WO2021198891A1

WO2021198891A1 - Dry foundation system for anchoring structures

Info

Publication number: WO2021198891A1
Application number: PCT/IB2021/052605
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christelle DURY
Original assignee: SERMENT, Paul
Priority date: 2020-03-31
Filing date: 2021-03-30
Publication date: 2021-10-07
Also published as: FR3108639A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a dry foundation system comprising a base (1) formed of at least one plate (2), the or each plate of the base comprising a first opening (3) on a median portion and second openings (4) on a peripheral surface. An element (5) that is elongate, in particular tubular, is designed to be inserted into the first median opening (3) and a plurality of elements (5) that are elongate, in particular tubular, are arranged in the second, peripheral openings (4) of the base (1), each elongate element (5) disposed in the second, peripheral openings (4) forming an angle (A) of between 15° and 45°, typically between 20° and 25°, with the elongate element (5) disposed in the first, median opening (3). The foundation system is designed to receive a structure to be supported, the bearing point of which is centred on the first, median opening (3) of the base.

Description

DRY FOUNDATION SYSTEM FOR ANCHORING STRUCTURES

The present invention relates to a dry foundation system, without a hydraulic binder such as concrete, for anchoring structures such as buildings, ephemeral structures, photovoltaic supports, fence pillars or signs.

The anchors and the foundations are traditionally made of concrete in the majority of cases. These achievements require significant excavations, the use of significant water and sand resources as well as a significant carbon footprint. Moreover, the use of a hydraulic binder requires a prolonged intervention over several hours or over several days to wait for the drying of said binder before fixing the structure on the foundation.

Depending on the structures to be supported, the presence of concrete becomes a major risk to the structural integrity of the foundations. In the context of building foundations to support cottages, conventional foundations generally include a heavily reinforced, cast-in-place concrete base. There are several problems that are commonly encountered when building such a foundation.

Among the problems to be avoided, there is the fact of having a sufficient quantity of concrete delivered for a continuous casting and avoiding having cold joints, the fact of ensuring the correct installation of the assembly of reinforcing bars in the foundations which must not be neglected at the risk of weakening the strength of the structure on the foundations.

Achievements without concrete have been devised to overcome the aforementioned problems. GB2409873 describes a micropile in the form of a steel tube provided with a bevelled lower end. This micropile carries a projecting circular steel blade welded to its lower end. At its upper part, this micropile is provided with bayonet mounting means for a sleeve. A lower transverse plate is welded to the sleeve. Threaded axial studs are mounted on the periphery of this transverse plate. These threaded studs connect the lower transverse plate to an upper transverse plate on which are fixed the building elements such as a floor.

The known concrete-free devices have many drawbacks, in particular a poor relationship between strength and weight and sensitivity to corrosion.

The aim of the present invention is to provide a system of ecological foundations that is economical, durable, remediable and very simple to implement.

According to the invention, a dry foundation system includes a base consisting of at least one plate, the or each plate of the base having a first opening on a middle part and second openings on a peripheral surface. The system comprises an elongated element, in particular of tubular shape, arranged to fit into the first central opening and several elongated elements, in particular of tubular shape, arranged in the second peripheral openings of the base, each elongate element arranged in the second peripheral openings. forming an angle of between 15 ° and 45 °, typically between 20 ° and 25 °, with the elongate element disposed in the first median opening. The foundation system is arranged to receive a supporting structure whose point of support is centered on the first median opening of the plinth.

In one embodiment, the pedestal has a plurality of overlapping decks, the decks extending evenly from the first opening.

In another embodiment, the base may be of rounded shape.

Preferably, the first opening is perpendicular to a plane represented by the base. In one embodiment, the angle between each elongate member disposed in the second peripheral openings with said elongated member disposed in the first middle opening is defined by a bore through the thickness of the plinth.

In a variant, the angle between each elongate element disposed in the second peripheral openings with said elongate element disposed in the first central opening is defined by the positioning of a movable guide above each second peripheral opening, the movable guide comprising a third opening and being arranged to orient each elongated element so as to make it pass through said third opening and then said second opening peripheral.

In order to adapt to the structure to be supported and to the nature of the ground, the dry foundation system includes accessory elements, either an extension for the extension of the elongated elements placed end to end or an adjustment plate which is superimposed on the other plates forming the base and allowing adjustment of the level of the base and of the structure to be supported.

In one embodiment, one or more plate (s) includes a reinforcing rib extending from the first middle opening to the second peripheral opening.

To simplify the installation of the foundation system, and depending on the structures to be supported, the elongated element has, at its part opposite the base, a bevelled or helical-shaped end.

