EP2649395B1 - Plaque céramique pour superstructures de wagonnet de four tunnel et revêtements réfractaires - Google Patents

Plaque céramique pour superstructures de wagonnet de four tunnel et revêtements réfractaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2649395B1
EP2649395B1 EP11785419.0A EP11785419A EP2649395B1 EP 2649395 B1 EP2649395 B1 EP 2649395B1 EP 11785419 A EP11785419 A EP 11785419A EP 2649395 B1 EP2649395 B1 EP 2649395B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic plate
hollow
ceramic
beams
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11785419.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2649395A1 (fr
Inventor
Erhard Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH
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Saint Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH filed Critical Saint Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH
Publication of EP2649395A1 publication Critical patent/EP2649395A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F27D1/06—Composite bricks or blocks, e.g. panels, modules
    • F27D1/08—Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1678—Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D3/123—Furnace cars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ceramic plate for Brennwagen initialten and refractory linings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its preparation according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • kiln in particular ceramic products
  • They must be fired in an oven.
  • the ceramic products are stored for loading and unloading from the oven on a device that can be used to transport the products.
  • corresponding kiln cars which include Brennwagen initialten from supporting arrangements.
  • the corresponding supports or support systems for the kiln are formed of a plurality of supports and support beams, such as support beams, cross beams and / or plates and are generally referred to as kiln furniture.
  • Ceramic plates for burning cars are or out EP-A 0 002 193 .
  • the kiln furniture are exposed in the kiln high firing temperatures and must maintain this level. They therefore consist of a ceramic material, for. Based on Al 2 O 3 , mullite, RSiC, SiSiC or NSiC. The choice of the respective material depends on the respective operating conditions.
  • the ceramic materials are regularly filled in viscous state in plaster models and dry out in it. The drying of the ceramic materials is associated with a shrinkage process thereof.
  • the kiln furniture must sometimes carry large loads, which requires a high stability of kiln furniture. Moreover, the kiln furniture should already be relatively shatter-proof and resistant to bending during their production process, for example during a sintering process following the drying process.
  • a ceramic plate for Brennwagen initialten and refractory deliveries, which avoids the disadvantages of the above-mentioned prior art, at least partially.
  • a ceramic plate is to be made available, which is very stable during its manufacturing process.
  • the ceramic plate should be usable over the entire high and low temperature range of the kilns as Brennwagen initial and refractory lining, without the ceramic plate is damaged, for example, in the manufacturing process or in the intended use by cracking.
  • a method for producing a ceramic plate is to be provided, which ensures these properties of the ceramic plate and at the same time is easy to carry out.
  • the ceramic plate according to the invention comprises a ceramic plate with a beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement on a lower side of the ceramic plate.
  • the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement extends parallel to a substantially smooth upper side of the ceramic plate.
  • one side of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement is formed by the ceramic plate.
  • the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement contributes due to their beam shape to a particularly high stability of the ceramic plate.
  • the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement reinforces the ceramic plate due to its cavity, without the thickness of the ceramic material varies significantly. Further, the air for circulating the ceramic plate can circulate freely over the cavity. This leads to a uniform drying of the material of the ceramic plate during the manufacturing process.
  • the ceramic plate according to the invention is advantageously produced in a combined casting process comprising a solid casting process and a hollow casting process.
  • a hollow plaster mold comprising the outer shape of the ceramic plate and the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement is filled with a ceramic slurry.
  • the plaster mold extracts moisture from the ceramic slip, so that it solidifies.
  • the solidification process begins at the interface with the plaster mold and continues in the ceramic slurry.
  • the ceramic slurry remains in the gypsum mold until the slurry has completely solidified in the region of the ceramic plate. Subsequently, the remaining liquid slip is removed.
  • solidified slip remains with a wall thickness which corresponds, for example, to 55% to 90% of the thickness of the ceramic plate.
  • the plaster mold is removed and fired the ceramic blank.
  • the ceramic plate according to the invention has a large flat surface on which even large firing materials can be safely stored.
  • Prior art combustor shelves are generally constructed of a plurality of small plates, the individual plates due to different thermal expansion and material tolerances may have a slight slant and thus a certain unevenness in the shelf space. The unevenness in the shelf surface can lead in unfavorable cases to damage the combustible during firing.
  • the ceramic plate Due to the solid bond between ceramic plate according to the invention and beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement, the ceramic plate is stiffer and deforms less under load than in the case of ceramic plates according to the prior art. Due to the ceramic bond between the inventive ceramic plate and beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement heat is better dissipated, which leads to lower thermal stresses and improved thermal shock resistance.
