EP1479636A1 - Buffer that can create a safety inspection zone for elevators - Google Patents

Abstract

The lift system has a buffer (10) for the creating of at least one protective zone, a lift car (15) and a counterweight for the lift car, whereby the lift car and counterweight are movable along paths. The buffer has movable means (14) which can move into the path (Vk) of the lift car, and movable means (14.1) which can move into the path (Vg) of the counterweight in such a way that the lift car or the counterweight can be brought into mechanical contact with the movable means and the buffer can support the lift car or counterweight at a predetermined height above the floor (18) so that a protective zone is created below or above the lift car. An independent claim is included for a method for the creating of a protective zone in a lift system.

Description

The invention relates to an elevator system with a Buffers to create a protection zone. A procedure for Creating a protection zone is another object of the Invention.

Elevator systems are usually with one or more Buffers provided on the floor of an elevator shaft are arranged to the elevator car when driving over the lowest stop position in the elevator train compartment in Downward direction and / or when driving over the top one Stop position in the elevator train bay in the upward direction Stop traversing a given distance. This Buffers are usually located below the elevator car and / or the counterweight.

To pass a top stop position in the Elevator shaft upwards at the latest after passing through one buffers can also prevent the specified distance The shaft head can be arranged above the elevator car. The fact that such buffers on the shaft floor or Shaft head immediately below or above the There must be an elevator car certain space requirements. The shaft head or the shaft floor can therefore only be used for other purposes to a limited extent. at Lift systems without a pit are one of them Standard arrangement of the buffers not possible, because below there is little space in the elevator car.

In PCT patent application WO 00/64798-A1 there is one Elevator system with one elevator shaft, one vertically movable elevator car with counterweight and with buffers described, the buffers are not below the Elevator car, but next to the elevator car on Pit floor. The elevator car is with angles provided that hit the buffers, if there is a Crossing situation comes, i.e. if the elevator car does lowest stop position on the lowest floor down overruns. As a result, the elevator car is braked and in stopped a short distance above the shaft floor. Overrun protection against overriding the top one Stop position of the elevator car is in this PCT Patent application not proposed. The elevator system has a pit without a pit. A possibility, Temporary protection zones for carrying out maintenance and Repair work in the elevator shaft on the shaft floor and / or to create on the shaft head is not disclosed.

Often there is too little for structural or other reasons Space for a conventional elevator system with Shaft pit and shaft head available. Especially at the subsequent installation or addition of an elevator system in an existing building is increasingly coming Elevator shafts without shaft pit and without shaft head for Commitment. With such elevator shafts, but also with There are situations in conventional elevator shafts who need a protection zone at the top or to create the lower shaft end. For example, this is the Case when the elevator system is serviced or checked should be and for this purpose a fitter in the shaft must get in.

It is important to have a system to create one temporary protection zone is safe. There is different solutions. Another criteria are the cost and space requirements for such a system. Also the simple control and maintenance of a system for It is important to create a temporary protection zone. The Assembly effort and initial alignment all parts of such a system is another Criterion to take into account.

In European patent application EP 0 725 033-A1 an elevator system with an elevator shaft and one vertically movable elevator car with counterweight described. There is an attachment device on the shaft floor provided, which comprises a swivel buffer, which in the Travel path of the elevator car can be pivoted. Thereby can create a protection zone on the shaft floor if necessary be created. As a special embodiment, a Combination of a shaft buffer that is outside of one Track of an elevator car is set up with a rigid one Swivel lever that swivels into the path of the elevator car is suggested. So that the elevator car at one Impact on the swivel lever through the shaft buffer be braked and at a height above the Shaft bottom are supported, the top of the bottom Stop position of the elevator car is.

It is a disadvantage of this embodiment that it does is suitable for creating a protection zone on the shaft floor, but does not offer a possibility to run over the lowest stopping position of the elevator car in Lift train shaft in the downward direction after passing through one stop the specified distance. One way, one It is also not possible to create a protection zone on the shaft head intended.

In PCT patent application WO 02/051737-A1 there is one Elevator system with one elevator shaft, one vertically movable elevator car with counterweight and one movable support device described. The Support device is eccentric on the bottom of the shaft the elevator car and the counterweight arranged and can can be moved into the elevator car if necessary. The Support device includes a plate on the bottom of the shaft is hinged hinged. If necessary, this plate easily folded towards the elevator car. At the Elevator cabs have buffers on the plate hit and the elevator car in a predetermined Keep a distance from the shaft floor. This allows in If necessary, a protection zone is created on the shaft floor become. A protection zone in the area of the shaft head To be able to create, the elevator car has according to the PCT Patent application for a device on the roof of the Elevator car is attached. This device can be folded up and drives against the shaft ceiling. So becomes a protection zone at the top of the shaft created. This PCT patent application is next Considered the state of the art.

