EP2666930A1 - Floor structure - Google Patents

Floor structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2666930A1
EP2666930A1 EP13169034.9A EP13169034A EP2666930A1 EP 2666930 A1 EP2666930 A1 EP 2666930A1 EP 13169034 A EP13169034 A EP 13169034A EP 2666930 A1 EP2666930 A1 EP 2666930A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor structure
horizontal
cylinders
structure according
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13169034.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jérôme Kiefer
Olivier Frager
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nature Lodge
Original Assignee
Nature Lodge
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nature Lodge filed Critical Nature Lodge
Publication of EP2666930A1 publication Critical patent/EP2666930A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02177—Floor elements for use at a specific location
    • E04F15/02183—Floor elements for use at a specific location for outdoor use, e.g. in decks, patios, terraces, verandas or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02044—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02044—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer
    • E04F2015/0205—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer with load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer
    • E04F2015/02055—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer with load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer with additional supporting elements between furring elements and underlayer
    • E04F2015/02061—Separate elements for fastening to an underlayer with load-supporting elongated furring elements between the flooring elements and the underlayer with additional supporting elements between furring elements and underlayer adjustable perpendicular to the underlayer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floor structure, in particular forming a support for a terrace or a building floor.
  • a building requiring significant earthwork can not be built without additional cost, and above all, can not be built in places difficult to access or preserve, such as alpine sites, rural or coastal.
  • This structure without buried foundation elements is easily assembled and disassembled without heavy machinery and does not distort the landscape irreversibly.
  • Said structure may furthermore have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
  • the purlins are made of wood or metal.
  • Cylinders and cables are made of stainless steel.
  • the horizontal failures include longitudinal failures and transverse failures intersecting at right angles, the holding elements and jacks are arranged at the centers of the cross formed by the crossing of the longitudinal and transverse failures and a cable is attached to each of the branches of said crosses.
  • the cables include mechanical tensioners.
  • the cylinders are jacks and no screw.
  • the cylinders have on their lower end snagging soles.
  • the cylinders have a tapped hole at their upper end, which extends into at least an upper portion of the jack, in which is screwed a rod threaded, said threaded rod passing through the holding member and protruding upwards, and a post is fitted on the threaded rod.
  • the holding elements comprise cruciform retaining crosspieces, each cross branch comprises two parallel blades between which are inserted horizontal failures, and / or parallelepipedic studs, on the lateral faces of which are fixed parallel horizontal failures.
  • the holding element can then be the lower extremal portion of the post.
  • the invention also relates to a terrace and a building comprising a floor structure as previously mentioned.
  • the figure 1 shows the first step of obtaining the floor structure 1.
  • the first step is the arrangement on the ground of cylinders 3, and the adjustment of their height h, so that their upper ends are in the same horizontal plane.
  • Only one cylinder 3 is shown here, but generally a plurality of cylinders 3 is arranged in more or less regular pattern on the surface that will cover the floor structure 1 in the end.
  • the portion of structure 1 shown in the Figures 1 to 8 is developed around a single cylinder 3, and corresponds approximately to an elementary mesh, which, reproduced and translated generates the floor area desired by paving.
  • the cylinders 3 comprise a cylindrical body 31, telescopic, and whose height h is adjustable by means of threads (not visible) and rollers 33, from 60cm to 2,5m. At the lower and upper ends of each cylinder 3 are respectively arranged bottom plates 35 and upper 37. The plates 35, 37 have holes 39, for fixing elements to said plates 35, 37 by means of screws.
  • the cylinders 3 are arranged on selected ground support points, possibly reinforced by tamping the soil and / or gravel or rock layout.
  • the height adjustment makes it possible to counter a slope or unevenness of the ground (hump, hollow, etc.).
  • the lower plate 35 which comes into contact with the ground, may optionally comprise a traction plate (not shown) on its surface in contact with the ground.
  • a traction plate (not shown) on its surface in contact with the ground.
  • Such a sole comprises for example pins or claws to increase the resistance to the horizontal translation of the cylinder 3, or an extension of the bearing surface to avoid a depression of the structure 1 in loose soil. It is also possible to provide the sole of a vertical plug which is planted in the ground during the arrangement of the cylinders, for example cross section for optimum hold.
  • One embodiment of the jack 3 provides the arrangement of a tapped hole T in the upper plate 37, which extends in at least an upper portion of the cylindrical body 31 of the jack 3.
  • the figure 2 shows structure 1 at the end of the next step in the assembly process.
  • a holding member 5 is placed on the upper face of the upper plate 37 of the jack 3, and a threaded rod 7 is passed through said holding member 5.
  • the holding element here is a cruciform retaining brace 5, each of whose cross branches comprises two parallel blades 51, possibly including holes 53 to accommodate screws.
  • the dimensions of the spider 5 are in adequacy with the upper plate 37: the cross branches of the cross 5 form diagonals of the upper plate 37 of square shape.
  • a pad composed of a wooden parallelepiped, preferably treated against putrefaction and insects, for example by autoclaving or steaming with treatment agents.
  • the base of the stud 5 then corresponds approximately to the upper plate 37, so that the stud 5 covers all said plate 37.
  • the stud 5 has orifices, in which are placed screws for attachment to the holes 39 of the upper plate 37.
  • the holding spider or the stud 5 also comprises a central and through hole 55, through which the threaded rod 7 passes.
  • Said threaded rod 7 is a metal rod, of which an extremal portion comprises a thread, and screwed into the tapped hole T of the jack 3, in particular so as to sink into the tubular body of said cylinder 31 for better dissipation of bending or buckling forces of the threaded rod 7.
  • the threaded rod 7 passes in particular through the upper plate 37, and protrudes from the stud 5 or the spider 5 upwards.
  • the figure 3 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.
  • longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are arranged so as to intersect at the level of the holding elements 5.
  • the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are fixed to the branches of the cross 5 by insertion between the two parallel blades of a branch, and insertion of screws in the holes 39 , 53.
  • the purlins 9, 11 are then attached to both the spider by the holes 53 of the parallel blades 51, and the upper plate 37 of the cylinder 3 by the holes 39 at the corners of said plate 37.
  • the central hole 55 of the spider 5 may comprise a tapping cooperating with the threaded rod 7 to secure the cross 5 and the cylinder 3.
  • the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are here wooden boards of a length of the order of two and a half meters to three meters (2.5 to 3m), treated against putrefaction and against insects, for example by cooking autoclave or steaming. They have a width of about twenty centimeters and a thickness of a few centimeters. These dimensions are relatively standard and easily found in the trade.
  • two longitudinal faults 9 are fixed on opposite side faces of the stud 5, and extend horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the structure 1.
  • All or part of the purlins 9 can also be made of metal, for example aluminum or stainless steel.
  • metal for example aluminum or stainless steel.
  • Such a structure 1 with metal faults 9 is lighter and compact, and requires fewer screws to be laid.
  • Fixing longitudinal failures 9 to the stud 5 can for example be done by screwing.