  • the ceramic plate according to the invention preferably contains high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials, preferably silicon carbide and particularly preferably nitride-bonded silicon carbide (NSiC) or synthetic sintered mullite.
  • high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials preferably silicon carbide and particularly preferably nitride-bonded silicon carbide (NSiC) or synthetic sintered mullite.
  • Nitride bonded silicon carbide is nitrided from silicon carbide and silicon metal powder in a nitrogen atmosphere at about 1400 ° C, and as needed depending on the application subsequently oxidized. Workpieces made of nitride-bonded silicon carbide are poorly wettable by non-ferrous metal melts. Workpieces made of nitride-bonded silicon carbide have a high dimensional and surface resistance as well as a high bending strength. Due to their high temperature resistance, nitride-bonded silicon carbide workpieces are outstandingly suitable as kiln furniture for temperatures up to 1500 ° C.
  • Mullite contains alumina and silica. Synthetically sintered mullite has a relatively high strength with a relatively low thermal expansion, resulting in an excellent thermal shock resistance results. It is suitable as kiln furniture for temperatures up to about 1700 ° C.
  • the high stability of the ceramic plate after the manufacturing process is supported by the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement comprises a plurality of hollow beams that intersect, at least one square, such as a rhombus or a rectangle, in particular a square enclose and their cavities form a common cavity.
  • the hollow bars can also enclose at least a triangle or a hexagon.
  • ceramic tiles regularly suffer damage where the temperature gradients are greatest.
  • the temperature gradients can be kept low by ensuring the most balanced possible heat distribution within the ceramic plate.
  • the common cavity of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement of the ceramic plate according to the invention allows a uniform hot air distribution, resulting in lower thermal stresses and improved thermal shock resistance of the ceramic plate.
  • slits or grooves are preferably introduced to increase the elasticity of the ceramic plate, preferably by introducing at least one recess in the ceramic plate or in the underside of the ceramic plate.
  • the recess is for example a slot or a groove, which are preferably formed in a cross shape. Such a slot extends through the entire ceramic plate, whereas the groove is introduced only predetermined deep into the surface of the ceramic plate.
  • the groove can be on the top and / or the bottom, preferably be introduced onto the underside of the ceramic plate. The recess prevents stresses within the ceramic plate from becoming so great as to cause unwanted cracks.
  • the recess and possibly further recesses are preferably introduced into the ceramic plate in the unfired state and have for example a width of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm and / or a length of 5 cm to 15 cm.
  • the length of the recess is preferably from 20% to 80% of the clear width of the area bounded by hollow bars.
  • the elasticity of the plate and thus also the resistance to thermal shocks can be influenced by providing a cross-shaped slot or a cross-shaped groove for at least one or up to each quadrangle which at least partially covers the diagonals of the corresponding quadrangle in a projection onto the corresponding quadrangle ,
  • the cross-shaped slots and grooves are preferably milled into the green ceramic blank.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a bottom 4 of a ceramic plate 2 for Brennwagen initialten and refractory linings.
  • the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6 comprises a plurality of hollow beams 8.
  • One side of the hollow beams 8 is formed by the ceramic plate 2.
  • the remaining sides of the hollow beams 8 have, for example, a U-profile.
  • the hollow beams 8 are formed and arranged to each other so that they form a common cavity 10 and that they surround one or more quadrangles, such as diamonds or rectangles, preferably squares.
  • the diagonals of the squares formed by the hollow bars 8 extend parallel to the outer edges of the ceramic plate 2.
  • the ceramic plate 2 and the hollow bars 8 contain, for example, silicon carbide or nitride-bonded silicon carbide such as the material Advancer® from Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Roedental GmbH, Germany , with a content of silicon carbide of about 68%. Further examples of suitable materials based on silicon carbide or nitride-bonded silicon carbide are AnnaSicon RTH®, Silit SKD® or Crystar® from Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Rödental GmbH, Germany.
  • the ceramic plate 2 is produced, for example, in a combined casting process comprising a solid casting process and a hollow casting process.
  • Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a substantially smooth top 12 of the ceramic plate 2.
  • the smooth top 12 is interrupted.
  • the cross-shaped slots 14 are preferably arranged relative to the hollow beams 8 so that in a projection within each quadrangle formed by the hollow bars 8 is exactly one cross-shaped slot 14, which is well in Fig. 3 It can be seen that the top 12 of the ceramic plate 2 and dashed lines the hidden lines of the hollow bars 8 shows.
  • the slots 14 extend through the entire ceramic plate 2.
  • grooves are provided as recesses which extend only partially through the ceramic plate 2.
  • the hollow beams 8 contribute to a reinforcement and thus high stability of the ceramic plate 2 at.
  • the U-profiles of the hollow beams 8 contribute to a particularly good stability and statics.
  • the thickness d of the material of the ceramic plate 2 is in the region of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6, in particular on the walls of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement approximately constant, see Fig. 4 ,
  • the constant thickness of the walls is from 6 mm to 10 mm.
