FR3053707B1 - CONSTRUCTIVE WOOD SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

Wooden frame for the construction of a multi-storey building, comprising gantries 10 each provided with two spaced apart uprights 11 and at least one cross member 12 connecting said uprights. The gantries are assembled by their uprights around connectors 21, 22 and 20 to form modules, each connector being attached to at least two uprights and each face of a connector being fixed on at most one upright by one face of said upright. The frame further comprises double connectors 20 on each of which are fixed four gantries of a lower stage and four gantries of an upper stage so as to form a cruciform assembly of gantries as shown in the figure opposite. The assembly of the framework is carried out according to a method comprising steps of juxtaposition and superposition of the modules that are raised, moved and placed by a suitable lifting system.

Description

Wood construction system and method of assembling the system

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention belongs to the field of building and real estate construction. The invention more particularly relates to a timber construction system and its assembly process.

STATE OF THE ART The architecture and specificities of timber frame buildings are diverse and varied. Whether designed and built according to a common or customized model, the building must respect the standards in force in the country of accomplishment according to the rules of the art, in order to guarantee the comfort of its occupants.

Wood frame construction remains a preferred technique in many regions of the world depending on the abundance of forest resources. Many solutions were then developed to meet the needs of this type of construction. It is known to produce wood frames using frames arranged in different ways and fixed by conventional mechanisms in the wood industry.

Document FR2575203, for example, describes frames assembled to angledroit by means of alternating blocks forming a tenon-mortise assembly traversed by a fixing pin. This solution must be adapted to each architecture in particular, and does not present a standard model of construction allowing time saving during the design phase of the building. There are also solutions allowing the realization of modular frameworks from basic elements. By way of example, the document FR2560248 describes a wood structure made by assembling uprights and crosspieces with metal gauges, forming juxtaposed cubic structures. This solution and the similar existing solutions do not allow the realization of floor structures and remain adapted to constructions of limited dimensions as individual houses.

However, there are solutions allowing the realization of houses of some floors. GB2338004 gives the example and describes a building structure comprising a plurality of interconnected modulescomprising amounts connected by upper beams. The disadvantage of such a solution lies in the nature of the fasteners which are entirely made by combinations of machined shapes in the wooden parts to be assembled, itprocure a rather limited structural resistance and does not achieve an important number of stages whose floor area remains quite limited.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

On the basis of this state of affairs, the Applicant proposes a solution that overcomes the limitations of the prior art and describes a frame intended for the construction of a multi-storey building, comprising porticoes each provided with two spaced apartmountings and at least one connecting crossbeam. said amounts.

This framework is remarkable in that the gantries are assembled speakers around connectors, each connector being fixed to at least two uprights and each face of a connector being fixed on at most one upright by one side of said upright.

Advantageously, each connector mainly comprises a tubecylindrical square cross section and each upright is a prismatic beam of rectangular straight section having a constant thickness over at least a useful length, in contact with a connector.

More particularly, the framework comprises parallelepipedal modules each formed by four gantries and connectors, each vertical edge of a module having at least one connector connecting the two uprights located at said vertical head. The modules thus formed are units of construction andconve a great modularity to the framework.

According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, ossaturecomporte at least two cubic modules connected by at least one connector, said connector being fixed on a vertical edge common to said modules so as to form a cruciform assembly of four gantries around said connector.

In order to achieve multi-storey buildings, the framework comprises at least two superposed cruciform assemblies, formed by gantries connected by a double connector fixed on four uprights at each of its ends.

Advantageously, to better withstand the lateral loads, the frame ismunie braced porticoes in which each cross is a poutretriangulé having a upper beam, the upper smooth, and a lower beam, the low rail, connected by a mesh of sheets.

In addition, the frame advantageously comprises joists connecting destraverses vis-à-vis and allowing the installation of floors in the building.

According to a basic principle of the invention, an upper part of a double connector is fixed on the lower ends of four uprights of a higher stage and a lower part of said double connector is fixed on the upper ends of four other uprights of a lower stage. . The frame also comprises upper single connectors fixed on the upper ends of uprights, as well as lower single connectors fixed to the lower ends of the uprights, and possibly intermediate single connectors fixed on central parts of uprights.

Advantageously, the uprights, crosspieces and joists of the framework are mainly made of wood, and the connectors are mainly metallic.

