 which are attached to the elevator car 20.
  • the brake cables 24 are arranged on opposite sides of the elevator car 20 on the center or symmetry line 32 of the elevator car 20.
  • rope brakes 1 are attached to the elevator car 20.
  • the rope brakes 1 comprise a housing 17 which is fastened to the floor 21 or to a supporting structure of the elevator car 20.
  • the rope brake 1 has a very flat design, so that there is space next to an elevator car 20 even in a narrow elevator shaft.
  • the cable brake 1 can typically be used for brake cables 24 with diameters between 11 and 19 mm.
  • a pair of rope brakes can secure transport loads between 1000 and 2000kg.
  • the overall depth is only about four times the rope diameter and is largely determined by the components used, for example the diameter of the brake springs 11 or the electromagnet 15. For example, an overall depth of about 50mm with an overall height of more than 500mm is conceivable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Seilbremse für eine Aufzugsanlage, eine Aufzugskabine mit Seilbremse und eine Aufzugsanlage mit einer Seilbremse.The invention relates to a cable brake for an elevator system, an elevator car with a cable brake and an elevator system with a cable brake.

Bremsen zum Abbremsen einer Aufzugskabine sind in mannigfaltiger Art bekannt. Aus dem Stand der Technik sind beispielweise aus WO 03/002446 A1 oder EP 0 651 724 B1 Seilbremsen bekannt, die fest im Aufzugsschacht montiert sind und mit einem Seil zusammenwirken, das mit der Aufzugskabine bewegt wird.Brakes for braking an elevator car are known in various ways. From the prior art, for example, are from WO 03/002446 A1 or EP 0 651 724 B1 Known rope brakes that are fixedly mounted in the elevator shaft and interact with a rope that is moved with the elevator car.

Bremsen können auch mit der Aufzugskabine oder mit dem Gegengewicht einer Aufzugskabine verbunden sein und mit einer im Aufzugsschacht fixierten Schiene zusammenwirken, wie zum Beispiel in EP15186504.5 (noch nicht veröffentlicht) gezeigt, oder als Seilbremse mit einem im Aufzugsschacht unbeweglich angebrachten Bremsseil, wie beispielsweise in DE 11 2011 104 744 T5 oder US 2,550,839 gezeigt.Brakes can also be connected to the elevator car or to the counterweight of an elevator car and interact with a rail fixed in the elevator shaft, as for example in FIG EP15186504.5 (not yet published), or as a rope brake with a brake rope fixed immovably in the elevator shaft, as for example in DE 11 2011 104 744 T5 or U.S. 2,550,839 shown.

Seilbremsen weisen zumeist ein feststehendes Element und ein relativ dazu bewegliches Element auf. So offenbart beispielsweise US 2,550,839 einen feststehenden Block mit konischer Öffnung, innerhalb dessen zwei konische zulaufende Keile bewegbar sind, die im Bremsfall in die konische Öffnung hineinrutschen und sich dabei annähern, so dass sie ein zwischen ihnen durchlaufendes Seil einklemmen.Cable brakes mostly have a fixed element and an element that is movable relative to it. For example, reveals U.S. 2,550,839 a stationary block with a conical opening, within which two conical tapering wedges can be moved, which slide into the conical opening in the event of braking and approach each other so that they clamp a rope running between them.

EP0651724 zeigt eine Seilbremse, bei der eine bewegliche Bremsbacke von einer gefederten Nockeneinrichtung geführt wird. Die Federeinrichtung wird durch eine lösbare Verriegelungseinrichtung, zum Beispiel einem mit einem elektrisch betätigbaren Solenoid verbundenen Riegel, in der offenen Position gehalten. Zum Zurückführen der beweglichen Bremsbacke in die offene Position werden die Federn der Federeinrichtung zusammengedrückt, was durch ein Kolben-Zylinderaggregat bewirkt wird. Im Bremsfall muss ein Teil der Bremskraft für die Bewegung des Kolbens aufgewendet werden. EP0651724 shows a cable brake in which a movable brake shoe is guided by a spring-loaded cam device. The spring means is held in the open position by releasable locking means, for example a latch connected to an electrically actuable solenoid. To return the movable brake shoe to the open position, the springs of the spring device are compressed, which is brought about by a piston-cylinder unit. When braking, part of the braking force has to be used to move the piston.

EP 1646575 offenbart eine Seilbremse, bei welcher eine mit einem schwenkbar gelagerten Hebel gekoppelte Bremsbacke über einen Linearantrieb zwischen ihrer Bremsstellung und ihrer Freigabestellung hin- und herbewegbar ist. Der Linearantrieb kann mit einem Elektromagneten gekoppelt sein. EP 1646575 discloses a cable brake in which a brake shoe coupled to a pivotably mounted lever can be moved back and forth between its braking position and its release position via a linear drive. The linear drive can be coupled to an electromagnet.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Seilbremse, eine Aufzugskabine, eine Aufzugsanlage und ein Verfahren zum Bremsen einer Aufzugskabine vorzustellen, welche die Nachteile des Bekannten vermeiden, welche insbesondere auf platzsparende Weise eine zuverlässige und leicht bedienbare Aufzugbremsung ermöglichen.It is therefore the object of the present invention to present a rope brake, an elevator car, an elevator system and a method for braking an elevator car, which avoid the disadvantages of the known, which in particular enable a reliable and easy-to-use elevator braking in a space-saving manner.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Aufzugsanlage gemäß Anspruch 1.The object is achieved by an elevator installation according to claim 1.

Das Bremsseil ist als sogenanntes stehendes Seil, welches im Aufzugsschacht entlang der Verfahrrichtung der Aufzugskabine gespannt oder befestigt ist, ausgeführt. Eine von der Seilbremse bewirkte Bremskraft wird in das Bremsseil eingeleitet und über das Bremsseil in eine Gebäudestruktur übertragen. Dazu ist das Bremsseil vorzugsweise im oberen Bereich des Aufzugsschachts befestigt. Um eine Schwingen des Seils zu verhindern ist das Bremsseil vorzugsweise im unteren Bereich des Aufzugsschachts befestigt, beispielsweise mittels einer Befestigungsklemme, mittels Spannfeder oder einem Spanngewicht. Mindestens eine erste Bremsbacke ist für eine Bewegung der Bremsfläche zwischen einer Bremsstellung, in welcher das Seil gegen die Bremsfläche der anderen Bremsbacke pressbar ist, und einer Freigabestellung, in welcher das Seil zwischen den Bremsbacken freigebbar ist, bewegbar.The brake cable is designed as a so-called standing cable, which is tensioned or fastened in the elevator shaft along the direction of travel of the elevator car. A braking force caused by the cable brake is introduced into the brake cable and transferred to a building structure via the brake cable. For this purpose, the brake cable is preferably attached in the upper area of the elevator shaft. In order to prevent the cable from swinging, the brake cable is preferably fastened in the lower region of the elevator shaft, for example by means of a fastening clamp, a tension spring or a tension weight. At least one first brake shoe can be moved for a movement of the braking surface between a braking position in which the cable can be pressed against the braking surface of the other brake shoe and a release position in which the cable between the brake shoes can be released.

Bevorzugt ist eine Bremsbacke fest montiert und eine Bremsbacke relativ dazu bewegbar.Preferably, a brake shoe is fixedly mounted and a brake shoe is movable relative to it.

Die Seilbremse umfasst vorzugsweise eine lösbare Halteeinrichtung, welche die erste Bremsbacke in der Freigabestellung mit einer Haltekraft beaufschlagt.The cable brake preferably comprises a releasable holding device which applies a holding force to the first brake shoe in the release position.