  • the constant thickness of the walls causes the uniform drying of the ceramic plate 2 during manufacture. As a result, the stability of the ceramic plate 2 is increased during the production, which facilitates the handling of the ceramic plate 2 in process steps that follow the drying.
  • the higher stability provides a lower susceptibility to breakage and lower flexibility of the ceramic plate 2.
  • the cavity 10 supports the uniform drying, as over the cavity 10 air for drying uniformly from all sides the ceramic plate 2 to be dried can flow around.
  • the slots 14 are preferably provided by which an excessive thermal stress is avoided.
  • the slots 14 serve to increase the elasticity of the ceramic plate 2. It is particularly advantageous to form the slots 14 cross-shaped, since in the middle of the ceramic plate 2 or in the middle of individual modules of the kiln furniture 2, the largest voltages are expected.
  • the width a of the cross-shaped slots 14 is from 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, see Fig. 5 , This width corresponds to the typical width of a cut loss when separating the individual modules.
  • the cross-shaped slots 14 are preferably introduced into the ceramic plate 2 in the unfired state.
  • the format of the ceramic plate 2 and / or individual modules is in the width b of 0.8 m to 1.5 m and in the length I of 0.6 m to 3 m.
  • the hollow bars 8 can enclose any rectangles, triangles, hexagons or any shapes.
  • the profile of the hollow beams 8 may deviate from the U-profile, as long as an approximately constant thickness of the material of the ceramic plate 2 is ensured.
  • the profile of the hollow beams 8 may for example be V-shaped and with the boundary by the ceramic plate (2) has a triangular Have cross-section.
  • the profile of the hollow beams 8 may also be shaped such that a trapezoidal cross-section is formed.
  • the shape and number of the cross-shaped slots 14 may differ from the shown shape and number. It can also be provided slots 14 which are not formed cross-shaped. It can even be completely dispensed with slots 14.
  • the relative arrangement of the cross-shaped slots 14 to the hollow beams 8 can be varied.
  • the recesses in particular the shape of the cross and / or their particular arrangement relative to the hollow beams 8 represent independent of the beam-like hollow chamber reinforcement 6 is a separate aspect of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Plaque céramique (2) pour superstructures pour chariots de four de cuisson et revêtements réfractaires contenant une plaque céramique (2), dans laquelle, sur le côté inférieur (4) de la plaque céramique (2) est réalisé un renforcement à chambres creuses sous forme de barres (6), qui s'étend parallèlement au côté supérieur (12) de la plaque céramique (2) et dans laquelle un côté du renforcement à chambres creuses sous forme de barres (6) est formé par la plaque céramique (2),
    dans laquelle
    - le renforcement à chambres creuses sous forme de barres (6) comporte au moins quatre barres creuses (8) et leurs cavités forment une cavité commune (10) ; et
    - les barres creuses (8) sont disposées en croix et entourent au moins un triangle, un quadrilatère, un rectangle, un carré, un losange ou un hexagone.
  2. Plaque céramique (2) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les barres creuses (8) présentent une section transversale rectangulaire, carrée, triangulaire ou trapézoïdale.
  3. Plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les diagonales du quadrilatère sont disposées parallèlement aux bords extérieurs de la plaque céramique (2).
  4. Plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle l'épaisseur des parois des barres creuses (8) s'élève à une valeur de 55 % à 90 % de l'épaisseur de la plaque céramique (2).
  5. Plaque céramique (2) selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle l'épaisseur des parois des barres creuses (8) s'élève à une valeur de 4 mm à 20 mm, de préférence de 6 mm à 10 mm.
  6. - Plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle la plaque céramique (2) présente au moins un évidement.
  7. Plaque céramique (2) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle l'évidement dans la plaque céramique (2) présente au moins une fente (14) ou au moins une rainure dans la surface (12) de la plaque céramique (2).
  8. Plaque céramique (2) selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle la fente (14) ou la rainure sont réalisées en forme de croix.
  9. Plaque céramique (2) selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle le quadrilatère entouré par les barres creuses (8) présente au moins une fente en forme de croix (14) ou une rainure en forme de croix.
  10. Plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 9, dans laquelle l'évidement présente une largeur a de 0,2 mm à 2 mm, de préférence de 0,2 mm à 0,8 mm.
  11. Plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 10, dans laquelle l'évidement présente une longueur de 20 % à 80 % de la largeur intérieure, de la surface délimitée par les barres creuses (8).
  12. Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque céramique (2) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, dans lequel la plaque céramique (2) est fabriquée dans un procédé de coulée combinée, qui comporte un procédé de coulée pleine et un procédé de coulée creuse.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, dans lequel au moins :
    a) un moule creux en plâtre est créé avec la forme extérieure de la plaque céramique (2) et du renforcement à chambres creuses en forme de barres (6) ;
    b) le moule creux en plâtre est rempli par une barbotine de céramique ;
    c) la barbotine de céramique est retirée du moule creux en plâtre, dès que la barbotine de céramique s'est solidifiée dans la zone de la plaque céramique (2).
EP11785419.0A 2010-12-09 2011-11-21 Plaque céramique pour superstructures de wagonnet de four tunnel et revêtements réfractaires Active EP2649395B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010061134A DE102010061134A1 (de) 2010-12-09 2010-12-09 Keramische Platte für Brennwagenaufbauten und Feuerfestzustellungen
PCT/EP2011/070547 WO2012076319A1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2011-11-21 Plaque céramique pour superstructures de wagonnet de four tunnel et revêtements réfractaires

