CN1272230C - Braking type elevator with load being self-locked - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an elevator in a load automatic locking braking type, which comprises a loading steel cable, a safety steel cable, a motor, a control system of frequency and speed adjustment and hanging cradle inclination, a shell body and a steel cable coiling device, wherein the shell body is composed of a shell body, a V-shaped coiling disk in a slot type, a presser in a lever type, a planetary speed reducer, a device limiting and adjusting the lowering speed, and a safety lock in an opening positioning and bidirectional swinging functional type. The present invention is characterized in that the wedge angle of the V-shaped slot is from 10 to 20 DEG, and the enveloping angle of the loading steel rope on the V-shaped coiling disk in a slot type is from 260 to 290 DEG. The presser in a lever type uses two steel boards for clamping a tension wheel and a pressing wheel, the outer side of the pressing wheel is provided with an upper hinging hole corresponding to the shell body, and the shell body and the pressing wheel are hinged. The loading steel cable is introduced into an enveloping V-shaped slot in the tangential directions of the tension wheel and the coiling disk from outside, and is led out of the shell body by the tight compression of the pressing wheel on the end point of the enveloping angle to form loading automatic lock brake which is equal to automatic transition. The braking function of long-time load is reliable, the brake capacity is automatically adjusted, and the presser in a lever type is quantitatively designed with the hinging position of the shell body. The optimization is carried out according to a lever ratio formula of L<k>=H<R>/H<N>=T1*sinalpha/2/mus*R*e<mus*psi>.

Description

Load self-locked brake type elevator

Technical field

The present invention relates in a kind of elevator machinery unlimited stroke class, rotary type, the grooving combined elevator, specifically a kind of Load self-locked brake type elevator.

Background technology

Traditional elevator machinery product, its typical structure pattern serves as to promote power output part with the constant volume reel, realize that according to its steel cable that batches load load promotes operation, its operation stroke is subjected to the restriction of reel capacity, can not realize the lifting operation that superelevation, overlength even stroke do not limit, and volume, weight are big, all are to adopt traditional friction brake, so carrying braking in the time of can not growing is should not be as the mating power device of the manned basket of work in high-altitude of construction trade.As far back as the seventies in 19th century, a kind of linear running has appearred in West Europe, and intermittently, the steel wire rope type hand of pulsating pulls traction machine, it belongs to the mechanism with parallel four connecting rod clamp-types, under the effect of giving pressing spring, the R type groove face of its upper and lower caliper body can the clamping steel cable.When on the steel cable load force being arranged, the steel rope that upper and lower clamp has been held can produce friction force between straight line R arc groove face.Just but the steel cable of clamping load moves or brake load with the caliper parts when friction force balances each other with load force.Hand is pulled the clamping ability of the parallel four link type clamping mechanism of traction machine, and pairing four connecting rod attitudes when rated load are determined by the hinge-point position of the parallel four connecting rod bodies of rod.Satisfy the structure design attitude of rated load and 1.25 times of predelivery test load, easily change because of R groove and the pin of all hinge-point coupling spare pairs and the wearing and tearing in hole, it is big that the four connecting rod inclination gyrations that cause because of wearing and tearing become, and it is just weakened that then volume carries hoisting capacity, can only brake load; Re-use down, just can produce the accident of the load of falling.Still because such steel rope hand traction machine, hand is pulled power big (30～50kg), come and go that to pull one stroke little by (only 35～40mm) and shortcomings such as pulsation lifting, operation, so promote in the engine installation in supporting manned operation the earliest, approximately have only the utilization history in more than 10 year, just from hanging basket is supporting, be eliminated.But this after all product is the unlimited stroke class hand crane tool product that occurs the earliest, and its working mechanism and braking principle all are to be converted to friction force and a kind of linear running formula grooving manifold type gig of realizing by gripping power (pressure).The principle of this parallel four link type clamping mechanism and basic structure pattern still are the infrastructure mode of the safety lock of current driven hanging basket.

The eighties in 19th century, the lifting engine installation of the gig of rotary type grooving manifold type as the manned basket of work in high-altitude appearred in West Europe.Its hoisting capacity and mechanism are to utilize the steel cable envelope of load in V-slot formula reel, the friction force and the load force that rely on the load steel cable to produce on the V-slot interface balance each other, and make rope and reel groove not have slide relative, just as one, can export hoisting work with the rotation of reel.

According to this working mechanism, then two types gig appearred, and spread so far in all over the world, formed the shaping standard product.According to domestic and international hanging basket gig relevant criterion, as Britain BS EN1808:1999 and Chinese architecture ministerial standard JG/T5033-93 etc., all two basic demands of uniform system: 1, gig must be provided with the two-stage drg; 2, hanging basket must be provided with safety lock.From the formulation of this class approved product standard so far; these gigs are still also using; a series of casualty accidents have also taken place simultaneously; this has been first authoritative guide for use books of China " aerial work basket safety method " (Shanghai City labour protection Education Centers; in December, 1998) chapter 10 " accident analysis " is disclosed, has some hanging basket accident cases to take place in various places year every year.Obviously can not think simply that the user violates operation, norms of mainteaance or improper use caused.

The potential safety hazard that the gig of friction braking type exists is summarized as follows:

1. the friction braking element is sudden damages, and causes brake failure hidden danger not avoid fully.2. lock torque is not to act directly on the takeoff output reel, and is provided in a side of on the driver pinion of outputting power of stress complexity, miniature gears easily takes place fracture, and causes brake functionality to bring into play, and caused the load falling accident.3. two disk type gigs easily cause μ because of the carrying steel cable is subjected to polluting _s(coefficient of static friction) is worth a little decline, if Δ μ _s=0.1, promptly cause volume to carry hoisting capacity and descend 80%, can't be compensated, cause the load hypervelocity to fall; 4. monovolume disc type gig adopts too much little pinch roller to exert pressure, and when not meeting the grooving coupling, forms the required cooresponding natural law of friction force of balanced load, has formed excessive accumulation of pressure, causes to quicken to roll over to hinder, and the compression failure steel cable causes rope-broken accident; 5. safety lock is often because of open work, make moist corrosion and clamping stagnation, or building waste obstruction etc., and the akinesia at crucial moment of being everlasting can not stop above-mentioned hypervelocity to descend or the generation of rope-broken accident.

Above-mentioned argument can obtain argument from the structure of existing product:

A, two reel, grooving manifold type gig, the load steel cable will be introduced in the housing above housing along two single groove V-type reels, be introduced into following reel groove envelope, by behind reel above " S " paths intersect envelope, draw housing, its cornerite ψ ≈ 3 π radian again.Housing and hanging basket are hinged.The load of hanging basket directly is delivered to load force on the strut bar of choosing at the top by steel cable and is hinged together; And tail of rope is got final product by the deadweight or the batch up gear equalization of strain of steel cable.And the rope back does not install other pinch devices additional.Steel cable embeds in the V-type wedge groove rope entirely by the effect of load force, and the friction force and the load force that form on the interface balance each other; When reel turned round, hanging basket can upwards climb along the steel cable of slinging, and in fact promptly makes hoisting work; Their second stage drg also is provided in a side of the friction-type drg on the miniature gears axle head of takeoff output level, and has established the handwheel pinch device in addition; The first order drg of this gig then has direct employing disc type electric machine braking, also have adopt orthogonal axes to ingear worm gear, worm screw input method, utilize its reverse latching characteristics, prevent the reversal trend under the load force effect, the then available common electric machine of this pattern drives.But, such gig except the appearance structure size greatly, main shortcoming is, it is not contaminated unavoidably during steel cable uses at the scene, make the wearing and tearing of μ s value decline and rope, groove, all will cause relative slippage between rope and the groove easily, so the accident that load is fallen can more early occur.So, during the supporting hanging basket of such gig, safety lock that must the anti-descending speed hypervelocity type of adapted.