  • the stud 5, placed between the longitudinal purlins 9, is a spacing element of said purlins 9 in that it defines the distance between the purlins 9 by its width.
  • the transverse failures 11 are then fixed by means for example of metal brackets to the longitudinal purlins 9.
  • Additional spacing elements may be provided at regular longitudinal intervals between the longitudinal purlins 9 to reinforce the structure 1.
  • the additional spacing elements may be studs 5 or half-wooden blocks screwed between the longitudinal failures 9, without cylinder 3 below.
  • the two longitudinal faults 9 extend until reaching the pad 5 and the cylinder 3 of the next mesh in the longitudinal axis, and are fixed to said pad 5 following.
  • a stud 5 can serve to fix the ends of up to four longitudinal faults 9 placed end to end, possibly being made longer, to allow the longitudinal connection of longitudinal failures 9 of successive elementary meshes.
  • Fixings of the longitudinal and transverse faults 9 may be reinforced by corner reinforcements, for example diagonal bars in the horizontal plane, forming a lattice, according to the subsequent use of the floor which will be arranged on the structure 1.
  • the transverse failures 11 extend until reaching the longitudinal defects 9 of the next mesh along the transverse axis, and are fixed to those -this.
  • cables 13 are stretched between the lower plate 35 of the cylinder 3, and the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11.
  • the cables 13 are attached on the one hand to the lower plate 35 of the cylinder 3, and on the other hand to the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11.
  • the connection can for example be made by means of hooks screwed into the purlins 9, 11, or many holes drilled in said purlins 9, 11 through which the cables 13 are passed.
  • the cables 13 are attached at a distance, respectively longitudinal and transverse, from the vertical of the lower plate 35 materialized by the holding element 5, so as to form a bracing of the purlins 9, 11 and the jack 3.
  • the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 intersect at right angles, forming a cross whose holding element 5 is the center.
  • the jack 3 is located vertically of the holding element 5, and therefore in the center of the cross formed by the purlins 9, 11.
  • the cables 13 are attached to each of the branches of the cross formed by the purlins 9, 11 .
  • the assembly is then subjected to a hyperstatic stress during the tensioning of the cables 13, stress which generates the bracing.
  • the attachment of the cables 13 may, in the context of a stud structure, be advantageously at the level of secondary spacing elements arranged between the longitudinal purlins 9, as previously described.
  • the cables 13 comprise in particular tensioners 15, for example metal ratchet system, for the tensioning of the cables 13. At the step considered, an at least partial tensioning is performed.
  • the figure 4 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.
  • secondary transverse failures 17 are arranged between the longitudinal failures 1, to complete a finer mesh of the structure 1. This step completes the assembly of the bearing structure itself.
  • All or part of the horizontal faults 9, 11, 17 can be made, alternatively, metal instead of wood. Secondary faults 17 may be longitudinal or even diagonal.
  • the figure 5 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.
  • a floor 19 is provided and fixed on the upper edges of the purlins 9, 11, 17.
  • the floor 19 is in the figures made of slats, said slats being for example planks, preferably of the same size and material as the breakdowns 9, 11, 17 for reasons of cost and logistics.
  • the floor may include panels or slabs, wood, plastic or metal according to the intended use.
  • the tension of the cables 13 can be increased to its maximum value in a final tensioning step.
  • the floor itself is finalized.
  • “terrace” modules consisting of one or more elementary meshes, without threaded rod 7 protruding, can be put end to end to obtain a floating terrace resting on the floor structure 1 such than previously described.
  • the figure 6 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process, in the particular case where the floor is surmounted by a building.
  • the posts 21 are parallelepipedal here, made of wood possibly treated as the purlins 9, 11, 17, and traversed right through by a longitudinal bore, of diameter corresponding to that of the threaded rods 7.
  • the threaded rod 7 has a thread over most of its height
  • the drilling can be made smooth, and of such diameter that the thread of the threaded rod 7 draws a tapping in the wood during assembly.
  • the post 21 thus fixed is braced by the cables 13 and the cylinder 3, the threaded rod 7 transmitting the forces.
  • the lower portion of the post 21 may comprise diagonal slits in which are inserted the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11, thus replacing the parallel blades 51 of the holding spider 5.
  • the holding spider 5 may comprise an upper portion that can be inserted into the post 21.
  • the figure 7 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.
  • partition elements 23 and finishing elements 25 are arranged on the posts 21.
  • the partition elements 23 are here boards, of the type used for the purlins 9, 11, 17, aligned in parallel so as to form a wall partition.
  • the partition elements may be plates or blades of wood, metal or plastic.
  • partition elements 23 may in particular be panels comprising windows, doors or windows, as it is known to achieve in the field of prefabricated buildings to mount (called "kit").
  • finishing elements 25 are here represented in the form of a corner covering, disposed on an edge of a post 21, connecting two partitions starting at right angles to the post 21.
  • the role of said finishing elements 25 is generally practical. and / or aesthetic.
  • Such finishing elements 25 may be cover elements, barriers, stairs, ramps, etc.
  • the figure 8 shows the paving of a floor surface from the repetition of an elementary mesh of floor structure 1 according to the invention.
  • the figure 8 is a top view of several elementary meshes placed end-to-end, one of them M being cut off.
  • the structure is shown without floor elements 19, posts 21 and partitions 23 for better visibility.
  • the cylinders 3, located under the holding elements 5, are invisible here.
  • the elementary mesh M considered comprises, in terms of substructure, a holding member 5 and the jack 3 carrying it.
  • the elementary mesh M considered also comprises the half-length of the longitudinal failures 9 to the holding elements 5 following and preceding along the longitudinal axis. It also includes the half length of the transverse failures 11 attached to half-lengths previously mentioned, to the longitudinal breakdowns 9 of the following and previous meshes along the transverse axis.
  • the elementary mesh M considered comprises secondary transverse failures 17 between the transverse failures 11 which belong to it and the half-length of secondary transverse failures 17 which it shares with the following and preceding meshes along the transverse axis.
  • the elementary mesh M obtained is square or rectangular in view from above, and thus makes it possible to pave a floor surface by repetition and translation.
  • the floor structure 1 provides a floating floor braced by the cables 13 and the cylinders 3, requiring very little earthwork.
  • the floor thus obtained is therefore easier to install and at a lower cost.
  • modules corresponding to one or more elementary meshes of structure 1 as represented in the preceding figures comprising specific elements, which, end-to-end, form a building : for example "corner” modules with post 21 forming a corner of the building, “single wall” modules, comprising a post 21 having on their upper part a wall through them forming a wall portion of the building, modules “pergola” , “Veranda”, or of course the “terrace” modules previously mentioned.
  • modules corresponding to predimensioned and preassembled functional spaces for example modules kitchen, bathroom, toilet, living room, etc.
  • modules which are advantageously stored and shipped as separate packages, and a set of finishing pieces, containing the elements for terminating ends of unconnected modules.
  • the building is then possibly surmounted by a frame and a roof and is thus completed.
  • buildings obtained can be dismantled without the use of heavy machinery, and especially without having to remove underground foundations, an action that profoundly distorts the environment following its dismantling.
  • buildings using the floor structure 1 according to the invention can easily be dismantled, leaving only a minimal footprint in the landscape.
  • the invention thus allows to create housing that combines the flexibility of construction of temporary structures and the comfort of hard structures.

