EP2463869A1 - Composant inductif doté de propriétés de noyau améliorées - Google Patents

Composant inductif doté de propriétés de noyau améliorées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2463869A1
EP2463869A1 EP11191948A EP11191948A EP2463869A1 EP 2463869 A1 EP2463869 A1 EP 2463869A1 EP 11191948 A EP11191948 A EP 11191948A EP 11191948 A EP11191948 A EP 11191948A EP 2463869 A1 EP2463869 A1 EP 2463869A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
inductive component
component according
center piece
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11191948A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2463869B2 (fr
EP2463869B1 (fr
Inventor
Kvetoslav Heiny
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TDK Electronics AG
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Epcos AG
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Priority claimed from DE102011055880.2A external-priority patent/DE102011055880B4/de
Application filed by Epcos AG filed Critical Epcos AG
Publication of EP2463869A1 publication Critical patent/EP2463869A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2463869B1 publication Critical patent/EP2463869B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F2003/106—Magnetic circuits using combinations of different magnetic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inductive component with a winding and a core.
  • Inductive components such as chokes, transformers and transformers are widely used in electrical and electronic circuits.
  • the electrical properties of the inductive components depend on their structure and the properties of the windings and the core.
  • the desired inductive properties can be achieved, for example, by suitable choice or adaptation of the winding and / or the permeability.
  • the permeability can be reduced by a large air gap, but this increases the leakage flux in the air gap and concomitant losses. In particular, it is necessary to improve the properties of the magnetic core.
  • an inductor having a winding and a core comprising a plurality of core regions containing a plurality of different magnetic materials.
  • the inductive component includes the term winding a single-layer and multi-layer winding and one of a plurality of such windings on a core.
  • the different magnetic materials have different magnetic properties.
  • the term different magnetic materials is to be understood to include at least two different magnetic materials or to be a material of a physicochemical composition having partially different magnetic material parameters includes.
  • the parameters can be optimized, for example, with regard to the operating conditions of the areas.
  • Such a magnetic core can basically comprise any core shape, that is to say, for example, core shapes with the designations C, U, E, P, X, toroidal core and other core forms or core shapes derived therefrom.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous to use in core molds having a center column or a center piece.
  • the other core areas are the legs and the yoke areas connecting them to the center piece.
  • the entire core is formed from two core halves, each comprising legs, yokes, and a center piece.
  • the core may include a center piece and separate outer core parts. Other forms of separation are conceivable.
  • the center piece itself contains different materials or the center piece contains a different magnetic material than the other areas of the core or the core is made up of a combination of both alternatives.
  • the different materials may be layered in a preferred embodiment, the layers of which are arranged one behind the other in an alternating sequence, for example in the axial direction of the center column. These layers may be disc-shaped and alternately contain a high permeability layer and a low or no permeability layer.
  • Another preferred embodiment includes a center piece of magnetic material that is different than the magnetic material of the other core portions.
  • Another preferred Embodiment contains combinations of the two aforementioned embodiments.
  • the mechanical connection of the Mittelbutzens with the other core areas is done either by gluing or screwing.
  • the center piece preferably has a central hole through which a plastic screw is inserted, which holds the core together.
  • the parts can also be connected by latching or bracing. This is expedient in particular in the case of two mutually set core halves, because then the one plastic screw simultaneously holds the two core halves together.
  • an air gap is an important functional component, because it considerably reduces the magnetic flux density of the core and, for example, causes a linearization of the magnetization characteristic, so that magnetic saturation of the core material does not occur until higher field strengths.
  • the air gap of storage chokes a substantial portion of the magnetic energy is stored, resulting in disadvantages such as a lower inductance or too high forces.
  • the air gap is typically located between the two centerpieces of the core halves.
  • the proposed inductive component makes it possible to distribute the air gap virtually over the length of the entire Mittelbutzens.
  • the air gap distributed over several sections may be formed in the center piece by disks, for example of ferrite material, separated by disks of other material.