Die Seilbremse weist eine Rückstelleinrichtung auf, durch welche die erste Bremsbacke von der Bremsstellung in die Freigabestellung überführbar ist. In diesem Zusammenhang ist als Bremsstellung eine Stellung der Bremse zu verstehen, bei der die erste Bremsbacke das Seil zwischen den Bremsbacken zu klemmen beginnt. Die Rückstelleinrichtung ist somit vorteilhafterweise nicht ausgelegt um die erste Bremsbacke aus der voll gespannten Bremsstellung zurückzuführen.The cable brake has a resetting device, by means of which the first brake shoe can be transferred from the braking position into the release position. In this context, the brake position is to be understood as a position of the brake in which the first brake shoe begins to clamp the cable between the brake shoes. The resetting device is thus advantageously not designed to return the first brake shoe from the fully tensioned braking position.

Mindestens zwei drehbar gelagerte Schwenkarme sind mit der ersten Bremsbacke verbunden. Die Schwenkarme sind in einem Parallelogramm angeordnet, dessen eine Seite parallel zur Seildurchführrichtung ausgerichtet ist.At least two rotatably mounted pivot arms are connected to the first brake shoe. The swivel arms are arranged in a parallelogram, one side of which is aligned parallel to the direction of the rope passage.

Bevorzugt sind die Schwenkarme einerseits drehbar an einem Seilbremsgehäuse angelenkt und andererseits drehbar mit der ersten Bremsbacke verbunden.The pivot arms are preferably hinged on the one hand rotatably to a cable brake housing and on the other hand rotatably connected to the first brake shoe.

Das Parallelogramm wird durch die Schwenkarme und die Verbindungslinien der Anlenkpunkte, zum einen am Gehäuse, zum andern an der Bremsbacke gebildet. Das Parallelogramm liegt in einer Ebene, die parallel zur Seildurchführrichtung ist.The parallelogram is formed by the swivel arms and the connecting lines of the articulation points, on the one hand on the housing and on the other hand on the brake shoe. The parallelogram lies in a plane that is parallel to the direction of the rope passage.

Bei einer Drehung der Schwenkarme bleibt die Bremsfläche der ersten Bremsbacke somit stets parallel zur Seildurchführrichtung und die Bremsfläche bleibt somit beim Übergang von der Freigabestellung in die Bremsstellung parallel zu der anderen Bremsfläche. Die Annäherung der Bremsflächen erfolgt also gleichmässig über die gesamte Fläche. Ein punktuelles Klemmen oder Quetschen des Seiles wird somit verhindert.When the swivel arms are rotated, the braking surface of the first brake shoe thus always remains parallel to the direction of cable passage, and the braking surface therefore remains parallel to the other braking surface during the transition from the release position to the braking position. The approach of the braking surfaces takes place evenly over the entire surface. This prevents the rope from pinching or squeezing.

Die Halteeinrichtung umfasst einen schaltbaren Elektromagneten, der insbesondere unter Strombeaufschlagung die erste Bremsbacke in der Freigabestellung hält.The holding device comprises a switchable electromagnet which holds the first brake shoe in the release position, in particular when current is applied.

Die Verriegelung kann im Bremsfall sehr schnell gelöst werden, ohne dass beispielsweise eine mechanische Verschiebung eines Riegels nötig ist. Ebenso wird ausgeschlossen, dass es zu einer Fehlfunktion eines mechanischen Bauteils kommt, wie einem Bruch oder einer Verklemmung.The lock can be released very quickly in the event of braking, without the need for a mechanical displacement of a bolt, for example. It is also excluded that there is a malfunction of a mechanical component, such as a break or jamming.

Die Halteeinrichtung und die Rückstelleinrichtung sind separate Einrichtungen. Daher kann die Halteeinrichtung nicht nur schnell betätigt werden, sie kann auch völlig unabhängig von der Rückstelleinrichtung angeordnet sein.The holding device and the resetting device are separate devices. Therefore, the holding device can not only be actuated quickly, it can also be arranged completely independently of the resetting device.

Der benötigte Platzaufwand ist sehr gering. Da kein mechanisches Bauteil bewegt werden muss, kann die Halteeinrichtung im Wesentlichen in der gleichen Ebene angeordnet werden wie die das Parallelogramm bildenden Schwenkarme. Der Elektromagnet kann beispielweise mit einem Anker zusammenwirken, der an einem Schwenkarm angeordnet ist. Damit wird nicht nur eine kompakte, sondern auch flache Anordnung ermöglicht. Diese erlaubt das Anbringen einer Seilbremse zwischen Aufzugskabine und Aufzugsschacht.The space required is very small. Since no mechanical component has to be moved, the holding device can be arranged essentially in the same plane as the swivel arms forming the parallelogram. The electromagnet can, for example, interact with an armature which is arranged on a swivel arm. This enables not only a compact but also a flat arrangement. This allows a rope brake to be attached between the elevator car and elevator shaft.

Insbesondere haben die Bremsbacken jeweils eine Bremsfläche und sind vorzugsweise zum Bremsen genau eines Seils ausbildet. Dazu haben sie bevorzugt eine Ausdehnung, die in Richtung der Seildurchführung länger ist, als quer dazu. Die Bremsbacken weisen insbesondere Bremsflächen mit einer Form auf, die der Form des Seils angepasst sind. Bevorzugt haben die Bremsflächen eine teilzylindrische Form und sind somit passend für ein Seil mit rundem Durchmesser.In particular, the brake shoes each have a braking surface and are preferably designed to brake precisely one rope. For this purpose, they preferably have an extension that is longer in the direction of the cable feed-through than across it. The brake shoes in particular have braking surfaces with a shape that is adapted to the shape of the cable. The braking surfaces preferably have a partially cylindrical shape and are therefore suitable for a rope with a round diameter.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung weisen die Schwenkarme eine Federeinrichtung auf, welche die erste Bremsbacke in der Bremsstellung mit einer Federkraft beaufschlagt. Dabei ist jeder Schwenkarm mit mindestens je einer Bremsfeder, zum Beispiel einer Tellerfeder oder einem Packet von Tellerfedern, ausgestattet. Die Bremsfeder sorgt dafür, dass die Bremsbacken auch dann noch gegeneinander gefedert sind, wenn es zu einem Kontakt mit dem Seil kommt und die Bremsbacken durch die Reibung mit dem Seil in die Bremsstellung gezogen werden. Ein Abquetschen des Seils wird so vermieden.In an advantageous embodiment, the swivel arms have a spring device which acts on the first brake shoe with a spring force in the braking position. Each swivel arm is equipped with at least one brake spring, for example a disc spring or a package of disc springs. The brake spring ensures that the brake shoes are still sprung against each other when there is contact with the cable and the brake shoes are pulled into the braking position by the friction with the cable. This prevents the rope from being squeezed.

Die Bremsfeder ist beispielsweise zwischen zwei Scheiben vorgespannt. Bevorzugt sind die Bremsfedern als Bremsdruckfedern ausgeführt und der Bremsdruck ist jeweils einstellbar.The brake spring is pretensioned between two discs, for example. The brake springs are preferably designed as brake pressure springs and the brake pressure is adjustable in each case.

Die Schwenkarme sind in der Freigabestellung um einen Winkel gegenüber einer Senkrechten zur Seildurchführrichtung, insbesondere im montierten Zustand um einen Winkel gegenüber der Horizontalen, ausgelenkt.In the release position, the swivel arms are deflected by an angle with respect to a perpendicular to the cable feed-through direction, in particular in the assembled state by an angle with respect to the horizontal.

Damit die Bremsbacken bei Seilkontakt in die Bremsstellung gezogen werden, sind die Schwenkarme in der Freigabestellung zum Beispiel im montierten Zustand nach unten ausgelenkt, wenn die Seilbremse an einer Aufzugskabine montiert ist und das Fallen der Kabine verhindert werden soll. Die Schwenkarme können auch nach oben ausgelenkt sein, wenn eine Aufwärtsbeschleunigung verhindert werden soll.So that the brake shoes are pulled into the braking position when the rope makes contact, the swivel arms are deflected downwards in the release position, for example in the assembled state, when the rope brake is mounted on an elevator car and the car is to be prevented from falling. The swivel arms can also be deflected upwards if upward acceleration is to be prevented.