Abstract

The structure (1) has a set of horizontal outages (9, 11) that forms a set of ground support elements. A set of holding elements (5) is placed with a crossing of the horizontal outages. A set of jacks (3) is arranged in a height adjustable manner. A set of lower ends of the set of jacks rest on the ground. A set of upper ends carries the holding elements. A set of cables (13) attached to the lower end and the outages is maintained in tension so as to form a wind-bracing for the outages and the jacks.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à une structure de plancher, en particulier formant support pour une terrasse ou un sol de bâtiment.The present invention relates to a floor structure, in particular forming a support for a terrace or a building floor.

Le terrassement préalable à la construction d'un bâtiment, ainsi que l'installation de fondations, requiert des engins lourds (pelleteuses, camions bennes, etc.) et dénature le sol et l'environnement du bâtiment en profondeur et pour une relativement longue durée.Earthworks prior to the construction of a building, as well as the installation of foundations, require heavy machinery (excavators, dump trucks, etc.) and denatures the soil and the environment of the building in depth and for a relatively long duration .

Dès lors, un bâtiment requérant un important travail de terrassement ne peut être construit sans surcoût, et surtout, ne pourra pas être construit dans des endroits difficiles d'accès ou à préserver, tels que des sites alpins, ruraux ou littoraux.Therefore, a building requiring significant earthwork can not be built without additional cost, and above all, can not be built in places difficult to access or preserve, such as alpine sites, rural or coastal.

Dès lors, il devient difficile et coûteux de construire des logements d'appoint, par exemple pour un site touristique souhaitant augmenter sa capacité d'accueil, tout en souhaitant proposer un confort supérieur au simple camping. Les travaux de terrassement, s'il est possible de faire venir les engins au site de construction, risquent de gâcher le paysage et le calme qui forment en général les attraits principaux de ce genre d'endroits.Therefore, it becomes difficult and expensive to build additional housing, for example for a tourist site wishing to increase its capacity, while wishing to offer a greater comfort than camping. Earthworks, if it is possible to bring the machines to the construction site, may spoil the landscape and the calm that generally form the main attractions of such places.

De même, lors de la destruction des bâtiments, les fondations sont coûteuses à retirer, et laissent souvent des traces qui restent visibles longtemps après que le bâtiment hors sol ait été rasé. Cet état de fait est incompatible avec l'aspect préservation des paysages, notamment dans le cas des logements d'appoints d'un site touristique.Similarly, in the destruction of buildings, foundations are expensive to remove, and often leave traces that remain visible long after the building above ground has been shaved. This state of affairs is incompatible with the aspect of landscape preservation, particularly in the case of tourist accommodation units.

Les éléments précédemment discutés sont pris en compte lors de la requête de permis de construire, dont la délivrance ou non limite fortement les possibilités de construire.The elements previously discussed are taken into account when applying for a building permit, the issuance of which or not strongly limits the possibilities of construction.

Afin de pallier au moins partiellement les défauts précédemment mentionnés l'invention a pour objet une structure de plancher comportant :

  • des pannes horizontales, formant support pour des éléments de sol,
  • des éléments de maintien, disposés entre les pannes horizontales et attachés à celles-ci,
caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en outre :
  • des vérins, de hauteur réglable, dont les extrémités inférieures reposent sur le sol, et dont les extrémités supérieures portent les éléments de maintien,
  • des câbles, attachés d'une part à l'extrémité inférieure d'un vérin et d'autre part à une panne horizontale, maintenus en tension de sorte à former un contreventement des pannes et des vérins.
In order to at least partially overcome the previously mentioned defects, the subject of the invention is a floor structure comprising:
  • horizontal failures forming a support for floor elements,
  • holding elements, arranged between and attached to the horizontal purlins,
characterized in that it further comprises:
  • cylinders, of adjustable height, whose lower ends rest on the ground, and whose upper ends carry the holding elements,
  • cables, attached on the one hand to the lower end of a cylinder and on the other hand to a horizontal failure, maintained in tension so as to form a bracing of the purlins and cylinders.

Cette structure sans éléments de fondations enterrés est aisément montée et démontée sans engin lourds et ne dénature pas le paysage de manière irréversible.This structure without buried foundation elements is easily assembled and disassembled without heavy machinery and does not distort the landscape irreversibly.

Ladite structure peut présenter en outre une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou en combinaison.Said structure may furthermore have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.

Les pannes sont réalisées en bois ou en métal.The purlins are made of wood or metal.

Les vérins et les câbles sont réalisés en acier inoxydable.Cylinders and cables are made of stainless steel.

Les pannes horizontales comprennent des pannes longitudinales et des pannes transversales se croisant à angle droit, les éléments de maintien et vérins sont disposés aux centres des croix formées par le croisement des pannes longitudinales et transversales et un câbles est attaché à chacune des branches desdites croix.The horizontal failures include longitudinal failures and transverse failures intersecting at right angles, the holding elements and jacks are arranged at the centers of the cross formed by the crossing of the longitudinal and transverse failures and a cable is attached to each of the branches of said crosses.

Les câbles comprennent des tendeurs mécaniques.The cables include mechanical tensioners.

Les vérins sont des vérins à molette et pas de vis.The cylinders are jacks and no screw.

Les vérins comportent sur leur extrémité inférieure des semelles d'accrochage.The cylinders have on their lower end snagging soles.

Les vérins comportent un trou taraudé à leur extrémité supérieure, qui se prolonge dans au moins une portion supérieure du vérin, dans lequel est vissée une tige filetée, ladite tige filetée traversant l'élément de maintien et dépassant vers le haut, et un poteau est emmanché sur la tige filetée.The cylinders have a tapped hole at their upper end, which extends into at least an upper portion of the jack, in which is screwed a rod threaded, said threaded rod passing through the holding member and protruding upwards, and a post is fitted on the threaded rod.

Les éléments de maintien comportent des croisillons de maintien cruciformes, dont chaque branche de croix comporte deux lames parallèles entre lesquelles sont insérées les pannes horizontales, et/ou des plots parallélépipédiques, sur les faces latérales desquelles sont fixées des pannes horizontales parallèles.The holding elements comprise cruciform retaining crosspieces, each cross branch comprises two parallel blades between which are inserted horizontal failures, and / or parallelepipedic studs, on the lateral faces of which are fixed parallel horizontal failures.

L'élément de maintien peut alors être la portion extrémale inférieure du poteau.The holding element can then be the lower extremal portion of the post.

L'invention a aussi pour objet une terrasse et un bâtiment comportant une structure de plancher telle que précédemment mentionnée.The invention also relates to a terrace and a building comprising a floor structure as previously mentioned.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante des figures, parmi lesquelles :

  • les figures 1 à 7 sont des schémas d'une portion de structure de plancher selon l'invention à différents stades de son assemblage,
  • la figure 8 illustre le pavage d'une surface à partir d'une maille élémentaire de structure de sol selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages will appear on reading the following description of the figures, among which:
  • the Figures 1 to 7 are diagrams of a floor structure portion according to the invention at different stages of its assembly,
  • the figure 8 illustrates the paving of a surface from an elementary mesh of soil structure according to the invention.

La figure 1 montre la première étape de l'obtention de la structure 1 de plancher.The figure 1 shows the first step of obtaining the floor structure 1.

La première étape est la disposition à même le sol de vérins 3, et le réglage de leur hauteur h, de sorte que leurs extrémités supérieures soient dans un même plan horizontal.The first step is the arrangement on the ground of cylinders 3, and the adjustment of their height h, so that their upper ends are in the same horizontal plane.

Un seul vérin 3 est ici représenté, mais de manière générale une pluralité de vérins 3 est disposée en motif plus ou moins régulier sur la surface que couvrira la structure de plancher 1 au final. La portion de structure 1 montrée dans les figures 1 à 8 est développée autour d'un seul vérin 3, et correspond environ à une maille élémentaire, qui, reproduite et translatée génère la surface de plancher désirée par pavage.Only one cylinder 3 is shown here, but generally a plurality of cylinders 3 is arranged in more or less regular pattern on the surface that will cover the floor structure 1 in the end. The portion of structure 1 shown in the Figures 1 to 8 is developed around a single cylinder 3, and corresponds approximately to an elementary mesh, which, reproduced and translated generates the floor area desired by paving.

