EP3411531B1 - Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground - Google Patents

Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3411531B1
EP3411531B1 EP17706573.7A EP17706573A EP3411531B1 EP 3411531 B1 EP3411531 B1 EP 3411531B1 EP 17706573 A EP17706573 A EP 17706573A EP 3411531 B1 EP3411531 B1 EP 3411531B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
box
panel
central box
interface element
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EP17706573.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3411531A1 (en
Inventor
Thierry MARQUET
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Chevalier Francois
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Individual
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Priority to SI201730296T priority Critical patent/SI3411531T1/en
Publication of EP3411531A1 publication Critical patent/EP3411531A1/en
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Publication of EP3411531B1 publication Critical patent/EP3411531B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of anchoring an object to the ground.
  • the present invention belongs to the field of ground anchoring without concrete.
  • the present invention makes it possible to fix masts or lower parts of buildings having at their base a fixing plate.
  • a concrete foundation structure can be made using precast concrete blocks.
  • precast concrete blocks are limited due to the masses to be transported and handled on a site.
  • the handling of concrete blocks requires for example a hydraulic lift and a heavy tonnage truck.
  • a foundation structure can also be made with concrete poured in place.
  • the mass is no longer really a constraint but a delay is necessary for the hardening of the concrete, which is highly likely to slow down or even interrupt the work.
  • the concrete solution is therefore expensive, not ecological, and its durability is difficult to control.
  • the device presented in this document intended to be buried, comprises two substantially parallel plates connected by a central spacer and perpendicular to said two plates; the plate-spacer connections are reinforced by gussets distributed around the periphery of the spacer.
  • the objects to be anchored are connected to the device by a post passing through a hollow part of the spacer according to the height of the device.
  • This device is suitable for buildings of small dimensions. When a deeper anchorage is desired, an additional element is provided for lengthening the spacer and therefore the total height of the device.
  • the disadvantage of this device is that it needs to be buried and to carry out a search which can be of significant depth. Furthermore, it has no significant self-weight and has a low resistance to tearing off, in particular in soil with low cohesion, for example dry sand.
  • the anchoring device of the present invention provides an economical and ecological alternative to already existing anchoring devices, in particular to buried anchoring devices using concrete.
  • the ground anchoring device comprises an interface element to which a building to be anchored to the ground must be fixed, as well as a modular boxed structure.
  • the interface element is fixed to an upper part of the box structure.
  • the boxed structure also comprises at least two buffer cylinders of annular section, a buffer cylinder being placed on each of the box studs holding the panels of the central box between them, between a fixing connecting the element of the interface to the central box, in order to allow an adjustment of the flexibility of the device by tightening or loosening of said fixing.
  • the at least three panels of the central box on the one hand and the at least two additional panels of the at least one side box on the other hand are held together by clevis junctions.
  • the protrusions of a panel can thus be inserted into one of the two grooves of another panel to form a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.
  • two of the at least two additional panels are attached to the panel of the central box each by means of a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.
  • the panels have pre-drilled holes.
  • At least one panel is bent.
  • the panels are all identical.
  • the manufacturing process for the panels is therefore identical, which allows production costs to be limited.
  • the panels have ribs stiffening the box structure, which saves material for mechanical performance equivalent to that of thicker, non-ribbed panels.
  • the panels are made of a polymeric material, at least in part, for example polypropylene or polyethylene and derived materials.
  • This type of material is lighter than other conventional materials of the concrete type for example, facilitating in particular its implementation, and is not very sensitive to the acidity of the soil, which contributes to the durability of the device in the event of installation. in which said device is buried.
  • the polymer materials have good rigidity for all of the targeted applications.
  • material having good rigidity is understood here to mean a material which does not deform appreciably when it is subjected to the stresses involved in the intended applications, in all cases the material does not leave its zone of elasticity.
  • the bottom of the central box is formed by a perforated plate placed between said central box and the base plate; which has an opening under said perforated tray; said central box, base plate and perforated plate being held together.
  • the perforated tray ensures water drainage, or, conversely, balances the hydrostatic pressure between the inside and the outside of the central box.
  • the perforated tray is made of a polymeric material, such as for example high density polyethylene or nylon.
  • a water-porous fabric is placed above the perforated tray on the inside of the central box.
  • the central box is closed at both ends, making the central box waterproof and avoiding drainage.
  • the interface element comprises a rigid base to which is fixed an extension intended to support a fastening system.
  • the interface element comprises a lower plate constituting the rigid base, and an upper plate, said plates being substantially parallel to each other and connected by a set of partitions forming the riser and perpendicular interface studs to the planes of said plates, said interface studs being threaded at least at their ends.
  • the interface element comprises a lower plate constituting the rigid base to which a tubular riser is fixed.
  • anti-vibration washers are placed on the structure at the connection points between the boxed structure and the other constituent elements of the device.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a building attached to at least one device according to the invention.
  • the building is connected to the interface element by means of a fixing plate.
  • filling of the box (es) of the device is carried out by means of a heavy filling.
  • the device can then be placed directly on the ground and filled, for example, with sandbags or pebbles.
  • the targeted applications are then generally temporary: sporting events for example.
  • a dig is dug beforehand in the ground in which the device is placed.
  • the caisson (s) are then filled with soil elements extracted during the digging of the excavation.
  • the device is then buried at least partially.
  • An external force applied to the building is transmitted to the device via the interface element, it is distributed over the entire boxed structure through the interface element.
  • the natural pressure exerted by the elements of the ground accumulated around the device create a restraint for tearing, sinking, rotation and tilting.
  • the base plate provides a seat for the structure.
  • the boxed structure comprises at least one additional lateral box.
  • the presence of at least one additional lateral box makes it possible to distribute the forces more between the boxes, thus reducing the stresses undergone by each of the boxes.
  • top, bottom, upper, lower, vertical, horizontal must be understood in the common sense given to them by a user of the device having to place said device in or on the ground.
  • the device according to the invention as illustrated in the Figure 1a , comprises in the lower part a boxed structure 10 and in the upper part an interface element 20 fixed to said boxed structure 10 at an upper end of said boxed structure.
  • the central box 11 determines the hollow volume of generally cylindrical shape with a vertical axis and is formed by an assembly of panels 15.
  • the central box 11 comprises four vertical panels of the same dimensions assembled together and determining a substantially square section at the hollow volume 111.
  • the panels 15 making up the central box 11 are curved.
  • a central box can thus have a substantially cylindrical shape of circular section. Central boxes formed by this type of curved panels are advantageously used in boreholes.
  • each of the panels 15 constituting the central box 11 is equipped on each of its vertical edges with yokes 151 spaced apart and distributed over the edge considered and whose openings are aligned to determine a vertical axis.
  • the yokes 151 on the two vertical edges of the panel in question are arranged in staggered rows so that when two identical panels are juxtaposed by a vertical edge, the yokes of one panel are inserted with the yokes of the other panel with the respective openings aligned.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to produce a clevis junction between the two panels by a box stud 30 which passes through the aligned openings of the clevis plates of the two panels.
  • a distance between two screeds on an edge of the panel corresponds substantially to a height of the screed opposite on the other edge so that the yokes in the junction produced are substantially contiguous and form an assembly of the piano hinge type which is particularly resistant when the box stud 30 threaded at least at its ends is inserted into the yokes aligned beforehand to constitute assembly.
  • junctions therefore each form a column made up of at least two materials: the material of the yokes and that of the box stud 30 passing through them.
  • the materials making up these junctions are solid steel for the box studs 30 and polyethylene for the yokes 151, thus ensuring at said junction good mechanical characteristics, in particular compressive strength, tensile elasticity and torsional elasticity.
  • the vertical panels are fixed in a lower part of the central box 11 in the center of the base plate 12 in a horizontal position, having the shape of a four-pointed star, so as to form a bottom to said central box.
  • the base plate 12 ensures shape stability of the central box and constitutes a support surface of the device as will be understood in the following description.
  • assembly holes 122 are formed in the base plate 12 into which the box studs 30 are inserted to fix the vertical panels 15 on said base plate 12.
  • the panels making up the central box have pre-drilled holes 112 for the passage of electrical sheaths.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for buildings requiring an electrical supply, for example a candelabrum.
  • the interface element 20 provides the interface between the box structure 10 and a building 91 to be fixed.
  • the interface element 20 is a structure formed by a rigid base 22 preferably having the shape of a plate, to which is fixed a riser 23 intended to support a fastening system, for example a securing system of pinning type or a plate crossed by a set of studs.
  • the interface element 20 comprises an upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22 substantially parallel to one another in the example illustrated and fixed together by radial partitions 23 forming an extension, and interface pins 24, in a direction axial perpendicular to the planes of said plates.
  • the Figure 3a illustrates isolated the interface element implemented in the example embodiment of the Figures 1a and 1b .
  • the partitions 23 and the interface studs 24 are made of metal, taking into account the foreseeable forces to be taken up when the device is used, and are welded to the plates.
  • the upper plate 21 receives and maintains the building to be fixed by means of interface studs 24.
  • the building is held at the interface element 20 by nuts.
  • the bottom plate 22 is crossed by the box studs 30 at the level of holes 25 adjusted to said box studs, allowing the central box 11 to be fixed to the interface element 20 by nuts 31 placed on the threaded ends of said studs. box.
  • the Figure 3b illustrates the interface element 20 in an alternative embodiment, in which said interface element comprises a lower plate 22 having substantially the shape of a star with three branches, and a tubular extension 23 of cylindrical section.
  • the riser 23 is fixed at a lower end to the lower plate 22, and a lashing system is fixed at an upper end of said riser.
  • Each branch of the lower plate 22 has a hole allowing the fixing of said plate to a central box 11 of a shape adapted to the interface element 20.
  • the base plate 12 has an opening 121 covered by a perforated plate 13 forming the bottom of the central box 11.
  • the base plate 12 has the opening 121 at its center.
  • the perforated plate 13 has dimensions greater than the opening 121 and is fixed between the central box 11 and the base plate 12, above the hollowed out part.
  • the bottom of the central box 11 is then formed by the perforated plate 13.
  • the assembly is crossed by the box studs 30 of the central box 11 which are inserted into the holes 122 of the base plate and the holes 131 of the plate perforated, then tightened by nuts 31 to ensure fixing.
  • the Figure 5 is an illustration of the perforated tray in this alternative embodiment.
  • the perforated tray ensures, when the device is used, the drainage of water that can be introduced into the central box, for example runoff water or vice versa to allow filling of phreatic water and thus balance the hydrostatic pressures between the inside and outside of the box.
  • a fabric porous with water making it possible to retain the earth, for example a thick geotextile.
  • a tight closure is implemented in the upper part of the central box 11, making it possible to seal said central box 11 once the device has been implemented.
  • two lateral boxes 14 each determining a hollow volume 141 are arranged on two opposite sides of a central box 11 similar to the central box of the first mode and fixed to a base plate 12.
  • Each lateral box 14 determines a hollow volume 141 of generally cylindrical shape with a vertical axis, of triangular section, and is formed by an assembly of panels 15.
  • the two lateral boxes 14 are produced by using panels 15 of the same type and preferably identical to those constituting the central box 11.
  • the panels 15 comprise, on their outer face, two generally cylindrical grooves 152 of vertical axis arranged on either side of said outer face, parallel to the vertical edges.
  • the vertical sides of the panels 15 are provided with generally cylindrical protrusions 153 of vertical axis.
  • the dimensions of the grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 are such that said protrusions 153 can be inserted into said grooves 152 to form a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.
  • grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 are coordinated so as not to hinder the establishment of the connections capable of connecting two panels 15.
  • the Figure 4 shows the grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 of the panels 15 in this embodiment.
  • two side panels are attached to the base panel of the central box each by means of a sliding pivot type mechanical connection, formed by the grooves 152 of the base panel and the protrusions 153 of the side panels.
  • the positions of the two side panels can then be adjusted vertically and in rotation to allow the fixing of said two side panels by means of box studs 30 inserted in the openings of the aligned screeds as in the connection of the panels of the central box to maintain said two side panels together.
  • Each lateral box 14 is linked to a panel of the central box 11.
  • the base plate 12 has the shape of a four-pointed star.
  • a hole secondary 123 is arranged at the end of each of these branches to receive the box studs 30 inserted into the openings of the aligned yokes of the side panels of a side box 14. Nuts 31 tighten the assembly.
  • the additional boxes formed have a substantially triangular equilateral section resulting from their structures formed by three similar panels.
  • the shape of the central box and the side boxes is of course not limited to the shapes illustrated.
  • the central and lateral boxes can for example be formed from curved panels.
  • the bottom of the central box 11 is formed by a base plate 12 and a perforated plate 13 to allow drainage of the water from said central box 11 or the balance of hydrostatic pressures between the inside and outside of said central box 11 when the device is put in place.
  • the device according to the invention assembled, said device is placed in an excavation dug in the ground and arranged for this purpose.
  • the excavation must have a flat bottom. It is preferably covered with a layer of about 10cm of loose sand.
  • the excavation is in the illustrated configuration deep enough to leave a withdrawal of about 5cm between an upper plate 21 of the interface element 20 and the natural soil once the device is installed.
  • the horizontality of the device can then be checked.
  • the excavation is then plugged in at the same time as the boxes are filled so that the entire device is surrounded and filled with constituent elements of the soil 90, for example earth or sand; the soil is then packed.
  • constituent elements of the soil 90 for example earth or sand
  • the constituent elements of the ground can be linked by a binder of hydraulic or pozzolanic type for example, to allow a better anchoring of the device in the ground and thus allow the device to support heavy buildings or of great height.
  • the Figure 12 represents the device buried in the embodiment of the Figure 2 .
  • the ground consists of earth, without however limiting the use of the device to this sole constitution of the ground.
  • Interface studs 24 are the only elements of the device to come out of the ground.
  • a building 91 to be anchored to the ground, for example of the candelabra type, will be fixed to the interface element 20 by means of a fixing plate crossed by the interface studs 24.
  • the assembly may be tightened by nuts 31.
  • the dimensions of the interface element 20 are adapted according to the manufacturing standards for the buildings to be anchored, for example the manufacturing standard for mast plates, for optimum fixing.
  • the vertical forces undergone by the building 91 are transmitted essentially on the lower part of the boxes 11, 14 and on the base plate 12 of the device, while the horizontal forces are transmitted essentially on the upper part of the device box.
  • the screed junctions play an important role in the device according to the invention by giving it good flexibility and thus allowing absorption of the forces transmitted from the building 91 to the device. “Good flexibility” is understood to mean the property that the device has of deforming under significant forces without leaving its elastic range.
  • the interface element 20 is dimensioned structurally to transmit the forces which will be applied to the structure anchored to the ground by the device.
  • its rigidity will be such that the interface element 20 will not deform appreciably under the forces applied, in any case said interface element 20 will not leave its elastic range.
  • the interface element 20 is made of metal such as a steel protected against corrosion.
  • anti-vibration washers are placed at the connection points between the box studs 30 and the box structure 10.
  • the implementation of these anti-vibration washers will make it possible to limit the vibrations due for example to wind or to rolling. vehicles, which vibrations are likely to damage the device at the connection points.
  • the device according to the invention can be adapted as a function of the dimensions of the building 91 to be anchored there, typically its mass and or its height.
  • a buffer cylinder 32 with annular section, preferably made of composite polyurethane, is advantageously placed on the box studs 30, as illustrated on the Figures 10 and 11 .
  • the buffer cylinder 32 is placed below the fixing between box stud 30 and interface element 20, and separated from a nut of the fixing by a steel washer 33.
  • the length at rest of the buffer cylinder 32 is approximately 85mm.
  • the buffer cylinder is compressed so that its length is then about 80mm.
  • the buffer cylinder 32 makes it possible to modify the flexibility of the device and thus to adapt the device to the building 91 which must be anchored therein or to the nature of the ground intended to receive said building.
  • Significant tightening of the fasteners between interface element 20 and box studs 30 makes it possible to reduce the torsional elasticity of the device, allowing the installation of a heavy or very tall building 91. In the same way, a slight tightening makes it possible to increase the torsional elasticity of the device, making said device more suitable for a light building 91 or of little height.
  • the hardness of the buffer cylinder (32) is preferably substantially equal to 90 Shore A.
  • the buffer cylinder is embedded in the upper yoke of the yoke junction associated with the box stud 30 on which the buffer cylinder is implemented.
  • the buffer cylinder is thus mechanically protected and protected from UV rays, in the case where the device according to the invention is not intended to be buried.
  • This arrangement also makes it possible to increase the contact surface of the buffer cylinder with the box stud 30, and thus to better distribute the forces undergone by the building.
  • the device is not buried, or not fully buried, and all or part of the stability of the anchoring is ensured by the weight of the device when the boxes are filled with a heavy material .
  • the side boxes 14 allows a better distribution of the stresses.
  • the number, shape and relative dimensions of the side boxes may be different from the embodiments described.
  • the central box can be of non-square section and be formed for example with an assembly of three or more than four vertical panels without departing from the invention.
  • the Figure 9a shows possible configurations of arrangement of boxes in an embodiment comprising a central box 11 of square section and at most four side boxes 14 triangular.
  • the number of boxes can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the building to be anchored to the ground, in particular its weight and height.
  • Figure 9b shows possible configurations of box arrangement in two alternative embodiments in which respectively the side boxes are of square section and the central box 11 is of hexagonal section.
  • the faces of the central boxes 11 and or side 14 and of the base panel 12 are ribbed.
  • the ribbed panels 15 of the boxes 11 and or lateral 14 or of the base panel can have mechanical properties equivalent to that of thicker ribbed boxes, thus allowing a saving in mass and therefore a cost saving, and a easier handling of said panels 15.
  • the central box 11 is filled with earth or any other constituent element of the soil in which said box is buried, then closed at its two ends in order to ensure a seal and avoid drainage.
  • the invention is therefore a practical, economical and ecological alternative to the anchoring devices currently existing on the market, in particular concrete devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention appartient au domaine de l'ancrage d'un objet au sol.The present invention belongs to the field of anchoring an object to the ground.