In einer möglichen Ausgestaltung der Seilbremse ist die erste Bremsbacke unter Strombeaufschlagung der Rückstelleinrichtung in die Freigabestellung überführbar. Dies kann beispielsweise mittels eines Spindelmotors oder eines luftdruckbetätigten Stössels geschehen. Bevorzugt umfasst die Rückstelleinrichtung einen schaltbaren Hubmagneten.In one possible embodiment of the cable brake, the first brake shoe can be moved into the release position when the reset device is subjected to current. This can be done, for example, by means of a spindle motor or an air-pressure operated ram. The resetting device preferably comprises a switchable lifting magnet.

Der Hubmagnet reagiert unmittelbar auf eine Änderung der Strombeaufschlagung. Beim Zurückstellen kann die Rückstelleinrichtung daher sehr schnell wieder deaktiviert werden, so dass die Bremsbacken sofort wieder die Bremsstellung einnehmen können.The lifting magnet reacts immediately to a change in the application of current. When resetting, the resetting device can therefore be deactivated again very quickly, so that the brake shoes can immediately take up the braking position again.

Die Rückstelleinrichtung ist insbesondere so angeordnet, dass sie auf einen Schwenkarm wirkt. Dazu kann beispielweise ein Hubmagnet mit einer Hubstange ausgestattet sein, die auf ein Gegenstück an einem der Schwenkarme drückt.The reset device is arranged in particular in such a way that it acts on a swivel arm. For this purpose, for example, a lifting magnet can be equipped with a lifting rod that presses on a counterpart on one of the swivel arms.

Wenn die Bremsbacke einmal in der Freigabestellung ist, braucht die Rückstelleinrichtung nicht mehr mit Strom beaufschlagt werden, da die Bremsbacke durch die Halteeinrichtung in der Freigabestellung gehalten wird. Die Rückstelleinrichtung kann wieder in eine Position gebracht werden, in der sie den Übergang der Bremsbacke von der Freigabestellung in die Bremsstellung nicht behindert. Dies ist für einen schnellen Übergang der Bremsbacke in die Bremsstellung förderlich.Once the brake shoe is in the release position, the resetting device no longer needs to be supplied with current, since the brake shoe is held in the release position by the holding device. The reset device can be brought back into a position in which it does not hinder the transition of the brake shoe from the release position to the braking position. This is beneficial for a quick transition of the brake shoe into the braking position.

Die Rückstelleinrichtung kann auf einen anderen Schwenkarm wirken als die Halteeinrichtung oder sie kann auf denselben Schwenkarm wirken, aber von einer gegenüberliegenden Seite. Rückstelleinrichtung, Halteeinrichtung und Schwenkarme können somit im Wesentlichen in einer Ebene angeordnet werden, was die flache Ausgestaltung der Seilbremse weiter begünstigt.The resetting device can act on a different swivel arm than the holding device or it can act on the same swivel arm, but from an opposite side. Resetting device, holding device and swivel arms can thus be arranged essentially in one plane, which further favors the flat design of the rope brake.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist die Seilbremse einen Anschlag auf, welcher so angeordnet ist, dass in der Bremsstellung bei der das Seil zwischen den Bremsbacken festgeklemmt ist, mindestens ein Schwenkarm und/oder die erste Bremsbacke an dem Anschlag anliegt. Der Anschlag definiert demnach eine bestimmte Grenzposition der Schwenkarme und/oder die erste Bremsbacke, in welcher die Schwenkarme und die erste Bremsbacke auch unter Einfluss einer Reibungskraft, welche durch ein relativ zu den Bremsbacken bewegtes Seil bewirkt wird, festgehalten werden. Die Schwenkarme können also nicht aus der Bremsposition herausrutschen.In an advantageous embodiment, the cable brake has a stop which is arranged so that in the braking position in which the cable is clamped between the brake shoes, at least one swivel arm and / or the first brake shoe rests against the stop. The stop accordingly defines a certain limit position of the swivel arms and / or the first brake shoe, in which the swivel arms and the first brake shoe are also held under the influence of a frictional force which is brought about by a rope moved relative to the brake shoes. The swivel arms can therefore not slip out of the braking position.

Bevorzugt bilden die Anlenkpunkte der Schwenkarme in der Bremsstellung ein Rechteck. Die Schwenkarme sind in Richtung der Senkrechten zur Seildurchführrichtung gerichtet. Die Anlenkpunkte an den Bremsbacken haben in dieser Position von den Anlenkpunkten am Seilbremsgehäuse den maximalen Abstand und das Parallelogramm hat seine maximale Ausdehnung. Die Bremsfedern können ihre Bremskraft in Richtung der gegenüberliegenden Bremsbacke und somit in Richtung des Seils optimal entfalten. Besonders bevorzugt ist der Anschlag so angeordnet, dass das Parallelogramm im Bremsfall annähernd eine Rechteckposition einnimmt.The pivot points of the swivel arms preferably form a rectangle in the braking position. The swivel arms are directed in the direction of the perpendicular to the rope feed-through direction. In this position, the articulation points on the brake shoes have the maximum distance from the articulation points on the cable brake housing and the parallelogram has its maximum extension. The brake springs can optimally develop their braking force in the direction of the opposite brake shoe and thus in the direction of the cable. The stop is particularly preferably arranged such that the parallelogram assumes an approximately rectangular position in the event of braking.

Vorzugsweisen sind die Halteeinrichtung und/oder die Rückstelleinrichtung der Seilbremse im Bremsfalle inaktiv, insbesondere unbestromt. Bei einem Ausfall der Stromversorgung geht die Seilbremse somit automatisch in die Bremsstellung über.The holding device and / or the resetting device of the cable brake are preferably inactive in the case of braking, in particular when there is no current. If the power supply fails, the rope brake automatically switches to the braking position.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Seilbremse sind die Halteeinrichtung und die Rückstelleinrichtung derart miteinander koppelbar, dass die Rückstelleinrichtung nur aktivierbar ist, also die erste Bremsbacke in eine Freigabestellung überführen kann, wenn die Halteeinrichtung aktiv ist, die Haltevorrichtung also bereit ist, die erste Bremsbacke in einer Freigabeposition zu halten. Insbesondere umfasst die Seilbremse eine elektrische Schaltung, die dafür sorgt, dass ein schaltbarer Hubmagnet der Rückstelleinrichtung nur mit Strom beaufschlagbar ist, wenn der schaltbare Elektromagnet der Halteeinrichtung mit Strom beaufschlagt ist. Bei einem Lösen des Elektromagneten wird zwingend auch der Hubmagnet stromlos geschaltet.In an advantageous embodiment of the cable brake, the holding device and the restoring device can be coupled to one another in such a way that the restoring device can only be activated, i.e. the first brake shoe can be transferred into a release position when the holding device is active, i.e. the holding device is ready, the first brake shoe in To hold the release position. In particular, the cable brake comprises an electrical circuit which ensures that a switchable lifting magnet of the resetting device can only be supplied with current when the switchable electromagnet of the holding device is supplied with current. When the electromagnet is released, the lifting magnet is also de-energized.

Damit wird sichergestellt, dass die Rückstelleinrichtung kraftlos geschaltet wird, wenn zum Beispiel während einer Rückstellung ein Fehler detektiert wird und dadurch der schaltbare Elektromagnet freigeschalten wird. Die Bremsbacke kann dann ungehindert von der Rückstelleinrichtung wieder die Bremsposition einnehmen.This ensures that the reset device is switched powerless if, for example, an error is detected during a reset and the switchable electromagnet is released as a result. The brake shoe can then assume the braking position again, unhindered by the resetting device.

Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Seilbremse eine Sicherungseinrichtung, insbesondere einen Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzer oder ist an eine Sicherungseinrichtung, insbesondere einen Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzer, koppelbar. Die Sicherungseinrichtung ist so eingerichtet, dass sie für ein Lösen der Halteeinrichtung sorgt, sobald eine vorgebbare oder vorgegebene Geschwindigkeit überschritten wird. Der Elektromagnet der Halteeinrichtung kann dafür durch die Sicherungseinrichtung angesteuert werden.The cable brake advantageously comprises a safety device, in particular a speed limiter, or can be coupled to a safety device, in particular a speed limiter. The securing device is set up in such a way that it ensures that the holding device is released as soon as a predefinable or predefined speed is exceeded. For this purpose, the electromagnet of the holding device can be activated by the safety device.

Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass, wenn während einer Rückstellung eine erneute Auslösung erfolgt, mit der Unterbrechung des Elektromagneten auch die Rückstelleinrichtung freigegeben wird.Furthermore, it can be provided that, if a new triggering takes place during a reset, the reset device is also released with the interruption of the electromagnet.

Die Seilbremse umfasst ein Gehäuse, in welchem die Bremsbacken, die Schwenkarme, die Halteeinrichtung und die Rückstelleinrichtung angeordnet sind. Das Gehäuse ist mit einer Aufzugskabine verbindbar sein, so dass die Seilbremse bevorzugt mit einem in einem Aufzugsschacht fest montierten Bremsseil zusammenwirkt. Eine besonders bevorzugte flache Anordnung der Seilbremse wird ermöglicht, wenn die Halteeinrichtung und die Rückstelleinrichtung, sowie gegebenenfalls der Anschlag, auf einer gemeinsamen Gehäuseplatte angeordnet sind, auf welcher auch die Schwenkarme angelenkt sind. Auf derselben Gehäuseplatte kann auch eine feststehende Bremsbacke montiert sein.The cable brake comprises a housing in which the brake shoes, the pivot arms, the holding device and the resetting device are arranged. The housing can be connected to an elevator car so that the rope brake preferably interacts with a brake rope that is fixedly mounted in an elevator shaft. A particularly preferred flat arrangement of the cable brake is made possible if the holding device and the resetting device, and possibly the stop, are arranged on a common housing plate on which the pivot arms are also articulated. A fixed brake shoe can also be mounted on the same housing plate.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist eine Seilbremse mit mindestens einer Zustellfeder versehen, welche auf die erste Bremsbacke eine Kraft in Richtung der Bremsstellung bewirkt. Die Zustellfeder ist bevorzugt drehbar um eine Achse gelagert, die parallel zu den Drehachsen der Schwenkarme angeordnet ist.A cable brake is particularly advantageously provided with at least one feed spring which exerts a force on the first brake shoe in the direction of the braking position. The feed spring is preferably mounted rotatably about an axis which is arranged parallel to the axes of rotation of the pivot arms.

Insbesondere ist die Zustellfeder einerseits drehbar an einem Seilbremsgehäuse angelenkt und andererseits drehbar mit der ersten Bremsbacke verbunden. Die Zustellfeder kann somit in der im Wesentlichen gleichen Ebene wie die das Parallelogramm bildenden Schwenkarme angeordnet sein und beeinträchtigt den flachen Aufbau der Seilbremse nicht. Die Zustellfeder sorgt dafür, dass sich die erste Bremsbacke nach dem Lösen der Halteeinrichtung in Richtung der Bremsstellung bewegt. Dazu hat die Federkraft der Zustellfeder eine Kraft-Komponente in Seildurchführrichtung.In particular, the feed spring is pivoted on the one hand rotatably to a cable brake housing and on the other hand rotatably connected to the first brake shoe. The feed spring can thus be arranged in essentially the same plane as the pivot arms forming the parallelogram and does not impair the flat structure of the cable brake. The feed spring ensures that the first brake shoe moves in the direction of the braking position after the holding device is released. For this purpose, the spring force of the feed spring has a force component in the direction of the cable feed-through.

Insbesondere sind mehrere, bevorzugt vier, parallel zueinander angeordnete Zustellfedern vorgesehen. Die Kraft in Richtung der Bremsstellung wird somit auf die Zustellfedern verteilt. Die Federkräfte sind bevorzugt so ausgelegt, dass bei einem Ausfall einer Feder, zum Beispiel bei einem Bruch, die restlichen Federn noch eine ausreichend grosse Kraft zum sicheren Bewegen der Bremsbacke aufbringen.In particular, several, preferably four, feed springs arranged parallel to one another are provided. The force in the direction of the braking position is thus distributed to the feed springs. The spring forces are preferably designed so that in the event of a spring failure, for example in the event of a break, the remaining springs still apply a sufficiently large force to safely move the brake shoe.

Wird beispielsweise davon ausgegangen, dass selbst bei einem totalen Versagen einer der montierten Federn immer noch eine Betätigungskraft gefordert wird, die 150% der notwendigen Kraft entspricht, so muss bei einer Anordnung mit zwei Federn jede der Federn mindestens 150% der notwendigen Kraft aufbringen. Insgesamt ergibt sich also eine Federkraft von mindestens 300%. Bei einer Sicherung durch vier Federn werden die geforderten 150% der notwendigen Kraft im Fall eines Ausfalls einer Feder von den verbleibenden drei Federn erbracht. Die maximal vorhandene Betätigungskraft bei einer Bestückung mit vier Federn entspricht also nur mindestens 200% der notwendigen Kraft. Durch die Verwendung mehrerer Federn kann somit die maximale Betätigungskraft reduziert werden, womit auch eine erforderliche Haltekraft der Halteeinrichtung kleiner dimensioniert werden kann.If, for example, it is assumed that even in the event of a total failure of one of the installed springs, an actuating force that corresponds to 150% of the necessary force is still required, then in an arrangement with two springs each of the springs must apply at least 150% of the necessary force. Overall, there is a spring force of at least 300%. When securing with four springs, the required 150% of the necessary force is provided by the remaining three springs in the event of a spring failure. The maximum available operating force when equipped with four springs therefore only corresponds to at least 200% of the necessary force. By using several springs, the maximum actuation force can thus be reduced, which means that a required holding force of the holding device can also be made smaller.

Bei den Federn kann es sich um Zugfedern handeln. Zugfedern sind günstig und sie benötigen keine weitere Führung.The springs can be tension springs. Extension springs are inexpensive and do not require any additional guidance.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist die Zustellfeder so angeordnet, dass sie in der Freigabestellung gegenüber einer Senkrechten zur Seildurchführungsrichtung um einen Zustellwinkel ausgelenkt ist und in der Bremsstellung um einen Winkel, der kleiner als der Zustellwinkel ist. Dies bedeutet, dass die Federkraftkomponente in Seildurchführungsrichtung in der Bremsstellung kleiner ist als in der Freigabestellung. Die Zustellfedern können also relativ leicht aus der Bremsstellung wieder in die Freigabestellung überführt werden, wobei die dazu notwendige Kraft mit grösser werdendem Winkel ansteigt.In an advantageous embodiment, the feed spring is arranged in such a way that it is deflected by an feed angle in the release position relative to a perpendicular to the cable feed-through direction, and in the braking position by an angle that is smaller than the feed angle. This means that the spring force component in the cable feed-through direction is smaller in the braking position than in the release position. The feed springs can therefore be moved relatively easily from the braking position back into the release position, the force required for this increasing as the angle increases.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung umfasst die Seilbremse Führungsrollen zum Ausrichten des Seils gegenüber den Bremsbacken. Die Führungsrollen sind bevorzugt paarweise entlang der Seildurchführungsrichtung angeordnet und an dem Seilbremsengehäuse befestigt.In an advantageous embodiment, the cable brake comprises guide rollers for aligning the cable with respect to the brake shoes. The guide rollers are preferably arranged in pairs along the cable feed-through direction and attached to the cable brake housing.