B, monovolume disc type, grooving manifold type gig: because of its cornerite ψ＜2 π, the steel cable of load is along grooving, by " α " shape path envelope grooving, in order to obtain enough big balanced loaded friction force, guarantee zero slip between steel cable and grooving, adopted the method that steel cable rope back is exerted pressure to remedy the weak point that its cornerite is smaller than the cornerite of two reels.The pattern of exerting pressure has two class formations: a class is the uniform some little pinch rollers of full cornerite scope, little pinch roller distributes and is installed on the arc pinch roller plate, the pinch roller plate then is converted into thrust by depression bar with load force, obviously at the fixing pinch roller that distributes on the arc pressing plate during to the grooving convergence, have only above a pinch roller the force value maximum, and the pinch roller on the arc of both sides, all successively gradually with the radial compression applied that reduces steel cable back at corresponding point position.Another kind of then is elastic force by major and minor depression bar and adjustable pressure spring, divides two groups, and to local rope back pressurization on the steel cable cornerite scope, its source pressure is transformed the tension force on the load steel cable in by pressure lever mechanism by 4 pinch rollers.Two kinds of gigs of above-mentioned A, B no matter be to be converted into thrust by load force or tension force, all are to adopt lever principle to be transformed.The magnitude relationship formula of this conversion is simple linear function relation, promptly by proportionate relationship formula (linear function slope formula) institute quantitatively.So-called adjustable spring also is to adjust in advance to there is no automatic compensation function, also is proportionate relationship (linear function slope formula) between its elastic force and the distortion.Above-mentioned two classes stress on the pressuring method on the single-channel type reel, the force value regularity of distribution on the each point that obtains and do not meet the 17th century and rein in " belt principle " basic conception expression formula especially ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="T"\; filenames="C20031010615200312.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_0=\frac{T_1}{e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}}$ Rule.Especially reining in belt principle basic theories is: an end load is T ₁Rope, envelope on the face of cylinder, when no relative slippage, the power T of other end required balance load ₀Value will sharply reduce with the increase of cornerite ψ (seeing Figure 15).The balancing force T that has only the cornerite termination ₀Minimum. ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="T"\; filenames="C20031010615200312.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_0=\frac{T_1}{e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}}$ System is derived by the integration notion by reining in the belt theory especially.It is a curvilinear function expression formula that comprises the exponential term inverse.The contriver has derived load steel cable in the V-slot formula reel according to reining in the belt principle especially, and when ψ＜2 π, one holds the weighing apparatus load force level with both hands $T_{0V}=\frac{T_1\&CenterDot;\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}{e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ Obviously, at identical load power T ₁The time, balanced load T ₁The time, the T of groove is arranged _0VBe less than the T on the face of cylinder of slotless ₀Be T _0V＜T ₀, its variation tendency also is identical.This shows that the effect of the locking angle of V-slot formula reel is, can act on the termination of identical cornerite ψ, on the steel cable interface at pressure point place, can form by thrust N with smaller single-point thrust _VWith perpendicular to left and right two the equilibrium of pressure N on the side _VR, N _VLBalance each other: N _V=N _VR+ N _VL(seeing Figure 16); According to this balanced relationship, can derive pressure gain efficient ${\mathrm{\&eta;}}_V=\frac{1}{\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}\&GreaterEqual;1,$ Also can from $\frac{T_0}{T_{0V}}=\frac{1}{\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}$ Obtain proof: ${\mathrm{\&eta;}}_V=\frac{T_0}{T_{0V}}=\frac{1}{\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}.$ Can illustrate theoretically thus,, only need to execute a N at its cornerite destination county for load steel cable in the V-slot formula reel _VAnd the friction force that produces $T_{0V}=2N_{\mathrm{VL}}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S=2N_{\mathrm{VR}}{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="T"\; filenames="C20031010615200312.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_0=\frac{T_1}{e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ Promptly meet when reining in the belt groundwork especially, can derive: $N_v=\frac{T_1}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}}.$ So far, not only proved added other pinch roller in the ψ angular region, and produce thrust and the friction force at some places of forming, the ability of the balancing load that is added up necessarily substantially exceeds the numerical value of load force, and formation superfluous constraint, except bringing into play necessary lifting load merit, useless power consumption when also having increased the reel revolution, also caused steel cable excessively caused the wearing and tearing of spreading and pinch roller because of pressure, cause the pinch roller edge from swordization, those some little pinch rollers place enclosure interior, and inconvenience is repaiied purely after swordization, and the steel wire on top layer must be cut in its sword limit, cause clamping stagnation, vicious circle to seize up, those some little pinch rollers place internal body, and inconvenience is repaiied bluntly after swordization, finally causes the disconnected rope result that is inevitable.So, wear the wiring method by " α " and compress the gig of the steel cable back of the body with some pinch rollers, also be reluctantly act so it must dispose the safety lock of anti-break rope type can be with hanging basket supporting, reality is a kind of complementary design measure.Can prove that thus by the contradiction of extension product structure and working mechanism, 1. its standard also can only be must adopt the two-stage friction drg; Must dispose safety lock during 2. supporting hanging basket and 2 vital requirements of insurance steel cable retrain product, but, neither one originating firm and normative document, why admit so regulation be by the contradiction between its structure design and the mechanism be can't coordinate to reasonably, meet the objective mechanics rule between the grooving coupling.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to cause the brake functionality forfeiture at brake failure, gear fragmentation that the supporting friction braking type of existing domestic and international aloft work driven hanging basket, grooving manifold type gig exist; The overvoltage steel cable causes disconnected rope; The under-voltage load hypervelocity that causes is fallen, the safety lock fault is malfunctioning, can not control fault and cause casualty accident, the potential safety hazard that the accident case that reached 20 years is growing on and on does not obtain the present situation of effecting a radical cure, and a kind of employing brand new braking principle, quantitative design technology are provided, with rational brief structure, embody the mechanism of load self-locking and braking, operation, with brand new theory and technical guarantee, realize that braking is reliable, the novel load self-locking and braking type gig of drawbacks such as disconnected rope, dropping of load hypervelocity is never glided, can not produce in carrying when long.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A kind of Load self-locked brake type elevator comprises carrying steel cable, insurance steel cable, motor, frequency control and hanging basket roll control system, body (being made of housing, V-slot formula reel, lever compactor, planet wheel decelerator, descending speed restriction and adjuster, opening location and bidirectional swinging action type safety lock) and steel cable batch up gear.

Carrying steel cable and safety rope are hinged on the same load-carrying element with their suspension hooks separately.When vertically hanging state, two steel cables are that housing is introduced on parallel vertical ground: the carrying steel cable enters the tension wheel grooving of compactor outside housing after, because of the existence of tension wheel alters course, enter grooving by tangential direction with V-slot formula reel, beginning envelope reel, behind the envelope through cornerite ψ radian,, draw housing from the below of contact roller at the cornerite termination; The insurance steel cable then passes the hoop of the outer pivoted arm end of the safety lock on being inlaid in housing, leads to the jaw of opening in the safety lock and locating, and draws safety lock.Insurance steel cable and carrying steel cable (slack list) are all double plate, permanent tension force electrodynamic type steel cable reel is collected and reeled.