It is a disadvantage of this embodiment that Create a protection zone on the head of a device is necessary, which sits on the elevator car. Thereby the mass to be accelerated and moved increases.

The present invention has for its object a To provide a solution that makes it possible, if necessary a protection zone at the bottom or at the top of one To create elevator shaft.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and the features of Process claim 14.

Advantageous developments of the inventive Elevator systems are defined by the dependent claims 2 to 13 Are defined. A further development of the invention The method is specified in claim 15.

The elevator installation according to the invention has a buffer on, the movable means that are in the orbit of the Elevator car can be moved into it, and movable means, which can be moved into the path of the counterweight, includes.

The movable means in the web of the elevator car are movable, and the movable means in the Path of the counterweight can be moved into it realized, for example, as a single movable part that can be moved between different layers, that it is in both the elevator car train and in the path of the counterweight can be brought. It is also possible the movable means that in the orbit of the Elevator car can be moved in, and the movable Means that move into the path of the counterweight are, each by different, independently to realize moving parts. For example, a first movable part can be arranged on the buffer so that it can be moved into the path of the elevator car, and a second movable part could be arranged on the buffer be that it can move into the path of the counterweight is.

Consequently, the movable means can in one Be brought in the position in which they are are arranged that the elevator car and / or that Counterweight with the movable means in one mechanical contact can be brought. It will allows you to choose the Elevator car or the counterweight in a first or in a second predetermined distance above a floor can be supported. The specified first distance and the predetermined second distance can be different, depending on the arrangement and shape of the buffer or the movable Medium. The elevator car and the counterweight can are therefore supported at different heights.

The movable means are in a normal position the movable means are not in the path of the elevator car and the counterweight. Consequently, the space available for the Elevator car is accessible when restricted movable means are brought into the operating position. Because either the elevator car or the Counterweight each at a predetermined distance can be supported on a floor, the track that the Can drive through elevator car, shortened at both ends. Thus, shelters at both ends of the web are Elevator car created.

Another embodiment of the buffer according to the invention comprises a buffering element arranged in such a way that it protrudes into the elevator car path when the movable means are brought into the normal position, wherein the buffering element is designed such that the elevator car with the buffering element in one mechanical contact and at a third distance is supported above the ground, which is less than that first predetermined distance. This embodiment is also usable as overrun protection, which the elevator car at Driving over a lowest stop position in the downward direction brakes and stops.

An embodiment of the buffer according to the invention can have a buffering element arranged in this way is that when the movable means are brought into the normal position, wherein the buffering element is designed such that the counterweight with the buffering element in one mechanical contact and at a fourth distance is supported above the ground, which is less than that second predetermined distance. This buffer can be used as Overrun protection can be used by the mechanical contact with the counterweight the counterweight decelerates and stops in the downward direction and thus the Elevator car when driving over a top stop position decelerates in the upward direction and stops.

The buffer can be developed in such a way that a buffering element in the lanes of the elevator car and the Counterweight protrudes when the movable means in the Are brought to normal position. Thus, only through the Choice of the arrangement of a single buffer the elevator car be prevented from moving to a lowest stop position down and a top stop position up run over.

This embodiment has the advantage that with a single buffer - depending on the choice of position of the movable means - the elevator car and / or that Counterweight in at least two different ways Distances above a floor can be supported. On such buffers can be suitably dimensioned in one pitless elevator system against overrun protection Driving over a lowest stopping position of the elevator car in the downward direction and against driving over a top one Stop position of the elevator car in the upward direction guarantee and additionally - with a suitable Position of the movable means - the creation of temporary Shelters below and above the elevator car enable.

Fig. 1A

eine schematische Draufsicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Normalzustand;

Fig. 1B

eine schematische Seitenansicht der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Normalzustand;

Fig. 1C

eine schematische Draufsicht der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Einsatzzustand;

Fig. 1D

eine schematische Seitenansicht der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Einsatzzustand, wobei eine temporäre Schutzzone geschaffen ist;

Fig. 1E

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines gesamten Aufzugsschachts mit der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Einsatzzustand, wobei ein Gegengewicht auf dem Puffer aufsitzt und eine Schutzzone am oberen Schachtende geschaffen ist;

Fig. 1F

eine schematische Seitenansicht des Aufzugsschachts mit der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Normalzustand, wobei ein Gegengewicht auf dem Puffer aufsitzt und ein Überfahren einer obersten Halteposition nach oben verhindert ist;

Fig. 2A

eine schematische Draufsicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Normalzustand;

Fig. 2B

eine schematische Seitenansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Normalzustand;

Fig. 2C

eine schematische Draufsicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Einsatzzustand;

Fig. 2D

eine schematische Seitenansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Einsatzzustand, wobei eine temporäre Schutzzone am Schachtboden geschaffen ist;

Fig. 3A

eine schematische Draufsicht einer dritten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Normalzustand;

Fig. 3B

eine schematische Seitenansicht der dritten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Normalzustand, wobei die nach unten über eine unterste Haltposition hinaus fahrende Aufzugskabine gestoppt wird;

Fig. 3C

eine schematische Draufsicht der dritten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Einsatzzustand;

Fig. 3D

eine schematische Seitenansicht der dritten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Einsatzzustand, wobei eine temporäre Schutzzone geschaffen ist.

