Electric climbing device and application apparatus thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic climbing equipment technical field.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of industry with the civil construction industry, towering structure is more and more.The construction of towering structure, maintenance etc. all be unable to do without the facility of ascending a height.
In the Guangzhou New TV Tower urceolus steel structure and Antenna mast finish paint coating decoration that my unit bears, because its contour structures is complicated, driving surface is hyperbolic-type, the general equipment of ascending a height does not satisfy the construction needs, moreover, exploration, mountain-climbing, military affairs, fire-fighting, salvage, except sudden and violent peacekeeping all need a kind of safe, climb facility easily.The relief of Different high risk sites, small space more needs this kind facility of ascending a height.Therefore, the equipment that goes out for the ascend operation under the complex environment of development and Design has great importance.
The power stage structural pattern that promotes by the gig of present domestic and foreign current, all belong to rope, groove manifold type, be the steel rope envelope of load can rotating V-type slot type reel, rely in its envelope angle segmental arc, when rope, groove coupling, during the friction force of the accumulation that forms on its interface 〉=load value, do not produce relative slippage between load steel rope and reel arc groove, and can synchronous revolving, realize the ascending, descending operation to load.Must be pointed out, can not realize deceleration loading.The present both at home and abroad deceleration loading of various brands gig has still been followed the traditional braking device architecture pattern of elevator machinery, is to finish the realization of damped condition with friction braking device independently, so be called friction braking formula gig.
The two disk type friction braking formula gigs that use in the at present domestic and international construction trade are in the industry, take S type wiring method as sign.The load end is hook, comes support load by the hinge-point of rod.Steel rope is introduced the body that two reels are housed, and at first enters the lower end reel, and enters envelope grooving behind the upper drum along S shape paths intersect, and draws body.Must hang on its tail of rope one heavily the stone roller can in 2 envelope angular regions of two reels, obtain its specified hoisting capacity.Heavily the configuration of the quality of stone roller must be satisfied basic theories undoubtedly: especially strangle the belt principle.Its brake setting then by the West Europe standard of existing introduction, is defined in the prestage (elementary) of reel power output stage---the end of pinion shaft input, arrange 1, the ratchet of similar chain block---thorn claw formula, but manual locking still, the friction disk type drg.In addition, also require one-level friction brake (disc braking motor) to be set again or by worm and gear, to have reverse self-locking power input stage formation in the power input stage, 2 grades of stop mechanisms namely must be arranged.The injures and deaths case that the tired broken mechanical breakdown of existing drg final stage miniature gears causes, although confirmed that 2 grades of drgs self are intact, but because losing constraint chain braking function performance, necessary, interrupt and lost efficacy, so 2 grades of friction brakinges are not safe against all possibilities.
In addition, ordinary wear and tear and the interface pollution of two reel gig ropes and V-type groove reduce its coefficient of static friction, all will cause the reduction of specified hoisting capacity, cause the load mechanical breakdown of falling.So such gig must arrange as the lifting engine installation of hanging basket, " safety lock " of the anti-hypervelocity that descends, otherwise inaccurate supporting cradling.
The at present development of the interior monovolume dish gig that uses of construction trade both at home and abroad is the natural tendency that falls in order to overcome two reel loads purely.In the industry take α shape wiring method as sign.Its load end rope is introduced behind body can rotating reel groove envelope along 1, its cornerite is inevitable less than 360 degree, 2 reel cornerite sums less than two reels also are inevitable, and draw body along α shape route, on this moment tail of rope and the unparalleled reel gig heavily stone roller that must dispose.In order to obtain specified hoisting capacity, adopted the form of many wheels rope back of the body pressurization, obtain the friction force of enough large accumulation with this.Through the differentiation of a segment structure, the final shaping is the hold-down mechanism of 2 group of 4 wheel-type linked, i.e. so-called major and minor press nips.Though but wherein 1 group tightly have certain effect by force with the exceptionally straight of load rope, only can play the pre-pressing force of side travel amount effect, purpose is the loose groove that takes off when preventing the tail of rope zero load: another group then is by the adjusting prepressing spring, 4 pinch rollers of pressure linkage by spring, act on the rope back of segmental arc in the envelope angle, produce balanced loaded friction force.