The frequency control motor axle passes housing and links to each other with the sun wheel of planetary reduction gear; The moving gear ring of planetary reduction gear links to each other with V-slot formula reel; Suit descending speed killer and adjuster etc. on the sun wheel axle head, and safety lock is inlaid on the housing.

Housing is provided with suspension hook or revokes and load (hanging basket) is hinged.

Its electrical equipment control is that a part is located in the electrical equipment box of housing, is provided with torch gate control interface, power supply and other control interface.Lead to electric cabinet with cable, accept electric signal such as inclination sensor and other limit switch by the central process unit interface respectively, horizontal automatic compensation control and other electricity security protection and caution and breakdown signal demonstration etc. when implementing automatic guidance and supporting hanging basket.Realize protections automatically such as the operation of operation automatic guidance, overload, under-voltage, misphase, electric leakage, excess current.

It is characterized in that:

1. carry the steel cable envelope on the V-slot reel, the angle of wedge scope of V-shaped groove is 10～20 °;

2. carrying the envelope angle of steel cable on V-slot formula reel is 260～290 °;

3. enter tension wheel of side installation of V-slot formula reel in the housing at the carrying steel cable.Enter V-slot formula reel at the carrying steel cable, envelope ψ cornerite is equipped with a contact roller at destination county (opposite side).A twine guide plate is installed between tension wheel and the contact roller, and the compactor clamping plate that the three is made up of two block plates clamp in aggregates.Hinged by hinge pin, formed load self-locking and braking operation coupling spare of the present invention near the fraising on fraising and the housing is arranged on the plate of contact roller one end.Its hinge the core wheel line line of tension wheel and contact roller and cross that V-slot formula reel center is done and contact roller axial line line parallel lines between; Position of articulating point determines that quantitatively rule is by lever ratio L _KDetermine. $L_K=\frac{H_R}{H_N}=\frac{T_1\&CenterDot;\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ T in the formula ₁The use lifting load of expression gig, α represents the angle of wedge number of degrees of V-slot, μ _SThe expression steel cable is to the coefficient of static friction of V-slot, R represents the making a concerted effort of tension force of lifting load power and tension wheel and reel tangential direction, with tension wheel and contact roller line of centers (lever) on projection value, ψ represents to carry the cornerite radian value of steel cable in V-slot formula reel, be on the contact roller compacted position to the radian value at the envelope angle between tension wheel and the position, reel tangent line point of contact, e represents the truth of a matter of Napier's logarithm.

Planetary reduction gear of the present invention comprises sun wheel, a pair of shared satellite gear, planetary wheel carrier, decides gear ring and moving gear ring.Sun wheel links to each other with motor shaft with flat tenon with motor shaft, and sun wheel is meshed with satellite gear, and half facewidth of satellite gear is meshed with fixed gear; Second half facewidth is meshed with moving tooth, and moving gear ring drives reel and rotates.The modulus value of all gears is identical, and the number of teeth is an even number entirely, decides the number of teeth of gear ring and the number of teeth of moving gear ring and differs 2 numbers of teeth.

On the axle that descending speed killer of the present invention comprises parts that overriding clutch, bearing, flange, friction lining constitute, be sleeved on sun wheel; The two sides, outer ring of friction lining, by two pressure plate clampings, one side engages with ground plane, another side is offseted by spring perch, spring and the cock nut that is installed on the shell, the cock nut can be adjusted the height of spring, can adjust the friction moment on the friction lining two sides, obtains sun wheel shaft, only when dropping of load on the rotation direction, because of the effect that load gravity quicken to descend, be restricted and adjust the decline running velocity; Promote inoperative to load.Suitable adjustment can obtain ascending, descending running velocity unanimity.Must be pointed out that the used friction lining of descending speed killer is not to brake as load.Even the descending speed killer has been cancelled, also only be that " the absolute load self-locking and braking " state that has prolonged the construction of descending system dynamic pressure bearing up pulley is realized.This is the essential distinction of the braking mechanism of the present invention and friction braking type gig.

Plug screw in the cock nut is used for adjusting sun wheel axial movement space and closed inner chamber; Screw off plug screw, can insert hand crank, rotate sun wheel, make the usefulness that has a power failure and keep in repair gig.

Safety lock of the present invention is two-way function, integral type movement; Peripheral hardware bidirectional swinging effect rocking arm, with rocker-arm link, rocker arm pin, hinged rocker shaft drives built-in radius stay, realizes the swing of radius stay and synchronous rocker; By its upper left-hand equalization of strain spring and set screw thereof, adjust its thrust and balance each other with the tension force that carries on the steel cable; Set rocking arm and radius stay and handle center position; The following left side of radius stay is provided with locating wheel fork and location crop rotation when tangentially contacting, and jaw opens, and locating wheel just in time snaps in the concave arc position of the last clamp connecting rod afterbody of clamping system, jaw is given establish aperture to stablize constant.And jaw opens the upper end that locating wheel is mounted in rocking bar, by the retainer spring sliding seat on it and retainer spring, retainer spring set screw, the elastic force that gives accent is stabilized conditions supporting, formation four-bar stress balance mechanism by the closing spring seat on the boxed rod, jaw closing spring and with base plate and cover plate; When carrying steel cable when disrumpent feelings, or when tilting because of hanging basket, formation is towards α ₁(right side) swing, then the locating wheel fork of radius stay lower-left side can promote jaw and opens locating wheel, so the clamp connecting rod upwards rotates under the effect of closing spring power, causes upper and lower jaws close clamping and clamps the insurance steel cable; And jaw is when opening locating wheel and being open, because the effect of spring thrust will be climbed up dome arc position along concave arc; The rocking bar bottom can not hinder the swing of rocking bar because of being provided with the dead slot circular arc of idle running effect.Equally, if clamp is closed when not penetrating steel cable, then also can be with rocking arm to α ₁When (right side) is rocked to the limiting angle displacement, the opening of pressure pinch roller is arranged on the right-hand horizon bar on the radius stay, can press to boxed rod and rotate; Scratch on its afterbody dome arc simultaneously, jaw opens locating wheel and offsets with concave arc again, makes jaw open and locate, and this moment can wire rope handling.When hanging basket tilted, rocking arm was to α ₂In (left side) when swing, the connecting rod pin under the radius stay on the afterbody will drive rocking bar and do swing in the same way, and equally, jaw opens locating wheel also will climb up dome arc position along concave arc and form upper and lower jaws close, and clamping also clamps steel cable.If removal clamping action at this moment must make rocking arm manually be pushed into α ₁Can open jaw during the limiting angle position.Safety lock of the present invention is not established out pincers in addition and is executed the auxilliary mechanisms that add such as commentaries on classics; α wherein ₁, α ₂Be respectively the limiting angle that swings of rocking arm.

It is that jaw opens the stable region for its limiting angle position one half that safety lock of the present invention is set rocking arm pivot angle position, to the i.e. clamping at once in time side, limiting angle position, clamps safety rope; When hanging basket tilts,, can detect the carrying out horizontal automatic compensation by inclination sensor in center position to two/limit inclination angle district.Malfunctioning when the inclination sensor checking system, during fault, still can when reaching position, limit inclination angle, realize clamping, clamp safety rope.