Details and advantages of the invention are described below using exemplary embodiments and with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1A

a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in a normal state;

Figure 1B

is a schematic side view of the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the normal state;

1C

a schematic plan view of the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in an operating state;

Figure 1D

is a schematic side view of the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the operating state, wherein a temporary protection zone is created;

Figure 1E

is a schematic side view of an entire elevator shaft with the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the operating state, wherein a counterweight sits on the buffer and a protection zone is created at the upper end of the shaft;

Figure 1F

is a schematic side view of the elevator shaft with the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the normal state, wherein a counterweight is seated on the buffer and a top stop position is prevented from being passed over;

Figure 2A

a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in a normal state;

Figure 2B

is a schematic side view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the normal state;

Figure 2C

a schematic plan view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in an operating state;

Figure 2D

is a schematic side view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the operating state, wherein a temporary protection zone is created on the shaft bottom;

Figure 3A

a schematic plan view of a third embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in a normal state;

Figure 3B

is a schematic side view of the third embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the normal state, wherein the elevator car moving downward beyond a lowest stop position is stopped;

Figure 3C

a schematic plan view of the third embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in an operating state;

Fig. 3D

is a schematic side view of the third embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the operating state, a temporary protection zone being created.

FIGS. 1A to 1F show a first embodiment of an elevator installation with a buffer 10, according to the invention, in different schematic views and in different states. The buffer 10 shown is a buffer for supporting an elevator car 15 above the floor 18 of an elevator shaft 11. The elevator car 15 is counterbalanced by means of a suspension element 23.1, for example one or more ropes and / or one or more belts 23 that the elevator car 15 and the counterweight 23 can be moved up and down along the paths V _K and V _G in the elevator shaft 11. The counterweight, the suspension element, the traction sheave for the suspension element, the drive for the traction sheave, the guide rails for the elevator car 15 and the counterweight and the other usual elements of an elevator installation are not shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D.

The buffer 10 has an elongated extension substantially parallel to the tracks V _K or V _{G of} the elevator car 15 or the counterweight 23. It comprises a lower base element 12 and a slimmer upper part 13. The buffer further comprises movable means 14 and 14.1 which can be moved out of the upper part 13, as indicated in FIGS. 1C, 1D and 1E. In addition, a drive device (not shown) is provided which allows the means 14 or 14.1 to be moved between different positions. A control device (not shown), which acts on the drive device, allows the positioning of the means 14 or 14.1 to be checked and monitored.

The tracks V _K and V _G are indicated in FIGS. 1B and 1D-1F by dashed lines. The buffer 10 is located at least partially between the path V _{K of} the elevator car 15 and the path V _{G of} the counterweight 23. For illustration, FIGS. 1A and 1C show the projection K1 of the floor 15.1 of the elevator car 15 and the projection G1 of the underside 23.2 of the counterweight 23, each projected onto the shaft floor, shown. The projections K1 and G1 are shown with dashed lines in the areas in which they overlap with the base 12.1 of the base element 12 on the shaft bottom 18.

The movable means 14 and 14.1 are asymmetrical in the embodiment shown. The left trapezoidal part 14 protrudes laterally out of the upper part 13 than the right trapezoidal part 14.1. Furthermore, the movable means 14 and 14.1 can be moved at different heights above the shaft floor 18 by the tracks V _K and V _G : An upper part of the movable means 14 is at a height Z1.1 and an upper part of the movable means 14.1 is arranged at a height Z1.2, Z1.2 being larger than Z1.1 (FIGS. 1D and 1E).

The buffer 10 is shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B in a so-called normal state. In the normal state of the buffer, the movable means 14 and 14.1 are located outside the tracks V _K and V _G. The respective positions which the movable means 14 and 14.1 assume in the normal state of the buffer are referred to below as the normal position.

Since, in the normal state of the buffer 10, the upper part 13 of the buffer 10 does not protrude into the path V _{K of} the elevator car 15, the elevator car 15 can move to the landing door 17 of the lower floor without making mechanical contact with the buffer 10. In the situation shown in FIG. 1B, the cabin door 16 and the shaft door 17 can be used to get in and out.

1C, 1D and 1E show the buffer 10 in a so-called operating state. When the buffer is in use, the movable means 14 is brought into the path V _K and / or the movable means 14.1 is brought into the path V _G , ie the movable means 14 and / or the movable means 14.1 are in their respective positions of use. If the movable means 14 is in its operating position, the elevator car 15 can be brought into mechanical contact with the means. If the movable means 14.1 is in its operating position, the counterweight 23 can be brought into mechanical contact with the means 14.1.