The mechanism of 4 pinch rollers is set, mathematics, mechanical relationship that the acquisition of its thrust (or shift) does not form and transforms with load value in this envelope angular region; Run counter to the 17th century and especially strangled determined belt principle, namely the tangential pulling force of cornerite termination is minimum value, and the tangential tension distribution rule on the position, different angle is: 0 degree is equivalent with load; Increase with cornerite, decide functional relation by 1 and make screw-pinch and sharply reduce.That is, as long as at the cornerite termination of having confirmed, 1 tangential equivalent tensile force that is complementary with load is set gets final product the balanced load value.Many pinch roller synergy must be far longer than the required numerical value of balanced load.During predelivery test, must be adjusted to and to satisfy 1.25 times of rated load side's row.But the ordinary wear and tear that all contact rollers and rope, three of grooves participate in the element of coupling must cause giving the lax of pressing spring, in time polyphony.When the user carries out polyphony on hand, must be for security consideration, rather tightly not loose.Exactly because the domination of this natural phychology will cause all pinch rollers from the aggravation of sword process, accelerate its sword limit and cut off the top layer steel wire, then cut off rope strand, finally cause disconnected rope mechanical breakdown.Just because of this reason, every disconnected rope fault is mostly on the monovolume disc type gig.
In addition, electric climbing device belongs to technological gap at present at home.The electric climbing device that domestic special policeman uses all is import, and not only buying expenses is high, and has poor safety performance, and potential safety hazard waits variety of issue more.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of can adapt under the various work condition states safe, climb equipment easily.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the equipment of using above-mentioned climbing facility.
In order to reach the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of electric climbing device, comprise a casing, and be installed with a serving dish in the casing, offer one on the housing of casing and enter rope mouth and a rope outlet; One working rope hangs on certain attachment point and enters rope and mouthful enter casing inside from described, passes outside the casing from described rope outlet after walking around described serving dish; One presses rope mechanism, and described pressure rope structure pressurized applies thrust to the working rope on the winder when entering the working rope of rope mouth; One is used for hanging the link of weight, is fixedly arranged on casing; One motor, motor output shaft are coupling in described serving dish; One motor effector, forward, counter-rotating and the shutdown of control motor.
Further, described pressure rope mechanism comprises that a force application mechanism and presses rope mechanism, and described force application mechanism has a lever construction, and the first end pressurized of lever is in a working rope that enters rope mouthful place, the second end interlock of lever presses rope mechanism to press to working rope on the described serving dish in pressing rope mechanism, making.
Further, described force application mechanism comprises cranks arm and swing arm wheel, and the point of transition of cranking arm is articulated in described casing as the fulcrum of lever, and the first end of cranking arm is connected in the swing arm wheel by pin, and described working rope is around in the race of described swing arm wheel; Second end of cranking arm is connected in described pressure rope mechanism.
Further, described pressure rope mechanism comprises a press rope wheel support, one set pin, and be positioned at a pair of press rope wheel at press rope wheel support two ends, described set pin is fixed in the mid point of the second end of the lever of described force application mechanism and described press rope wheel support in the chute on the described casing, and described a pair of press rope wheel is installed in described serving dish excircle.
As a kind of embodiment, the described angle of cranking arm towards between two arms of serving dish one side is 90~180 degree angles, reduce to crank arm and the serving dish between distance, save the casing volume.
Describedly enter the same direction that rope mouthful and rope outlet are opened in casing, reeled described serving dish of described working rope forms the Ω type, and the envelope angle of working rope on described serving dish is between 260~300 °, satisfying in the situation that changes force direction, make unit design compacter, more convenient operation.
As a kind of preferred version, the grooving of described serving dish is the V-type groove, is difficult in the groove getting loose so that working rope can be stuck in.
A kind of electric seat chair form lifter comprises aforesaid electric climbing device, also comprises a chair type ascending platform, is fixedly connected on the link of described electric climbing device.
A kind of electric belt type lifter comprises aforesaid electric climbing device, also comprises a five-point type safety harness, is fixedly connected on the link of described electric climbing device.
The board-like lifter of a kind of electric seat comprises aforesaid electric climbing device, also comprises a formula climb plank, is fixedly connected on the link of described electric climbing device.