Depending on the applications and the materials used, the elongated element is of hollow tubular shape, in particular, in section, in the shape of a circle or of a rectangle or in the shape of a cross. In one embodiment, in order to adapt more easily to the structure to be supported, the base is created by an assembly of several plates superimposed in their center and regularly distributed, each plate having a free end beyond the part. superimposed, this free end comprising the peripheral openings. Always to better adapt to the structure to be supported, the base and / or the tubular elements are in the same material or in different materials including metals, alloys, plastics, glass fibers, materials composites, or woods. The dry foundation system according to the present invention consists of elements available in the form of assemblable kits to form a dry foundation.

Thus, there is a kit for each type of structure such as a chalet, a building, a garage, a shelter, a fence post, a solar panel. Some kits correspond to several applications.

Depending on the facilities to be supported, the present invention provides for the assembly of several dry foundation systems linked together to strengthen the strength of the structure to be supported.

The characteristics of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description of several embodiments given purely by way of example, in no way limiting with reference to the schematic figures, in which:

Figure 1 shows a top view of a seven-tube dry foundation system;

Figure 2 shows a bottom view of the dry foundation system of Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a perspective view below of the dry foundation system of Figure 1;

Figure 4 shows a type of plate for constituting a base for the foundation system of Figure 1;

Figure 5 shows three types of elongated elements;

Figures 6A to 6F show accessory elements of the foundation system of the present invention;

Figure 7 shows a top view of a five-pipe dry foundation system;

FIG. 8A shows a top view of a thirteen tube dry foundation system with an adjustment plate; - Figure 8B shows a perspective view of the foundation system of Figure 8A on which is arranged a post base;

- Figures 9A, 9B and 9C show a perspective view of a dry foundation system with five tubes and comprising ribs on each projection of the base;

- Figure 10 shows a rear view of an assembly of four foundation systems arranged to support photovoltaic panels; and

- Figure 11 shows a top view of a four-pipe dry foundation system. As shown in Figure 1, a dry foundation system has a plinth

1 consisting of three plate 2. The base 1 has a first opening 3 (see Figure 4) on its middle part and second openings 4 (see Figure 4) on its peripheral surface.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the system comprises six tubes 5 inserted in the second peripheral openings of the base 1 and a tube 5 inserted in the middle opening. Each tube 5 arranged in the second peripheral openings 4 forms an angle A of between 20 ° and 25 °, with the tube 5 placed in the first middle opening. The foundation system is arranged to receive a structure to be supported, the fulcrum of which is centered on the first opening 3. The dry foundation system, once assembled, takes up the constraints of a structure in elevation, namely the thrust. vertical, tearing, shearing. Indeed, the set of tubes 5 transmits the force to the ground and each of the tubes takes up the force of the tube 5 which is diametrically opposed to it so that the force is transmitted from the plates to the tubes and is therefore distributed on all tubes. In this example, the foundation system comprises plates 2 with a thickness of 1 cm in 316 I steel with a width of 200 mm and a length of 450 mm. Each tube measures 2m. Depending on the force exerted by the supported structure, other dimensions can be envisaged. For hard grounds, the 316 I steel tubes sometimes fitted with a 13 z20 steel point (see figure 6E) depending on the constraints of the soil with a length of 150 to 200 cm depending on stress and a diameter of 33.7 mm and d 'thickness of 4 mm each tube is equipped with a plastic stopper at its end remaining on the outside. The tube lengths may differ depending on the use or even to facilitate handling with shorter tubes, for example twice a meter, and an extension 8 interposed between the two tubes. Still in this example, the plates are assembled in their center by bolting in a grid, the latter subsequently making it possible to accommodate all types of support. Of course, other means of fixing the plates together can be envisaged.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the first middle opening 3 is perpendicular to a plane P represented by the base 1. The angle A between each tube 5 disposed in the second peripheral openings with the tube 5 disposed in the first middle opening 3 is defined by drilling at an angle to the thickness of the base.

The angle A between each tube 5 arranged in the second peripheral openings with the tube 5 arranged in the first median opening can be defined by the positioning of a movable guide 6 (see FIG. 6C) above each second peripheral opening, the movable guide 6 comprising a third opening 7 and being arranged to orient each tube 5 so as to cause it to pass through said third opening 7 and then said second peripheral opening. The dry foundation system comprises accessory elements such as an extension 8 (see figure 6F) for the extension of the tubes placed end to end, an adjustment plate 10 (see figure 6B), and an extension plate 9 (see figures 6A and 6A ') which are superimposed on the other plates 2 forming the base and which allows adjustment of the level of the base and of the structure to be supported. As illustrated in Figures 9A, 9B and 9C, the dry foundation system comprises two plates 2 having a reinforcing rib 11 extending from the first middle opening 3 towards the second peripheral opening 4.

In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, a base 1 comprises three projections on which, at the end of each, is disposed a tube 5. A fourth tube 5 is arranged in the center of the base. In order to reinforce the structure of such a base, a rib 11 is placed on each of the projections of the base.