The construction of a multi-storey frame as described follows a method comprising steps of juxtaposition and superposition of assembled modules around connectors.

Advantageously, the framework is completed by closing gates each placed perpendicular to two parallel gantries, said parallelportiques each belonging to a different module.

In addition, the studs of the frame formed by less than four uprights sontrenforced by reinforcing amounts to form poles quatremontants. The frame is built against a support structure comprising stairs and at least one wall, for example concrete, of the same height as the finished structure to reduce the effects of wind during assembly.

To do this, the modules of the frame are lifted, moved and placed by a platform coupled to a crane.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the structural modules of the frame are prefabricated in the factory and delivered to the site via descontainers.

Advantageously, in the case of buildings of suitable dimensions, the frame is delivered integrally and in one go in a container.

The basic concepts of the invention just described in their most basic form, other details and characteristics will become clearer reading the description which follows and with reference to the attached drawings, giving as an example not An embodiment of a wooden frame and its assembly method according to the principles of the invention are limiting.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

On the same drawing the different parts are not necessarily represented on the same scale and the different drawings are not necessarily on the same scale. On the different drawings, identical elements carry the same reference mark.

Fig. 1a is a perspective illustration of a cubic module with cranescontreventés according to the invention;

Fig. 1b is a perspective illustration of a cubic module with nonconstructed gantries, revealing part of a floor covering;

Fig. 2 illustrates the module of Figure 1a raised by a lifting system;

Fig. 3 shows the laying operation of the module of Figure 2 on a parcel, ground floor, against a concrete structure;

Fig. 4 is an exploded front view of a braced gantry according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a perspective illustration of a truss cross, truncated at its two ends, according to the invention;

Fig. 6 is a perspective detail of a double connector connecting two gantries;

Fig. 7a is a top view of a cubic module comprising joists, the connectors between the amounts not being represented;

Fig. 7b is a top view of two cubic modules assembled, each by an edge, forming a central post with four uprights;

Fig. 8 is an exploded axonometric perspective view of a cross-shaped assembly of gantries around a double connector;

Fig. 9 is an isometric perspective of part of a framework according to the invention; 10 illustrates different types of connectors according to the invention;

Fig. 11 is a detail in plan view of a cruciform assembly of fourportiques;

Fig. 12 illustrates possible configurations and plan shapes for the platinum connectors according to the invention;

Fig. 13 is a floor plan of a floor of a building made according to the principles of the invention;

Fig. 14 is a perspective illustration of a wood frame building according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Figure 9 shows an example of frame 100 according to the principles of the invention, said frame is intended for the construction of a building and is carried out according to the method presented in the following description. The invention is described in detail in the embodiment of a modular wooden frame 100, parts of which are shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 8 and 9, mainly comprising gantries 10 assembled around simple disconnectors , 21 and 22, and doubles 20, to form cubic or parallelepipedal modules.

In addition, each module 40 formed in the frame 100 of a buildingconstitutes a spatial unit in the architecture of said building, in other words, a volume of said module is intended to be habitable or usable and is adaptable to different planes allowing a freedom of movement. interior partitions for example.

In the embodiment described, the frame 100 mainly comprisesassembly of gantries 10, forming modules 40, around simple connectors, upper 21 and lower 22, and double 20. In addition, joists 30 connect gantries vis-à- screw as shown in perspective in FIGS. 1a and 1b.

In the remainder of the description, the terms "up", "down" and expressions that may be associated with them will be understood, unless otherwise stated or understood, as having the meaning that an observer of the building would give them. axis shown in Figure 1a, the top is located on the building side positive Z.

Each gantry 10, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, is rectangular in shape and comprises two vertical uprights 11 and a horizontal strut 12. The uprights 11 are parallel and spaced, the cross member 12relie said amounts by their upper ends.

Each upright 11 of this exemplary embodiment is a square sectional prismatic beam and has upper, 110 and 111, lower 112 and intermediate fixing holes 113.

In a preferred embodiment, the posts have a length of 2.96 m and a square cross section of 8 cm side.

The presence of the intermediate fixing holes 113 in the uprights 11 is not required. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the mountings 11 do not include any intermediate fixing holes.

The fixing holes 110, 111, 112 and 113, according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, are arranged in pairs.