The present invention bestows swing arm wheel pressure by climbing rope exactly, passes to the press rope wheel support by swing arm again, is applied to by press rope wheel by the press rope wheel support and climbs rope, and along with the increasing of load, the power that is applied to press rope wheel also just strengthens.According to tribology principle, climb the friction force of rope on the serving dish and also strengthen thereupon, can not glide because of load thereby guaranteed to climb rope.The concept that electric climbing device of the present invention has stroke arbitrarily or stroke is not limit, be that then envelope serving dish passed outside the casing after the load end rope entered casing inside, under the condition that can satisfy operation stroke needs, the rope of corresponding length is provided, just can realize that the load that stroke is not limit promotes, its operation stroke has the concept of " unlimited stroke " for the constant volume steel cable batches the load lifting.Make the user along the rope vertical lift that sets or along sloping lifting, can pass through lateral traction, reach the purpose of curve lifting.Whole gig volume is little, lightweight, compact conformation.Complete machine adopts explosion protection, can be used for inflammable, explosive environments; The material of complete machine and rope all adopt heat-resisting, resistant material, can be used for harsh environment work.Therefore, the present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) stroke is not limit; (2) load pressure rope is definitely reliable, has the function of the auto-compensation that resistance to wears; (3) load pressure rope is only changed by the motor operating instruction automatically with operation; (4) working rope be the carrier of Inhaul operation be again the medium of braking, have in the load running process, carry out at any time the double action that safety is pressed the rope braking; (5) load pressure rope belongs to " soft braking " without impacting, and restricts in case press, and is absolute reliable, never glides, for a long time deceleration loading: can withstand shocks and live load (in strength range).(6) very light to the working rope wearing and tearing, rope-broken accident can not occur in long service life.Swing arm load pressure rope formula climbing apparatus of the present invention can eliminate thoroughly that the load that friction braking formula gig may occur is fallen, brake failure, the human casualty accident of disconnected rope and the malfunctioning initiation of safety lock.Can further derive electric hanging boat, driven hanging basket, safety band type electric climbing device, seat-plate type electric climbing device, chair type electric climbing device, electronic rescuing litter etc. by electric climbing device of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram from the electric climbing device of sheave direction;
Fig. 2 is the lateral plan from the electric climbing device of swing arm wheel direction;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram from the electric climbing device of sheave and motor angle direction;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram from the electric climbing device of swing arm wheel and motor back side angle direction;
Fig. 5 is the inner structure scheme drawing of the electric climbing device after Fig. 4 direction casing is cut open;
Fig. 6 is the positive inner structure scheme drawing that casing is cut rear electric climbing device open.
1 working rope; 2 casings; 3 reducing motors; 4 motors and serving dish adapter shaft; 5 serving dishes; 6 swing arms, 7 press rope wheel supports; 8 swing arms wheel; 9 press rope wheels; 10 sheaves; 11 links; 12 swing arm bearing pins; 120 perforates; 13 swing arms wheel bearing pin; 14 press rope wheel rack pin shafts; 140 cotter ways; 15 press rope wheel bearing pins; 16 sheave bearing pins; 17 link bearing pins.
The specific embodiment
Now 1~5 couple of the present invention is further detailed by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Working rope 1 is selected the rope wear-resisting, that loading strength is high, and braided wire rope or high strength fibre rope all are good selections.Braided wire rope is selected zinc-plated trapezoidal burst of cross section, and quality is soft.The high strength fibre rope refers to the Weaving type nylon fibre rope of high-strength wearproof corrosion-resistant.The flexible radius of the working rope that this bi-material makes is little, does not play drum.
Casing 2 is made by high-strength aluminum alloy material, is formed by connecting after the compacting of two lobes before and after being divided into again.Because adopt high-strength aluminum alloy material, it has the intensity height, lightweight characteristics.The upper bottom surface of casing offers into rope mouth and rope outlet, penetrates and passes for working rope 1.
Reducing motor 3 adopts the dc speed-changing motor, can connect source of AC and change use, also chargeable use.Reducing motor 3 is connected with serving dish 5 by adapter shaft 4.Adapter shaft 4 is that gear transmission is connected with the contact position of serving dish 5.Reducing motor 3 rotates namely can drive 5 rotations of serving dish.Adapter shaft 4 selects high strength material to process, and frangibility is not lightweight.
Serving dish 5 inner rings are tooth-shape structure, and its periphery is provided with the V-type groove structure.Working rope 1 is set around the V-type groove after the rope mouth enters casing from entering, and working rope 1 contacts the angle of envelope greater than 180 ° of circumference with serving dish 5, and the best is between 260~300 °, forms the shape of a similar Ω.