Plus particulièrement, la présente invention appartient au domaine de l'ancrage au sol sans béton.More particularly, the present invention belongs to the field of ground anchoring without concrete.

Plus particulièrement, la présente invention permet de fixer des mâts ou des parties basses d'édifices présentant à leur base une platine de fixation.More particularly, the present invention makes it possible to fix masts or lower parts of buildings having at their base a fixing plate.

ETAT DE L'ARTSTATE OF THE ART

Traditionnellement, les ouvrages sont fixés au sol par des fondations, le plus souvent des structures béton utilisées pour ancrer des ouvrages présentant une prise au vent importante ou exigeant une stabilité suffisante.Traditionally, the structures are fixed to the ground by foundations, most often concrete structures used to anchor structures having a significant wind resistance or requiring sufficient stability.

Une structure de fondation en béton peut être réalisée à l'aide de blocs de béton préfabriqués. Toutefois, une telle solution est limitée en raison des masses devant être transportées et manipulées sur un site. La manipulation des blocs de béton nécessitent par exemple un élévateur hydraulique et un camion de fort tonnage.A concrete foundation structure can be made using precast concrete blocks. However, such a solution is limited due to the masses to be transported and handled on a site. The handling of concrete blocks requires for example a hydraulic lift and a heavy tonnage truck.

Une structure de fondation peut également être réalisée par un béton coulé en place. Dans ce cas, la masse n'est plus réellement une contrainte mais un délai est nécessaire au durcissement du béton, ce qui est fortement susceptible de ralentir voire d'interrompre les travaux.A foundation structure can also be made with concrete poured in place. In this case, the mass is no longer really a constraint but a delay is necessary for the hardening of the concrete, which is highly likely to slow down or even interrupt the work.

Par ailleurs, le béton présente d'autres inconvénients :

  • il demande beaucoup d'eau et n'est pas écologique,
  • en cas de démontage de l'édifice, et en raison des coûts liés à l'extraction des blocs de béton, ces derniers sont fréquemment laissés sur place, engendrant une pollution des sols,
  • les cycles de gel et dégel du sol peuvent entraîner des fissures dans le béton pouvant conduire à une oxydation et à une désolidarisation des fers pris dans le béton,
  • la qualité d'un béton et sa résistance sont très sensibles à ses conditions de mise en œuvre,
  • il est difficile de connaître l'état du béton une fois le bloc enterré.
In addition, concrete has other disadvantages:
  • it requires a lot of water and is not ecological,
  • in case of dismantling of the building, and due to the costs linked to the extraction of concrete blocks, these are frequently left on site, causing soil pollution,
  • the freezing and thawing cycles of the soil can cause cracks in the concrete which can lead to oxidation and separation of the irons caught in the concrete,
  • the quality of a concrete and its resistance are very sensitive to its conditions of implementation,
  • it is difficult to know the condition of the concrete once the block is buried.