Safety lock of the present invention belongs to anti-break rope type and anti-apsacline safety lock, also can play the safety effect (when decline hanging basket run into obstacle, also can play a protective role) of anti-carrying rope when loose.Shang Yin the invention belongs to load self-locking and braking type gig, does not exist the wearing and tearing of load steel cable and grooving to cause the condition of steel cable slippage from V-slot, twitch, so do not need to adopt the design measure of anti-descending speed hypervelocity.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, utilize the load self-locking and braking following advantage to be arranged than traditional friction braking mode:

A, employing lever compactor are realized the load self-locking and braking, are based upon under formation " absolute self-locking and braking " state, and quantitative design can adopt lighter thrust to form absolute self-locking, as long as the rope type is selected appropriately can obtain higher service life.

The conversion of B, braking and operation is carried out energising by electrical equipment fully and is realized not having other hardware to transmit change action with power down function, can not destroy translation function because of the damage of hardware.Even apparatus failure causes stoppage in transit, braking can not glided yet when long.

The self-locking and braking ability that C, lever tensioner form can be adjusted braking potential automatically by the load size, it is the product of quantitative design, is to have embodied the mechanics nature objective law of rope and V-slot from theory all to being calculated to structure, there is not unnecessary constraint, so can not roll over wound, cut-out steel cable.

D, can not the invar rope and the pollution of V-slot wearing and tearing or steel cable cause the decline of coefficient of static friction μ s value, and reduce the braking potential of its rated load, can only reduce its volume and carry hoisting capacity.

E, contact roller place on the lever compactor, are not at the housing inner chamber, find that easily contact roller has produced the sword limit because of wearing and tearing, can repair blunt maintenance in time, easily, can prolong steel cable service life.

The effect of F, braking occurs on the compacting part of contact roller of steel cable and V-slot, directly occurs on the power output element steel cable, and steel cable is the load running element, also is the medium of braking effect, can not have the hidden danger of sudden damage as friction lining.

When G, steel cable wear and tear continuous many places fracture of wire because of the top layer, must more renew rope, therefore can not be used to and disconnected rope take place constantly.Although experiment showed, anti-break rope type safety lock supporting, come down to cut off for the hinge pin that prevents the lever compactor, the carrying rope of initiation is lax, and the accident that can prevent equally takes place.The setting of safety lock is in order to satisfy the needs of social public security interest statute, rather than disconnected rope really can take place.The reason of the supporting safety lock of gig of this and friction braking type is different.The setting of safety lock is just in order to prevent that contingency from rope-broken accident taking place, and satisfies the requirement of public safety rules.

H, load self-locking and braking have only required housing, V-slot reel, lever compactor, carrying steel cable four elements to exist can realize not having other also not influence its function as motor, retarder etc.Favourable field stripping, maintenance and replacing miscellaneous part.

I, be equipped with the descending speed killer that aviation engine clutch bear constitutes and be sleeved on the sun wheel shaft, mainly be weaken, in the balanced load decline process because of gravity quickens the potential energy that forms, the principle that is converted into friction power loss is implemented, and is inoperative when promoting operation.Can be adjusted to ascending, descending running velocity unanimity.Even do not assemble the descending speed killer, only can prolong one section stopping distance because of the effect that gravity quickens, finally because of the power consumption of machinery driving efficiency and gravity acceleration potential energy balance each other (counteracting) also will enter load self-locking and braking state.

The coupling spare of J, load self-locking and braking---the lever compactor is simple in structure, and shop characteristic and structure design are good, installation is reasonable, are convenient to safeguard.

2, the planetary reduction gear structure design is simple, load-carrying capacity is high, volume is little, in light weight, be provided with hand crank, manual imput power, solve have a power failure, the need of maintenance.

3, safety lock is installed in the osed top housing, can because of building waste stop up not malfunctioning, can resist drench with rain, clamping stagnation that corrosion causes; The jaw location can not produce misoperation and the hanging basket of a little inclination and stop transport.

4, be provided with automatic leveling robot control system(RCS) of horizontal tilt and frequency control, but idle running move fast, do not shut down in the operational process and carry out stepless change adjustment, favourable increasing work efficiency.

5, its forced stroke is any, and the steel cable of overlength and safety rope can be by permanent tension force, and electronic batch up gear volume is automatically put.

6, more reliable than the mine hoist safety of the swinging grooving coupling that has all kinds of friction braking types now, be driven hanging basket safety, novel, replacement mating power device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the contour structures scheme drawing (A type, cantilever support V-slot disk type) of Load self-locked brake type elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the another kind of contour structures scheme drawing (Type B, 2 supporting V-slot disk types) of Load self-locked brake type elevator of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 Load self-locked brake type elevator drive mechanism of the present invention scheme drawing (corresponding) with Fig. 1 structure.

The another kind of drive mechanism scheme drawing (corresponding) of Fig. 6 Load self-locked brake type elevator of the present invention with Fig. 3 structure.

Fig. 7 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is V-slot reel of the present invention and carrying steel cable and contact roller connection structure scheme drawing (the E-E cutaway view of Fig. 8).

Figure 10 is anti-break rope, the apsacline safety lock structure scheme drawing of invention.

Figure 11 is the C-C cutaway view of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is the D-D cutaway view of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the electric control theory block diagram of automatic leveling of Photoelectric Detection of the present invention (hanging basket) and frequency control operation.

Figure 14 is a lever self coupling load self-locking and braking operation working mechanism scheme drawing of the present invention.

Balancing force T when Figure 15 is the ψ that reins in the belt principle especially of the present invention＜2 π ₀Shrink the spiral scheme drawing.

Figure 16 is the V-slot enhancement effect schematic diagram that the present invention finds.

Figure 17 is the force-bearing situation scheme drawing of carrying steel cable in V-slot.

The specific embodiment

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Load self-locked brake type elevator is a single-channel type, V-slot formula reel and the envelope load steel cable in V-type wedge groove, from the lever compactor that is hinged with housing, effect with its tension wheel, the force action that load force and the tension force that produces because of tension wheel changed course are formed is on lever, form the moment of gyration of making a concerted effort, under the effect of this moment, thereby obtain at envelope angle ψ destination county, the thrust N of the contact roller on the lever compactor is the core wheel line by contact roller and V-slot reel, this impaction state is referred to as " absolute self-locking state (seeing Figure 14; 17) ", and the quantitative thrust of contact roller realizes the load self-locking and braking; When driving reel, the tangential driving rotational power of generation on compacted steel cable and the contact interface on the V-slot in groove This power

The pressure N that produces with contact roller produces the T that makes a concerted effort of release again, should make a concerted effort $\stackrel{-}{T}={\stackrel{-}{T}}_j+\stackrel{-}{N},$ No longer, just can form the hoisting force T of lifting load by V-slot reel core wheel ₁When driving stops, tangential turning force

Disappear, the pressure N of remaining contact roller only returns extensively to load self-locking and braking state again, can realize that carrying is not glided when long, has the effect that the reliable and braking force of braking can be adjusted automatically with the load size; Its braking The full automaticity that converts of operation is realized, is controlled by the working current switching switch of motor entirely.Here steel rope is the carrying operating element, also is the medium that braking function is achieved.Do not have the steady multiterminal of suffering from of traditional, safety therebetween, the friction material of braking usefulness and other braking rod members participate in, and can not produce the damage of braking element, Transmission and bring out accident.