In order to easily penetrate the ground, the tube 5 comprises, at its part opposite the base, a bevelled or helical-shaped end (see FIG. 5). In the example illustrated, the tube 5 is of hollow tubular shape, in section, in the shape of a circle and in the shape of a cross (see Figure 5). The end of the tube which is not buried in the ground can receive a plastic plug 12 (see Figure 6D).

In the examples shown, the foundation system has no welds. Once the plates are assembled, the tubes are inserted into the peripheral openings and the central opening of the plates to penetrate the ground from the center of the plates outwards by means of a removable socket (not shown) arranged to fit together on the end of each tube and fit on a compressed air or electric chipper to allow burying the tubes in the ground. There are also other ways to bury the tubes effortlessly, including tubes with a helical end.

In a variant not shown, the tubes include means for being extracted from the ground. For example, the tube with a helical end can be screwed to be buried in the ground and unscrewed to be extracted from the ground.

As illustrated in Figures 7, 8A and 8B, each foundation system is arranged to receive a fixing system such as a post base or any other system. The plate bolting system allows the post to be leveled. For example, FIG. 7 illustrates a base comprising movable guides 6 arranged to position the four peripheral tubes 5, a fifth tube (not visible in this figure) being positioned in the center of the base and covered with an adjustment plate 10. This adjustment plate 10 includes buttonholes 14 for example to fix a fence post.

As illustrated in FIG. 10, the association of four foundation systems makes it possible to constitute a frame structure arranged to receive a photovoltaic system. Thanks to the dry foundation system of the present invention, its implementation does not require heavy construction equipment but only portable power equipment or even, depending on the depth of burial of the tubes, a tool such as a mass. The dry foundation system of the present invention is environmentally friendly, economical and recyclable. It allows in particular the installation of structures in elevation quickly and easily thanks to its speed of implementation. Thus, without a hydraulic binder such as concrete, the dry foundation system of the present invention allows the anchoring of structures such as buildings, bungalows, containers, ephemeral structures, photovoltaic supports, electric pillars, pillars fence or traffic signs.

Claims

1. Dry foundation system comprising:

- a base (1) consisting of at least one plate (2), the or each plate of the base having a first opening (3) on a middle part and second openings (4) on a peripheral surface; in which an elongated element (5), in particular of tubular shape, is arranged to fit into the first central opening (3) and several elongated elements (5), in particular of tubular shape, are arranged in the second peripheral openings (4 ) of the base (1), each elongated element (5) disposed in the second peripheral openings (4) forming an angle (A) between 15 ° and 45 °, typically between 20 ° and 25 °, with the elongated element ( 5) arranged in the first median opening (3), and in which the foundation system is arranged to receive a structure to be supported, the fulcrum of which is centered on the first median opening (3) of the base.

2. Dry foundation system according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) comprises a plurality of plates (2) superimposed, the plates (2) extending evenly from the first opening (3).

3. Dry foundation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first opening (3) is perpendicular to a plane (P) represented by the base (1).

4. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the angle (A) between each elongate member (5) disposed in the second peripheral openings (4) with said elongated member (5) disposed in the first opening. median (3) is defined by a drilling at an angle to the thickness of the base (1).

5. Dry foundation system according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the angle (A) between each elongate member (5) disposed in the second peripheral openings (4) with said elongated member (5) disposed in the first median opening (3) is defined by the positioning of a movable guide (6) at the above each second peripheral opening (4), the movable guide (6) comprising a third opening (7) and being arranged to orient each elongate element (5) so as to make it pass through said third opening (7) and then said second opening peripheral (4).

6. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising accessory elements, either:

- an extension (8) for the extension of the elongated elements (5) placed end to end; and or

- an adjustment plate (10) which is superimposed on the other plates (2) forming the base and which allows adjustment of the level of the base and of the structure to be supported.

7. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one plate (2) comprises a reinforcing rib (11) extending from the first central opening (3) towards the second peripheral opening (4). .

8. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elongate element (5) has, at its part opposite the base (1), a bevelled or helical-shaped end.

9. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elongate element (5) is of hollow tubular shape, in particular, in section, in the shape of a circle or a rectangle or in the shape of a cross.

10. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (1) is created by an assembly of several plates (2) superimposed in their center and regularly distributed, each plate (2) having a free end at the -beyond the superimposed part, this free end comprising the peripheral openings (4).

11. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base (1) and / or the tubular elements (5) are in the same material. or in different materials, including metals, alloys, plastics, glass fibers, composite materials, and woods.

12. Dry foundation system according to claim 11, wherein the base (1) and / or the tubular elements (5) are made of steel.

13. A dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, in the form of a kit of parts which can be assembled to form a dry foundation.

14. Dry foundation system according to one of the preceding claims, assembled to support a structure such as a chalet, a building, a fence post, a solar panel.

15. Assembly of several dry foundation systems according to claim 14 interconnected to strengthen the strength of the supported structure.