Les vérins 3 comprennent un corps cylindrique 31, télescopique, et dont la hauteur h est réglable au moyen de pas de vis (non visibles) et de molettes 33, de 60cm à 2,5m. Aux extrémités inférieure et supérieure de chaque vérin 3 sont respectivement disposés des plateaux inférieurs 35 et supérieurs 37. Les plateaux 35, 37 comportent des perçages 39, permettant la fixation d'éléments audit plateaux 35, 37 au moyen de vis.The cylinders 3 comprise a cylindrical body 31, telescopic, and whose height h is adjustable by means of threads (not visible) and rollers 33, from 60cm to 2,5m. At the lower and upper ends of each cylinder 3 are respectively arranged bottom plates 35 and upper 37. The plates 35, 37 have holes 39, for fixing elements to said plates 35, 37 by means of screws.

Les vérins 3 sont disposés sur des points d'appui au sol sélectionnés, éventuellement renforcés par tassage du sol et/ou disposition de gravier ou roche. En réglant la hauteur h des vérins 3, il est possible d'ajuster la hauteur au sol finale de la structure de plancher 1, et donc du plancher obtenu au final. En particulier, le réglage en hauteur permet de contrer une déclivité ou irrégularité du sol (bosse, creux, etc).The cylinders 3 are arranged on selected ground support points, possibly reinforced by tamping the soil and / or gravel or rock layout. By adjusting the height h of the cylinders 3, it is possible to adjust the final floor height of the floor structure 1, and thus the floor obtained in the end. In particular, the height adjustment makes it possible to counter a slope or unevenness of the ground (hump, hollow, etc.).

Le plateau inférieur 35, qui vient au contact du sol, peut éventuellement comporter une semelle d'adhérence (non représentée) sur sa surface en contact avec le sol. Une telle semelle comporte par exemple des picots ou griffes pour augmenter la résistance à la translation horizontale du vérin 3, ou bien une extension de la surface d'appui pour éviter un enfoncement de la structure 1 en sol meuble. Il est aussi possible de pourvoir la semelle d'une fiche verticale qui est plantée dans le sol lors de la disposition des vérins, par exemple a section en croix pour une tenue optimale.The lower plate 35, which comes into contact with the ground, may optionally comprise a traction plate (not shown) on its surface in contact with the ground. Such a sole comprises for example pins or claws to increase the resistance to the horizontal translation of the cylinder 3, or an extension of the bearing surface to avoid a depression of the structure 1 in loose soil. It is also possible to provide the sole of a vertical plug which is planted in the ground during the arrangement of the cylinders, for example cross section for optimum hold.

Un mode de réalisation du vérin 3 prévoit l'aménagement d'un trou taraudé T dans le plateau supérieur 37, qui se prolonge dans au moins une portion supérieure du corps cylindrique 31 du vérin 3.One embodiment of the jack 3 provides the arrangement of a tapped hole T in the upper plate 37, which extends in at least an upper portion of the cylindrical body 31 of the jack 3.

La figure 2 montre la structure 1 à la fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage.The figure 2 shows structure 1 at the end of the next step in the assembly process.

Dans ladite étape, un élément de maintien 5 est posé sur la face supérieure du plateau supérieur 37 du vérin 3, et une tige filetée 7 est passée à travers ledit élément de maintien 5.In said step, a holding member 5 is placed on the upper face of the upper plate 37 of the jack 3, and a threaded rod 7 is passed through said holding member 5.

L'élément de maintien est ici un croisillon de maintien 5 cruciforme, dont chaque branche de croix comporte deux lames 51 parallèles, comportant éventuellement des perçages 53 pour accueillir des vis. Les dimensions du croisillon 5 sont en adéquation avec le plateau supérieur 37 : les branches de croix du croisillon 5 forment des diagonales du plateau supérieur 37 de forme carrée.The holding element here is a cruciform retaining brace 5, each of whose cross branches comprises two parallel blades 51, possibly including holes 53 to accommodate screws. The dimensions of the spider 5 are in adequacy with the upper plate 37: the cross branches of the cross 5 form diagonals of the upper plate 37 of square shape.

Dans le cas d'une structure utilisant des croisillons 5 tels que représentés, les deux extrémités d'une même panne longitudinale 9 ou transversale 11 sont en prise avec les croisillons 5 des deux mailles adjacentes que ladite panne 9, 11 relie.In the case of a structure using braces 5 as shown, the two ends of the same longitudinal or transverse failure 11 are engaged with the braces 5 of the two adjacent meshes that said failure 9, 11 connects.

Alternativement au croisillon de maintien, il est possible d'utiliser comme élément de maintien 5 un plot composé d'un parallélépipède de bois, préférentiellement traité contre la putréfaction et les insectes, par exemple par cuisson autoclave ou étuvage avec des agents de traitement. La base du plot 5 correspond alors approximativement au plateau supérieur 37, de sorte que le plot 5 recouvre tout ledit plateau 37. Le plot 5 comporte des orifices, dans lesquels sont placés des vis pour la fixation aux perçages 39 du plateau supérieur 37.Alternatively to the retaining brace, it is possible to use as a holding element 5 a pad composed of a wooden parallelepiped, preferably treated against putrefaction and insects, for example by autoclaving or steaming with treatment agents. The base of the stud 5 then corresponds approximately to the upper plate 37, so that the stud 5 covers all said plate 37. The stud 5 has orifices, in which are placed screws for attachment to the holes 39 of the upper plate 37.

Le croisillon de maintien ou le plot 5 comporte aussi un trou 55 central et traversant, à travers lequel est passée la tige filetée 7. Ladite tige filetée 7 est une tige métallique, dont une portion extrémale comporte un pas de vis, et vissée dans le trou taraudé T du vérin 3, en particulier de sorte à s'enfoncer dans le corps tubulaire dudit 31 vérin 3 pour une meilleure dissipation d'efforts de flexion ou flambage de la tige filetée 7. La tige filetée 7 traverse en particulier le plateau supérieur 37, et dépasse du plot 5 ou du croisillon 5 vers le haut.The holding spider or the stud 5 also comprises a central and through hole 55, through which the threaded rod 7 passes. Said threaded rod 7 is a metal rod, of which an extremal portion comprises a thread, and screwed into the tapped hole T of the jack 3, in particular so as to sink into the tubular body of said cylinder 31 for better dissipation of bending or buckling forces of the threaded rod 7. The threaded rod 7 passes in particular through the upper plate 37, and protrudes from the stud 5 or the spider 5 upwards.

La figure 3 montre la structure 1 telle qu'elle est en fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage.The figure 3 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.

Dans ladite étape, des pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11 sont disposées de manière à se croiser au niveau des éléments de maintien 5.In said step, longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are arranged so as to intersect at the level of the holding elements 5.

Dans le cadre d'un mode de réalisation comprenant un croisillon de maintien 5, les pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11 sont fixées aux branches du croisillon 5 par insertion entre les deux lames parallèles d'une branche, et insertion de vis dans les perçages 39, 53. Les pannes 9, 11 sont alors fixées à la fois au croisillon par les perçages 53 des lames parallèles 51, et au plateau supérieur 37 du vérin 3 par les perçages 39 aux coins dudit plateau 37. En outre, le trou central 55 du croisillon 5 peut comprendre un taraudage coopérant avec la tige filetée 7 pour solidariser le croisillon 5 et le vérin 3.In the context of an embodiment comprising a holding spider 5, the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are fixed to the branches of the cross 5 by insertion between the two parallel blades of a branch, and insertion of screws in the holes 39 , 53. The purlins 9, 11 are then attached to both the spider by the holes 53 of the parallel blades 51, and the upper plate 37 of the cylinder 3 by the holes 39 at the corners of said plate 37. In addition, the central hole 55 of the spider 5 may comprise a tapping cooperating with the threaded rod 7 to secure the cross 5 and the cylinder 3.