Die Führungsrollen sind insbesondere notwendig, wenn die Seilbremse an einer Aufzugskabine befestigt ist und mit einem feststehenden Bremsseil zusammenwirkt. Die Aufzugskabine wird zwar in der Regel in dem Aufzugsschacht geführt, aber das Bremsseil kann gegenüber der Aufzugskabine dennoch ein gewisses Spiel haben. Die Fügungsrollen stellen sicher, dass das Bremsseil immer zwischen den Bremsbacken zentriert ist.The guide rollers are particularly necessary when the cable brake is attached to an elevator car and interacts with a stationary brake cable. The elevator car is generally guided in the elevator shaft, but the brake cable can nevertheless have a certain amount of play with respect to the elevator car. The joining rollers ensure that the brake cable is always centered between the brake shoes.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Aufzugskabine mit mindestens einer Seilbremse wie sie oben beschrieben ist. Die Seilbremse ist dafür fest mit der Aufzugskabine verbunden.The object is achieved by an elevator car with at least one rope brake as described above. The rope brake is firmly connected to the elevator car.

Die Seilbremse kann in eine Aussenwand der Aufzugskabine integriert sein. Bevorzugt umfasst die Seilbremse jedoch ein Gehäuse das mit einer tragenden Struktur der Aufzugskabine beispielsweise mit dem Boden der Aufzugskabine verbunden ist. Die Seilbremse ist dann, zum Beispiel für Wartungszwecke, leicht zugänglich.The rope brake can be integrated into an outer wall of the elevator car. Preferably, however, the rope brake comprises a housing which is connected to a supporting structure of the elevator car, for example to the floor of the elevator car. The rope brake is then easily accessible, for example for maintenance purposes.

Bevorzugt ist eine Aufzugskabine mit zwei Seilbremsen ausgestattet, die mit beidseitig der Aufzugskabine vorgesehenen stehenden Bremsseilen zusammenwirken.An elevator car is preferably equipped with two rope brakes, which interact with stationary brake ropes provided on both sides of the elevator car.

Die Bremsseile und damit die Seilbremsen können beispielweise an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Aufzugskabine auf einer Mittel- oder Symmetrielinie der Aufzugskabine angeordnet sein, oder sie können entlang einer zur Mittel- oder Symmetrielinie der Aufzugskabine gedrehten Diagonallinie angeordnet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Anordnung so, dass eine Führungskraftwirkung auf die Führungsschienen minimal ist. Die Bremskraft wird so im Bremsfall gleichmässig auf die Aufzugskabine übertragen. Aufzugskabinen können entlang von Führungsseilen durch den Aufzugsschacht geführt werden. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Aufzugskabine mit einer Schienenführung ausgestattet. Die Schienenführung umfasst dabei bevorzugt zwei Führungselemente. Diese können seitlich an der Aufzugskabine angeordnet sein oder an einer Wand der Aufzugskabine, was einer sogenannten "Huckepack-anordnung" entspricht.The brake cables and thus the cable brakes can, for example, be arranged on opposite sides of the elevator car on a central or symmetry line of the elevator car, or they can be arranged along a diagonal line rotated relative to the central or symmetry line of the elevator car. The arrangement is preferably such that the effect of a management force on the guide rails is minimal. The braking force is evenly transferred to the elevator car when braking. Elevator cars can be guided through the elevator shaft along guide ropes. The elevator car is advantageously equipped with a rail guide. The rail guide preferably comprises two guide elements. These can be arranged on the side of the elevator car or on a wall of the elevator car, which corresponds to a so-called " piggyback arrangement".

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Aufzugsanlage mit Seilbremse wie oben beschrieben und/oder Aufzugskabine wie oben beschrieben und mindestens einem Bremsseil, das fest in einem Aufzugschacht anbringbar ist. Typischerweise sind in einem Aufzugsschacht für eine Aufzugskabine zwei Bremsseile vorgesehen.The object is achieved by an elevator system with a rope brake as described above and / or an elevator car as described above and at least one brake rope that can be fixedly attached in an elevator shaft. Two brake cables are typically provided in an elevator shaft for an elevator car.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung umfasst die Aufzugsanlage Hohlschienen zum Führen der Aufzugskabine. Die Hohlschienen können an gegenüberliegenden Schachtwänden angeordnet sein oder für einen "Huckepackanordnung" nebeneinander an einer Wand.In an advantageous embodiment, the elevator system comprises hollow rails for guiding the elevator car. The hollow rails can be arranged on opposite shaft walls or for a "piggyback arrangement" next to one another on a wall.

Da im Bremsfall die Bremsung über ein Bremsseil bewirkt wird, benötigt die Anlage zwar ausser den Schienen noch Bremsseile, aber zum Führen der Aufzugskabine können unverstärkte Hohlschienen verwendet werden. Unverstärkte Hohlschienen sind zum Führen der Aufzugskabine auslegt, aber nicht ausreichend druckfest für eine Bremsung. Sie sind in der Regel deutlich preisgünstiger und leichter montierbar als verstärkte Schienen.Since, in the event of braking, braking is effected via a brake cable, the system requires brake cables in addition to the rails, but unreinforced hollow rails can be used to guide the elevator car. Unreinforced hollow rails are designed to guide the elevator car, but are not sufficiently pressure-resistant for braking. As a rule, they are significantly cheaper and easier to assemble than reinforced rails.

Die Aufgabe wird ausserdem gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Bremsen einer Aufzugskabine, insbesondere wie oben beschrieben, mit einer Seilbremse, insbesondere wie oben beschrieben, mit den folgenden Schritten. Eine Halteeinrichtung wird gelöst und mindestens eine erste Bremsbacke geht aus einer Freigabestellung in eine Bremsstellung über, wobei mindestens zwei drehbar gelagerte, mit der Bremsbacke verbundene Schwenkarme ihre Stellung ändern. Die Schwenkarme sind in einem Parallelogramm angeordnet, dessen eine Seite parallel zur Seildurchführrichtung ist. Das Lösen der Halteeinrichtung erfolgt dadurch, dass die Stromzuführung zu einem Elektromagneten unterbrochen wird.The object is also achieved by a method for braking an elevator car, in particular as described above, with a cable brake, in particular as described above, with the following steps. A holding device is released and at least one first brake shoe changes from a release position into a braking position, with at least two rotatably mounted pivot arms connected to the brake shoe changing their position. The swivel arms are arranged in a parallelogram, one side of which is parallel to the direction of rope passage. The holding device is released by interrupting the power supply to an electromagnet.

Der Elektrohaftmagnet wirkt beispielsweise auf ein Gegenstück, das an einem der Schwenkarme angebracht ist. Wirkt keine Haltekraft auf die Schwenkarme mehr, ändern die Schwenkarme ihre Position typischerweise aufgrund der Federkraft von Zustellfedern, welche die erste Bremsbacke in Richtung Bremsstellung ziehen.The holding magnet acts, for example, on a counterpart that is attached to one of the swivel arms. If the holding force no longer acts on the swivel arms, the swivel arms typically change their position due to the spring force of feed springs which pull the first brake shoe in the direction of the braking position.

Kommt es zu einem Kontakt zwischen den Bremsflächen der Bremsbacken und dem Bremsseil, so führt die Reibungskraft zu einem weiteren Schliessen der Seilbremse. Eine Grenzposition der Bremsbacke ist erreicht, wenn die Bremsbacke oder mindestens einer der Schwenkarme gegen einen Anschlag schlägt.If there is contact between the braking surfaces of the brake shoes and the brake cable, the frictional force leads to a further closure of the cable brake. A limit position of the brake shoe is reached when the brake shoe or at least one of the swivel arms hits a stop.