Promote the performance mechanism of power, still be subordinated to and obtained on the ψ scope of load envelope angle, the friction force sum that forms with integration quantitative form accumulative total.According to the belt principle of one of the 17th century tribology founder You Le (Leonhard Euler1643-1727), the contriver can prove, for load T ₁Belt envelope cylindrical sliding support body the time, if when belt does not produce relative slippage with cylinder, then the other end can with load T ₁The T that balances each other ₀Power has following quantitative relationship: $T_0=\frac{T_1}{e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}};$ By this formula T as can be seen ₀＜T ₁, the balancing force T the when contriver is listed in ψ＜2 π radians ₀Shrink spiral scheme drawing (Figure 15), promptly from cornerite ψ starting point, towards terminal point (ψ place) direction, the balance T at its each cornerite place ₀Peak value shrink by a helix line mode, at ψ angle destination county, T ₀Value is minimum.Meaning promptly as long as locate at the ψ angle, can form a T at that point ₀Value can the cooresponding load T of balance ₁, be about to T ₁Implement braking.Based on this physics, mathematics quantitative relation formula, it is contemplated that with one and hang on the structure of rigid body of this cylinder (dish type cylinder), the place sets the little contact roller that can regulate thrust at the ψ angle, and bestowing certain thrust N can be with load T ₁Braking, and needn't add other pinch roller in the ψ angular region again is if press roll again must be unnecessary constraint.Theory of the present invention that Here it is is led thinking footpath, thus also be with respect in the lift system of present friction braking formula gig with " α " type wiring method, adopt the theory and the structural difference of the sort of structural pattern of some pinch rollers; Obviously, theoretical basis of the present invention is consistent with the objective mechanics regularity of distribution.The present invention leads think of according to this theory, has created lever compactor that has only 1 tension wheel and 1 contact roller formation and the pattern that housing is hinged, can be according to T ₀With steel cable to the coefficient of static friction μ on the interface _SValue, reasoning draws, and must obtain a thrust N value and be converted to T on this contact roller ₀Value can balanced load T ₁, promptly $N=\frac{T_0}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S}=\frac{T_1}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ This formula is in the basic theories of reining in the load self-locking and braking that has solved cylinder shape reel on the belt principle basis especially.Perhaps people can ask in reply, only on a point, the thrust N that produces with a contact roller can or can not flatten steel cable, causes expendable permanent deformation, moving repeatedly in the spreading, have or not practical economic value? this doubt is not unreasonable.If with cylinder formula reel,, also has no Practical significance even adopted square bilateral trough rim to stablize the serving guiding.The contriver finds that a V-slot must be set on the reel, and its V-slot locking angle value is very important, has the pressure gain effect.Its pressure gain efficient ${\mathrm{\&eta;}}_V=\frac{1}{\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}$ (seeing steel cable force-bearing situation scheme drawing in the V-slot shown in Figure 16).Obviously, when α=180 °, η _V=1, promptly formed the cylinder reel.Because η _V〉=1, proper if the α value is selected, can significantly reduce its by $N=\frac{T_1}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}}$ The force value that calculates is in order to distinguish the spool structure that the V-type locking angle is arranged, required balanced load power T ₁T ₀, can be the in addition subscript difference of relevant basic mechanical index, if any the balanced load power T of α wedge groove ₁T ₀Note is made T _0V, thrust note makes N _V, can carry out the quantification of reasoning and calculate.The load steel cable is at thrust N _VEffect down will be by two lateral reaction N in the V-slot of point of action _VLAnd N _VRBalance; N _V=N _VR+ N _VL

The present invention proposes:

1. the locking angle scope of V-slot is 10～20 °; Its optimum valuing range is 15～18 °;

2. carrying the cornerite ψ of steel cable on V-slot formula reel 1 is between 260～290 °, and its best is assorted to be between 270～280 °.

3. the lever compactor is dressed up an integral body by the compactor clamping plate 2 that two block plates are made with the three by 1 tension wheel 3 and 1 contact roller 4 and 1 twine guide plate 5.In that to wear connection near the fraising of an end of contact roller and the fraising K on the housing by hinge pin hinged.Its twisted point is positioned at the core wheel of tension wheel and the core wheel line of contact roller

Reached that V-slot formula reel center done with

Between the parallel parallel lines of line; The quantitatively definite rule in the position of hinge is pressed lever ratio: $L_K=\frac{H_R}{H_N}=\frac{T_1\&CenterDot;\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ T in the formula ₁The use lifting load of expression gig, α represents the angle of wedge number of degrees of V-slot, μ _SThe expression steel cable is to the coefficient of static friction of V-slot, R represent lifting load power and tension wheel and reel tangential direction tension force make a concerted effort with tension wheel and contact roller line of centers on projection value, ψ represents to carry the cornerite radian value of steel cable in V-slot formula reel, be on the contact roller compacted position to the radian value at the envelope angle between tension wheel and the position, reel tangent line point of contact, e represents natural number.

Load self-locked brake type elevator of the present invention whether by the V-slot reel center of circle, can be divided into two kinds of structural shapes according to the load on the carrying steel cable 522, and Fig. 1 is the load T on the carrying steel cable 522 ₁Appearance structure scheme drawing (A type) by the V-slot reel center of circle is used for hoisting capacity smaller or equal to 200kg level product; Fig. 5 is its drive mechanism scheme drawing, Fig. 7 be the A-A of Fig. 5 to cutaway view, also be its lever compactor structural representation, Fig. 3 is the load T on the carrying steel cable 522 ₁The appearance structure scheme drawing (Type B) by the V-slot reel center of circle, Fig. 6 is not its drive mechanism scheme drawing, Fig. 8 be the B-B of Fig. 6 to cutaway view, also be its lever compactor structural representation.Below with Fig. 1, Fig. 5, structure (A type product) shown in Figure 7 be example the invention will be further described, the principle of work of the gig of Fig. 3, Fig. 6, structure shown in Figure 8 (Type B product) and Fig. 1, Fig. 5, structure shown in Figure 7 is identical.

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing 1,4,5,7 and Figure 11.

Load steel cable 522 is provided with on the member of end of suspension hook 705 and bearing load behind the hinge eyes prolong knot, its tail of rope is entered housing outside housing 525, the groove guiding is introduced on tension wheel 517, tangentially pierce into V-slot formula reel 514, behind envelope ψ angle, contact roller 515 times, extract out along its groove, draw housing 525 through conduit 704 or guide wheel, will together lead to the steel cable reel, can realize automatic volume, put (seeing Fig. 4,7) with insurance steel cable 301.

Carrying steel cable 522 and insurance steel cable 301 are hinged on the same load-carrying element with their suspension hooks 705 separately.When vertically hanging state, two steel cables are that housing 525 is introduced on parallel vertical ground: carrying steel cable 522 enters tension wheel 517 groovings of lever compactor outside housing 525 after, because of the existence of tension wheel 517 alters course, enter grooving by tangential direction with V-slot reel 514, beginning envelope V-slot reel 514, behind the envelope through cornerite ψ radian, at the cornerite termination, contact roller 515 is drawn housing 525 from the lever compactor; Insurance steel cable 301 (seeing Fig. 4,11) then passes the hoop 1029 of rocking arm 1030 ends of the safety lock on being inlaid in housing 525, leads to the jaw of opening in the safety lock and locating, and draws safety lock.Insurance steel cable 301 and carrying steel cable 522 (slack list) are all double plate, permanent tension force electrodynamic type steel cable reel is collected and reeled.