Les pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11 sont ici des planches en bois d'une longueur de l'ordre de deux mètres et demi à trois mètres (2,5 à 3m), traitées contre la putréfaction et contre les insectes, par exemple par cuisson autoclave ou étuvage. Elles ont une largeur d'environ vingt centimètres pour une épaisseur de quelques centimètres. Ces dimensions sont relativement standard et aisément trouvables dans le commerce.The longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 are here wooden boards of a length of the order of two and a half meters to three meters (2.5 to 3m), treated against putrefaction and against insects, for example by cooking autoclave or steaming. They have a width of about twenty centimeters and a thickness of a few centimeters. These dimensions are relatively standard and easily found in the trade.

En alternative, dans le cadre de l'utilisation d'un plot 5, deux pannes longitudinales 9 sont fixées sur des faces latérales opposées du plot 5, et s'étendent horizontalement dans le sens longitudinal de la structure 1.Alternatively, in the context of the use of a stud 5, two longitudinal faults 9 are fixed on opposite side faces of the stud 5, and extend horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the structure 1.

Tout ou partie des pannes 9 peut aussi être réalisé en métal, par exemple en aluminium ou acier inoxydable. Une telle structure 1 à pannes 9 métalliques est plus légère et compacte, et nécessite moins de vis pour être posée.All or part of the purlins 9 can also be made of metal, for example aluminum or stainless steel. Such a structure 1 with metal faults 9 is lighter and compact, and requires fewer screws to be laid.

La fixation des pannes longitudinales 9 au plot 5 peut par exemple se faire par vissage. Le plot 5, placé entre les pannes longitudinales 9, est un élément d'espacement desdites pannes 9 en ce qu'il définit l'écart entre les pannes 9 par sa largeur. Les pannes transversales 11 sont alors fixées au moyen par exemple d'équerres métalliques aux pannes longitudinales 9.Fixing longitudinal failures 9 to the stud 5 can for example be done by screwing. The stud 5, placed between the longitudinal purlins 9, is a spacing element of said purlins 9 in that it defines the distance between the purlins 9 by its width. The transverse failures 11 are then fixed by means for example of metal brackets to the longitudinal purlins 9.

Des éléments d'espacement additionnels (non représentés), de même largeur que le plot 5, peuvent être prévus à intervalle longitudinal régulier entre les pannes longitudinales 9 pour renforcer la structure 1. Par exemple, les éléments d'espacement additionnel peuvent être des plots 5 ou demi-plots en bois vissés entre les pannes longitudinales 9, sans vérin 3 en dessous.Additional spacing elements (not shown), of the same width as the stud 5, may be provided at regular longitudinal intervals between the longitudinal purlins 9 to reinforce the structure 1. For example, the additional spacing elements may be studs 5 or half-wooden blocks screwed between the longitudinal failures 9, without cylinder 3 below.

Dans le cadre de la mise bout-à-bout de mailles élémentaires de structure 1 en utilisant des plots, les deux pannes longitudinales 9 se prolongent jusqu'à atteindre le plot 5 et le vérin 3 de la maille suivante dans l'axe longitudinal, et sont fixées audit plot 5 suivant. En particulier, un plot 5 peut servir à fixer les extrémités de jusqu'à quatre pannes longitudinales 9 mises bout à bout, éventuellement en étant réalisé plus long, pour permettre le raccord longitudinal des pannes longitudinales 9 de de mailles élémentaires successives.As part of the end-to-end placement of elementary meshes of structure 1 using pads, the two longitudinal faults 9 extend until reaching the pad 5 and the cylinder 3 of the next mesh in the longitudinal axis, and are fixed to said pad 5 following. In particular, a stud 5 can serve to fix the ends of up to four longitudinal faults 9 placed end to end, possibly being made longer, to allow the longitudinal connection of longitudinal failures 9 of successive elementary meshes.

Les fixations des pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11 peuvent être renforcées par des renforts de coin, par exemple des barres diagonales dans le plan horizontal, formant un treillis, selon l'utilisation ultérieure du plancher qui sera disposé sur la structure 1.Fixings of the longitudinal and transverse faults 9 may be reinforced by corner reinforcements, for example diagonal bars in the horizontal plane, forming a lattice, according to the subsequent use of the floor which will be arranged on the structure 1.

Dans le cadre de la mise bout-à-bout de mailles élémentaires de structure 1 telle que représentée, les pannes transversales 11 se prolongent jusqu'à atteindre les pannes longitudinales 9 de la maille suivante selon l'axe transversal, et sont fixées à celles-ci.In the context of the end-to-end placement of elementary meshes of structure 1 as shown, the transverse failures 11 extend until reaching the longitudinal defects 9 of the next mesh along the transverse axis, and are fixed to those -this.

En outre, des câbles 13 sont tendus entre le plateau inférieur 35 du vérin 3, et les pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11.In addition, cables 13 are stretched between the lower plate 35 of the cylinder 3, and the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11.

Les câbles 13 sont attachés d'une part au plateau inférieur 35 du vérin 3, et d'autre part aux pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11. La liaison peut par exemple se faire au moyen de crochets vissés dans les pannes 9, 11, ou bien de trous percés dans lesdites pannes 9, 11 à travers lesquels les câbles 13 sont passés.The cables 13 are attached on the one hand to the lower plate 35 of the cylinder 3, and on the other hand to the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11. The connection can for example be made by means of hooks screwed into the purlins 9, 11, or many holes drilled in said purlins 9, 11 through which the cables 13 are passed.

En particulier, les câbles 13 sont attachés à une certaine distance, respectivement longitudinale et transversale, de la verticale du plateau inférieur 35 matérialisée par l'élément de maintien 5, de sorte à former un contreventement des pannes 9, 11 et du vérin 3.In particular, the cables 13 are attached at a distance, respectively longitudinal and transverse, from the vertical of the lower plate 35 materialized by the holding element 5, so as to form a bracing of the purlins 9, 11 and the jack 3.

Les pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11 se croisent à angle droit, formant une croix dont l'élément de maintien 5 est le centre. Le vérin 3 est situé à la verticale de l'élément de maintien 5, et donc au centre de la croix formée par les pannes 9, 11. Les câbles 13 sont attachés à chacune des branches de la croix formée par les pannes 9, 11. L'ensemble est alors soumis à une contrainte hyperstatique lors de la mise en tension des câbles 13, contrainte qui génère le contreventement.The longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11 intersect at right angles, forming a cross whose holding element 5 is the center. The jack 3 is located vertically of the holding element 5, and therefore in the center of the cross formed by the purlins 9, 11. The cables 13 are attached to each of the branches of the cross formed by the purlins 9, 11 . The assembly is then subjected to a hyperstatic stress during the tensioning of the cables 13, stress which generates the bracing.

L'attachement des câbles 13 peut, dans le cadre d'une structure à plots, se faire avantageusement au niveau d'éléments d'espacement secondaires disposés entre les pannes longitudinales 9, tels que précédemment décrits.The attachment of the cables 13 may, in the context of a stud structure, be advantageously at the level of secondary spacing elements arranged between the longitudinal purlins 9, as previously described.

Les câbles 13 comportent en particulier des tendeurs 15, par exemple métalliques avec système à cliquet, pour la mise en tension des câbles 13. À l'étape considérée, une mise en tension au moins partielle est effectuée.The cables 13 comprise in particular tensioners 15, for example metal ratchet system, for the tensioning of the cables 13. At the step considered, an at least partial tensioning is performed.

La figure 4 montre la structure 1 telle qu'elle est en fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage.The figure 4 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.

Dans ladite étape, des pannes transversales secondaires 17 sont disposées entre les pannes longitudinales 1, pour compléter un maillage plus fin de la structure 1. Cette étape termine l'assemblage de la structure portante à proprement parler.In said step, secondary transverse failures 17 are arranged between the longitudinal failures 1, to complete a finer mesh of the structure 1. This step completes the assembly of the bearing structure itself.