Bremsfedern, die beispielweise in den Schwenkarmen integriert sind, bestimmen die Andrückkraft der Bremsbacken an das Seil. Diese Kraft kann eingestellt werden, indem die Vorspannung der Bremsfedern eingestellt wird.Brake springs, which are integrated in the swivel arms, for example, determine the pressure of the brake shoes on the rope. This force can be adjusted by adjusting the preload of the brake springs.

Mit einer Rückstelleinrichtung, zum Beispiel einem Hubmagneten, können die Bremsbacken wieder in eine Freigabestellung gebracht werden. Dazu drückt der Hubmagnet zum Beispiel eine Bremsbacke oder einen Schwenkarm wieder in eine gespannte Position, in welcher die Bremsbacke oder der Schwenkarm von dem Elektromagnet gehalten wird.With a reset device, for example a lifting magnet, the brake shoes can be brought back into a release position. For this purpose, the lifting magnet presses, for example, a brake shoe or a swivel arm back into a tensioned position in which the brake shoe or the swivel arm is held by the electromagnet.

In den vorliegenden Ausführungen ist stets von einer Seilbremse ausgegangen, welche mit einem vorzugsweise stehenden Seil oder Bremsseil zusammenarbeitet. In einer Alternative kann es sich hierbei gleichwirkend auch um eine Schienenbremse handeln, welche dann mit einer entsprechenden Bremsschiene, vorzugsweise einer entsprechend geformten Führungsschiene zusammenwirkt. In der Leseart der vorliegenden Beschreibung und Ansprüche ist dann anstelle des Seils eine Schiene zu verstehen.In the present explanations, a cable brake has always been assumed which works together with a preferably stationary cable or brake cable. In an alternative, this can also be a rail brake with the same effect, which is then connected to a corresponding brake rail, preferably a correspondingly shaped guide rail cooperates. In the reading of the present description and claims, a rail is then to be understood instead of the rope.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei sind entsprechende Elemente mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. Corresponding elements are provided with matching reference symbols.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Seilbremse in Freigabestellung in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 2
die Seilbremse in Bremsstellung in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 3
die Seilbremse in Bremsstellung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
Fig. 4a
eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage in einer Draufsicht von oben;
Fig. 4b
eine schematische Darstellung des ersten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage in einer Seitenansicht;
Fig. 5a
eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage in einer Draufsicht von oben;
Fig. 5b
eine schematische Darstellung des zweiten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage in einer Seitenansicht.
Show it
Fig. 1
a cable brake in the release position in a side view;
Fig. 2
the cable brake in the braking position in a side view;
Fig. 3
the cable brake in the braking position in a perspective view;
Figure 4a
a schematic representation of a first example of an elevator installation in a plan view from above;
Figure 4b
a schematic representation of the first example of an elevator installation in a side view;
Figure 5a
a schematic representation of a second example of an elevator installation in a plan view from above;
Figure 5b
a schematic representation of the second example of an elevator installation in a side view.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Seilbremse 1 in Freigabestellung in einer Seitenansicht. Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen dieselbe Seilbremse 1 in der Bremsstellung. Figure 1 shows a cable brake 1 in the release position in a side view. Figures 2 and 3 show the same rope brake 1 in the braking position.

Die Seilbremse 1 umfasst zwei Bremsbacken 2, 3, die zueinander gerichtete Bremsflächen 4, 5 aufweisen. Das in Figuren 1-3 nicht explizit dargestellte Bremsseil 24 (siehe Figuren 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b) ist entlang einer Seildurchführrichtung 6 zwischen den Bremsflächen 4, 5 durchführbar.The cable brake 1 comprises two brake shoes 2, 3, which have braking surfaces 4, 5 facing one another. This in Figures 1-3 Brake cable 24 not explicitly shown (see Figures 4a, 4b , 5a, 5b ) can be carried out along a rope lead-through direction 6 between the braking surfaces 4, 5.

Eine erste Bremsbacke 2 ist mit zwei drehbar gelagerten Schwenkarmen 10a, 10b verbunden, die als Parallelogramm angeordnet sind, dessen eine Seite, also zum Beispiel die Verbindungslinie der Anlenkpunkte an der Bremsbacke 2, parallel zur Seildurchführrichtung 6 ausgerichtet ist.A first brake shoe 2 is connected to two rotatably mounted swivel arms 10a, 10b, which are arranged as a parallelogram, one side of which, for example the connection line of the articulation points on the brake shoe 2, is aligned parallel to the cable feed-through direction 6.

Mit den Schwenkarmen 10a, 10b kann die erste Bremsbacke 2 zwischen einer Bremsstellung, in welcher das Seil gegen die Bremsfläche 5 der anderen Bremsbacke 3 gepresst wird (Figur 2, und Figur 3), und einer Freigabestellung (Figur 1), in welcher ein genügend grosser Abstand 27 zwischen den Bremsflächen 4, 5 besteht, um das Seil freizugeben, bewegt werden.With the swivel arms 10a, 10b, the first brake shoe 2 can be switched between a braking position in which the cable is pressed against the braking surface 5 of the other brake shoe 3 ( Figure 2 , and Figure 3 ), and a release position ( Figure 1 ), in which there is a sufficiently large distance 27 between the braking surfaces 4, 5 to release the rope, are moved.

Die Seilbremse 1 besitzt eine lösbare Halteeinrichtung 8, welche die erste Bremsbacke 2 in der Freigabestellung mit einer Haltekraft beaufschlagt. Die Halteeinrichtung 8 umfasst einen schaltbaren Elektromagneten 14, der unter Strombeaufschlagung die erste Bremsbacke 2 in der Freigabestellung hält.The rope brake 1 has a releasable holding device 8, which applies a holding force to the first brake shoe 2 in the release position. The holding device 8 comprises a switchable electromagnet 14 which, when energized, holds the first brake shoe 2 in the release position.

Der Elektromagnet 14 wirkt mit einem Anker 28 zusammen, der an einem der Schwenkarme 10a angebracht ist und hält die Schwenkarme 10a, 10b in einem Auslenkwinkel 33 gegenüber einer Senkrechten 13 zur Seildurchführrichtung 6. Sobald der Elektromagnet 14 unbestromt ist, wirkt keine Haltekraft mehr und die Schwenkarme 10a, 10b können ihre Position ändern. In der Bremsstellung bilden die Anlenkpunkte der Schwenkarme 10a, 10b annähernd ein Rechteck.The electromagnet 14 interacts with an armature 28, which is attached to one of the pivot arms 10a and holds the pivot arms 10a, 10b at a deflection angle 33 relative to a perpendicular 13 to the cable feed-through direction 6 Swivel arms 10a, 10b can change their position. In the braking position, the articulation points of the pivot arms 10a, 10b form approximately a rectangle.

Die Änderung der Position wird durch beispielsweise vier Zustellfedern 19 bewirkt, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind. Sie stellen eine Kraft in Richtung der Bremsstellung bereit. Die Zustellfedern 19 sind bevorzugt drehbar um eine Achse 29 gelagert, die parallel zu Drehachsen 30 (Fig. 3) der Schwenkarme 10a, 10b angeordnet ist.The change in position is brought about by, for example, four feed springs 19 which are arranged parallel to one another. They provide a force in the direction of the braking position. The feed springs 19 are preferably rotatably mounted about an axis 29, which is parallel to axes of rotation 30 ( Fig. 3 ) the pivot arms 10a, 10b is arranged.

Die Zustellfedern 19 sind in der Freigabestellung gegenüber der Senkrechten 13 zur Seildurchführungsrichtung 6 (im montierten Zustand gegenüber der Horizontalen) um einen Zustellwinkel 12a ausgelenkt und in der Bremsstellung um einen Winkel 12b, der kleiner als der Zustellwinkel 12a ist. Die Schliesskraftkomponente der Zustellfedern 19 ist also in der Bremsstellung, in der ohnehin die Reibungskraft des Seils wirkt, kleiner als in der Freigabestellung.In the release position, the feed springs 19 are deflected by an infeed angle 12a in relation to the vertical 13 to the cable feed-through direction 6 (in the assembled state in relation to the horizontal) and in the braking position by an angle 12b which is smaller than the infeed angle 12a. The closing force component of the feed springs 19 is therefore smaller in the braking position, in which the frictional force of the rope is already acting, than in the release position.