La solution béton est donc coûteuse, non écologique, et sa pérennité est difficilement contrôlable.The concrete solution is therefore expensive, not ecological, and its durability is difficult to control.

Pour des édifices de dimensions plus modestes ou destinés à un usage temporaire, d'autres structures existent telle que celle exposée dans la demande de brevet européen numéro EP 0 682 152 A1 .For buildings of more modest dimensions or intended for temporary use, other structures exist such as that set out in European patent application number EP 0 682 152 A1 .

Le dispositif présenté dans ce document, destiné à être enterré, comprend deux plaques sensiblement parallèles reliées par une entretoise centrale et perpendiculaire auxdites deux plaques ; les liaisons plaques-entretoise sont renforcées par des goussets répartis sur le pourtour de l'entretoise. Les objets à ancrer sont reliés au dispositif par un poteau traversant une partie creuse de l'entretoise suivant la hauteur du dispositif.The device presented in this document, intended to be buried, comprises two substantially parallel plates connected by a central spacer and perpendicular to said two plates; the plate-spacer connections are reinforced by gussets distributed around the periphery of the spacer. The objects to be anchored are connected to the device by a post passing through a hollow part of the spacer according to the height of the device.

Ce dispositif s'avère adapté pour des édifices de petites dimensions. Lorsqu'un ancrage plus profond est souhaité, il est prévu un élément supplémentaire permettant d'allonger l'entretoise et donc la hauteur totale du dispositif. L'inconvénient de ce dispositif est qu'il nécessite d'être enterré et de réaliser une fouille pouvant être de profondeur importante. Par ailleurs, il n'a pas de poids propre significatif et présente une faible tenue à l'arrachement en particulier dans un sol à faible cohésion, par exemple du sable sec.This device is suitable for buildings of small dimensions. When a deeper anchorage is desired, an additional element is provided for lengthening the spacer and therefore the total height of the device. The disadvantage of this device is that it needs to be buried and to carry out a search which can be of significant depth. Furthermore, it has no significant self-weight and has a low resistance to tearing off, in particular in soil with low cohesion, for example dry sand.

Le document US 2015/308140 A1 décrit une structure similaire.The document US 2015/308140 A1 describes a similar structure.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSTATEMENT OF THE INVENTION

Le dispositif d'ancrage de la présente invention propose une alternative économique et écologique aux dispositifs d'ancrage déjà existant, en particulier aux dispositifs d'ancrage enterrés mettant en oeuvre du béton.The anchoring device of the present invention provides an economical and ecological alternative to already existing anchoring devices, in particular to buried anchoring devices using concrete.

Suivant l'invention, le dispositif d'ancrage au sol comporte un élément d'interface auquel doit être fixé un édifice à ancrer au sol, ainsi qu'une structure caissonnée modulaire. L'élément d'interface est fixé à une partie supérieure de la structure caissonnée.According to the invention, the ground anchoring device comprises an interface element to which a building to be anchored to the ground must be fixed, as well as a modular boxed structure. The interface element is fixed to an upper part of the box structure.

La structure caissonnée comporte :

  • un caisson central déterminant un volume creux sensiblement cylindrique résultant de l'assemblage d'au moins trois panneaux de caisson, lesdits panneaux étant maintenus entre eux par des bords verticaux, une face intérieure de chacun des panneaux étant équipée sur chacun de ses bords verticaux de chapes espacées et réparties sur le bord considéré et dont les ouvertures sont alignées pour déterminer un axe vertical, lesdites chapes sur les deux bords verticaux du panneau considéré étant agencées en quinconce de sorte que lorsque deux panneaux sont juxtaposés par un bord vertical, lesdites chapes d'un panneau s'intercalent avec lesdites chapes de l'autre panneau avec les ouvertures respectives alignées, permettant de réaliser ainsi une jonction chape entre lesdits panneaux à l'aide d'un goujon de caisson traversant les ouvertures alignées desdites chapes desdits panneaux ;
  • un panneau d'embase fixé à une partie inférieure dudit caisson central de sorte à former un fond au dit caisson central.
The boxed structure includes:
  • a central box determining a substantially cylindrical hollow volume resulting from the assembly of at least three box panels, said panels being held together by vertical edges, an inner face of each of the panels being equipped on each of its vertical edges with screeds spaced apart and distributed over the edge considered and whose openings are aligned to determine a vertical axis, said screeds on the two vertical edges of the panel considered being staggered so that when two panels are juxtaposed by a vertical edge, said screeds 'a panel is inserted with said yokes of the other panel with the respective openings aligned, thus making a yoke junction between said panels using a box stud passing through the aligned openings of said yokes of said panels;
  • a base panel fixed to a lower part of said central box so as to form a bottom for said central box.

Dans une forme de réalisation, la structure caissonnée comporte par ailleurs au moins deux cylindres tampon de section annulaire, un cylindre tampon étant placé sur chacun des goujons de caisson maintenant entre eux les panneaux du caisson central, entre une fixation reliant l'élément de l'interface au caisson central, afin de permettre un ajustement de la flexibilité du dispositif par serrage ou desserrage de ladite fixation.In one embodiment, the boxed structure also comprises at least two buffer cylinders of annular section, a buffer cylinder being placed on each of the box studs holding the panels of the central box between them, between a fixing connecting the element of the interface to the central box, in order to allow an adjustment of the flexibility of the device by tightening or loosening of said fixing.

Dans une forme de réalisation, la structure caissonnée comporte au moins un caisson latéral additionnel rattaché au caisson central, ledit au moins un caisson latéral :

  • déterminant un volume creux sensiblement cylindrique résultant de l'assemblage d'au moins trois panneaux, dont un panneau dudit caisson central et au moins deux panneaux additionnels, lesdits au moins trois panneaux étant maintenus entre eux par des bords verticaux ;
  • étant fixé à une extrémité inférieure au panneau d'embase.
In one embodiment, the boxed structure comprises at least one additional lateral box attached to the central box, said at least one side box:
  • determining a substantially cylindrical hollow volume resulting from the assembly of at least three panels, including one panel of said central box and at least two additional panels, said at least three panels being held together by vertical edges;
  • being attached at a lower end to the base panel.

Dans une forme de réalisation, les au moins trois panneaux du caisson central d'une part et les au moins deux panneaux additionnels de l'au moins un caisson latéral d'autre part sont maintenus entre eux par des jonctions chapes.In one embodiment, the at least three panels of the central box on the one hand and the at least two additional panels of the at least one side box on the other hand are held together by clevis junctions.

Dans une forme de réalisation, chacun des panneaux comprend, sur une face extérieure :

  • deux rainures globalement cylindriques d'axe vertical disposées de part et d'autre de ladite face extérieure, parallèlement aux bords verticaux du panneau considéré, et constituant des éléments femelles ;
  • des protubérances globalement cylindriques d'axe vertical placées sur les bords verticaux dudit panneau et constituant des éléments mâles ;
In one embodiment, each of the panels comprises, on an external face:
  • two generally cylindrical grooves with a vertical axis arranged on either side of said outer face, parallel to the vertical edges of the panel in question, and constituting female elements;
  • generally cylindrical protrusions with a vertical axis placed on the vertical edges of said panel and constituting male elements;

Les protubérances d'un panneau peuvent ainsi être insérées dans une des deux rainures d'un autre panneau pour former une liaison mécanique de type pivot glissant.The protrusions of a panel can thus be inserted into one of the two grooves of another panel to form a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.

Dans une forme de réalisation, deux des au moins deux panneaux additionnels sont rattachés au panneau du caisson central chacun par le biais d'une liaison mécanique de type pivot glissant.In one embodiment, two of the at least two additional panels are attached to the panel of the central box each by means of a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.

Dans une forme de réalisation, les panneaux comportent des trous pré-percés.In one embodiment, the panels have pre-drilled holes.

Dans une forme de réalisation, au moins un panneau est cintré.In one embodiment, at least one panel is bent.

Dans une forme de réalisation, les panneaux sont tous identiques. Le procédé de fabrication des panneaux est donc identique, ce qui permet de limiter les coûts de production.In one embodiment, the panels are all identical. The manufacturing process for the panels is therefore identical, which allows production costs to be limited.

Dans une forme de réalisation, les panneaux présentent des nervures raidissant la structure caissonnée, ce qui permet une économie de matière pour des performances mécaniques équivalentes à celles de panneaux plus épais non nervurés.In one embodiment, the panels have ribs stiffening the box structure, which saves material for mechanical performance equivalent to that of thicker, non-ribbed panels.

Dans une forme de réalisation, les panneaux sont faits d'un matériau polymère, au moins en partie, par exemple polypropylène ou polyéthylène et matériaux dérivés. Ce type de matériau est plus léger que d'autres matériaux conventionnels de type béton par exemple, facilitant notamment sa mise en œuvre, et est peu sensible à l'acidité des sols, ce qui contribue à la pérennité du dispositif dans un cas de mise en œuvre dans lequel ledit dispositif est enterré.In one embodiment, the panels are made of a polymeric material, at least in part, for example polypropylene or polyethylene and derived materials. This type of material is lighter than other conventional materials of the concrete type for example, facilitating in particular its implementation, and is not very sensitive to the acidity of the soil, which contributes to the durability of the device in the event of installation. in which said device is buried.

Par ailleurs, les matériaux polymères présentent une bonne rigidité pour l'ensemble des applications visées.Furthermore, the polymer materials have good rigidity for all of the targeted applications.

On entend ici par « matériau présentant une bonne rigidité » un matériau qui ne se déforme pas sensiblement lorsqu'il est soumis aux contraintes mises en jeu dans les applications visées, dans tous les cas le matériau ne sort pas de sa zone d'élasticité.The term “material having good rigidity” is understood here to mean a material which does not deform appreciably when it is subjected to the stresses involved in the intended applications, in all cases the material does not leave its zone of elasticity.

En outre, une grande majorité des matériaux polymères peut être issue d'un recyclage.In addition, a large majority of polymeric materials can come from recycling.

Dans une forme de réalisation, le fond du caisson central est formé par un plateau perforé placé entre ledit caisson central et le plateau d'embase ; lequel présente une ouverture sous ledit plateau perforé ; lesdits caisson central, plateau d'embase et plateau perforé étant maintenus ensemble.In one embodiment, the bottom of the central box is formed by a perforated plate placed between said central box and the base plate; which has an opening under said perforated tray; said central box, base plate and perforated plate being held together.