Tout ou partie des pannes horizontales 9, 11, 17 peuvent être réalisées, en alternative, en métal en lieu et place du bois. Les pannes secondaires 17 peuvent encore être longitudinales ou même diagonales.All or part of the horizontal faults 9, 11, 17 can be made, alternatively, metal instead of wood. Secondary faults 17 may be longitudinal or even diagonal.

La figure 5 montre la structure 1 telle qu'elle est en fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage.The figure 5 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.

Dans ladite étape, un plancher 19 est apporté et fixé sur les tranches supérieures des pannes 9, 11, 17. Le plancher 19 est sur les figures réalisé en lattes, lesdites lattes étant par exemple des planches, préférentiellement de même dimensions et matériau que les pannes 9, 11, 17 pour des raisons de prix de revient et de logistique. En alternative ou en combinaison, le plancher peut comporter des panneaux ou des dalles, en bois, en plastique ou en métal selon l'utilisation prévue.In said step, a floor 19 is provided and fixed on the upper edges of the purlins 9, 11, 17. The floor 19 is in the figures made of slats, said slats being for example planks, preferably of the same size and material as the breakdowns 9, 11, 17 for reasons of cost and logistics. Alternatively or in combination, the floor may include panels or slabs, wood, plastic or metal according to the intended use.

Une fois les éléments de sol 19 fixés, la tension des câbles 13 peut être portée à sa valeur maximale dans une étape de mise en tension finale.Once the floor elements 19 are fixed, the tension of the cables 13 can be increased to its maximum value in a final tensioning step.

Suite à cette étape, le plancher en lui-même est finalisé. En particulier, il est prévu de réaliser ainsi des modules « terrasse », composés d'une ou plusieurs mailles élémentaires, sans tige filetée 7 dépassante, pouvant être mis mises bout à bout pour obtenir une terrasse flottante reposant sur la structure de plancher 1 telle que précédemment décrite.Following this step, the floor itself is finalized. In particular, it is intended to thus achieve "terrace" modules, consisting of one or more elementary meshes, without threaded rod 7 protruding, can be put end to end to obtain a floating terrace resting on the floor structure 1 such than previously described.

La figure 6 montre la structure 1 telle qu'elle est en fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage, dans le cas particulier ou le plancher est surmonté d'un bâtiment.The figure 6 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process, in the particular case where the floor is surmounted by a building.

Dans ladite étape, des poteaux 21 sont emmanchés sur les tiges filetées 7.In said step, posts 21 are fitted on the threaded rods 7.

Les poteaux 21 sont ici parallélépipédiques, en bois éventuellement traité comme les pannes 9, 11, 17, et traversés de part en part par un perçage longitudinal, de diamètre correspondant à celui des tiges filetées 7.The posts 21 are parallelepipedal here, made of wood possibly treated as the purlins 9, 11, 17, and traversed right through by a longitudinal bore, of diameter corresponding to that of the threaded rods 7.

Dans le cas de figure ou la tige filetée 7 comporte un filetage sur la majeure partie de sa hauteur, il est possible de dimensionner le perçage des poteaux 21 de sorte que le poteau 21 soit en prise avec le filetage sur au moins une portion de sa hauteur. En particulier, si les poteaux 21 sont en bois, le perçage peut être réalisé lisse, et de diamètre tel que le pas de vis de la tige filetée 7 alèse un taraudage dans le bois lors de l'assemblage.In the case where the threaded rod 7 has a thread over most of its height, it is possible to dimension the drilling of the posts 21 so that the post 21 is engaged with the thread on at least a portion of its height. In particular, if the posts 21 are made of wood, the drilling can be made smooth, and of such diameter that the thread of the threaded rod 7 draws a tapping in the wood during assembly.

Le poteau 21 ainsi fixé est contreventé par les câbles 13 et le vérin 3, la tige filetée 7 transmettant les efforts.The post 21 thus fixed is braced by the cables 13 and the cylinder 3, the threaded rod 7 transmitting the forces.

Il est possible de réaliser les poteaux 21 et les éléments de maintien 5 d'une seule pièce, un croisillon ou plot 5 étant alors la portion extrémale inférieure d'un poteau 21. Les éléments de sol 19 sont alors découpés de sorte à détourer au plus près les poteaux 21 qui traversent le plan du sol.It is possible to make the posts 21 and the holding elements 5 in one piece, a spider or stud 5 then being the lower extremal portion of a post 21. The floor elements 19 are then cut so as to cut out at the end. closer to the posts 21 which cross the plane of the ground.

En particulier, la portion inférieure du poteau 21 peut comporter des fentes diagonales dans lesquelles sont insérées les pannes longitudinales 9 et transversales 11, remplaçant ainsi les lames 51 parallèles du croisillon de maintien 5.In particular, the lower portion of the post 21 may comprise diagonal slits in which are inserted the longitudinal 9 and transverse failures 11, thus replacing the parallel blades 51 of the holding spider 5.

En alternative, le croisillon de maintien 5 peut comprendre une portion supérieure encastrable dans le poteau 21.Alternatively, the holding spider 5 may comprise an upper portion that can be inserted into the post 21.

La figure 7 montre la structure 1 telle qu'elle est en fin de l'étape suivante dans le procédé d'assemblage.The figure 7 shows the structure 1 as it is at the end of the next step in the assembly process.

Dans ladite étape, des éléments de cloison 23 et des éléments de finition 25 sont disposés sur les poteaux 21.In said step, partition elements 23 and finishing elements 25 are arranged on the posts 21.

Les éléments de cloison 23 sont ici des planches, du type utilisé pour les pannes 9, 11, 17, alignées parallèlement de sorte à former une cloison murale. Alternativement, les éléments de cloison peuvent être des plaques ou lames en bois, métal ou plastique.The partition elements 23 are here boards, of the type used for the purlins 9, 11, 17, aligned in parallel so as to form a wall partition. Alternatively, the partition elements may be plates or blades of wood, metal or plastic.

En particulier, il est possible prévoir une double cloison, avec une couche d'isolation entre deux épaisseurs d'éléments de cloison 23. Les éléments de cloison 23 peuvent en particulier être des panneaux comportant des fenêtre, portes ou baies vitrées, comme il est connu d'en réaliser dans le domaine des bâtiments préfabriqués à monter (dits « en kit »).In particular, it is possible to provide a double partition, with an insulation layer between two thicknesses of partition elements 23. The partition elements 23 may in particular be panels comprising windows, doors or windows, as it is known to achieve in the field of prefabricated buildings to mount (called "kit").

Les éléments de finition 25 sont ici représentés sous forme de couverture de coin, disposée sur une arête d'un poteau 21, faisant raccord entre deux cloisons partant à angle droit du poteau 21. Le rôle desdits éléments de finition 25 est de manière générale pratique et/ou esthétique. De tels éléments de finition 25 peuvent être des éléments de couverture, des barrières, des escaliers, des rampes d'accès, etc.The finishing elements 25 are here represented in the form of a corner covering, disposed on an edge of a post 21, connecting two partitions starting at right angles to the post 21. The role of said finishing elements 25 is generally practical. and / or aesthetic. Such finishing elements 25 may be cover elements, barriers, stairs, ramps, etc.

La figure 8 montre le pavage d'une surface de sol à partir de la répétition d'une maille élémentaire de structure de plancher 1 selon l'invention.The figure 8 shows the paving of a floor surface from the repetition of an elementary mesh of floor structure 1 according to the invention.