Durch eine Rückstelleinrichtung 9 ist die erste Bremsbacke 2 von der Bremsstellung in die Freigabestellung überführbar. Die Rückstelleinrichtung 9 umfasst zum Beispiel einen schaltbaren Hubmagneten 15, der insbesondere so angeordnet ist, dass er auf einen Schwenkarm 10a wirkt.The first brake shoe 2 can be transferred from the braking position into the release position by means of a restoring device 9. The resetting device 9 comprises, for example, a switchable lifting magnet 15 which is in particular arranged such that it acts on a swivel arm 10a.

Bevorzugt sind der Elektromagnet 14 und der Hubmagnet 15 so geschaltet, dass sie im Bremsfall unbestromt sind.The electromagnet 14 and the lifting magnet 15 are preferably switched in such a way that they are de-energized when braking.

Ausserdem sind bevorzugt der Elektromagnet 14 und die Hubmagnet 15 gekoppelt, so dass der Hubmagnet 15 nur bestromt werden kann, wenn der Elektromagnet 14 bestromt ist.In addition, the electromagnet 14 and the lifting magnet 15 are preferably coupled, so that the lifting magnet 15 can only be energized when the electromagnet 14 is energized.

Die Schwenkarme 10a, 10b weisen eine Federeinrichtung 7 auf, welche die erste Bremsbacke 2 in der Bremsstellung mit einer Federkraft beaufschlagt. Dazu ist jeder Schwenkarm 10a, 10b mit je einer Bremsfeder 11, zum Beispiel einer vorspannbaren Druckfeder, insbesondere eine Tellerfeder oder einem Packet von Tellerfedern, ausgestattet.The pivot arms 10a, 10b have a spring device 7 which acts on the first brake shoe 2 with a spring force in the braking position. For this purpose, each swivel arm 10a, 10b is each equipped with a brake spring 11, for example a pretensionable compression spring, in particular a disc spring or a package of disc springs.

Die Seilbremse 1 besitzt einen Anschlag 16, welcher so angeordnet ist, dass mindestens die erste Bremsbacke 2 in der Bremsstellung an dem Anschlag 16 anliegt.The rope brake 1 has a stop 16 which is arranged such that at least the first brake shoe 2 rests against the stop 16 in the braking position.

Die Seilbremse 1 kann einen Lagesensor 34 umfassen, über den feststellbar ist, ob die Seilbremse 1 in der Bremsstellung ist. Wird über den Lagesensor 34 ein Einsatz der Seilbremse detektiert, kann für diesen Fall eine Normalfahrt des Aufzugs verhindert werden. Der Lagesensor 34 kann als Schalter ausgeführt sein, der betätigt wird, wenn ein Schwenkarm 10b in der Bremsstellung an den Lagesensor 34 anschlägt.The rope brake 1 can include a position sensor 34, via which it can be determined whether the rope brake 1 is in the braking position. If the use of the rope brake is detected via the position sensor 34, normal travel of the elevator can be prevented in this case. The position sensor 34 can be designed as a switch which is actuated when a swivel arm 10b strikes the position sensor 34 in the braking position.

Die Seilbremse 1 umfasst bevorzugt eine Gehäuseplatte 18, die zusammen mit einer in der Figur nicht gezeigten Abdeckung ein Gehäuse 17 (siehe Figuren 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b) bildet. An der Gehäuseplatte sind die Schwenkarme 10a, 10b angelenkt und eine Bremsbacke 3, die Halteeinrichtung 8 und die Rückstelleinrichtung 9 festmontiert. An der Gehäuseplatte 18 sind ausserdem Führungsrollen 23 angebracht zum Ausrichten des Seils gegenüber den Bremsbacken 2, 3. Im Beispiel sind die Führungsrollen 23 mittels Federeinrichtungen 35 elastisch an die Bremsbacke 3 gekoppelt, so dass beim Andrücken des Bremsseils an die Bremsbacke 3 die Führungsrollen 23 zurückweichen können.The rope brake 1 preferably comprises a housing plate 18 which, together with a cover not shown in the figure, forms a housing 17 (see FIG Figures 4a, 4b , 5a, 5b ) forms. The pivot arms 10a, 10b are articulated to the housing plate and a brake shoe 3, the holding device 8 and the resetting device 9 are fixedly mounted. Guide rollers 23 are also attached to the housing plate 18 to align the cable with respect to the brake shoes 2, 3. In the example, the guide rollers 23 are elastically coupled to the brake shoe 3 by means of spring devices 35, so that the guide rollers 23 retreat when the brake cable is pressed against the brake shoe 3 can.

Auf der Gehäuseplatte 18 ist ausserdem eine Halterung 31 zum Fixieren der Zustellfedern 19 vorgesehen.In addition, a holder 31 for fixing the feed springs 19 is provided on the housing plate 18.

Figur 4a zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines ersten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage 25 in Draufsicht von oben, Figur 4b zeigt eine schematische Darstellung desselben Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage 25 in einer Seitenansicht. Figure 4a shows a schematic representation of a first example of an elevator system 25 in a top view from above; Figure 4b shows a schematic representation of the same example for an elevator installation 25 in a side view.

In einem nicht näher dargestellten Aufzugsschacht sind zwei Hohlschienen 26 vorgesehen, die an zwei gegenüberliegenden Wänden angebracht sind. Die Hohlschienen dienen zum Führen einer Aufzugskabine 20.In an elevator shaft not shown in detail, two hollow rails 26 are provided which are attached to two opposite walls. The hollow rails are used to guide an elevator car 20.

Die Bremsseile 24 sind entlang einer zur Mittel- oder Symmetrielinie der Aufzugskabine 32 gedrehten Diagonallinie 36 angeordnet. Entsprechend dazu sind Seilbremsen 1 an der Aufzugskabine 20 angebracht. Mit dieser Anordnung ist bei einem Bremsen der Aufzugskabine eine Führungskraftwirkung auf die Führungsschienen 26 minimal.The brake cables 24 are arranged along a diagonal line 36 rotated with respect to the center or symmetry line of the elevator car 32. Corresponding to this, cable brakes 1 are attached to the elevator car 20. With this arrangement, when the elevator car is braked, a management force effect on the guide rails 26 is minimal.

Die Seilbremsen 1 umfassen je ein Gehäuse 17, das an einer tragenden Struktur der Aufzugskabine 20, wie beispielsweise dem Boden 21 oder einem Tragrahmen, befestigt ist.The rope brakes 1 each include a housing 17 which is attached to a supporting structure of the elevator car 20, such as the floor 21 or a supporting frame.

Figur 5a zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines zweiten Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage 25 in Draufsicht von oben, Figur 5b zeigt eine schematische Darstellung desselben Beispiels für eine Aufzugsanlage 25 in einer Seitenansicht. Figure 5a shows a schematic representation of a second example of an elevator system 25 in a plan view from above, Figure 5b shows a schematic representation of the same example for an elevator installation 25 in a side view.

In einem nicht näher dargestellten Aufzugsschacht sind zwei Hohlschienen 26 vorgesehen, die an einer Wand angebracht sind. Die Hohlschienen 26 dienen zum Führen einer Aufzugskabine 20 und wirken mit Schienenführungen 22 zusammen, die an der Aufzugskabine 20 angebracht sind.In an elevator shaft not shown in detail, two hollow rails 26 are provided which are attached to a wall. The hollow rails 26 serve to guide an elevator car 20 and interact with rail guides 22 which are attached to the elevator car 20.