The output shaft of frequency control motor 523 passes housing 525 and links to each other with the sun wheel 504 of planetary reduction gear; The moving gear ring 501 of planetary reduction gear links to each other with V-slot formula reel 514; Suit descending speed killer and adjuster etc. on sun wheel 501 axle heads.

Housing 525 is provided with hook 706 or revokes 801 and is hinged with load (hanging basket).

An electrical equipment control part is located in the electrical equipment box of housing 525; be provided with control interface, power supply and other control interface of torch door 101; lead to electric cabinet with cable; accept electric signal (seeing Figure 13) such as inclination sensor and other limit switch respectively by the central process unit interface, horizontal automatic compensation control and other electricity security protection and caution and breakdown signal demonstration etc. when implementing automatic guidance and supporting hanging basket.Realize protections automatically such as the operation of operation automatic guidance, overload, under-voltage, misphase, electric leakage, excess current.

It is characterized in that:

1. carry steel cable 522 envelopes on V-slot reel 514, the scope of the locking angle of V-shaped groove is 10～20 °, and its optimum range is 15～18 ° (seeing Fig. 7,8,9);

2. carrying the envelope angle ψ of steel cable 522 on V-slot formula reel 514 is 260～290 °, its

Optimum range is 270～280 ° (seeing Fig. 7, Fig. 8);

3. enter tension wheel 517 of side installation of V-slot formula reel 514 in the housing 525 at carrying steel cable 522, enter V-slot formula reel 514, behind the envelope ψ cornerite, a contact roller 515 is installed at destination county (opposite side) at carrying steel cable 522.A twine guide plate 702 is installed between tension wheel 517 and the contact roller 515, and the compactor clamping plate 516 that the three is made up of two block plates clamp in aggregates.Hinged by hinge pin 701, formed load self-locking and braking operation coupling spare of the present invention near the fraising on fraising and the housing is arranged on the plate of contact roller 515 1 ends.The center hinge K of its hinge pin 701 the core wheel line line of tension wheel 517 and contact roller 515 and cross that V-slot formula reel 514 centers are done and contact roller 515 axial line line parallel liness between; The position of hinge K determines that quantitatively rule is by lever ratio L _KDetermine (seeing Fig. 7,8), $L_K=\frac{H_R}{H_N}=\frac{T_1\&CenterDot;\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ T in the formula ₁The use lifting load of expression gig, α represents the angle of wedge number of degrees of V-slot, μ _SThe expression steel cable is to the coefficient of static friction of V-slot, and R represents lifting load T ₁And the making a concerted effort of the tension force P of tension wheel 517 and V-slot reel 514 tangential directions, with tension wheel 517 and contact roller 515 line of centerss (lever) on projection value, ψ represents to carry the cornerite radian value of steel cable 522 in V-slot reel 514, be on contact roller 515 compacted position to the radian value at the envelope angle between tension wheel 517 and the position, V-slot reel 514 tangent line point of contact, e represents natural number.

Planetary reduction gear of the present invention (seeing Fig. 5,6) comprises sun wheel 504, a pair of shared satellite gear 503, planetary wheel carrier 524, decides gear ring 502 and moving gear ring 501.Sun wheel 504 links to each other with flat tenon with the output shaft of motor 523, and sun wheel 504 is meshed with satellite gear 503, half facewidth of satellite gear 503 with decide gear ring 502 and be meshed; Second half facewidth is meshed with moving gear ring 501, and moving gear ring 501 drives V-slot formula reel 514 and rotates.The modulus value of all gears is identical, and the number of teeth is an even number entirely, decides the number of teeth of gear ring 502 and the number of teeth of moving gear ring 501 and differs 2 numbers of teeth.

Planetary reduction gear of the present invention can be divided into two kinds of forms according to the connection mode of coupled V-slot formula reel 514, respectively as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the structural representation of the planetary reduction gear the when structural representation of the planetary reduction gear when Fig. 5 is V-slot formula reel employing cantilever support formula, Fig. 6 are 2 freely-supporteds supports of V-slot formula reel employing.

One end of the axle drive shaft of the sun wheel 504 of planetary reduction gear of the present invention is linked to each other by the output shaft of flat tenon with motor 523, the other end is with the descending speed killer that is made of aviation engine clutch bear 506, and peripheral hardware hand crank 526 can be made the usefulness of power failure or maintenance manual drives.Its moving gear ring 501 can be made the one (see figure 5) with V-slot reel 514, and the (see figure 6) that also can link to each other with double base spline rear support 519 is linked to each other with splined hole on the V-slot reel 514 by castellated shaft 518, and output is used as power.Satellite gear 503 parts of the planetary reduction gear of present embodiment adopt particular design, be installed on the floating type planetary wheel carrier 524 by a pair of satellite gear 503, be prime and the shared satellite gear of final stage, poor by the number of teeth of fixed, moving gear ring, realize the bigger deceleration transmission of speed ratio, increase output torque; Another characteristics are that whole gear numbers of teeth are even number, and modulus is identical; The number of teeth difference of fixed, moving gear ring is two numbers of teeth.

Descending speed killer of the present invention comprises aviation engine clutch bear 506, and the parts that flange 527, friction lining 505 constitute are sleeved on the axle of sun wheel 504; The two sides, outer ring of friction lining 505, by two pressure plate 513 clampings, one side and housing 525 plane engagement, another side is offseted with the cock nut 510 that is installed on the housing 525 by spring perch 512, spring 511, cock nut 510 can be adjusted the height of spring 511, can adjust the friction moment on friction lining 505 two sides, obtain 504 of sun wheels only when dropping of load on the rotation direction, because of the effect that load gravity quickens to descend, be restricted and adjust the decline running velocity; Promote inoperative to load.Suitable adjustment can obtain ascending, descending running velocity unanimity.Must be pointed out that the used friction lining 505 of descending speed killer is not to brake as load.Even the descending speed killer has been cancelled, also only be the distance that has prolonged the braking that descends; Because of its lifting or decline load running under braking braking function, realized by " absolute load self-locking and braking " state that the contact roller 515 of lever pinch device is built.This is the essential distinction of the braking mechanism of the present invention and friction braking type gig.

Cock 508 in the cock nut 510 is used for adjusting sun wheel 504 axial movement spaces and closed inner chamber; Screw off cock 508, can insert hand crank 526, rotate sun wheel 504, make the usefulness that has a power failure and keep in repair gig.Cock nut 510 be externally connected to locknut 507, be connected with cock locknut 509 in the cock 508.

Safety lock of the present invention is installed on the housing 525 in the bont; All parts of safety lock all embed in the housing lock chamber, as Figure 10, Figure 11, shown in Figure 12.It is spacing by the step axle journal of 2 splint core axis 1001, the boss location on the housing lock chamber, and is after the screw rod of splint core axis 1001 passes housing lock chamber, fastening with spring washer, nut; Its cover plate 1026 peripheries are with tightening screw, spring washer and housing 525 location.