Le plateau perforé permet d'assurer le drainage de l'eau, ou, inversement, d'équilibre la pression hydrostatique entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur du caisson central.The perforated tray ensures water drainage, or, conversely, balances the hydrostatic pressure between the inside and the outside of the central box.

Dans une forme de réalisation, le plateau perforé est fait d'un matériau polymère, tel que par exemple du polyéthylène haute densité ou du nylon..In one embodiment, the perforated tray is made of a polymeric material, such as for example high density polyethylene or nylon.

Dans une forme de réalisation, un tissu poreux à l'eau est placé au-dessus du plateau perforé côté intérieur du caisson central.In one embodiment, a water-porous fabric is placed above the perforated tray on the inside of the central box.

Dans une forme de réalisation, le caisson central est fermé à ses deux extrémités, rendant le caisson central étanche et évitant le drainage.In one embodiment, the central box is closed at both ends, making the central box waterproof and avoiding drainage.

Dans une forme de réalisation, l'élément d'interface comporte une base rigide à laquelle est fixée une rehausse destinée à supporter un système d'accrochage.In one embodiment, the interface element comprises a rigid base to which is fixed an extension intended to support a fastening system.

Dans une forme de réalisation, l'élément d'interface comporte une platine inférieure constituant la base rigide, et une platine supérieure, lesdites platines étant sensiblement parallèles entre elles et reliées par un ensemble de cloisons formant la rehausse et de goujons d'interface perpendiculaires aux plans desdites platines, lesdits goujons d'interface étant filetés au moins à leurs extrémités.In one embodiment, the interface element comprises a lower plate constituting the rigid base, and an upper plate, said plates being substantially parallel to each other and connected by a set of partitions forming the riser and perpendicular interface studs to the planes of said plates, said interface studs being threaded at least at their ends.

Dans une forme de réalisation, l'élément d'interface comporte une platine inférieure constituant la base rigide à laquelle est fixée une rehausse tubulaire.In one embodiment, the interface element comprises a lower plate constituting the rigid base to which a tubular riser is fixed.

Dans une forme de réalisation, des rondelles anti-vibrations sont placées sur la structure aux points de liaisons entre la structure caissonnée et les autres éléments constitutifs du dispositif.In one embodiment, anti-vibration washers are placed on the structure at the connection points between the boxed structure and the other constituent elements of the device.

L'invention concerne également un ensemble comportant un édifice fixé à au moins un dispositif suivant l'invention. L'édifice est relié à l'élément d'interface par l'intermédiaire d'une platine de fixation.The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a building attached to at least one device according to the invention. The building is connected to the interface element by means of a fixing plate.

Dans un mode de mise en œuvre, un remplissage du ou des caisson(s) du dispositif est réalisé au moyen d'un remplissage pesant. Le dispositif peut alors être directement posé sur le sol et rempli par exemple avec des sacs de sable ou des galets. Les applications visées sont alors généralement temporaires : manifestations sportives par exemple.In one embodiment, filling of the box (es) of the device is carried out by means of a heavy filling. The device can then be placed directly on the ground and filled, for example, with sandbags or pebbles. The targeted applications are then generally temporary: sporting events for example.

Dans un mode de mise en œuvre, une fouille est creusée au préalable dans le sol dans laquelle le dispositif est placé. Le ou les caissons sont alors remplis avec des éléments du sol extraits lors du creusage de la fouille. Le dispositif est alors enterré au moins partiellement.In one embodiment, a dig is dug beforehand in the ground in which the device is placed. The caisson (s) are then filled with soil elements extracted during the digging of the excavation. The device is then buried at least partially.

Un effort extérieur appliqué sur l'édifice est transmis au dispositif par le biais de l'élément d'interface, il est réparti sur l'ensemble de la structure caissonnée par le biais de l'élément d'interface.An external force applied to the building is transmitted to the device via the interface element, it is distributed over the entire boxed structure through the interface element.

La pression naturelle exercée par les éléments du sol accumulés autour du dispositif, créent une retenue à l'arrachement, à l'enfoncement, à la rotation et à l'inclinaison. Le plateau d'embase permet d'assurer une assise à la structure.The natural pressure exerted by the elements of the ground accumulated around the device, create a restraint for tearing, sinking, rotation and tilting. The base plate provides a seat for the structure.

Dans une forme de réalisation, la structure caissonnée comporte au moins un caisson latéral additionnel. La présence du au moins un caisson latéral additionnel permet de répartir davantage les efforts entre les caissons, diminuant ainsi les contraintes subies par chacun des caissons.In one embodiment, the boxed structure comprises at least one additional lateral box. The presence of at least one additional lateral box makes it possible to distribute the forces more between the boxes, thus reducing the stresses undergone by each of the boxes.

L'invention présente donc divers intérêts. Le dispositif suivant l'invention est :

  • économique tout d'abord, car la structure caissonnée peut être réalisée à l'aide de matériaux plus légers que du béton, ceci facilite la mise en œuvre et donc limite les coûts d'installation et d'enlèvement ;
  • écologique, car la structure caissonnée peut être constituée par exemple tout ou en partie de polyéthylène recyclé, par ailleurs, les coûts bas d'enlèvement permettent d'éviter une pollution des sols ;
  • pérenne, car l'utilisation d'un matériau type polymère rend la structure pas ou peu sensible à l'acidité des sols, si le dispositif est enterré.
  • modulaire : suivant le cas, notamment la masse de l'édifice ou sa prise au vent, il est possible de rajouter des caissons latéraux pour permettre une meilleure résistance du dispositif aux contraintes.
The invention therefore has various interests. The device according to the invention is:
  • economical, first of all, because the boxed structure can be made using materials lighter than concrete, this facilitates installation and therefore limits installation and removal costs;
  • ecological, because the boxed structure can be made, for example, entirely or partly of recycled polyethylene, moreover, the low costs of removal make it possible to avoid soil pollution;
  • perennial, because the use of a polymer type material makes the structure not or little sensitive to the acidity of the soil, if the device is buried.
  • modular: depending on the case, in particular the mass of the building or its wind resistance, it is possible to add side boxes to allow better resistance of the device to stresses.

BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent. Celles-ci ne sont présentées qu'à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif de l'invention.

  • La Figure 1a est une vue isométrique en vue plongeante d'une forme de réalisation de l'invention supportant un édifice et un détail de la fixation entre un caisson central et un élément d'interface d'une part et entre l'élément d'interface et l'édifice d'autre part.
  • La Figure 1b est une vue isométrique en contre-plongée de la forme de réalisation de la Figure 1a de l'invention et un détail de la fixation entre le caisson central, un panneau d'embase servant d'appui à l'invention, et une plaque perforée.
  • La Figure 2 est une vue isométrique d'une deuxième forme de réalisation de l'invention supportant un édifice dans une forme comportant deux caissons latéraux.
  • La Figure 3a est une vue isométrique de l'élément d'interface dans une première forme de réalisation.
  • La Figure 3b est une vue isométrique de l'élément d'interface dans une seconde forme de réalisation.
  • La Figure 4 est une vue isométrique d'un panneau mis en œuvre pour former les caissons.
  • La Figure 5 est une vue isométrique d'une plaque de fond perforée.
  • La Figure 6 est une vue isométrique d'une face supérieure d'un panneau d'embase dans une forme de réalisation.
  • La Figure 7 est une vue isométrique d'une face inférieure du panneau d'embase dans la forme de réalisation représentée sur la Figure 6.
  • La Figure 8 est une vue isométrique d'une variante de la forme de réalisation de la Figure 1a, dans laquelle l'élément d'interface n'est que partiellement représenté.
  • La Figure 9a est une représentation schématique en vue de dessus de configurations possibles d'agencement des caissons pour une forme de réalisation dans laquelle le caisson central présente une section carrée, et les caissons latéraux une section triangulaire.
  • La Figure 9b est une représentation schématique en vue de dessus de configurations possibles d'agencement des caissons pour une forme de réalisation dans laquelle le caisson central et les caissons latéraux présentent une section carrée, et dans une autre forme de réalisation dans laquelle le caisson central présente une section hexagonale, et les caissons latéraux une section triangulaire, les traits pointillés symbolisant les emplacements possibles des caissons latéraux.
  • La Figure 10 est une vue isométrique de l'élément d'interface dans une forme alternative de réalisation, auquel sont fixés quatre goujons de caisson sur lesquels sont placés des cylindres tampons.
  • La Figure 11 est un détail de la Figure 10, montrant un goujon de caisson, le cylindre tampon et les écrous associés. L'élément d'interface n'apparaît pas sur ce détail. Les traits pointillés désignent des parties cachées des divers éléments.
  • La Figure 12 est une vue en coupe verticale d'une forme de réalisation de l'invention correspondant à la forme illustrée sur la Figure 2 dans laquelle l'invention est enterrée.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These are presented for information only and in no way limit the invention.
  • The Figure 1a is an isometric view from above of an embodiment of the invention supporting a building and a detail of the attachment between a central box and an interface element on the one hand and between the interface element and the on the other hand.
  • The Figure 1b is an isometric view from below of the embodiment of the Figure 1a of the invention and a detail of the attachment between the central box, a base panel serving as support for the invention, and a perforated plate.
  • The Figure 2 is an isometric view of a second embodiment of the invention supporting a building in a form comprising two lateral boxes.
  • The Figure 3a is an isometric view of the interface element in a first embodiment.
  • The Figure 3b is an isometric view of the interface element in a second embodiment.
  • The Figure 4 is an isometric view of a panel used to form the boxes.
  • The Figure 5 is an isometric view of a perforated bottom plate.
  • The Figure 6 is an isometric view of an upper face of a base panel in one embodiment.
  • The Figure 7 is an isometric view of a lower face of the base panel in the embodiment shown in the Figure 6 .
  • The Figure 8 is an isometric view of a variant of the embodiment of the Figure 1a , in which the interface element is only partially represented.
  • The Figure 9a is a schematic representation in top view of possible configurations of arrangement of the boxes for an embodiment in which the central box has a square section, and the side boxes a triangular section.
  • The Figure 9b is a schematic representation from above of possible configurations of arrangement of the boxes for an embodiment in which the central box and the side boxes have a square section, and in another embodiment in which the central box has a section hexagonal, and the side boxes a triangular section, the dotted lines symbolizing the possible locations of the side boxes.
  • The Figure 10 is an isometric view of the interface element in an alternative embodiment, to which are fixed four box studs on which are placed buffer cylinders.
  • The Figure 11 is a detail of the Figure 10 , showing a box stud, the buffer cylinder and the associated nuts. The interface element does not appear on this detail. The dotted lines indicate hidden parts of the various elements.
  • The Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the invention corresponding to the shape illustrated on the Figure 2 in which the invention is buried.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

Dans la description, les termes « haut », « bas », « supérieur », « inférieur », « vertical », « horizontal », doivent être compris dans le sens commun qui leur serait donné par un utilisateur du dispositif devant placer ledit dispositif dans ou sur un sol.In the description, the terms "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal" must be understood in the common sense given to them by a user of the device having to place said device in or on the ground.