When the movable means 14 is in its use position is brought and thus the buffer 10 in use then there is a mechanical contact Elevator car 15 with the movable means 14 of the buffer 10 as soon as the elevator car 15 has a first predetermined one Distance, in this case the distance Z1.1, with respect of the bottom 18. In the shown Embodiment, the elevator car 15 sits with a lower edge on the movable means 14, as in Fig. 1D.

The buffer 10 with the movable means 14 and 14.1 is so designed and arranged that also a mechanical Contact with the counterweight 23 takes place when the movable Means 14.1 in its operating position and the buffer 10 is thus brought into the operational state and that Counterweight 23 the predetermined distance Z1.2 with respect to Bottom 18 falls below. The counterweight 23 is in the Figures 1A to 1D not visible because it is at the top Is at the shaft end when the elevator car 15 is on lower shaft end.

Since the elevator shaft 11 is a shaft without Shaft pit, a protection zone in the Area of the lower shaft end can be created. To create the protection zone, the buffer 10 is removed from the Normal state converted to the operational state, whereby the happens by moving the movable means 14 from the top Part 13 is moved out. The elevator car 15 can now be moved down until it is on the movable means 14 attaches and from the buffer 10 at a distance Z1.1 with respect to Bottom 18 is supported. This way is below the Elevator car 15 created a protection zone. The landing door 17 is arranged such that a person enters the protection zone enter through an opening in the shaft door 17 and / or can leave. The distance Z1.1 ensures sufficient distance from the floor 18 to a safe and enable trouble-free working in the protection zone.

The buffer 10 can also create a temporary protection zone in the Area of the upper shaft end. This is shown in Fig. 1E. In this figure is a schematic Longitudinal section through the entire elevator shaft 11 shown. The elevator shaft 11 has four or more than four Floors. At the level of each of the floors a shaft door 17 indicated. In the elevator shaft 11 the counterweight 23 moves in the opposite direction to that Elevator cabin 15. The elevator cabin is at the top At the end of the shaft, the counterweight 23 is on lower shaft end. Around a protection zone at the top Creating the end of the shaft becomes the counterweight to it prevented from falling below the distance Z1.2 to the floor 18. As soon as the counterweight 23 on the movable means 14.1 sits, the elevator car 15 is also fixed in one given distance to the shaft head. Thereby there is a protection zone at the top of the shaft.

It is possible to make the buffer 10 so that the Base element 12 also acts as a buffering element. In in this case the base element 12 takes the kinetic Energy of the elevator car 15 or the kinetic energy of the counterweight 23 and brakes the elevator car 15 or the counterweight 23 when the elevator car 15 and / or the counterweight 23 in mechanical contact with the buffer 10. This applies both in the event that the elevator car 15 and / or the counterweight 23 directly on the base element 12, as well in the event that the elevator car 15 or Counterweight 23 on the movable means 14 and 14.1 put on.

In the event that the lowest stopping position is overrun the elevator car 15 comes down, sets a lower one Edge of the elevator car 15 on the base element 12, as shown in Fig. 1B. That as a buffering element acting base element 12 takes the kinetic energy of the Elevator car 15 and brakes the car 15 until this comes to a stop. In this embodiment, the Buffer 10 both for creating protection zones and as Overrun protection serve.

The embodiment of Figures 1A to 1F stands out in that they are not just running over the lowest stop position of the elevator car 15 down prevented, but also that the top one is run over Holding position of the elevator car 15 intercepted upwards becomes. This "emergency" is shown in Fig. 1F. In this figure is a schematic longitudinal section through the entire elevator shaft 11 shown. The buffer 10 is in the normal state. A run over the top one Stop position of the elevator car 15 is now up stopped by the counterweight 23 in mechanical Interaction with the base element 12 of the buffer 10 occurs. By braking and stopping the counterweight 23 through the buffer 10, the elevator cars 15 thereon prevented from driving further up.

In another embodiment, the drive unit the elevator system in or immediately below the Socket element 12 sit. In this case, that would see Base element in the top view (Fig. 1A and 1B) different out. In this case, for example, would be that of Drive unit driven traction sheave for the suspension cables arranged on the base element 12.

It is an advantage of the present invention that it can be used as few elements as possible and with a small footprint provides various functions.

The base element 12 does not necessarily have to protrude into the tracks V _K or V _G if the buffer 10 is to be used exclusively as a device for creating protective spaces and is also not intended to serve as an overrun protection for the elevator car. In this case, the elevator car 15 and the counterweight 23 could not be brought into mechanical contact with the buffer 10 if the movable means 14 and 14.1 assume the normal position. In this case, overrun protection could be implemented by installing additional buffers in the elevator shaft 11, which act separately on the elevator car 15 and / or the counterweight 23 and whose dimensions are matched to the position of the lowest and / or the top stop position of the elevator car 15 become.