Die Bremsseile 24 sind an gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Aufzugskabine 20 auf der Mittel- oder Symmetrielinie 32 der Aufzugskabine 20 angeordnet Entsprechend dazu sind Seilbremsen 1 an der Aufzugskabine 20 angebracht. Die Seilbremsen 1 umfassen ein Gehäuse 17, das an dem Boden 21 oder einer tragenden Struktur der Aufzugskabine 20 befestigt ist.The brake cables 24 are arranged on opposite sides of the elevator car 20 on the center or symmetry line 32 of the elevator car 20. Corresponding to this, rope brakes 1 are attached to the elevator car 20. The rope brakes 1 comprise a housing 17 which is fastened to the floor 21 or to a supporting structure of the elevator car 20.

Die Seilbremse 1 ist sehr flach aufgebaut, so dass sie auch in einem beengten Aufzugsschacht Platz neben einer Aufzugskabine 20 findet.The rope brake 1 has a very flat design, so that there is space next to an elevator car 20 even in a narrow elevator shaft.

Die Seilbremse 1 kann typischerweise für Bremsseile 24 mit Durchmessern zwischen 11 und 19 mm eingesetzt werden. Ein Paar von Seilbremsen kann Transportlasten zwischen 1000 und 2000kg sichern.The cable brake 1 can typically be used for brake cables 24 with diameters between 11 and 19 mm. A pair of rope brakes can secure transport loads between 1000 and 2000kg.

Die Bautiefe beträgt nur etwa das Vierfache von dem Seildurchmesser und wird massgeblich von den verwendeten Bauteilen bestimmt, zum Beispiel von dem Durchmesser der Bremsfedern 11 oder des Elektromagneten 15. So ist beispielsweise eine Bautiefe von etwa 50mm bei einer Bauhöhe von mehr als 500mm denkbar.The overall depth is only about four times the rope diameter and is largely determined by the components used, for example the diameter of the brake springs 11 or the electromagnet 15. For example, an overall depth of about 50mm with an overall height of more than 500mm is conceivable.

Claims (13)

  1. Elevator system (25) having at least one cable brake (1) for an elevator system (25) having a brake cable (24), comprising at least one pair of brake shoes (2, 3) which have braking surfaces (4, 5) that face one another, it being possible for the brake cable (24) to be guided between the braking surfaces (4, 5), at least one first brake shoe (2) for moving the braking surface (4) being movable between a braking position, in which the cable can be pressed against the braking surface (5) of the other brake shoe (3), and a release position, in which the cable can be released between the brake shoes (2, 3), comprising a releasable holding device (8) which applies a holding force to the first brake shoe (2) in the release position, the cable brake (1) further comprising at least two rotatably mounted pivot arms (10a, 10b) which are connected to the first brake shoe (2) and are arranged as a parallelogram, one side of which is oriented in parallel with a cable guidance direction (6), and the cable brake (1) further comprising a resetting device (9), by means of which the first brake shoe (2) can be transferred from the braking position into the release position, characterized in that the brake shoes (2, 3), the pivot arms (10a, 10b), the holding device (8) and the resetting device (9) are arranged in a housing (17), preferably on a common housing plate (18), and the housing (17) is connected to an elevator car (20) and the holding device (8) and/or the resetting device (9) are inactive in the event of braking, in particular are de-energized, and having at least one brake cable (24) which can be attached or is attached fixedly in an elevator shaft.
  2. Elevator system (25) according to claim 1, wherein the releasable holding device (8) comprises a switchable electromagnet (14) which holds the first brake shoe (2) in the release position, in particular when current is applied.
  3. Elevator system (25) according to either of the preceding claims, wherein the first brake shoe (2) can be transferred into the release position when current is applied to the resetting device (9).
  4. Elevator system (25) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the resetting device (9) comprises a switchable lifting magnet (15) which is in particular arranged such that it acts on a pivot arm (10a).
  5. Elevator system (25) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cable brake has a stop (16) which is arranged such that at least one pivot arm (10b) and/or the first brake shoe (2) abuts the stop (16) in the braking position.
  6. Elevator system (25) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the holding device (8) and the resetting device (9) can be coupled to one another such that the resetting device (9) can only be activated when the holding device (8) is active.
  7. Elevator system (25) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cable brake comprises at least one feed spring (19), in particular a plurality of, preferably four, feed springs (19) which are arranged in parallel with one another and exert a force on the first brake shoe (2) in the direction of the braking position, wherein the feed spring (19) is a tension spring and is preferably rotatably mounted about an axis which is arranged in parallel with the axes of rotation of the pivot arms (10a, 10b).
  8. Elevator system (25) according to claim 7, wherein the feed spring (19) is arranged such that, in the release position, said spring is deflected with respect to a perpendicular (13) relative to the cable guidance direction (6) by a feed angle (12a) and, in the braking position, said spring is deflected by an angle (12b) which is smaller than the feed angle.
  9. Elevator system (25) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the cable brake comprises guide rollers (23) for orienting the cable with respect to the brake shoes (2, 3).
  10. Elevator system (25) according to claim 1, wherein the elevator car (20) is equipped with a rail guide (22).
  11. Elevator system (25) according to claim 1, having hollow rails (26) for guiding the elevator car (20).
  12. Method for braking an elevator car (20) according to either claim 1 or claim 10, comprising the following steps:
    - releasing a holding device (8); and
    - transitioning at least one brake shoe (2) from a release position into a braking position, at least two rotatably mounted pivot arms (10a, 10b) changing their position, which pivot arms are arranged in a parallelogram, one side of which is oriented in parallel with a cable guidance direction (6), characterized in that the power supply to an electromagnet (14) is interrupted in order to release the holding device (8).
  13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the contact between the braking surface of the brake shoe (2) and the brake cable (24) leads to further closing of the cable brake (1) by means of the frictional force.
EP17793654.9A 2016-11-10 2017-11-03 Cable brake, lift cabin and lift assembly Active EP3538468B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16198242 2016-11-10
PCT/EP2017/078116 WO2018086989A1 (en) 2016-11-10 2017-11-03 Cable brake, elevator car, and elevator system

Publications (2)

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EP3538468A1 EP3538468A1 (en) 2019-09-18
EP3538468B1 true EP3538468B1 (en) 2020-10-07

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EP17793654.9A Active EP3538468B1 (en) 2016-11-10 2017-11-03 Cable brake, lift cabin and lift assembly

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US (1) US11661314B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3538468B1 (en)
CN (1) CN109963805B (en)
AU (1) AU2017358502B2 (en)
ES (1) ES2832730T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2018086989A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108285081B (en) * 2017-01-10 2021-08-03 奥的斯电梯公司 Elevator car stabilizing device, control method thereof and elevator system
CN110759203B (en) * 2019-09-25 2022-05-13 浙江威特电梯有限公司 Control device with power failure emergency and electric brake release integration
FR3102469B1 (en) * 2019-10-24 2021-11-19 Sodimas Elevator assembly
CN111532939A (en) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-14 山西新富升机器制造有限公司 Intelligent anti-skidding system for steel wire rope of friction hoist and control method
CN115215180A (en) * 2021-04-15 2022-10-21 奥的斯电梯公司 Elevator system
CN113734932B (en) * 2021-09-14 2023-05-05 台州富士电梯股份有限公司 Steel wire rope brake

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2832730T3 (en) 2021-06-11
AU2017358502B2 (en) 2020-10-29
BR112019008832A2 (en) 2019-07-09
CN109963805B (en) 2021-02-26
WO2018086989A1 (en) 2018-05-17
US11661314B2 (en) 2023-05-30
US20190276276A1 (en) 2019-09-12
CN109963805A (en) 2019-07-02
EP3538468A1 (en) 2019-09-18
AU2017358502A1 (en) 2019-05-23

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