Par ailleurs, dans toute la description, des éléments assurant une même fonction, même des élément de forme différente, seront associés à un même numéro de référence.Furthermore, throughout the description, elements ensuring the same function, even elements of different shape, will be associated with the same reference number.

Les valeurs numériques données dans la description le sont à titre d'exemple et sont non limitatives de l'invention.The numerical values given in the description are given by way of example and are not limitative of the invention.

Le dispositif suivant l'invention, tel qu'illustré sur la Figure 1a, comporte en partie basse une structure caissonnée 10 et en partie haute un élément d'interface 20 fixé à ladite structure caissonnée 10 à une extrémité supérieure de ladite structure caissonnée.The device according to the invention, as illustrated in the Figure 1a , comprises in the lower part a boxed structure 10 and in the upper part an interface element 20 fixed to said boxed structure 10 at an upper end of said boxed structure.

La structure caissonnée 10 comporte :

  • un caisson central 11 déterminant un volume creux 111
  • un plateau d'embase 12 sur une face supérieure duquel est fixé ledit caisson central 11
The boxed structure 10 comprises:
  • a central box 11 determining a hollow volume 111
  • a base plate 12 on an upper face of which said central box 11 is fixed

Le caisson central 11 détermine le volume creux de forme générale cylindrique d'axe vertical et est formé par un assemblage de panneaux 15.The central box 11 determines the hollow volume of generally cylindrical shape with a vertical axis and is formed by an assembly of panels 15.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation des Figures 1a et 1b, le caisson central 11 comporte quatre panneaux verticaux de mêmes dimensions assemblés entre eux et déterminant une section sensiblement carrée au volume creux 111.In the example of realization of Figures 1a and 1b , the central box 11 comprises four vertical panels of the same dimensions assembled together and determining a substantially square section at the hollow volume 111.

Dans une forme de réalisation non illustrée, les panneaux 15 composant le caisson central 11 sont cintrés. Un caisson central peut ainsi avoir une forme sensiblement cylindrique de section circulaire. Des caissons centraux formés par ce type de panneaux cintrés sont avantageusement mis en œuvre dans des trous de forage.In an embodiment not shown, the panels 15 making up the central box 11 are curved. A central box can thus have a substantially cylindrical shape of circular section. Central boxes formed by this type of curved panels are advantageously used in boreholes.

Une face intérieure de chacun des panneaux 15 constituant le caisson central 11 est équipée sur chacun de ses bords verticaux de chapes 151 espacées et réparties sur le bord considéré et dont les ouvertures sont alignées pour déterminer un axe vertical. En outre, les chapes 151 sur les deux bords verticaux du panneau considéré sont agencées en quinconce de sorte que lorsque deux panneaux identiques sont juxtaposés par un bord vertical, les chapes d'un panneau s'intercalent avec les chapes de l'autre panneau avec les ouvertures respectives alignées.An inner face of each of the panels 15 constituting the central box 11 is equipped on each of its vertical edges with yokes 151 spaced apart and distributed over the edge considered and whose openings are aligned to determine a vertical axis. In addition, the yokes 151 on the two vertical edges of the panel in question are arranged in staggered rows so that when two identical panels are juxtaposed by a vertical edge, the yokes of one panel are inserted with the yokes of the other panel with the respective openings aligned.

Cet agencement permet de réaliser une jonction chape entre les deux panneaux par un goujon de caisson 30 qui traverse les ouvertures alignées des chapes des deux panneaux.This arrangement makes it possible to produce a clevis junction between the two panels by a box stud 30 which passes through the aligned openings of the clevis plates of the two panels.

Dans la forme de réalisation illustrée, une distance entre deux chapes sur un bord du panneau correspond sensiblement à une hauteur de la chape en vis-à-vis sur l'autre bord de sorte que les chapes dans la jonction réalisée sont sensiblement jointives et forment un assemblage du type charnière à piano particulièrement résistante lorsque le goujon de caisson 30 fileté au moins à ses extrémités est inséré dans les chapes alignées au préalable pour constituer l'assemblage.In the illustrated embodiment, a distance between two screeds on an edge of the panel corresponds substantially to a height of the screed opposite on the other edge so that the yokes in the junction produced are substantially contiguous and form an assembly of the piano hinge type which is particularly resistant when the box stud 30 threaded at least at its ends is inserted into the yokes aligned beforehand to constitute assembly.

Ces jonctions forment donc chacune une colonne composée d'au moins deux matériaux : le matériau des chapes et celui du goujon de caisson 30 les traversant. Préférentiellement les matériaux composant ces jonctions sont de l'acier plein pour les goujons de caisson 30 et du polyéthylène pour les chapes 151, assurant ainsi à ladite jonction de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques, notamment résistance à la compression, élasticité de traction et élasticité de torsion.These junctions therefore each form a column made up of at least two materials: the material of the yokes and that of the box stud 30 passing through them. Preferably, the materials making up these junctions are solid steel for the box studs 30 and polyethylene for the yokes 151, thus ensuring at said junction good mechanical characteristics, in particular compressive strength, tensile elasticity and torsional elasticity.

Les panneaux verticaux sont fixés dans une partie basse du caisson central 11 au centre du plateau d'embase 12 en position horizontale, présentant la forme d'une étoile à quatre branches, de sorte à former un fond audit caisson central. Le plateau d'embase 12 assure une stabilité de forme du caisson central et constitue une surface d'appui du dispositif comme il sera compris dans la suite de la description.The vertical panels are fixed in a lower part of the central box 11 in the center of the base plate 12 in a horizontal position, having the shape of a four-pointed star, so as to form a bottom to said central box. The base plate 12 ensures shape stability of the central box and constitutes a support surface of the device as will be understood in the following description.

Dans l'exemple illustré, des trous d'assemblage 122 sont formés dans le plateau d'embase 12 dans lesquels viennent s'insérer les goujons de caisson 30 pour fixer les panneaux verticaux 15 sur ledit plateau d'embase 12.In the example illustrated, assembly holes 122 are formed in the base plate 12 into which the box studs 30 are inserted to fix the vertical panels 15 on said base plate 12.

Dans une variante de la forme de réalisation de la Figure 1a, variante illustrée sur la Figure 8, les panneaux composant le caisson central comportent des trous pré-percés 112 pour le passage de gaines électriques. Cette forme de réalisation est particulièrement adaptée pour des édifices nécessitant une alimentation électrique, par exemple un candélabre.In a variant of the embodiment of the Figure 1a , variant illustrated on the Figure 8 , the panels making up the central box have pre-drilled holes 112 for the passage of electrical sheaths. This embodiment is particularly suitable for buildings requiring an electrical supply, for example a candelabrum.

L'élément d'interface 20 assure l'interface entre la structure caissonnée 10 et un édifice 91 à fixer.The interface element 20 provides the interface between the box structure 10 and a building 91 to be fixed.

Il est fixé à une partie haute du caisson central 11 et lui assure une stabilité de forme complémentaire de celle apportée en partie basse par le plateau d'embase 13.It is fixed to an upper part of the central box 11 and provides it with a shape stability complementary to that provided in the lower part by the base plate 13.

L'élément d'interface 20 est une structure formée d'une base rigide 22 ayant préférentiellement la forme d'une platine, à laquelle est fixée une rehausse 23 destinée à supporter un système d'accrochage, par exemple un système d'arrimage de type goupillage ou une platine traversée par un ensemble de goujons.The interface element 20 is a structure formed by a rigid base 22 preferably having the shape of a plate, to which is fixed a riser 23 intended to support a fastening system, for example a securing system of pinning type or a plate crossed by a set of studs.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la Figure 1a, l'élément d'interface 20 comporte une platine supérieure 21 et une platine inférieure 22 sensiblement parallèles entre elles dans l'exemple illustré et fixées ensemble par des cloisons 23 radiales formant une rehausse, et des goujons d'interface 24, suivant une direction axiale perpendiculaire aux plans desdites platines.In the example of realization of the Figure 1a , the interface element 20 comprises an upper plate 21 and a lower plate 22 substantially parallel to one another in the example illustrated and fixed together by radial partitions 23 forming an extension, and interface pins 24, in a direction axial perpendicular to the planes of said plates.

La Figure 3a illustre isolé l'élément d'interface mis en œuvre dans l'exemple de réalisation des Figures 1a et 1b.The Figure 3a illustrates isolated the interface element implemented in the example embodiment of the Figures 1a and 1b .

Avantageusement, les cloisons 23 et les goujons d'interface 24 sont réalisés en métal, compte-tenu des efforts prévisibles à reprendre lors de l'utilisation du dispositif, et sont soudés aux platines.Advantageously, the partitions 23 and the interface studs 24 are made of metal, taking into account the foreseeable forces to be taken up when the device is used, and are welded to the plates.

La platine supérieure 21 reçoit et assure le maintien de l'édifice à fixer par l'intermédiaire des goujons d'interface 24. L'édifice est maintenu à l'élément d'interface 20 par des écrous.The upper plate 21 receives and maintains the building to be fixed by means of interface studs 24. The building is held at the interface element 20 by nuts.

La platine inférieure 22 est traversée par les goujons de caisson 30 au niveau de trous 25 ajustés auxdits goujons de caisson, permettant la fixation du caisson central 11 à l'élément d'interface 20 par des écrous 31 placés sur les extrémités filetées desdits goujons de caisson.The bottom plate 22 is crossed by the box studs 30 at the level of holes 25 adjusted to said box studs, allowing the central box 11 to be fixed to the interface element 20 by nuts 31 placed on the threaded ends of said studs. box.