FIGS. 2A to 2D show - as a second embodiment of the invention - an elevator installation with a buffer 30 in different schematic views and in different states. The buffer 30 shown is a buffer for supporting an elevator car 35 above a floor 38 of an elevator shaft 31. The buffer serves as overrun protection and as a means of creating a temporary protection zone. The elevator car 35 is connected to a counterweight such that the elevator car 35 can be moved up and down along a path V _K and the counterweight along a path V _G in the elevator shaft 31. The counterweight, the suspension element for the elevator car 35 and the counterweight, the traction sheave, the guide rails and the other usual elements of an elevator installation are not shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D. The buffer 30 has an elongated extension substantially parallel to the paths V _K and V _{G of} the elevator car 35 and the counterweight. The buffer 30 is designed and arranged such that it projects at least partially into the path V _{K of} the elevator car and into the path V _{G of} the counterweight.

The buffer 30 includes a lower, as a strong damper designed base element 32 and a slimmer upper Part 33, which is designed as a weak damper. The Buffer 30 includes movable means 34 that are on top Part 33 sit and between different positions can be rotated as in Figures 2B and 2D indicated. The movable means 34 are shown in FIG Embodiment executed symmetrically, i.e. they protrude same parts on both sides over the upper part 33 out.

The buffer 30 is shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B in a so-called normal state. In this case, the movable means 34 are in their normal position, ie they do not protrude into the paths V _K or V _G. FIGS. 2C and 2D show the buffer 30 in a so-called operating state. In this case, the movable means 34 are in their operating position, ie they protrude into the paths V _K or V _G. The buffer 30 is located at least partially between the web V _{K of} the elevator car 35 and the web V _{G of} the counterweight. 2A and 2C, the projection K3 of the elevator car 35 and the projection G3 of the counterweight, each projected onto the shaft floor, are shown. The projections K3 and G3 are shown in dashed lines in the areas in which they overlap with the base 32.1 of the base element 32 on the shaft bottom 38.

When in use, there is mechanical contact Elevator car 35 with the movable means 34 of the buffer 30 as soon as the elevator car 35 has a first predetermined one Distance Z3 with respect to the floor 38 falls below. In the shown embodiment sits with the elevator car 35 a lower edge on the movable means 34, such as shown in Fig. 2D. This can, if necessary, in the area a temporary protection zone at the bottom of the shaft be created.

The buffer 30 with the movable means 34 is like this designed and arranged that in use also a mechanical contact with the counterweight occurs when that Counterweight the predetermined distance Z3 with respect to the Bottom 38 falls below. The counterweight is in the Figures 2A to 2D not visible because it is on the top The shaft end is when the elevator car 35 is at lower shaft end.

2B shows the buffer 30 in the normal state. Since the upper part 33 of the buffer 30 is not in the path of the Elevator car protrudes, the elevator car 35 can Approach landing door 37 of the lower floor without one to establish mechanical contact with the buffer 30. In the in Fig. 2B situation can get on or off through the cabin door 36 and the shaft door 37, when the elevator car is at the lowest stopping position on occupies the lowest floor.

If the lowest stopping position is overrun the elevator car 35 downwards (not in FIGS. 2A to 2D), then there is a mechanical contact of the Elevator car 35 with the designed as a strong damper Base element 32 of the buffer 30 as soon as the elevator car 35 a predetermined distance Z3.1 with respect to the floor 38 below. In the embodiment shown, the Elevator car 35 then with a lower edge on the Base element 32. This means that in an "emergency" Elevator car 35 are braked and stopped.

To create a protective zone, the buffer 30 is transferred from the normal state to the operating state, this being done by moving the movable means 34 about an axis of rotation which is oriented essentially parallel to the path V _{K of} the elevator car 35 or to the path V _{G of} the counterweight, be rotated. The respective position of the movable means is controlled by means of a drive and a control device acting on the drive. The drive and the control device are not shown in the figures. The elevator car 35 can be moved downwards until it touches the movable means 34. In this way, a protection zone is created below the elevator car 35. A shaft door 37 is arranged such that a person can enter and / or leave the protection zone through an opening in the shaft door 37. The distance Z3 ensures sufficient distance from the floor 38 to enable safe and problem-free work in the protection zone.

Since it is in the embodiment shown Elevator system with shaft pit acts and since that Base element 32 has an elongated extent H3 at any time a flat protection zone was created, in which the Elevator car 35 can not penetrate. Even if through an error or the necessary due to incorrect operation A change to the operational state has not taken place Person in the pit should not be crushed as always a minimum distance due to the height H3 of the base element 32 is preserved.