The pair of holes 110, illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, is intended for fixing an upper single connector 21 or a double connector 20 on the upright comprising said pair of holes via bolts for example.

In each upright 11, the upper fixing holes 111 are decomposed into two pairs of holes separated by a distance L, shown in FIG. 4, and intended for fastening the cross-member 12 to said upright by pins 104 bonded to the ends of the said cross.

In addition, each upright 11 comprises a pair of lower fixing holes 112 and a pair of intermediate fixing holes 113 respectively for a lower connector and an intermediate connector, these troussont, like the upper holes 110, adapted to bolts.

In each upright 11 according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated, all the fixing holes are made on the same face of said upright. Apart from the upper fixing holes 111 by which is fixed one end of the crossbar to the uprightcomportant said upper fixing holes, all other fixing holes aretraversants and open on the face opposite the face of said upright on which is fixed said crossbar as shown on the Figure 6, the cylinders interrupted line illustrating through holes.

In an alternative embodiment not illustrated, all the fixing holes are through.

The cross member 12, according to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, is a braced beam having two beams, an upper beam 121formant the upper arm and a lower beam 122 forming the lower arm, connected by a lattice of triangular records 123.

The upper and lower beams 122 122, according to this embodiment, are identical, each of said beams is prismatic rectangular section rectangle and comprises a pair of pins 124 bonded to each end. In addition, the upper and lower beams 122 and 122 are separated by a distance substantially equal to the distance L between the two pairs of upper fixing holes 111 intended for fixing the crosspiece 12 so that at each end of said crossmember, the two pairs of studs 124 are spaced apart from the resistance L allowing the assembly of the cross member 12 and the two uprights 11 to form a gantry 10.

Each stud 124 of the cross member 12 is shaped to be fixed in an upper attachment hole 111 of a post 11.

In an exemplary embodiment not shown, at least one beam latraverse 12 is a lintel resting by its two ends on surfacesconformed in the uprights 11 of the gantry comprising said cross.

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1a, 2, 3, 4 and 5, thepoutrelles of the cross member 12 are connected by vertical pins 123 and diagonal so as to form a lattice structure of triangular mesh 125. This structure effectively takes the forces experienced by the sleeper in a finished construction comprising said sleeper. The upper beam 121 works in compression while the lower beam 122 works in traction, the pins 123 as for it avorezle twisting said beams.

Each mesh 125 of the cross member 12 is a right triangle. In addition, the mesh 125 of the cross member 12 are arranged so that two adjacent meshes have their hypotenuses either merged or intersecting at a common vertex said adjacent meshes.

There is thus formed a lattice girder type "Warren with uprights", materialized by the cross member 12, whose upper and lower strings, the diagonals and the uprights are respectively formed by the upper beam 121 and lower 122, the diagonal pins 123 and the 123verticals.

The structure described above has advantageous features of resistance, rigidity and lightness, while incorporating normalized elements of the bar type which have a simplicity of industrial manufacture and assembly.

Incidentally, metal joining plates 126 and / or reinforcements are fixed to the cross-member 12 at the vertices of the meshes 125 as shown in FIG. 5, each plate being fixed by a first half to a paddle 121 or 122 and by a second half to one or more sheets 123.

The plates 126 have two different sizes depending on the number of marks on the ends of which a plate is fixed: a plate is smaller when it is fixed to a single plug, and larger when it is fixed to three files according to the configuration of the triangulated crossbar described above.

The plates 126 allow the assembly of the crosspiece during manufacture in the factory. They are MiTek® type, that is, galvanized steel plates with fixing teeth and or holes for nails and screws.

In addition, the reinforcing plates 126 make it possible to stiffen the nodes presenting a greater vulnerability in the structure of the crosspiece 12.

Triangulated crosspieces, as described above, allow gantries which contain said sleepers to withstand better in case of significant lateral stresses, such as wind loads during the construction phase, theypresent thus a useful bracing for certain positions in the frame more prone to lateral stresses.

However, the bracing of the cross members 12 is not necessary in case of low lateral stresses. Unbroken cross members 12 formed by single beams are also used in the present invention as shown in FIGS. 1b, 8 and 9.

The unbraced gantries are each formed by two uprights 11reliés by a crossbar 12 in the form of a simple beam, bar type for example.Accessairement, each corner formed by a post 11 and a cross 12 isplaced a strut 13. The struts 13 become indispensable when the reach of sleepers become critical, 4 or 5 m for example.