La Figure 3b illustre l'élément d'interface 20 dans une forme alternative de réalisation, dans laquelle ledit élément d'interface comporte une platine inférieure 22 ayant sensiblement la forme d'une étoile à trois branches, et une rehausse 23 tubulaire de section cylindrique. La rehausse 23 est fixée à une extrémité inférieure à la platine inférieure 22, et un système d'arrimage est fixé à une extrémité supérieure de ladite rehausse. Chaque branche de la platine inférieure 22 comporte un trou permettant la fixation de ladite platine à un caisson central 11 de forme adaptée à l'élément d'interface 20.The Figure 3b illustrates the interface element 20 in an alternative embodiment, in which said interface element comprises a lower plate 22 having substantially the shape of a star with three branches, and a tubular extension 23 of cylindrical section. The riser 23 is fixed at a lower end to the lower plate 22, and a lashing system is fixed at an upper end of said riser. Each branch of the lower plate 22 has a hole allowing the fixing of said plate to a central box 11 of a shape adapted to the interface element 20.

Dans une variante du premier mode de réalisation, illustrée sur la Figure 1b, le plateau d'embase 12 comporte une ouverture 121 recouverte par un plateau perforé 13 formant le fond du caisson central 11.In a variant of the first embodiment, illustrated in the Figure 1b , the base plate 12 has an opening 121 covered by a perforated plate 13 forming the bottom of the central box 11.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le plateau d'embase 12 présente l'ouverture 121 en son centre. Le plateau perforé 13 est de dimensions supérieures à l'ouverture 121 et est fixé entre le caisson central 11 et le plateau d'embase 12, au-dessus de la partie évidée.In this embodiment, the base plate 12 has the opening 121 at its center. The perforated plate 13 has dimensions greater than the opening 121 and is fixed between the central box 11 and the base plate 12, above the hollowed out part.

Le fond du caisson central 11 est alors formé par le plateau perforé 13. L'ensemble est traversé par les goujons de caisson 30 du caisson central 11 qui viennent s'insérer dans les trous 122 du plateau d'embase et les trous 131 du plateau perforé, puis serré par des écrous 31 afin d'assurer la fixation.The bottom of the central box 11 is then formed by the perforated plate 13. The assembly is crossed by the box studs 30 of the central box 11 which are inserted into the holes 122 of the base plate and the holes 131 of the plate perforated, then tightened by nuts 31 to ensure fixing.

La Figure 5 est une illustration du plateau perforé dans cette variante de réalisation.The Figure 5 is an illustration of the perforated tray in this alternative embodiment.

Le plateau perforé permet d'assurer, lorsque le dispositif est utilisé, le drainage de l'eau pouvant s'introduire dans le caisson central, par exemple des eaux de ruissellement ou inversement de permettre un remplissage de l'eau phréatique et ainsi équilibrer les pressions hydrostatiques entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur du caisson.The perforated tray ensures, when the device is used, the drainage of water that can be introduced into the central box, for example runoff water or vice versa to allow filling of phreatic water and thus balance the hydrostatic pressures between the inside and outside of the box.

Avantageusement, il est placé au-dessus du plateau perforé 13, côté intérieur du caisson central, un tissu poreux à l'eau permettant de retenir la terre, par exemple un géotextile épais.Advantageously, it is placed above the perforated plate 13, on the inside of the central box, a fabric porous with water making it possible to retain the earth, for example a thick geotextile.

Dans une seconde variante du premier mode de réalisation, une fermeture étanche est mise en œuvre en partie haute du caisson central 11, permettant d'assurer l'étanchéité dudit caisson central 11 une fois le dispositif mis en œuvre.In a second variant of the first embodiment, a tight closure is implemented in the upper part of the central box 11, making it possible to seal said central box 11 once the device has been implemented.

Suivant un deuxième mode de réalisation, illustré sur la Figure 2, deux caissons latéraux 14 déterminant chacun un volume creux 141 sont agencés sur deux côtés opposés d'un caisson central 11 similaire au caisson central du premier mode et fixés à un plateau d'embase 12.According to a second embodiment, illustrated on the Figure 2 , two lateral boxes 14 each determining a hollow volume 141 are arranged on two opposite sides of a central box 11 similar to the central box of the first mode and fixed to a base plate 12.

Chaque caisson latéral 14 détermine un volume creux 141 de forme générale cylindrique d'axe vertical, de section triangulaire, et est formé par un assemblage de panneaux 15.Each lateral box 14 determines a hollow volume 141 of generally cylindrical shape with a vertical axis, of triangular section, and is formed by an assembly of panels 15.

Un caisson latéral est constitué en partie :

  • d'un panneau de base, ledit panneau de base étant l'un des quatre panneaux 15 formant le caisson central 11
  • de deux panneaux de côté 15
A side box is made in part:
  • a base panel, said base panel being one of the four panels 15 forming the central box 11
  • two side panels 15

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les deux caissons latéraux 14 sont réalisés en mettant en œuvre des panneaux 15 de même type et de préférence identiques à ceux constituant le caisson central 11.In this embodiment, the two lateral boxes 14 are produced by using panels 15 of the same type and preferably identical to those constituting the central box 11.

Les panneaux 15 comprennent, sur leur face extérieure, deux rainures 152 globalement cylindriques d'axe vertical disposées de part et d'autre de ladite face extérieure, parallèlement aux bords verticaux. Les côtés verticaux des panneaux 15 sont pourvus de protubérances 153 globalement cylindriques d'axe vertical. Les dimensions des rainures 152 et des protubérances 153 sont telles que lesdites protubérances 153 peuvent être insérées dans lesdites rainures 152 pour former une liaison mécanique de type pivot glissant.The panels 15 comprise, on their outer face, two generally cylindrical grooves 152 of vertical axis arranged on either side of said outer face, parallel to the vertical edges. The vertical sides of the panels 15 are provided with generally cylindrical protrusions 153 of vertical axis. The dimensions of the grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 are such that said protrusions 153 can be inserted into said grooves 152 to form a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.

Par ailleurs, les rainures 152 et les protubérances 153 sont coordonnées de manière à ne pas gêner la mise en place des liaisons susceptibles de relier deux panneaux 15.Furthermore, the grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 are coordinated so as not to hinder the establishment of the connections capable of connecting two panels 15.

La Figure 4 permet de visualiser les rainures 152 et les protubérances 153 des panneaux 15 dans ce mode de réalisation.The Figure 4 shows the grooves 152 and the protrusions 153 of the panels 15 in this embodiment.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la Figure 2, deux panneaux de côté sont rattachés au panneau de base du caisson central chacun par le biais d'une liaison mécanique de type pivot glissant, formée par les rainures 152 du panneau de base et les protubérances 153 des panneaux de côté. Les positions des deux panneaux de côté peuvent alors être ajustées en position verticale et en rotation pour permettre la fixation desdits deux panneaux de côté par le biais de goujons de caisson 30 insérés dans les ouvertures des chapes alignées comme dans la liaison des panneaux du caisson central pour assurer le maintien entre eux desdits deux panneaux de côté.In the example of realization of the Figure 2 , two side panels are attached to the base panel of the central box each by means of a sliding pivot type mechanical connection, formed by the grooves 152 of the base panel and the protrusions 153 of the side panels. The positions of the two side panels can then be adjusted vertically and in rotation to allow the fixing of said two side panels by means of box studs 30 inserted in the openings of the aligned screeds as in the connection of the panels of the central box to maintain said two side panels together.

Chaque caisson latéral 14 est lié à un panneau du caisson central 11. Le plateau d'embase 12 a la forme d'une étoile à quatre branches. Un trou secondaire 123 est disposé à l'extrémité de chacune de ces branches pour recevoir les goujons de caisson 30 insérés dans les ouvertures des chapes alignées des panneaux de côté d'un caisson latéral 14. Des écrous 31 viennent serrer l'ensemble.Each lateral box 14 is linked to a panel of the central box 11. The base plate 12 has the shape of a four-pointed star. A hole secondary 123 is arranged at the end of each of these branches to receive the box studs 30 inserted into the openings of the aligned yokes of the side panels of a side box 14. Nuts 31 tighten the assembly.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les caissons additionnels formés ont une section sensiblement triangulaire équilatérale résultant de leurs structures formées par trois panneaux similaires.In this embodiment, the additional boxes formed have a substantially triangular equilateral section resulting from their structures formed by three similar panels.

La forme du caisson central et des caissons latéraux n'est bien sûr pas limitée aux seules formes illustrées. Les caissons central et latéraux peuvent par exemple être formés de panneaux cintrés.The shape of the central box and the side boxes is of course not limited to the shapes illustrated. The central and lateral boxes can for example be formed from curved panels.

Dans une variante du second mode de réalisation, et de manière similaire à la variante décrite pour le premier mode de réalisation, le fond du caisson central 11 est formé par un plateau d'embase 12 et une plaque perforée 13 pour permettre le drainage de l'eau dudit caisson central 11 ou l'équilibre des pressions hydrostatiques entre l'intérieur et l'extérieur dudit caisson central 11 lorsque le dispositif est mis en place.In a variant of the second embodiment, and similarly to the variant described for the first embodiment, the bottom of the central box 11 is formed by a base plate 12 and a perforated plate 13 to allow drainage of the water from said central box 11 or the balance of hydrostatic pressures between the inside and outside of said central box 11 when the device is put in place.

Dans cette variante, la fixation des panneaux de côté d'un caisson latéral 14 au plateau d'embase 12 par des écrous surélève légèrement ledit caisson latéral 14, ce qui permet un drainage naturel de l'eau par des bords inférieurs dudit caisson latéral 14.In this variant, the fixing of the side panels of a lateral box 14 to the base plate 12 by nuts slightly raises said side box 14, which allows natural drainage of the water by lower edges of said side box 14 .

Dans un mode de mise en œuvre illustré sur la Figure 12, une fois le dispositif suivant l'invention assemblé, ledit dispositif est placé dans une fouille creusée dans le sol et aménagée à cet effet. La fouille doit avoir un fond plat. Il est de préférence recouvert d'une couche de 10cm environ de sable non tassé. La fouille est dans la configuration illustrée suffisamment profonde pour laisser un retrait de 5cm environ entre une platine supérieure 21 de l'élément d'interface 20 et le sol naturel une fois le dispositif installé.In an implementation mode illustrated on the Figure 12 , once the device according to the invention assembled, said device is placed in an excavation dug in the ground and arranged for this purpose. The excavation must have a flat bottom. It is preferably covered with a layer of about 10cm of loose sand. The excavation is in the illustrated configuration deep enough to leave a withdrawal of about 5cm between an upper plate 21 of the interface element 20 and the natural soil once the device is installed.

L'horizontalité du dispositif peut alors être vérifiée.The horizontality of the device can then be checked.