The base element 32 and / or the upper part 33 have an extension in the direction of the path V _K or V _G depending on their mechanical load. The load dependency of this extension essentially determines the ability of the base element 32 or of the upper part 33 to brake and stop the elevator car or the counterweight when it hits the buffer 30. In order to indicate the loading of the buffer 30 by the elevator car 35, the extent of the buffer 30 in the direction of the path V _K is shown reduced by a distance ΔZ in comparison to the distance Z3 in FIG. 2D. Analogously, the extent of the buffer 30 in the direction of the path V _{G is} reduced to a height below the distance Z3 if the counterweight loads the buffer 30.

The buffer 30 can also create a temporary protection zone in the region of the upper shaft end. However, this state is not shown in FIGS. 2A to 2D. In order to create a protective zone at the upper end of the shaft, the movable means 34 are moved into the path V _{G of} the counterweight and the counterweight is supported by the buffer 30 as soon as the counterweight falls below the distance Z3 to the floor 38. As soon as the counterweight sits on the right side of the movable means 34, the elevator car 35 is also held at a fixed predetermined distance from the shaft head. This creates a protection zone at the top of the shaft.

Figures 3A to 3D show - as a third Embodiment of the invention - an elevator system with a buffer 40 in various schematic views and in different states. It is the shown buffer 40 around a buffer to support a Elevator car 45 over a floor 48 of an elevator shaft 41. The buffer serves as overrun protection and means for Create a temporary protection zone in a pitless one Elevator system, i.e. in an elevator system where the lowest holding level of the elevator car in such a way short distance above the ground that there is no space for a pit. The elevator car 45 is so connected to a counterweight that the Elevator car 45 and the counterweight along tracks in the Elevator shaft 41 can be moved up and down. The Counterweight, the suspension element for the elevator car 45 and the counterweight, the traction sheave, the guide rails and are the other common elements of an elevator system not shown in Figures 3A to 3D. The buffer 40 has an elongated extension substantially parallel to the Paths of the elevator car 45 and the counterweight. The Buffer 40 is designed and arranged so that it depends on Condition at least partially in the path of the elevator car and protrudes into the path of the counterweight.

The buffer 40 includes a lower, as a strong damper designed base element 43 and movable means 44, the sit on the base element 43 and can be rotated, as indicated in Figures 3C and 3D. The moveable Means 44 are in the embodiment shown symmetrical, i.e. they protrude in equal parts on both sides beyond the base element 43. The Movable means 44 include dampers 44.1, which in Recesses of the movable means 44 sit.

The buffer 40 is in one in FIGS. 3A and 3B so-called normal state shown. In this case the movable means 44 and 44.1 in their Normal position, i.e. they do not protrude into the path of the Elevator car 45 and the counterweight. In Figures 3C and 3D is the buffer 40 in a so-called Operating condition shown. In this case there are the movable means 44 and 44.1 in their operating position, i.e. they protrude into the path of the elevator car 45 and the Counterweight. The buffer 40 is at least partly between the elevator car track and the track of the counterweight. Illustrative is in the figures 3A and 3C the projection K4 of the floor 45.2 of the Elevator car 45 and the projection G4 the bottom of the Counterweight shown.

When in use, there is mechanical contact Elevator car 45 with the damper 44.1 of the buffer 40, as soon as the elevator car 45 a first predetermined distance Z4 falls below with respect to the bottom 48. In the shown embodiment sits the elevator car 45 a lower edge on the damper 44.1, as in Fig. 3D shown. The buffer 40 is therefore eccentrically loaded. If necessary, this can be done in the lower area A temporary protection zone will be created at the shaft.

The buffer 40 with the movable means 44, 44.1 is so designed and arranged that in use also a mechanical contact with the counterweight occurs when that Counterweight the predetermined distance Z4 with respect to the Bottom 48 falls below. The counterweight is in the Figures 3A to 3D are not visible because it is at the top Is at the shaft end when the elevator car 45 is at lower shaft end.

3B, the buffer 40 is shown in the normal state. Since in the normal state the movable means 44, 44.1 of the Buffer 40 not in the path of the bottom 45.2 of the Elevator car 45 protrude, the elevator car 45 can Approach landing door 47 of the lower floor without one establish mechanical contact with the buffer 40. It is noted that in the condition shown Distance D between one at the elevator car 45 attached angle 45.1 (buffer stop) and the movable Means 44.1 exist. In the situation shown in Fig. 3B can an entry or exit through the cabin door 46 and the Landing door 47 take place.

If the bottom one is run over Stop position of the elevator car 45 down (not in the 3A to 3D shown), so there is a mechanical Contact of the angle 45.1 that is on the elevator car 45 is attached, with the means 44 or the stronger Base element 43 of the buffer 40 designed in a damper. As a result, the elevator car 45 can be braked in an "emergency" and be stopped. It is noted that when driving over the lowest stop position of the elevator car 45 the Damper 44.1 are not used because the angle 45.1 makes direct contact with the agent 44. The buffer 40 is therefore in the middle of such an "emergency".