La figure 8 est une vue de dessus de plusieurs mailles élémentaires mises bout-à-bout, une d'entre elles M étant détourée. La structure est représentée sans éléments de sol 19, poteaux 21 et cloisons 23 pour une meilleure visibilité. Les vérins 3, situés sous les éléments de maintien 5, sont invisibles ici.The figure 8 is a top view of several elementary meshes placed end-to-end, one of them M being cut off. The structure is shown without floor elements 19, posts 21 and partitions 23 for better visibility. The cylinders 3, located under the holding elements 5, are invisible here.

La maille élémentaire M considérée comprend, en terme de sous-structure, un élément de maintien 5 et le vérin 3 le portant. La maille élémentaire M considérée comporte aussi la demi-longueur des pannes longitudinales 9 jusqu'aux éléments de maintien 5 suivant et précédent selon l'axe longitudinal. Elle comprend aussi la demi longueur des pannes transversales 11 attachées aux demi-longueurs précédemment mentionnées, jusqu'aux pannes longitudinales 9 des mailles suivante et précédente selon l'axe transversal.The elementary mesh M considered comprises, in terms of substructure, a holding member 5 and the jack 3 carrying it. The elementary mesh M considered also comprises the half-length of the longitudinal failures 9 to the holding elements 5 following and preceding along the longitudinal axis. It also includes the half length of the transverse failures 11 attached to half-lengths previously mentioned, to the longitudinal breakdowns 9 of the following and previous meshes along the transverse axis.

Enfin la maille élémentaire M considérée comporte les pannes transversales secondaires 17 entre les pannes transversales 11 qui lui appartiennent et la demi-longueur des pannes transversales secondaires 17 qu'elle partage avec les mailles suivante et précédente selon l'axe transversal.Finally the elementary mesh M considered comprises secondary transverse failures 17 between the transverse failures 11 which belong to it and the half-length of secondary transverse failures 17 which it shares with the following and preceding meshes along the transverse axis.

La maille élémentaire M obtenue est carrée ou rectangulaire en vue de haut, et permet donc de paver une surface de sol par répétition et translation.The elementary mesh M obtained is square or rectangular in view from above, and thus makes it possible to pave a floor surface by repetition and translation.

La structure de plancher 1 selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un plancher flottant contreventé par les câbles 13 et les vérins 3, ne nécessitant que très peu de travaux de terrassement. Le plancher ainsi obtenu est donc installable plus aisément et à moindre frais.The floor structure 1 according to the invention provides a floating floor braced by the cables 13 and the cylinders 3, requiring very little earthwork. The floor thus obtained is therefore easier to install and at a lower cost.

Il est possible de réaliser à partir de la structure 1 précédemment décrite des modules correspondant à une ou plusieurs mailles élémentaires de structure 1 telle que représentées sur les figures précédentes, comportant des éléments spécifiques, qui, mis bout-à-bout, forment un bâtiment: par exemple des modules « coin » à poteau 21 formant un angle du bâtiment, des modules « mur simple », comportant un poteau 21 ayant sur leur partie supérieure une cloison les traversant formant une portion de mur du bâtiment, des modules « pergola », « véranda », ou bien sûr les modules « terrasse » précédemment mentionnés.It is possible to produce from the structure 1 previously described modules corresponding to one or more elementary meshes of structure 1 as represented in the preceding figures, comprising specific elements, which, end-to-end, form a building : for example "corner" modules with post 21 forming a corner of the building, "single wall" modules, comprising a post 21 having on their upper part a wall through them forming a wall portion of the building, modules "pergola" , "Veranda", or of course the "terrace" modules previously mentioned.

Il est aussi possible de réaliser des modules correspondant à des espaces fonctionnels prédimensionnés et préassemblés, par exemple des modules cuisine, salle de bain, toilettes, salon, etc. En particulier, il est alors possible de concevoir un bâtiment très simplement par adjonction de modules, qui sont avantageusement stockés et expédiés sous forme de paquets séparés, et d'un ensemble de pièces de finition, contenant les éléments pour la terminaison d'extrémités de modules non raccordées.It is also possible to produce modules corresponding to predimensioned and preassembled functional spaces, for example modules kitchen, bathroom, toilet, living room, etc. In particular, it is then possible to design a building very simply by adding modules, which are advantageously stored and shipped as separate packages, and a set of finishing pieces, containing the elements for terminating ends of unconnected modules.

Le bâtiment est alors éventuellement surmonté d'une charpente et d'un toit et est ainsi achevé.The building is then possibly surmounted by a frame and a roof and is thus completed.

Les bâtiments obtenus peuvent être démontés sans recourir à des engins lourds, et surtout sans avoir à retirer des fondations souterraines, action qui dénature profondément l'environnement à la suite de son démontage. De manière générale, les bâtiments utilisant la structure de plancher 1 selon l'invention peuvent aisément être démontés, et ne laissent alors qu'une empreinte minimale dans le paysage.The buildings obtained can be dismantled without the use of heavy machinery, and especially without having to remove underground foundations, an action that profoundly distorts the environment following its dismantling. In general, buildings using the floor structure 1 according to the invention can easily be dismantled, leaving only a minimal footprint in the landscape.

Afin de réduire encore d'avantage l'empreinte écologique desdits bâtiments, ceux-ci peuvent avantageusement être équipés d'installation minimisant les rejets et prélèvements vers et de l'extérieur. Par exemple, on peut prévoir d'utiliser des toilettes sèches, un système de récupération et de recyclage d'eau (en particulier de pluie), des panneaux solaires et/ou des éoliennes afin de minimiser l'impact du bâtiment sur son environnement au cours de son utilisation.To further reduce the ecological footprint of said buildings, they can advantageously be equipped with installation minimizing discharges and withdrawals to and from the outside. For example, dry toilets, a system for the recovery and recycling of water (particularly rain), solar panels and / or wind turbines can be used to minimize the building's impact on its environment. during its use.

En outre, le fait que la structure de plancher 1 et le bâtiment qu'elle porte peuvent être démontés en ne laissant des traces que minimales permet de s'affranchir de permis de construire, ce qui donne une plus grande souplesse dans le choix du lieu de construction.In addition, the fact that the floor structure 1 and the building it carries can be dismantled leaving only minimal traces allows to get rid of building permits, which gives greater flexibility in the choice of place of construction.

L'invention permet donc de créer des logements qui allient la souplesse de construction des structures temporaires et le confort des structures en dur.The invention thus allows to create housing that combines the flexibility of construction of temporary structures and the comfort of hard structures.

Claims (13)