The gantries 10 are connected to each other, via their uprights 11, by single disconnectors 21, 22 and 23 or double 20 and 20a according to their locations in the frame 100.

In addition, the gantries of the ground floor are fixed by studs 61 sealed to the slab as described below.

The different connectors, according to the embodiment described, are illustrated in FIG.

Each single upper connector 21, according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1a, 1b, 2 and 10, is a cylindrical tube of square cross-section of sideE. In addition, the E side of each connector is substantially equal to a thickness of the post 11 on which said connector is attached.

This last condition is not required and the connectors may have a smaller or larger than the thickness of the amounts which corresponds to the width of the faces of said uprights on which said connectors are fixed.

Each single top connector 21 of this exemplary embodiment has, on each of its faces, a pair of fastening holes 24 arranged so that each fastening hole 24 of said connector is opposite an upper fixing hole 110 of FIG. an amount 11 when said connector is mounted on said mount.

In a preferred embodiment, the connection between a connector and a mount is provided by bolting for example.

The above description also applies to each lower single connector 22 by considering the lower mounting holes 112 of the uprights 11 in the middle of the upper fixing holes 111 of said uprights.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, the uprights 11 each comprise a pair of intermediate fixing holes 113 possibly for an intermediate single connector 23. Advantageously, thecouples formed by the intermediate fixing holes 113 are identical to the holes formed by the holes 110 and / or lower fasteners 112 so that the upper single connectors 21 and lower 22 are adapted to realize the intermediate fasteners between the uprights 11.

The role of any intermediate fasteners between the amounts is to avoid a central gap between the amounts that can be caused by vertical loads when said amounts are held together by two points d'appuisextrémaux.

In a preferred embodiment, the pairs of upper, lower and intermediate attachment holes are identical. Therefore, all single, upper, lower, and intermediate 23, identical, connectors as shown in FIG. 10. This solution has an industrial advantage in the manufacture of parts that are identical.

Each single connector 21 and 22 has four faces and is fixed on at most four uprights 11.

Each upright 11 connected by a single connector is fixed by one of its faces to a face of said single connector. When an amount is secured to aretrute 12, the face by which said amount is fixed on a single connector is opposed to the face of said amount by which is fixed said cross.

Two frames 10, of the frame 100, are thus assembled by a simple connector 21 and or 22, being aligned or perpendicular, in a transverse plane, as shown in Figures 7a and 7b.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b, four gantries10 are assembled via single, upper, and lower connectors 22, as described above so as to form a cubic module 40 which is used in the construction of the framework 100 which it constitutes a unit.

Figure 7a illustrates the arrangement of gantries 10 in a cubic module 40, the connectors not being shown between the uprights 11, in which arrangement two adjacent gantries form a right angle to a single common edge.

In addition, depending on the dimensions of the crosspieces 12 and the uprights 11, parallelepipedal modules 41 of volume smaller than or greater than the volume of the cubic modules 40 may be made as in the example shown in FIG. 13.

For example, in a preferred embodiment, ties of length 3.28 m as well as shorter ties 2.18 m in length are used to realize two types of modules: cubic modules forming a frame, an upper surface, square of 3280 x 3280 mm, and parallelepipedic modules forming a rectangular frame of 2180 x 3280 mm.

The modules 40 and 41 made can be connected in a single stage by simple uniconnectors 21 and 22. However, in order to guarantee a multi-stage resistance of the modules by superimposing on each other, the solution proposed by the present invention consists in using connectors double 20 and 20apouvant connect, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated, eight modules on two successive shelves of the frame 100.

Each double connector 20, according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 10, comprises a tube 201, provided with fixing holes 24 at its two ends, and a central plate 202, said double connector being able to be associated with two single connectors, an upper connector on one side of the turntable and a lower connector on the other side of said turntable.

In this embodiment, the tube 201 of each double connector 20 is cylindrical of square cross section and has on each of its outer faces two pairs of fixing holes 24, a torque at each end dudittube. In addition, each tube 201 has the same transverse dimensions as the tubes constituting the single connectors 21 and 22.