Security kernel parts of the present invention are lock rope mechanisms, this lock rope mechanism is by the electric climbing device load action, make working rope produce load, the stressed working rope of load will be positioned at the swing arm wheel of swing arm first end to extrapolation, force the press rope wheel that is positioned at swing arm the second end that the working rope on the serving dish is applied inside thrust, thereby increase the friction force between working rope and the serving dish V groove.The increase of exerting pressure along with load that press rope wheel gives working rope strengthens, and also reduces along with the reduction of load.This lock rope mechanism comprises two parts assembly, and one is force application mechanism, and two for pressing rope mechanism.Wherein, force application mechanism is comprised of swing arm 6 and pendulum wall wheel 8.And press rope mechanism to comprise a pair of press rope wheel 9 and a press rope wheel support 7.Swing arm 6 is a curved arm lever, and its mid point is balance pivot, is fixed in the perforate 120 of casing 2 by swing arm bearing pin 12 pin joints; The first end of swing arm 6 is connected with swing arm wheel 8 by swing arm wheel bearing pin 13, and swing arm wheel 8 can rotate with respect to bearing pin 13; The second end of swing arm 6 is captiveed joint with press rope wheel support 7 by press rope wheel rack pin shaft 14, makes the second end and press rope wheel support 7 interlocks of swing arm 6.Casing 2 offers arc cotter way 140, and pin 14 can be in the 140 interior slips of arc cotter way.The two ends of press rope wheel support 7 are by press rope wheel bearing pin 15 captive joints one press rope wheel 9 respectively, and when press rope wheel support 7 moved with the second end of swing arm 6, press rope wheel 9 also can synchronizing moving, is about to working rope 1 and is pressed in the V-type groove of serving dish 5.Working rope 1 is close to the groove of swing arm wheel 8, when working rope 1 is in loading condition, 1 pair of swing arm wheel 8 of working rope applies and points to the pressure that 8 center of circle directions are taken turns in swing arm, this also is the force direction that is subjected to of swing arm 6 first ends (force side), because the leverage of swing arm 6, the direction of power changes, with the mid point (balance pivot) of swing arm 6 as the center of circle, second end (force side) of swing arm 6 and the distance between mid point are as radius of rotation, the second end of swing arm 6 drives press rope wheel support 7 and moves to serving dish 5 center of circle directions, cause press rope wheel 9 to execute back thrust to serving dish 5, thereby reach the lock rope purpose that guarantees that working rope does not glide.Owing to be provided with a pair of press rope wheel, can exert pressure to the serving dish respectively from two points, so working rope be stressed more even, situation than a stress point, it is not yielding to have rope, and " lock rope " effect is more reliable firm, little, the long-lived advantage of rope wear.Because second end (force side) of swing arm 6 does not directly act on rope, but by pressing rope mechanism transmission of pressure to working rope, therefore press the setting of rope mechanism more flexible, be not subjected to the length of swing arm, angle position between two arms and the direct restriction of shell space by changing the brachium of press rope wheel support, can change the distance of 14 of press rope wheel 9 and pins, namely change two distances between the press rope wheel 9, thereby change the spot pressure that press rope wheel acts on the working rope on the serving dish.
Press rope wheel 9 adopts the V-type sheave, and the angle of wedge scope of V-shaped groove is preferably 10~20 °.
Sheave 10 is arranged at casing rope outlet place, is installed on casing 2 by bearing pin 16.Working rope 1 sheave 10 of reeling again behind coiling pulleying cheese 5 passes casing 2 from rope outlet.
Link 11 is fixed on casing 2 belows by link bearing pin 17.Link 11 is used for the carrying weight.
The operating process explanation:
One end of working rope hangs on certain attachment point that is positioned at the top, and the other end penetrates from the rope mouthful end that enters of electric climbing device housing, walks around respectively swing arm wheel 8, serving dish 5 and sheave 10, passes from rope outlet and dangles as free end under backward.Be hung with weight on the link 11 or carry operating personal.Be subjected to the lower end Action of Gravity Field, working rope 1 can outwards be pushed swing arm wheel 8 open in the upper end.Drive motor 3 provides power, and then serving dish 5 can rise or descend with the machine shaft rotation and along working rope.Owing to pressed rope mechanism to apply pressure at serving Pan5Chu to working rope, therefore can guarantee to restrict, take turns to produce to rub and realize the purpose that bull wheel climbs up and down along working rope.The motor operating control is provided with upwards button, to knob down and scram button, operating personal is pressed the descending operation that button can carry out electric climbing device according to the lifting demand.