Structure de plancher, comportant : - des pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales, formant support pour des éléments de sol (19), - des éléments de maintien (5), disposées au croisement de pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales et attachées à celles-ci, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en outre : - des vérins (3), de hauteur (h) réglable, dont les extrémités inférieures (35) reposent sur le sol, et dont les extrémités supérieures (37) portent les éléments de maintien (5), - des câbles (13), attachés d'une part à l'extrémité inférieure (35) d'un vérin et d'autre part à une panne (9, 11, 17) horizontale, maintenus en tension de sorte à former un contreventement des pannes (9, 11, 17) et des vérins (3). Floor structure, comprising: horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) forming a support for floor elements (19), holding elements (5) disposed at the intersection of horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) and attached thereto, characterized in that it further comprises: - cylinders (3), height ( h ) adjustable, whose lower ends (35) rest on the ground, and whose upper ends (37) carry the holding elements (5), - cables (13), attached on the one hand to the lower end (35) of a cylinder and on the other hand to a failure (9, 11, 17) horizontal, held in tension so as to form a bracing failures (9, 11, 17) and jacks (3). Structure de plancher selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les pannes (9, 11, 17) sont réalisées en bois ou en métal.Floor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the purlins (9, 11, 17) are made of wood or metal. Structure de plancher selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les vérins (3) et les câbles (13) sont réalisés en acier inoxydable.Floor structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cylinders (3) and the cables (13) are made of stainless steel. Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les pannes horizontales (9, 11, 17) comprennent des pannes longitudinales (9) et des pannes transversales (11), se croisant à angle droit, en ce que les éléments de maintien (5) et vérins (3) sont disposés aux centres des croix formées par le croisement des pannes longitudinales (9) et transversales (11) et en ce qu'un câble est est attaché à chacune des branches desdites croix.Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the horizontal purlins (9, 11, 17) comprise longitudinal purlins (9) and transverse purlins (11) intersecting at right angles, in that the holding elements (5) and cylinders (3) are arranged at the centers of the cross formed by the crossing of longitudinal (9) and transverse (11) and that a cable is attached to each of the branches of said crosses. Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de maintien (5) comportent des croisillons de maintien cruciformes, dont chaque branche de croix comporte deux lames (51) parallèles entre lesquelles sont insérées les pannes horizontales (9, 11, 17).Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding elements (5) have cruciform retaining braces, each branch of the cross has two blades (51) parallel to which are inserted horizontal purlins (9, 11, 17). Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments de maintien (5) comportent des plots parallélépipédiques, sur les faces latérales desquelles sont fixées des pannes horizontales (9, 11, 17) parallèles.Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding elements (5) comprise parallelepipedic pads, on the lateral faces of which are fixed parallel horizontal faults (9, 11, 17). Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les câbles (13) comprennent des tendeurs mécaniques (15).Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cables (13) comprise mechanical tensioners (15). Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les vérins (3) sont des vérins à molette (33) et pas de vis.Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinders (3) are wheel cylinders (33) and no screw. Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les vérins (3) comportent sur leur extrémité inférieure (35) des semelles d'accrochage.Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinders (3) have on their lower end (35) gripping soles. Structure de plancher selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les vérins (3) comportent un trou taraudé (T) à leur extrémité supérieure (37), qui se prolonge dans au moins une portion supérieure du vérin (3), dans lequel est vissée une tige filetée (7), ladite tige filetée (7) traversant l'élément de maintien (5) et dépassant vers le haut, et en ce qu'un poteau (21) est emmanché sur la tige filetée (7).Floor structure according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinders (3) comprise a threaded hole ( T ) at their upper end (37), which extends into at least an upper portion of the jack (3), in which is screwed a threaded rod (7), said threaded rod (7) passing through the holding element (5) and protruding upwards, and in that a post (21) is fitted on the threaded rod (7). ). Structure de plancher selon la revendication 10, caractérisée en ce que l'élément de maintien (5) est la portion extrémale inférieure du poteau (21).Floor structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the holding element (5) is the lower end portion of the post (21). Terrasse, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une structure de plancher, comportant : - des pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales, formant support pour des éléments de sol (19), - des éléments de maintien (5), disposés au croisement de pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales et attachés à celles-ci, - des vérins (3), de hauteur (h) réglable, dont les extrémités inférieures (35) reposent sur le sol, et dont les extrémités supérieures (37) portent les éléments de maintien (5), - des câbles (13), attachés d'une part à l'extrémité inférieure (35) d'un vérin et d'autre part à une panne (9, 11, 17) horizontale, maintenus en tension de sorte à former un contreventement des pannes (9, 11, 17) et des vérins (3). Terrace, characterized in that it comprises a floor structure, comprising: horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) forming a support for floor elements (19), - holding elements (5), arranged at the intersection of horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) and attached thereto, - cylinders (3), height ( h ) adjustable, whose lower ends (35) rest on the ground, and whose upper ends (37) carry the holding elements (5), - cables (13), attached on the one hand to the lower end (35) of a cylinder and on the other hand to a failure (9, 11, 17) horizontal, held in tension so as to form a bracing failures (9, 11, 17) and jacks (3). Bâtiment caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une structure de plancher comportant : - des pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales, formant support pour des éléments de sol (19), - des éléments de maintien (5), disposés au croisement de pannes (9, 11, 17) horizontales et attachés à celles-ci, - des vérins (3), de hauteur (h) réglable, dont les extrémités inférieures (35) reposent sur le sol, et dont les extrémités supérieures (37) portent les éléments de maintien (5), - des câbles (13), attachés d'une part à l'extrémité inférieure (35) d'un vérin et d'autre part à une panne (9, 11, 17) horizontale, maintenus en tension de sorte à former un contreventement des pannes (9, 11, 17) et des vérins (3). Building characterized in that it comprises a floor structure comprising: horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) forming a support for floor elements (19), - holding elements (5), arranged at the intersection of horizontal faults (9, 11, 17) and attached thereto, - cylinders (3), height ( h ) adjustable, whose lower ends (35) rest on the ground, and whose upper ends (37) carry the holding elements (5), - cables (13), attached on the one hand to the lower end (35) of a cylinder and on the other hand to a failure (9, 11, 17) horizontal, held in tension so as to form a bracing failures (9, 11, 17) and jacks (3).
EP13169034.9A 2012-05-25 2013-05-23 Floor structure Withdrawn EP2666930A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1201517A FR2990968B1 (en) 2012-05-25 2012-05-25 FLOOR STRUCTURE

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EP2666930A1 true EP2666930A1 (en) 2013-11-27

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104895282A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-09-09 来宝根 Improved building floor keel installation structure and construction method
CN104746843B (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-12-07 李代碧 A kind of keel structure on the building floor of detachable adjustable height
CN107965118A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-04-27 上海品宅装饰科技有限公司 A kind of circular steel bracket for making somebody a mere figurehead load-bearing panel
CN111997301A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-11-27 上海开装建筑科技有限公司 Supporting piece, supporting device and supporting system for floor overhead

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US3606704A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-09-21 Resilient Services Inc Elevated floor structure
US4277923A (en) * 1979-10-18 1981-07-14 Unistrut Corporation Support pedestal assembly for a raised floor system
US5025598A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-06-25 Centro Progettazioni Coordinate S.R.L. Modular structure for parking lots, particularly suitable for temporary parking lots
US6427403B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2002-08-06 Nicholas C. Tambakis Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite structural system for decks, docks, boardwalks, walkways, spa decks, hot tub decks and gazebos and components therefore and method of making same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB755735A (en) * 1953-10-20 1956-08-29 Fisher & Ludlow Ltd Improvements in or relating to frameworks for use in supporting floors, platforms and other structures
US3606704A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-09-21 Resilient Services Inc Elevated floor structure
US4277923A (en) * 1979-10-18 1981-07-14 Unistrut Corporation Support pedestal assembly for a raised floor system
US5025598A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-06-25 Centro Progettazioni Coordinate S.R.L. Modular structure for parking lots, particularly suitable for temporary parking lots
US6427403B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2002-08-06 Nicholas C. Tambakis Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composite structural system for decks, docks, boardwalks, walkways, spa decks, hot tub decks and gazebos and components therefore and method of making same

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104746843B (en) * 2015-04-08 2016-12-07 李代碧 A kind of keel structure on the building floor of detachable adjustable height
CN104895282A (en) * 2015-04-13 2015-09-09 来宝根 Improved building floor keel installation structure and construction method
CN107965118A (en) * 2017-11-06 2018-04-27 上海品宅装饰科技有限公司 A kind of circular steel bracket for making somebody a mere figurehead load-bearing panel
CN111997301A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-11-27 上海开装建筑科技有限公司 Supporting piece, supporting device and supporting system for floor overhead

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FR2990968A1 (en) 2013-11-29
MA34875B1 (en) 2014-02-01
FR2990968B1 (en) 2014-07-11

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