Each outer face of the tube 201 of a double connector 20 is in contact with a face of an upper upright 11 by an upper portion of said outer face and a face of a lower upright 11 by a lower portion of said outerface, when said double connector is assembled in the frame 100 according to the principles of the invention.

This condition is not required and a double connector 20 may have one or more free faces, on which no amount is fixed, when saidconnector is assembled in the frame 100.

The pairs of fastening holes 24 of each double connector 20 are spaced at heights adapted to allow each of said fastener holes to be opposite an upper or lower mounting hole 110 of an upright 11 when said double connector is attached to said amount.

The middle plate 202 of each double connector 20, according to the example of the illustrated embodiment, is square-shaped in shape and has a small thickness compared to the height of the tube 201, in addition, said plate is arranged in the median plane of said tube.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, the plate 202 of a double connector 20 has the same planes of symmetry as the tube 201dudit double connector, in other words, the central longitudinal axis of said tube passes through the center said platen being perpendicular to the faces of said platen.

This condition, however, is not required and other forms of plates with off-center positions of the tube of a platinum connector are possible. Figure 12 illustrates some possible configurations of double connectors 20 and or pads 61 for attachment to the slab. The plates have a square shape, cross or triangular for example.

The plate 202 of each double connector 20 has a section of sufficient area for each upright 11 on which is attached said doubleontoitonthe contact with one of its bases, lower or upper, and integrally, a face, upper or lower, of said platen. The square section of the plate 202 has a side equal to three times the side of the square base of an upright 11 for example.

The presence of the plate around a double connector is however not obligatory, double connectors 20a according to the embodiment shown in Figures 6, 10 and 11 do not include plates. This makes it possible to get rid of the interfaces, formed by the plates, between the superimposed uprights for a better transmission of vertical forces with wood / wood supports.

The plates 202 nonetheless allow termite protection and better insulation between the levels in case of fire, and for structural partials presenting a greater danger in case of breakage namely poles formed by the amounts.

The double connectors 20 and 20a make it possible to produce, on each of these halves, a cruciform assembly of four gantries 10. It is thus realized an assembly in the form of two superimposed crosses, the branches of which are formed by gantries, as illustrated by the exploded view of FIG. 8 shows an isolated subassembly of the frame 100. The frame 100 shown in FIG. 9 is an example of an assembly of four cubic modules 40, three lower modules and an upper module, around a double connector 20.

In order to install the floors on the frame 100, said ossaturecomporte joists 30 to each module 40 as shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2 and 3. Figure 1b illustrates in particular a portion of the floor 31 placed on the olives 30 of module 40.

Each joist 30, according to the exemplary embodiment illustrated, is a rectangular cross-section beam, thus forming a bar-like element, and connects two cross-members 12 facing each other in a module 40 of the frame 100.

In a frame 100 and in the case of braced porticoes, each floor 30 is fixed by a first end to the upper beam 121 of a first cross member 12 and a second end to the upper beam 121 of the cross member 12 opposite said first cross member, said joist being perpendicular to said sleepers.

In the case of unbraced gantries, each joist 30 is fixed, at each end thereof, to the single beam of a cross member 12 as shown in Figure 1b.

The number of joists 30 connecting two crosspieces 12 depends on the length of said sleepers and a spacing distance between two consecutive joists, calculated according to the structural and vibratory constraints according to the rules of art.

In addition, in a preferred embodiment, the joists 30 are matched to the crosspieces 12 via walls on which said joists are in half-timber type support for example.

The shapes and dimensions of the structural elements described are nonlimiting, they are given for illustrative purposes to properly characterize a embodiment of the invention. The principles of the invention make it possible, for example, to produce uprights comprising more than four faces, for example, with straight sections of regular polygonal shapes, or to make modular connectors that can connect three superimposed modules on three levels.

In order to achieve a wood frame 100 according to the principles of the invention, it is necessary to follow the steps which are detailed in the following description. The described method can in no way be limiting to the scope of the invention and is given by way of example. The frame 100, before assembly, according to the described embodiment, consists of one part in complete cubic modules 40, that is to say, including four gantries 10 connected by simple and / or double connectors and possibly joists 30 on the other hand, in closing gantries, and in addition, may comprise reinforcement uprights 11, insulated joists 30 and isolators 20, 21 and 22 insulated.