When the movable means 44 and 44.1 the normal position take, then the top one is run over Stop position of the elevator car 45 upwards thereby prevents an angle or another protruding element on the landing door 47 facing side of the counterweight make contact with the movable means 44 of the buffer 40. This too leads to a central loading of the buffer 40.

For illustration, FIGS. 3A and 3C are each with dashed lines a projection K4.1 of the angle 45.1 and a projection G4.1 of said angle or protruding element on the counterweight, respectively projected onto the shaft floor, shown.

To create a protection zone, the buffer 40 is removed from the Normal state converted to the operational state, whereby the happens by moving the movable means 44 into the tracks of the floor 45.2 of the elevator car 45 or the underside the counterweight are rotated (Fig. 3C and 3D). The necessary change can be made, for example, by a (Key) switch or triggered electronically become. To create the temporary protection zone, the Elevator car 45 slowly moves down until it is on the Damper 44.1 touches down. A person can enter the protection zone enter through an opening in the landing door 47 and / or leave. The distance Z4 ensures sufficient Distance from the ground 48 to a safe and easy To enable work in the protection zone.

A temporary buffer can also be created using the same buffer 40 Protection zone created in the area of the upper shaft end become. However, this state is not shown in FIGS. 3A shown to 3D. To a protection zone at the top of the shaft create, the counterweight is prevented from the Distance between Z4 and floor 48 is less. As soon as that Counterweight on the damper 44.1 on the right side of the Movable means 44 is seated, the elevator car 45 at a fixed distance from the shaft head held. This creates a protection zone at the top Shaft end.

As indicated in Figures 1D and 1E, the Elevator car and the counterweight are not on the same Supported. The embodiments according to FIG. 2A-2D and 3A-3D can be modified accordingly by an appropriate adaptation of the forms of the movable means 34 and 44 and 44.1.

According to the invention, the buffer can be a Have damping characteristics that are specific to the application is adjusted. In the third embodiment Damper 44.1 used, which is a slightly damped Put on the elevator car 35 or the counterweight allow the movable means 44 when a protection zone to be created. The movable means 44 are so spared in operation. If the elevator car and / or that Counterweight at high speed on each Impact buffers - especially when driving over the bottom or top stop position of the elevator car on the other hand - then the damping characteristics come the base elements 12, 32 or 43 are used.

The buffers according to the invention can be prepared using special agents be equipped with an asymmetrical load allow without the buffer "buckling" or "evading".

For this purpose, the buffer can be wholly or partially with a surrounded by a corset-like element or by special means be led to due to the eccentric To compensate for bending moments occurring in the buffer load.

In part of the embodiments is the buffer completely between the elevator car and the counterweight arranged (see for example Fig. 3A).

In a further embodiment, the buffer element be arranged entirely or partially under the counterweight and acts directly on the counterweight. A movable one The buffer element then acts as required accordingly to the elevator car.

The cross section of the buffer can be chosen arbitrarily. Buffers 10 and 30 are generally round Cross section parallel to the floor of the elevator shaft. The In contrast, buffer 40 has 43 in the lower region, for example a square cross section.

Depending on the embodiment, a movement of the movable Buffer means electro-magnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic, manual, or by means of a servomotor respectively.

In a further embodiment, a pit set used that a drive / converter unit, a Speed limiter, an attachment for the Includes guide rails and the buffer. Thereby Installation in the elevator shaft is noticeably easier.

The present invention is also suitable for use in an elevator system in backpack disposition.

Due to the special arrangement and design of the buffer there is a reduced space requirement compared to conventional solutions.

The invention is particularly for use in Suitable elevator systems that have little or no Have pit and headroom heights.

It is an advantage of the invention that regulations for the Compliance with personal protection and the Construction costs or plant costs, depending on the design, can be significantly reduced.

The movable means 14, 14.1, 34, 44 and 44.1 can in Modified the scope of the invention in various ways become. They can be replaced by funds that come from a basic position can be folded out, swung out, slidable and / or rotatable and each in Paths of the elevator car and / or the counterweight are movable to the elevator car and / or that Counterweight at a distance above the ground support. The movable means can by a suitable Arrangement can also be designed so that the elevator car and the counterweight at different heights can be supported. They can be multi-part or too be designed in one piece.

Claims (15)