La fouille est ensuite rebouchée en même temps que les caissons sont remplis de sorte que l'ensemble du dispositif est entouré et rempli par des éléments constitutifs du sol 90 par exemple de la terre ou du sable ; le sol est ensuite tassé.The excavation is then plugged in at the same time as the boxes are filled so that the entire device is surrounded and filled with constituent elements of the soil 90, for example earth or sand; the soil is then packed.

Avantageusement, les éléments constitutifs du sol peuvent être liés par un liant de type hydraulique ou pouzzolanique par exemple, pour permettre un meilleur ancrage du dispositif dans le sol et ainsi permettre au dispositif de supporter des édifices lourds ou de hauteur importante.Advantageously, the constituent elements of the ground can be linked by a binder of hydraulic or pozzolanic type for example, to allow a better anchoring of the device in the ground and thus allow the device to support heavy buildings or of great height.

La Figure 12 représente le dispositif enterré dans le mode de réalisation de la Figure 2.The Figure 12 represents the device buried in the embodiment of the Figure 2 .

Dans la suite, il sera considéré que le sol est constitué de terre, sans toutefois limiter l'utilisation du dispositif à cette seule constitution du sol.In the following, it will be considered that the ground consists of earth, without however limiting the use of the device to this sole constitution of the ground.

Des goujons d'interface 24 sont les seuls éléments du dispositif à sortir du sol. Un édifice 91 à ancrer au sol, par exemple de type candélabre, sera fixé à l'élément d'interface 20 par le biais d'une platine de fixation traversée par les goujons d'interface 24. L'ensemble pourra être serré par des écrous 31.Interface studs 24 are the only elements of the device to come out of the ground. A building 91 to be anchored to the ground, for example of the candelabra type, will be fixed to the interface element 20 by means of a fixing plate crossed by the interface studs 24. The assembly may be tightened by nuts 31.

Avantageusement, les dimensions de l'élément d'interface 20 sont adaptées selon les normes de fabrication des édifices à ancrer, par exemple norme de fabrication des platines de mât, pour une fixation optimale.Advantageously, the dimensions of the interface element 20 are adapted according to the manufacturing standards for the buildings to be anchored, for example the manufacturing standard for mast plates, for optimum fixing.

Un effort extérieur exercé sur l'édifice ancré au dispositif est transmis à l'élément d'interface 20, ledit effort extérieur est ensuite réparti sur les goujons de caisson 30 qui répartissent les contraintes sur les caissons.An external force exerted on the building anchored to the device is transmitted to the interface element 20, said external force is then distributed over the box studs 30 which distribute the stresses over the boxes.

En particulier, les efforts verticaux subis par l'édifice 91, par exemple son poids, sont transmis essentiellement sur la partie basse des caissons 11, 14 et sur le plateau d'embase 12 du dispositif, tandis que les efforts horizontaux sont transmis essentiellement sur la partie haute du caisson du dispositif.In particular, the vertical forces undergone by the building 91, for example its weight, are transmitted essentially on the lower part of the boxes 11, 14 and on the base plate 12 of the device, while the horizontal forces are transmitted essentially on the upper part of the device box.

Ainsi, contrairement aux dispositifs d'ancrage en béton pour lesquels les efforts sont essentiellement repris par une partie haute du dispositif enfoui dans le sol, les efforts subis par un édifice 91 relié à un dispositif selon l'invention est réparti différemment suivant leur direction.Thus, unlike concrete anchoring devices for which the forces are essentially taken up by a high part of the device buried in the ground, the forces undergone by a building 91 connected to a device according to the invention is distributed differently according to their direction.

Les jonctions chapes jouent un rôle important dans le dispositif selon l'invention en lui conférant une bonne flexibilité et en permettant ainsi une absorption des efforts transmis de l'édifice 91 au dispositif. On entend par « bonne flexibilité » la propriété qu'a le dispositif à se déformer sous des efforts importants sans sortir de son domaine élastique.The screed junctions play an important role in the device according to the invention by giving it good flexibility and thus allowing absorption of the forces transmitted from the building 91 to the device. “Good flexibility” is understood to mean the property that the device has of deforming under significant forces without leaving its elastic range.

L'élément d'interface 20 est dimensionné sur le plan structurel pour transmettre les efforts qui seront appliqués sur la structure ancrée au sol par le dispositif. En particulier, sa rigidité sera telle que l'élément d'interface 20 ne se déformera pas sensiblement sous les efforts appliqués, en tout cas ledit élément d'interface 20 ne sortira pas de son domaine élastique.The interface element 20 is dimensioned structurally to transmit the forces which will be applied to the structure anchored to the ground by the device. In particular, its rigidity will be such that the interface element 20 will not deform appreciably under the forces applied, in any case said interface element 20 will not leave its elastic range.

Avantageusement, l'élément d'interface 20 est réalisé en métal tel qu'un acier protégé contre la corrosion.Advantageously, the interface element 20 is made of metal such as a steel protected against corrosion.

Avantageusement, des rondelles anti-vibrations sont placées aux points de liaison entre les goujons de caisson 30 et la structure caissonnée 10. La mise en œuvre de ces rondelles anti-vibrations permettra de limiter les vibrations dues par exemple à du vent ou à un roulage des véhicules, lesquelles vibrations sont susceptibles d'endommager le dispositif au niveau des points de liaison.Advantageously, anti-vibration washers are placed at the connection points between the box studs 30 and the box structure 10. The implementation of these anti-vibration washers will make it possible to limit the vibrations due for example to wind or to rolling. vehicles, which vibrations are likely to damage the device at the connection points.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut être adapté en fonction des dimensions de l'édifice 91 à y ancrer, typiquement sa masse et ou sa hauteur.The device according to the invention can be adapted as a function of the dimensions of the building 91 to be anchored there, typically its mass and or its height.

Un cylindre tampon 32 à section annulaire, préférentiellement réalisé en polyuréthane composite, est avantageusement mis en place sur les goujons de caisson 30, tel qu'illustré sur les Figures 10 et 11. Le cylindre tampon 32 est placé en-dessous de la fixation entre goujon de caisson 30 et élément d'interface 20, et séparé d'un écrou de la fixation par une rondelle en acier 33.A buffer cylinder 32 with annular section, preferably made of composite polyurethane, is advantageously placed on the box studs 30, as illustrated on the Figures 10 and 11 . The buffer cylinder 32 is placed below the fixing between box stud 30 and interface element 20, and separated from a nut of the fixing by a steel washer 33.

Avant son installation, la longueur au repos du cylindre tampon 32 est d'environ 85mm. Lors du montage du dispositif, le cylindre tampon est comprimé de sorte que sa longueur est alors d'environ 80mm.Before its installation, the length at rest of the buffer cylinder 32 is approximately 85mm. When mounting the device, the buffer cylinder is compressed so that its length is then about 80mm.

Le cylindre tampon 32 permet de modifier la flexibilité du dispositif et ainsi d'adapter le dispositif à l'édifice 91 qui doit y être ancré ou à la nature du sol destiné à recevoir ledit édifice. Un serrage important des fixations entre élément d'interface 20 et goujons de caisson 30 permet de réduire l'élasticité en torsion du dispositif, permettant l'installation d'un édifice 91 lourd ou de grande hauteur. De la même manière, un serrage peu important permet d'augmenter l'élasticité en torsion du dispositif, rendant ledit dispositif plus adapté à un édifice 91 léger ou de hauteur peu importante.The buffer cylinder 32 makes it possible to modify the flexibility of the device and thus to adapt the device to the building 91 which must be anchored therein or to the nature of the ground intended to receive said building. Significant tightening of the fasteners between interface element 20 and box studs 30 makes it possible to reduce the torsional elasticity of the device, allowing the installation of a heavy or very tall building 91. In the same way, a slight tightening makes it possible to increase the torsional elasticity of the device, making said device more suitable for a light building 91 or of little height.

La dureté du cylindre tampon (32) est préférentiellement sensiblement égale à 90 Shore A.The hardness of the buffer cylinder (32) is preferably substantially equal to 90 Shore A.

Avantageusement, le cylindre tampon est encastré dans la chape supérieure de la jonction chape associée au goujon de caisson 30 sur lequel le cylindre tampon est mis en œuvre. Le cylindre tampon est ainsi protégé mécaniquement et protégé des rayons UV, dans le cas où le dispositif selon l'invention n'est pas destiné à être enterré. Cette disposition permet également d'augmenter la surface de contact du cylindre tampon avec le goujon de caisson 30, et ainsi de mieux répartir les efforts subis par l'édifice.Advantageously, the buffer cylinder is embedded in the upper yoke of the yoke junction associated with the box stud 30 on which the buffer cylinder is implemented. The buffer cylinder is thus mechanically protected and protected from UV rays, in the case where the device according to the invention is not intended to be buried. This arrangement also makes it possible to increase the contact surface of the buffer cylinder with the box stud 30, and thus to better distribute the forces undergone by the building.

Le poids de la terre ainsi que la pression qu'elle exerce sur le dispositif, en particulier :

  • sur les panneaux 15 des caissons ;
  • sur le plateau d'embase 12 ;
créent une retenue à l'arrachement, à l'enfoncement, à la rotation et à l'inclinaison.The weight of the earth and the pressure it exerts on the device, in particular:
  • on the panels 15 of the boxes;
  • on the base plate 12;
create restraint against tearing, sinking, rotation and tilting.

Dans un mode simplifié de mise en œuvre, le dispositif n'est pas enterré, ou pas totalement enterré, et tout ou partie de la stabilité de l'ancrage est assurée par le poids du dispositif lorsque les caissons sont remplis d'un matériau pesant.In a simplified embodiment, the device is not buried, or not fully buried, and all or part of the stability of the anchoring is ensured by the weight of the device when the boxes are filled with a heavy material .

La mise en œuvre des caissons latéraux 14 permet une meilleure répartition des contraintes d'efforts. Le nombre, la forme et les dimensions relatives des caissons latéraux peuvent être différents des modes de réalisation décrits. Egalement le caisson central peut être de section non carrée et être formé par exemple avec un assemblage de trois ou plus de quatre panneaux verticaux sans s'éloigner de l'invention.The implementation of the side boxes 14 allows a better distribution of the stresses. The number, shape and relative dimensions of the side boxes may be different from the embodiments described. Also the central box can be of non-square section and be formed for example with an assembly of three or more than four vertical panels without departing from the invention.