Before the assembly of the frame 100, the cubic modules 40 and the portico 10 are delivered prefabricated for better performance in the construction. Other modules and other gantries are formed in the frame 100 after assembly of said framework, as a consequence thereof.

In order to lift and move a prefabricated module 40, a platform 50, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, is used, and a cable system 51 and 52.

Gantries 10 are portable manu and allow manual assembly of said gantries in the frame 100.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the platform 50 is a large metal frame. It is according to this example reinforced by two diagonal beams and a small inner frame whose vertices are slightly confused with the milieus of the sides of said large frame.

The platform 50 is of the same section as the upper face of the module 40 raised by said platform, and comprises a suspension cable 51 at each of the vertices. As a result, the suspension cables 51 are vertical when they are stretched by the raised module 40.

In addition, the platform 50 is lifted and moved by a crane, not illustrated, via a lifting hook 53 and a set of cables 52, each connecting one end of said platform to said hook so as to form a pyramid arrangement.

FIG. 13 represents an example of a floor plan of a level of a building immovable with the frame 100 of the invention. There are several ways to achieve an arrangement of cubic modules from prefabricated modules and portals. One of the solutions is detailed in the following paragraph.

In the remainder of the description, the alphanumeric markers make it possible to designate the order and / or the position of the elements which carry them in the construction of the structure.

The prefabricated module M1 is the first module installed, said module beforehand all its connectors. It should be noted that for a prefabricated module 40, the lower connectors are necessarily simple while the upper connectors are single or double depending on the destination of said module in the frame 100. For example, a module 40 intended for the last stage of the frame does not have double top connectors since it receives no modules on top.

Before the installation of the module M1, the lower connectors of said modules sontretirés because the amounts of said module will be placed either against 61 metal studs previously implanted in the slab, or against dual connectors of a module located below the module M1.

The pads 61, according to the embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 10, are similar to the connectors and each comprise a plate 611 612 with 612 for attachment to the slab by means of expansion bolts for example.

In an exemplary non-illustrated alternative embodiment, the studs 61 do not include plates 611 and are sealed in the slab after casting via carp rods.

The lower connectors are removed because one end of an upright can not be attached to more than one connector or pad at a time.

Before the installation of a prefabricated module, the upper connectors serve as anchoring points for the lifting operation of said module using the platform 50.

Once installed, the module M1 is fixed by the lower ends of sesmontants on the studs or double connectors located on site. The edge A1 of the module M1 will then be connected to the module M2, it is necessary to remove the upper connector between the two uprights of the module M1situés at said edge because, failing a lower connector on the edge of the module M2raccordée to the A1 edge, the M2 module uprights located at said edge must necessarily keep their upper connector to not sedésassembler.

Before the installation of the M2 module, all its lower connectors are removed as in the previous case, this condition must be verified for all prefabricated modules.

Once the M2 module placed and fixed by the lower ends of sesmontants, the module M1 is fixed by the edge A1 to the upper connector brought by the module M2. It is thus possible to form a post with four posts at the edge A1. An example of such a post is shown in detail C of Figure 7b.

The same operations described above apply to the installation of modules M3 and M4. Then in order to finalize the mesh of the parcel considered, gantries P5, P6, P7 and P8 closing are placed and fixed to the upper and lower connectors of modules M1, M2, M3 and M4 corresponding. The gantry P5 is for example fixed by the edge A2 to the module M1.

Thus, in this example, there are seven cubic modules 40 from prefabricated demodules and closing gates.

In a preferred embodiment, except for the support wall-based ridges shown in FIGS. 3 and 13, all the ridges each have four uprights. The ridges not comprising four posts after the formation of the framework by the method described above are supplemented by additional amounts. For example, two amounts are added in situ at the edge A3, which included two amounts, and an amount is added to the edge A4, which included only three amounts.

This condition ensures a better strength of the structure of the frame and improves the recovery of efforts by the posts carrying said structure.

Joists 30 are then manually fixed, to allow the realization of floors by laying flooring on said joists.

In an alternative embodiment, the frame 100 is mounted with a minimum of crane means and without prefabrication of the elements in the factory. Lessen assembled assembled items being the frames 10.

The gantries 10 used for the construction of the frame are routed viades containers, the storage of said gantries being less bulky than that of the modules 40, and then discharged near the slab.