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2649395A1 EP2649395A1 (fr) 2013-10-16
EP2649395B1 true EP2649395B1 (fr) 2017-06-28

Family

ID=45001759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11785419.0A Active EP2649395B1 (fr) 2010-12-09 2011-11-21 Plaque céramique pour superstructures de wagonnet de four tunnel et revêtements réfractaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2649395B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010061134A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUE034559T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012076319A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6113272B2 (ja) 2012-05-23 2017-04-12 サン−ゴバン インドゥストリーケラミク レーデンタール ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングＳＡＩＮＴ−ＧＯＢＡＩＮ ＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅＫｅｒａｍｉｋ Ｒｏｅｄｅｎｔａｌ ＧｍｂＨ 棚システム用のセラミックの板
CN104417833A (zh) * 2013-08-28 2015-03-18 承德天工建材有限公司 一种在吸音板的生产过程中应用的托盘及其生产工艺
CN116387163A (zh) * 2023-03-16 2023-07-04 上海富乐华半导体科技有限公司 一种改善薄型瓷片的dcb基板烧结气泡不良的方法

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1706592U (de) * 1955-03-31 1955-09-08 Steuler Industriewerke Gmbh Unterbaustein fuer tunnelofenwagen u. dgl.
GB1368073A (en) * 1971-01-28 1974-09-25 Gibbons Brothers Ltd Kiln cars
DE2749569C2 (de) * 1977-11-05 1986-06-26 Norbert Dr. 5410 Höhr-Grenzhausen Steuler Brennhilfsmittelbesatz für das einlagige Brennen keramischer Formlinge
JPH03255887A (ja) * 1990-03-06 1991-11-14 Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd 焼成用棚板
EP0927863B1 (fr) * 1997-12-30 2003-05-07 SCHUNK INGENIEURKERAMIK GmbH Superstructure céramique de chariot de four pour des produits crus en céramique
EP0964217B1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 2003-06-25 Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Rödental GmbH Etagère de cuisson pour chariot de four
DE19818136A1 (de) * 1998-04-23 1999-10-28 Haesler Andreas Vorgefertigtes Brennwagensuperdeck mit Wagenisolierung
DE20301347U1 (de) * 2003-01-29 2003-04-03 Kössinger AG, 84069 Schierling Getränkebecher in Form eines Stiefels
PL2251628T3 (pl) * 2008-03-05 2016-07-29 Ngk Insulators Ltd Płyta narzędziowa pieca do wypalania ceramiki
EP2275765B1 (fr) * 2009-07-16 2012-01-04 Saint-Gobain IndustrieKeramik Rödental GmbH Rayonnage à plaques de cuisson transportable

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUE034559T2 (en) 2018-02-28
DE102010061134A1 (de) 2012-06-14
EP2649395A1 (fr) 2013-10-16
WO2012076319A1 (fr) 2012-06-14

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