Elevator system with a buffer (10, 30, 40) for creating at least one protection zone, the elevator system comprising an elevator car (15, 35, 45) and a counterweight (23) for the elevator car and the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and the counterweight (23) can be moved along tracks (V _K , V _G ),
characterized in that the buffer (10, 30, 40) movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) which can be moved into the path (V _K ) of the elevator car (15, 35, 45),
and movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) which can be moved into the path (V _G ) of the counterweight (23). Elevator system according to claim 1, characterized in that
the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) can be brought into an operating position in which they are arranged such that
A mechanical contact between the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) and the elevator car (15, 35, 45) takes place when the elevator car (15, 35, 45) has a first predetermined distance (Z1.1, Z3, Z4 ) with respect to a floor (18, 38, 48), and / or that
A mechanical contact between the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) and the counterweight (23) takes place when the counterweight (23) is a second predetermined distance (Z1.2, Z3, Z4) with respect to a floor (18, 38 , 48) falls below. Elevator system according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1), starting from the position of use, from the path (V _K ) of the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and / or the path (V _G ) of the counterweight (23) can be moved out. Elevator system according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) can be brought into a normal position in which they are arranged in such a way that
that there is no mechanical contact between the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) and the elevator car (45) when the elevator car (15, 35, 45) is the first predetermined distance (Z1.1, Z3, Z4) with respect to a Boden (18, 38, 48) falls below and that
there is no mechanical contact between the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) and the counterweight (23) when the counterweight (23) is the second predetermined distance (Z1.2, Z3, Z4) with respect to the floor (18, 38 , 48) falls below. Elevator system according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) are arranged in the operating position such that the mechanical contact between the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) and the elevator car (15 , 35, 45) can be implemented in such a way that the elevator car (15, 35, 45) is supported above the floor (18, 38, 48) and a protective zone between the floor (18, 38, 48) and the elevator car (15, 35, 45). Elevator system) according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) are arranged in the operating position such that the mechanical contact between the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) and the counterweight ( 23) can be implemented in such a way that the counterweight (23) is supported above the base (18, 38, 48). Elevator system according to claim 6, characterized in that the elevator car (15, 35, 45) is connected to the counterweight (23) by means of a suspension means (23.1) of such a length and the counterweight (23) can be supported at such a height above the floor is that there is a protection zone above the elevator car (15, 35, 45), this protection zone preferably being located between an upper region of the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and an upper end of an elevator shaft (11, 31, 41). Elevator installation according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the buffer (10, 30, 40) has a suitable damping characteristic in order to enable a soft touchdown when mechanical contact with the elevator car (15, 35, 45) or with the counterweight (23) is achieved
and or
that at least an upper part (13, 33, 43) of the buffer (10, 30, 40) is between a surface projection (K1, K3, K4) of the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and a surface projection (G1, G3, G4 ) of the counterweight (23)
and / or that the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) are fold-out means,
pivoting means, sliding means or rotating means. Elevator system according to claim 4, characterized in that a buffering element (12, 32, 43) is arranged such that it projects into the path (V _K ) of the elevator car (15, 35, 45) when the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) are brought into the normal position and that the buffering element (12, 32, 43) is designed such that the elevator car (15, 35, 45) with the buffering element (12, 32, 43 ) can be brought into mechanical contact and can be supported at a third distance above the ground (18, 38, 48), which is less than the first predetermined distance (Z1.1, Z3, Z4). Elevator system according to claim 4, characterized in that a buffering element (12, 32, 43) is arranged such that it protrudes into the path (V _G ) of the counterweight (23) when the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) are brought into the normal position, and that the buffering element (12, 32, 43) is designed such that the counterweight (23) can be brought into mechanical contact with the buffering element (12, 32, 43) and on a fourth distance above the ground can be supported, which is less than the second predetermined distance (Z1.2, Z3, Z4). Elevator system according to claim 9, characterized in that the buffer (10, 30, 40) serves as overrun protection, which by mechanical contact with the elevator car (15, 35, 45) the elevator car (15, 35, 45) when driving over a lowermost one Stop position in downward direction and stops. Elevator system according to claim 10, characterized in that it serves as overrun protection, which brakes and stops the counterweight (23) in the downward direction due to the mechanical contact with the counterweight (23) and thus the elevator car (15, 35, 45) when a top one is passed over Stop position in the upward direction and stops. The elevator installation according to claims 1-12, characterized in that the elevator car (45), the counterweight (23) and the buffer (40) are arranged in a pitless elevator shaft (41). Method for creating a protection zone in an elevator installation with a buffer (10, 30, 40), which has movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1), and with an elevator car (15, 35, 45), which also has a counterweight (23) is connected so that the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and the counterweight (23) can be moved along paths (V _K , V _G ), the method comprising the following steps: Moving the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) into the path (V _K ) of the elevator car (15, 35, 45) if there is a need for a protection zone below the elevator car (15, 35, 45), wherein the protection zone is created by a mechanical contact of the movable means (14, 34, 44, 44.1) with the elevator car (15, 35, 45), which ensures that a first predetermined distance between the elevator car (15, 35, 45) and a Bottom (18, 38, 48) ensures Moving the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) into the path (V _G ) of the counterweight (23) if there is a need for a protection zone above the elevator car (15, 35, 45), the protection zone being marked by a mechanical contact of the movable means (14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) with the counterweight (23) is created, which ensures compliance with a second predetermined distance between the counterweight (23) and the floor (18, 38, 38). The method according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises the following step: moving the movable means (14, 14.1, 34, 44, 44.1) out of the web (V _K , V _G ) if there is no need for a protection zone ,

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