The laying of the gantries of the ground floor begins with the corner of the support structure 60 farthest from the unloading space of the container to limit the effort of the workers during the transport of said gantries. The gantries are then assembled using the same technique as previously described in the first method so as to form the modules.

The implementation and assembly of the elements listed in the description following the steps described require less effort without requiring specific knowledge and advanced principles of wood construction.

This advantageously confers on the invention a large field of application and ease of manufacture. The frame 100 and its method of assembly as described are part of an independent unit in the realization of a building 1000, as shown in Figure 14, comprising said frame. This lot, called macro batch, is made after the first batch which is the structural work, namely the construction of the concrete support structure, the hard core, and the layout of the slab on which the frame will rest.

In addition, in the macro batch, the construction of the framework occurs after scaffolding and before the fastenings to the interfaces, the frame, the roof, the waterproofing of the roof terrace, the facades, the exterior carpentry and the metalwork. Other service packages are then used to finalize the construction of the building according to the rules of architecture and engineering known in the field of wooden construction, among which are: - A lot of partitions, doublings, false ceilings and interior carpentry; - A lot of paints, tiles, earthenware and soft floors; - A lot of plumbing; - A lot of electricity;

Claims (4)

1. Frame (100), intended for the construction of a building, formed from demodules (40) and gantries (10) juxtaposed and superimposed, each gantry having two spaced uprights (11) and at least one cross-member (12) connecting said uprights, the modules being formed by at least four gantries, said framework being characterized in that: - the gantries (10) are assembled by their uprights (11) around the connectors (20, 21, 22); the modules (40) are assembled around at least some of the said connectors; - the building has several floors. 2. A frame according to claim 1, wherein each connector (20, 21, 22) comprises mainly a cylindrical tube of square cross section and in which frame each post (11) is a rectilinear rectangular straight section beam having a constant thickness on at least one useful length in contact with a connector. 3. Frame according to claim 2, comprising at least one module (40) formed by four gantries (10) and connectors (20, 21, 22), each vertical edge of said module having at least one connector connecting the twomonths (11) located at said vertical edge. 4. Frame according to claim 3, comprising at least two modules (40) connected by at least one connector (20, 21, 22), said connector being fixed on a vertical edge common to said modules so as to form a collectible assembly of four gantries ( 10) around said connector. 5. Frame according to claim 4, comprising at least two cruciform assemblies of gantries (10), said at least two assemblies being superimposed and connected by a double connector (20) fixed on four uprights (11) at each end of said connector. 6. Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, whereinla at least one cross member (12) is a triangulated beam having an upper gate (121) and a lower beam (122) connected by a wire mesh (123). 7. Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, inlaT which at least two crosspieces (12) vis-à-vis are connected by joists (30). 8. Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one double connector (20), an upper part of said double connector being fixed on the lower ends of four uprights (11) of an upper stage and a lower part of said connector double being attached to the upper ends of four other uprights (11) of a lower floor. 9. A frame according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one upper single connector (21) fixed on the upper ends of four uprights (11), and at least one lower connector (22) fixed on the lower ends of four uprights. (11). 10. Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, whereinla uprights (11), sleepers (12) and joists (30) of said structure are mainly wood. 11. Frame according to any one of the preceding claims, whereinthe connectors (20, 21, 22) are mainly metallic. 12. A method of constructing a frame (100) according to any preceding claim including juxtaposition steps and superposition modules (40) and gantries (10) to form said ossature. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein each connector (20, 21,22) of the frame (100) is fixed to at least two uprights (11) having each of its faces fixed on at most one upright (11). by a face of said mountant. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the frame (100) iscomplément by gantries (10) closing eachpendpendiculately to two parallel gantries, said parallel gantries each belonging to a module (40) different. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein frame posts (100) formed by less than four uprights (11) are supplemented by reinforcements (11) for reinforcing posts to four uprights. 16. The method of claim 14 or 15, wherein the frame (100) isbonstructed against a concrete support structure (60) having at least one wall (62) of the same height as the finished frame. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the support structure (60) comprises at least one staircase (63). 18. A method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the modules (40) of the frame (100) are raised, moved and placed by a platform (50) coupled to a crane type lifting system. 19. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, wherein modules (40) and gantries (10) are prefabricated in the factory and delivered to the site via containers. 20. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, whereinquosseure (100) of a building is delivered integrally and in one go by a container.