Swing arm load pressure rope climbing apparatus of the present invention belongs to the unlimited stroke elevating gear of monovolume dish in the machinery.With at present both at home and abroad general lifting of hanging basket machinery roughly the same.Here related elevating gear is for the electric block that batches load with the constant volume revolution, winch limited travel, the concept that gig has stroke arbitrarily or stroke is not limit, namely the load end steel cable enters the reel that envelope behind the body has the V-type slot type and draws body; As long as can satisfy the needs of operation stroke, the steel rope of corresponding length is provided, just can realizes that the load that stroke is not limit promotes that its operation stroke has the concept of " unlimited stroke " for the constant volume steel cable batches the load lifting.
It is to utilize the swing arm lever balance application of force that the rope climbing apparatus is pressed in swing arm of the present invention, has overcome the problem of the safety control deficiency of existing elevating gear.According to the balancing force of load adjustment swing arm, according to the lever mechanics principle, by swing arm load force is passed to the press rope wheel support, after the press rope wheel support is subjected to swing arm to power, make press rope wheel and serving dish type press in pairs application of force state, press the rope purpose thereby reach.This structural form belongs to lever and compresses pattern.Only adopt the structural pattern of 1 tension wheel (swing arm wheel 8) and 2 contact rollers (press rope wheel 9), the block construction pattern is succinct, load value can be converted to the cornerite termination quantitatively, the thrust that balanced load is necessary has obtained rope, groove coupling mechanism and frictional power output mechanism.
Pressure rope structure of the present invention adopts by the mutual simple structure to pressing of serving dish and press rope wheel, and its interactional thrust must be by the center of circle each other.And be not subjected to both Mismachining tolerances and the impact of out of roundness; Not supported the secondary loose restriction of wearing and tearing, is cocksure load pressure rope.
When the present invention relies on the motor-driven bull wheel, in the compression place, obtained the tangential turning force that is formed by drive torque.This power and thrust no longer point to joint efforts the reel center of circle, but form the power that revolution promotes load.In case stop motor-driven, change immediately " absolute load pressure rope braking mode " over to, realized braking and automatically conversion of operation.Working rope (braided wire rope or tailored fibre rope) is the carrier of Inhaul operation, also is the medium of braking.In mechanism without conventional friction brake spare.Load pressure rope coupling spare has the function of the auto-compensation that resistance to wears, and this is crucial function.
Pressure rope of the present invention mechanism can have numerous embodiments according to different needs.For example, the force application mechanism in this example has adopted the bascule of cranking arm, and can also adopt as required multiplying lever, and namely the fulcrum of lever is not to be positioned at mid point.As shown in drawings, angle between these routine curved arm lever two arms is being the obtuse angle towards serving dish direction, namely 90~180 spend, can also adopt other embodiment employing greater than the mode at 180 degree angles, the assembly that cooperates simultaneously other is as long as rope can final break-in be the pressure towards serving dish direction to the first end applied pressure of cranking arm.Press rope mechanism to be not limited to the mode of press rope wheel support and a pair of press rope wheel, even also can be reached the purpose of pressing rope by an independent press rope wheel, need only this independent press rope wheel interlock in the second end of curved arm lever and be located at the retainer disk excircle, can apply with the swing of curved arm lever the thrust towards the serving dish.In addition, enter the same direction that rope mouthful and rope outlet are arranged at casing in this example, so not only can provide enough envelope angles, the mechanism that can also simplify whole device, handled easily.But the present invention does not get rid of other set-up mode, namely enters rope mouthful and rope outlet setting not at the same face of casing, can reach identical enforcement purpose yet.
Electric climbing device of the present invention can adopt three asynchronous dynamos, individual event alternating current dynamo or charging type direct current motor-driven according to the workplace, the high strength alumin ium alloy casing, arm trammel beam, press rope wheel support, the compositions such as press rope wheel, institute's geared surface is the hard flank of tooth of electro-high-frequency hardening.Working rope of the present invention adopts steel rope or caprone cable.
Adopting on the basis of above climbing apparatus, under link, to hang or the fixing seat support of other mechanical connection manner, can obtain electric seat chair form lifter.
Similarly, on the basis of adopting above climbing apparatus, to hang or other mechanical connection manner permanent seat chair form ascending platform, can install and obtain electric seat chair form lifter under link, this electric seat chair form lifter is applicable to the larger occasion in operational space.
If fixing safety harness under link such as the five-point safety suspender belt, then can obtain the electric belt type lifter, this electric belt type lifter is applicable to the smaller occasion in operational space.
If at link lower fixed seat formula climb plank, then can obtain the board-like lifter of electric seat.
In a word, the application scenario of this electric climbing device is too numerous to enumerate, and it is prior art with being connected of the accessories such as seat board or suspender belt, does not repeat them here.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.