La Figure 9a représente des configurations possibles d'agencement de caissons dans une forme de réalisation comprenant un caisson central 11 de section carrée et au plus quatre caissons latéraux 14 triangulaires. Le nombre de caissons pourra être ajusté en fonction des dimensions de l'édifice à ancrer au sol, en particulier son poids et sa hauteur.The Figure 9a shows possible configurations of arrangement of boxes in an embodiment comprising a central box 11 of square section and at most four side boxes 14 triangular. The number of boxes can be adjusted according to the dimensions of the building to be anchored to the ground, in particular its weight and height.

De la même manière, la Figure 9b représente des configurations possibles d'agencement de caisson dans deux formes de réalisation alternatives dans lesquelles respectivement les caissons latéraux sont de section carrée et le caisson central 11 est de section hexagonale.Similarly, the Figure 9b shows possible configurations of box arrangement in two alternative embodiments in which respectively the side boxes are of square section and the central box 11 is of hexagonal section.

Avantageusement, les panneaux des caissons seront tous identiques et seront faits d'un matériau polymères, par exemple en polyéthylène. Ce type de matériau présente l'avantage d'être suffisamment rigide, c'est-à-dire qu'il ne se déformera pas sensiblement sous les efforts appliqués, en tout cas ne sortira pas de son domaine élastique. Les polymères sont par ailleurs plus légers et moins fragiles que du béton, moins sensibles également aux attaques chimiques que d'autres matériaux comme des métaux. Ces propriétés limitent :

  • le coût d'acheminement et d'installation,
  • le temps d'installation,
  • les risques d'accidents sur site liés à la mise en œuvre,
  • la structure peut donc être enlevée, permettant d'éviter une pollution des sols.
Advantageously, the panels of the boxes will all be identical and will be made of a polymeric material, for example polyethylene. This type of material has the advantage of being sufficiently rigid, that is to say that it will not deform appreciably under the applied forces, in any case will not leave its elastic range. Polymers are also lighter and less brittle than concrete, and also less sensitive to chemical attack than other materials such as metals. These properties limit:
  • the cost of routing and installation,
  • installation time,
  • risks of accidents on site linked to implementation,
  • the structure can therefore be removed, making it possible to avoid soil pollution.

Par ailleurs, un matériau polymère présente d'autres avantages :

  • il peut être issu d'un recyclage ;
  • il est résistant à l'acidité des sols, il peut donc être enterré longtemps sans subir de dommages préjudiciables à la résistance du dispositif.
In addition, a polymer material has other advantages:
  • it can come from recycling;
  • it is resistant to the acidity of the soil, it can therefore be buried for a long time without suffering damage detrimental to the resistance of the device.

Avantageusement, les faces des caissons central 11 et ou latéraux 14 et du panneau d'embase 12 sont nervurées. Ainsi raidis, les panneaux 15 nervurés des caissons 11 et ou latéraux 14 ou du panneau d'embase peuvent présenter des propriétés mécaniques équivalentes à celle de caissons plus épais non nervurés, permettant ainsi un gain de masse et donc une économie de coût, et une manipulation plus aisée desdits panneaux 15.Advantageously, the faces of the central boxes 11 and or side 14 and of the base panel 12 are ribbed. Thus stiffened, the ribbed panels 15 of the boxes 11 and or lateral 14 or of the base panel can have mechanical properties equivalent to that of thicker ribbed boxes, thus allowing a saving in mass and therefore a cost saving, and a easier handling of said panels 15.

Dans une forme de réalisation, le caisson central 11 est rempli de terre ou de tout autre élément constitutif du sol dans lequel ledit caisson est enterré, puis fermé à ses deux extrémités afin d'assurer une étanchéité et éviter un drainage.In one embodiment, the central box 11 is filled with earth or any other constituent element of the soil in which said box is buried, then closed at its two ends in order to ensure a seal and avoid drainage.

L'invention est donc une alternative pratique, économique et écologique aux dispositifs d'ancrage existant actuellement sur le marché, notamment les dispositifs en béton.The invention is therefore a practical, economical and ecological alternative to the anchoring devices currently existing on the market, in particular concrete devices.

Elle peut être adaptée à diverses situations, plus ou moins temporaires, par exemple signalisation voirie ou ancrage de constructions diverses, ou, dans une forme de réalisation hors sol, manifestations temporaires par exemple manifestations sportives.It can be adapted to various situations, more or less temporary, for example road signage or anchoring of various constructions, or, in an above-ground embodiment, temporary events for example sporting events.

Claims (20)

  1. A ground anchoring device including an interface element (20) to which a building (91) to be anchored to the ground is to be fastened, the device including a boxed structure (10), said interface element (20) being fastened to an upper part of said boxed structure (10), said boxed structure (10) including:
    - a central box (11) determining a substantially cylindrical hollow volume (111) resulting from the assembly of at least three box panels (15), said panels (15) being held together by vertical edges;
    - a base panel (12) fastened to a lower part of said central box (11) so as to form a bottom for said central box (11), characterised in that an inner face of each of the panels (15) is equipped on each of its vertical edges with yokes (151) spaced apart and distributed over the considered edge and whose openings are aligned to determine a vertical axis, said yokes (151) on the two vertical edges of the considered panel (15) being arranged in a staggered manner so that when two panels (15) are juxtaposed by a vertical edge, said yokes (151) of one panel interdigitate with said yokes (151) of the other panel (15) with the respective openings aligned, thus allowing to make a yoke junction between said panels (15) using a box stud (30) passing through the aligned openings of said yokes (151) of said panels (15).
  2. The device according to claim 1 characterised in that the boxed structure includes at least two buffer cylinders (32) of annular section, a buffer cylinder (32) being placed on each of the box studs (30) holding the panels (15) of the central box (11) together, between a fastener connecting the interface element (20) to the central box (11), in order to allow adjusting the flexibility of the device by tightening or loosening said fastener.
  3. The device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the boxed structure (10) includes at least one additional lateral box (14) attached to the central box (11), said at least one lateral box (14):
    - determining a substantially cylindrical hollow volume (141) resulting from the assembly of at least three panels (15), including one panel of said central box (11) and at least two additional panels, said at least three panels (15) being held together by vertical edges;
    - being fastened to a lower end to the base panel (12).
  4. The device according to claim 3, characterised in that the at least three panels (15) of the central box (11) on the one hand and the at least two additional panels (15) of the at least one lateral box (14) on the other hand are held together by yoke junctions.
  5. The device according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that each of the panels (15) comprises, on an outer face:
    - two generally cylindrical grooves (152) of a vertical axis disposed on either side of said outer face, parallel to the vertical edges of the considered panel, and constituting female elements;
    - generally cylindrical protuberances (153) of a vertical axis placed on the vertical edges of said panel (15) and constituting male elements;
    said protuberances (153) of a panel (15) being thus insertable into one of said two grooves (152) of another panel (15) to form a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.
  6. The device according to claim 5, characterised in that two of the at least two additional panels are attached to the panel of the central box (11) each by means of a mechanical connection of the sliding pivot type.
  7. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (15) include pre-drilled holes (112).
  8. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one panel (15) is curved.
  9. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (15) are all identical.
  10. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (15) have ribs stiffening the boxed structure (10).
  11. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the panels (15) are at least partly made of a polymer material.
  12. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bottom of the central box (11) is formed by a perforated plate (13) placed between said central box (11) and the base plate (12); which has an opening (121) under said perforated plate (13); said central box (11), base plate (12) and perforated plate (13) being held together.
  13. The device according to claim 12, characterised in that the perforated plate (13) is made of a polymer material.
  14. The device according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterised in that a water-porous fabric is placed above the perforated plate (13) on the inner side of the central box.
  15. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the central box (11) is closed at its two ends.
  16. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the interface element (20) includes a rigid base (22) to which is fastened a riser (23) intended to support an engagement system.
  17. The device according to claim 16 characterised in that the interface element (20) includes a lower platen constituting the rigid base (22), and an upper platen (21), said platens being substantially parallel to each other and connected by a set of partitions (23) forming the riser and interface studs (24) perpendicular to the planes of said platens, said interface studs being threaded at least at their ends.
  18. The device according to claim 16, characterised in that the interface element (20) includes a lower platen constituting the rigid base (22) to which is fastened a tubular riser (23).
  19. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that anti-vibration washers are placed on the structure at the connection points between the boxed structure (10) and the other elements constituting the device.
  20. An assembly including a building (91) fastened to at least one device according to one of the preceding claims characterised in that said building (91) is connected to the interface element (20) via a fastening platen.
EP17706573.7A 2016-02-01 2017-01-26 Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground Active EP3411531B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201730296T SI3411531T1 (en) 2016-02-01 2017-01-26 Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1650777A FR3047262B1 (en) 2016-02-01 2016-02-01 MODULAR DEVICE FOR FORMING AN ANCHOR POINT ON THE GROUND
PCT/FR2017/050177 WO2017134370A1 (en) 2016-02-01 2017-01-26 Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3411531A1 EP3411531A1 (en) 2018-12-12
EP3411531B1 true EP3411531B1 (en) 2020-03-18

Family

ID=57113404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17706573.7A Active EP3411531B1 (en) 2016-02-01 2017-01-26 Modular device for creating an anchor point in the ground

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3411531B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3411531T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2797905T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3047262B1 (en)
SI (1) SI3411531T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017134370A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA180058S (en) * 2018-03-02 2019-03-01 John Rene Spronken Crane base fastener

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4055321A (en) * 1976-12-06 1977-10-25 Symons Corporation Inside concrete corewall form with particular three-way hinge assemblies therefor
US4917543A (en) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-17 Dayco Products, Inc. Wall system employing extruded panel sections
EP1371784A1 (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-17 Alain Antoniazzi Formwork especially for producing solid concrete elements
US7549259B2 (en) * 2003-10-03 2009-06-23 Strata Systems, Incorporated Device for creating a footing
DE102012009850A1 (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-11-21 Hartwig Schwieger Wind energy plant, has foundation, mast, nacelle, and vertically or horizontally rotatably mounted wind rotor, where vibration-resilient connection is provided between mast structure and foundation by large construction bottom plate
CN206844794U (en) * 2013-05-10 2018-01-05 艾瑞电信公司 Base and monopole minor structure for monopole
US20150308140A1 (en) * 2014-04-29 2015-10-29 Are Telecom Incorporated Modular monopole tower foundation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3411531A1 (en) 2018-12-12
WO2017134370A1 (en) 2017-08-10
SI3411531T1 (en) 2020-10-30
FR3047262B1 (en) 2020-04-24
DK3411531T3 (en) 2020-06-22
FR3047262A1 (en) 2017-08-04
ES2797905T3 (en) 2020-12-04

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