The input of disconnected rope (or limit inclination) signal is by the tension force that is set on the hoop 1029 acquisition carrying steel cables 522 on the carrying steel cable 522, affact on the rocking arm 1030; rocking arm 1030 initial position settings are on center position; rocking arm 1030 is a fulcrum with rocker shaft 1024 (semiaxis), limiting angle position (α can rock from side to side ₁, α ₂), hinged by the rocker arm pin on it 1032 and 2 rocker-arm links 1031 with the step axle of rocker 1028 outer ends; Rocker 1028 passes housing lock chamber, the step axle of the other end then with movement in radius stay 1033 hinges hinged, radius stay 1033 above splint core axis 1001 are fulcrum, constitute external parallel four connecting rod fork systems.By equalization of strain spring 1002 effect thrusts, with set screw 1003, adjust its elastic force, the external parallel four-bar linkage interlock by above-mentioned balances each other with the tension force that carries on the steel cable 522.Because of disconnected rope or when reaching limit tilt signals and taking place, swinging on the rocking arm that causes maybe ought lose tension force and do the time spent, all can cause radius stay 1033 homophase, etc. the angular oscillatory motion.

Grasping system is by biplate, two groups of clamp connecting rods 1019 and upper and lower clamp 1018,1017, with splint core axis 1001 spacings, location and the carrying on 2 supporting hinges; On the upper and lower clamp separately 2 clamp mandrels 1016 totally 4 mandrels be hinged, clamp mandrel 1016 lines on two clamps are parallel and equal the distance of 2 splint core axis 1001 lines, constitute parallel four link type pincer system.

The supporting-point of jaw closing spring 1014 provides by wearing the closing spring seat axle 1015 that is sandwiched on base plate 1023 and the cover plate 1026, spring core rod 1021 bottoms " Λ " shape seat, be stuck on the closing spring seat axle 1015, central authorities' spring servo axis 1022 with holes is passed on top (end), this two ends step axle is hinged in clamp connecting rod 1019 corresponding apertures, produces the closed thrust of jaw.

Jaw opens the location, is in center position and maintenance by radius stay 1033; Positioning function goes up clamp connecting rod 1019 afterbody concave arcs and dome and jaw by 2 and opens locating wheel 1004 effects, and jaw opens locating wheel 1004 and is through on the rocking bar 1011 with 1005 pairs of locating wheel mandrels by 3 sections identical cylinders.Owing on the rocking bar 1011 retainer spring sliding seat 1006 is housed, accept the elastic force of retainer spring 1008, can obtain the adjustment elastic force of retainer spring set screw 1007.Under the elastic force effect, when 2 jaws in the outside open locating wheel 1004 and offset with above-mentioned concave arc, will with jaw closing spring 1014 Spring balanceds, keep the open aperture of jaw constant.

The interlock effect of radius stay 1033 is set up by it: the pressure opening pinch roller 1020 that the pole of (1) upper level attitude going up installed; (2) relatively the locating wheel shift fork 1009 of below when jaw opens, tangent with one section locating wheel of above-mentioned middle part; (3) vertically the connecting rod pin 1013 on the bottom rocking bar 1011 acts on long arc shape cotter way hole, rocking bar 1011 bottom with connecting rod 1012 and connecting rod pin 1013; When jaw opened, connecting rod pin 1013 was on the limiting angle position, right side of arc cotter way.When the disconnected rope of external rocking arm 1030 acquisitions or to α ₁During the direction swing, locating wheel shift fork 1009 is under equalization of strain spring 1002 thrust, overcome the pressure of the retainer spring 1008 on the rocking bar 1011, make two sections jaws open locating wheel 1004 gradually along the concave arc section dome section that crawls toward, and cross its highest dome, this moment, closed jaw under the thrust of jaw closing spring 1014 was realized clamping insurance steel cable 301.Give because of the idle running of long arc shape groove and to establish, can not hinder the servo-actuated operation of connecting rod 1012 and connecting rod pin 1013; If there is not wire rope handling in the grip finger, jaw will be closed to minimum, and when upper and lower clamp contacted, last clamp connecting rod 1019 just in time contacted with forcing opening pinch roller 1020, and radius stay 1033 is in center position; Towards α ₁When the direction hand is pulled rocking arm 1030, realize forcing to open jaw and location; Turn back to center position again, can penetrate insurance steel cable 301 to jaw, after upgrading hanging basket, hoop 1029 obtains tension force will keep rocking arm 1030 and the interior radius stay 1033 of the movement center position that exists together; When rocking arm 1030 to α ₂When direction is shaken, radius stay 1033 bottoms will drive rocking bar 1011 by connecting rod pin 1013 and do swing in the same way, make rocking bar 1011 upper jaw open locating wheel 1009 and will leave concave arc, and cross the highest dome, realize the jaw closure equally.Because the transition and linkage effect of concave arc and dome can obtain and set α ₁/ 2 or α ₂Be immunity region during/2 corners, it is constant to keep span of jaw; Realize the quick make holding action during to the limiting angle position.When rocking arm 1030 shakes to α ₁/ 2 or α ₂/ 2 o'clock, the inclination sensor on the hanging basket column should be passed to central process unit with detected angular displacement signal, began to adjust hanging basket one end frequency control motor, adjusted rotating speed, realized the adjustment of hanging basket levelness automatically.

Safety lock of the present invention is anti-break rope and anti-apsacline safety lock.It is that the angular displacement that shakes that relies on rocking arm 1030 operates in essence.In fact to experiencing its variable disconnected loose (comprising 701 cut-outs of lever compactor hinge pin, hinge (K point) position housing break accident) of restricting, carrying steel cable 522 and moving.Set upper and lower insurance steel cable guide pin bushing 1027 has anti-building waste sedimentation, and it is moving with the clamp wiping to prevent to insure steel cable 301 simultaneously, and the unnecessary wearing and tearing and the misoperation that cause.Clamp opening positioning function can be eliminated the repeat stress of spring, has improved service life.

Automatic leveling of Photoelectric Detection (inclination sensor) and frequency changing regulating speed control apparatus are mounted in the special-purpose assorted spare part on the hanging basket column.Can carry out the automatic detection of hanging basket degree of dip,, adjust in good time by central process unit modulation, variable-frequency motor rotating speed, keep hanging basket be in the favourable operation of almost horizontal state steadily, safety, its control principle block diagram as shown in figure 13,1D, 2D represent motor among the figure, 1 ^#B, 2 ^#B represents frequency converter, with 1 ^#B is base value operation unit, with 2 ^#B is for following the tracks of adjustment unit.

Central process unit can be accepted modulation, multichannel automatic guidance, performance quality and the attraction that can improve hanging basket.

Housing 525 of the present invention is hinged with load (hanging basket) by revoking 706.

Load self-locked brake type elevator of the present invention has " lifting, traction, tensioning " three big functions.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of Load self-locked brake type elevator, comprise carrying steel cable, insurance steel cable, motor, electric-control system and bont, bont comprises V-slot formula reel, lever compactor, planetary reduction gear, descending speed killer, descending speed Adjustment System, the safety lock in housing and the housing, the carrying steel cable penetrates the lever compactor that is positioned at casing from the casing outside, after walking around tension wheel and entering the gig housing, be wound on the V-slot formula reel, along the V-slot looping, the contact roller place passes housing on the lever compactor; Lever compactor and casing are hinged, and the sun wheel shaft that the motor input shaft passes in housing and the planetary reduction gear is joined, and are linked to each other with V-slot formula reel by the moving gear ring of common row star-wheel and final stage, and the descending speed killer is sleeved on the sun wheel other end axle; Safety lock is inlaid on the housing, is set on the carrying steel cable by the hoop on its rocking arm, and the insurance steel cable passes the jaw of safety lock; Load links to each other by revoking with housing, and carrying steel cable and insurance steel cable are hinged on the same carrying structure rod member by hook separately, it is characterized in that:

A, carrying steel cable envelope are on the V-slot reel, and the angle of wedge scope of V-shaped groove is 10～20 °;

B, the envelope angle of carrying steel cable on V-slot formula reel are 260～290 °;

C, lever compactor comprise 1 tension wheel, 1 contact roller and the twine guide plate between tension wheel and contact roller, tension wheel, contact roller, twine guide plate are installed in the compactor clamping plate of being made by two block plates, clamp in aggregatesly, and link to each other with housing by being passed near the hinge pin in the fraising on the fraising of an end of contact roller and the housing; The hinge-point of hinge pin is at the core wheel line of tension wheel and contact roller and cross between the parallel lines of being done at V-slot reel center parallel with the core wheel line of tension wheel and contact roller.

2, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 1 is characterized in that the position of hinge-point quantitatively should satisfy the requirement of following formula: $L_K=\frac{H_R}{H_N}=\frac{T_1\&CenterDot;\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&alpha;}}{2}}{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;R\&CenterDot;e^{{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_S\&CenterDot;\mathrm{\&psi;}}},$ H in the formula _RExpression contact roller and tension wheel line of centers are to the vertical distance of hinge-point, H _NExpression contact roller and V-slot reel line of centers are to the vertical distance of hinge-point; T ₁The design lifting load of expression gig; α represents the angle of wedge number of degrees of V-slot; μ _SThe expression steel cable is to the coefficient of static friction of V-slot; R represent to design lifting load power and tension wheel and reel tangential direction tension force make a concerted effort with tension wheel and contact roller line of centers on projection value; ψ represents to carry the cornerite radian value of steel cable in V-slot formula reel, promptly on the contact roller compacted position to the radian value at the envelope angle between tension wheel and the position, reel tangent line point of contact; E represents the truth of a matter of Napier's logarithm.

3, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 1, the angle of wedge scope that it is characterized in that V-slot is 15～18 °, the carrying steel cable is between 270～280 ° at the envelope angle on the V-slot reel.

4, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that planetary reduction gear comprises sun wheel, a pair of shared planetary wheel, decides gear ring and moving gear ring, deciding gear ring links to each other with casing, moving gear ring links to each other with the V-slot reel, sun wheel shaft is connected with motor output shaft, and sun wheel is meshed with planetary wheel, planetary half facewidth with decide gear ring and be meshed, second half facewidth is meshed with moving gear ring, and moving gear ring drives V-slot formula reel and rotates.

5, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 4 is characterized in that the modulus of all gears is all identical, and the number of teeth is an even number entirely, decides the number of teeth of gear ring and the number of teeth of moving gear ring and differs 2 numbers of teeth.

6, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the descending speed killer comprises aviation engine clutch bear, flange, friction lining, aviation engine clutch bear is sleeved on the sun wheel shaft, flange is sleeved on the aviation engine clutch bear outer ring, friction lining is fixed on the flange, the outer ring of friction lining places among two pressure plates, pressure plate offsets by spring perch and spring, spring offsets with the cock nut that is installed on the shell, cock links to each other with the cock nut, rotate the cock nut, can adjust the height of adjustable spring, thereby adjust the pressure between pressure plate and the friction lining, can adjust friction force between friction lining and the pressure plate, and then when realizing dropping of load, the restriction of sun wheel shaft overspeed rotation; Adjust the end float misalignment that cock can limit sun wheel shaft; Screw off cock, load onto crank, shake crank, crank drives the sun wheel shaft rotation, can do to have a power failure or the propulsive effort when overhauling.

7, Load self-locked brake type elevator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that safety lock is flush-mounted in the lock chamber of osed top housing, the movement of safety lock is nipped into the lock chamber that whole core part embeds housing by base plate, cover plate, by 2 splint core axis top bar axle journal restriction retaining apart from and with self screw rod pass housing fastening, locate; The cover plate periphery is fastening with screw and housing simultaneously, the suspension hook that insures on guiding principle rope, the carrying steel cable is hooked on the same rod simultaneously carries; Two rope formed planes of parallel lines and V-slot reel elevation profile are perpendicular; The insurance steel cable is introduced from safety lock upper end safety rope guide pin bushing, is drawn by the guide pin bushing of lower end through open jaw, and together guides the two reel limit of coaxial type square volume into, puts device with the carrying steel cable; Disconnected rope or limit tilt signals are by the tension force or the two-way inclination angle offset variable of passing the carrying steel cable, act on by rocker shaft to propping up the peripheral hardware rocking arm of hinge through hoop, through 2 rocker-arm link interlock rockers, radius stay in the movement is produced synchronously, in the same way, swing with the position, angle; Parallel four link type pincer system constitutes the parallel axis line that three rows equate the hinge distance by 2 splint core axis, 4 clamp mandrels of 2 rows, uses cooresponding hinge hole on 2 groups of upper and lower clamp connecting rod plates again, by 6 above-mentioned hinged forming of mandrel; Go up the profile that clamp connecting rod afterbody all has identical band concave arc groove and dome to constitute for 2, the jaw closing spring penetrates with spring core rod, and pass the band central aperture spring with moving mandrel, this mandrel is threaded onto in 2 corresponding fraisings of clamp connecting rod, " Λ " shape bottom of spring core rod is installed on the closing spring seat axle that passes on base plate and the cover plate coaxial aperture position, obtains jaws close thrust; The swing of radius stay is propped up to cut with scissors and is utilized the splint core axis of going up the clamp connecting rod to be the heart, place 2 to go up between the clamp connecting rod plate, radius stay top links to each other with rocking arm with the slotted hole that rocker passes on the housing, the radius stay upper left-hand is provided with equalization of strain spring, set screw, spring force and the equalization of strain that carries on the steel cable, the center position of the bar of remaining neutral; Be equipped with on the left side positioning rod pressure arm and force the opening pinch roller, vertical afterbody of radius stay bottom has connecting rod pin, and is hinged with connecting rod pin by connecting rod and rocking bar afterbody long arc groove; The following left side of radius stay, the locating wheel fork is arranged, and to open locating wheel tangent with having kept out jaw on last clamp connecting rod concave arc groove, this is taken turns by the locating wheel mandrel and is bearing on two rocking bar clamping plate, rocker shaft is installed between base plate and the cover plate, the nearly case side of rocking bar has been installed the retainer spring sliding seat, be used for accepting the pressure of retainer spring, regulate its pressure with the retainer spring set screw; Clamp opening location is opened locating wheel by jaw and is snapped in concave arc groove position, and rocking arm is in center position; Hoop is towards α ₁When the direction swing was tilted for rope-broken accident or hanging basket take place, the locating wheel fork unpluged locating wheel, and parallel four connecting rod pincer system are upwards rotated because of jaw closing spring thrust, clamping insurance steel cable when jaw is closed, and hoop is towards α ₂The direction swing, when tilting for reciprocal hanging basket takes place, the connecting rod pulling by the radius stay bottom drives rocking bar and waves, and also makes jaw open locating wheel and leaves the concave arc groove, makes the closed and clamping insurance steel cable of jaw; Before hanging basket is not sling, to α ₁When direction is pulled rocking arm, jaw can be opened, safety rope can be penetrated, after hanging basket is sling, rocking arm place center position; Rocking arm only rotates α ₁Or α ₂The half-angle position time, jaw location is loosening, during to the limiting angle position with quick make, clamping insurance steel cable; α wherein ₁, α ₂Be respectively the limiting angle that swings of rocking arm.

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