  • the inductive component With the inductive component, it is possible to improve adverse properties of the magnetic core. This includes, in particular, a reduction in the leakage flux and the losses. This will make it possible for those due to the losses conditional higher temperatures and reduce the cost of a cooling system. At the same time, it becomes possible to improve the efficiency of the inductor.
  • an iron powder core has the disadvantage of brittleness, but the advantage of the high saturation value Bs of 1 Tesla (1 T) to 1.5 T, which can be achieved for example by an iron powder core.
  • the individual powder grains which are furthermore separated from one another by a nonmagnetic or low-magnetic layer, in themselves cause a distribution of the air gap which brings about an improvement in the saturation induction and a soft use of the saturation.
  • a standard ferrite material has a saturation value Bs of about 0.4 T and a steep saturation behavior.
  • the use of several different magnetic materials, for example in the center of a magnetic core allows to optimize the magnetic properties of the core.
  • the resulting saturation value will be in the range between the saturation value of a ferrite material or a powder material, eg iron powder material. This means that the saturation value will be in the range between 0.4 T and 1.5 T.
  • a lower permeability material for the center wear such as iron powder with an exemplary permeability of 10 to 50 and a ferrite material for the other ranges with an exemplary permeability of 1000 to 3000 allows the total permeability as well as the total length of the air gap or the air gaps in the Compared to a core consisting only of ferrite material to reduce.
  • ⁇ tot is the total permeability
  • I e, tot is the total effective length of the magnetic circuit
  • I i is the magnetic length of an ith area
  • ⁇ i is the permeability of the ith area.
  • optimization of the magnetic core properties makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the core and in particular to reduce the cross-section or diameters of the centerbody and the winding deposited thereon, which in turn enables a reduction in the volume of the winding.
  • This makes it possible to reduce the overall dimensions of an inductive component and thus also to reduce the costs for the production of the inductive component.
  • Reducing the effective area of the middle brush when using a material Higher saturation value is associated with the increase in saturation value and is for example 0.4T / 1.5T when using a 1.5T material compared to using a 0.4T material.
  • the reduction in the center-line diameter is also accompanied by a reduction in the external dimensions of the component, which allows smaller and more material-saving and thus cost-effective housing to use.
  • the effective length of the winding is determined by the number of turns and the length of each winding. With a smaller inner diameter of the winding, which is possible due to the slimmer center piece, the overall length of the wire of the winding is therefore reduced. This in turn causes a reduction of the material used for the winding, for example copper, so that a resource-saving production and use of the inductive component is ensured. Therefore, not only the reduced costs for the magnetic core, but also the lower cost of the winding contribute to the reduction of costs and to the advantages of the inductive component. On the other hand, the electrical properties of the inductive component are improved because the smaller overall length of the wire of the winding reduces the losses in the winding and increases the efficiency of the inductive component.
  • the inductive component it is advantageous in the inductive component to form the center piece by means of ferromagnetic powder material and the remaining parts of the core of ferrite material. Due to the high saturation value of the middle ear thus created, the saturation behavior of the core as a whole is optimized and the magnetic flux through the center wear can affect the adjacent parts of the core of ferrite material optimally distributed.
  • the center piece is adapted in shape, for example, by a central part of small diameter, which increases to the transition to the adjacent ferrite material in the foot region of the middle ear.
  • the diameter and thickness of the transition part depend on the limits of magnetic saturation of the two ferromagnetic materials.
  • Such a transition part between the center piece and the adjacent other core parts is preferably made of the same material as the material in the central part of the Mittelbutzens, so for example of powder material.
  • the transition piece has the advantage that it acts like a flange and is able to guide the winding laterally.
  • the transition piece fulfills a flange function which is similar to the function of a flange of a winding carrier.
  • This flange-like transition part may have the same outer diameter as the winding.
  • a separate winding support is not necessary.
  • it is necessary in such a center piece with flanged end function to electrically isolate the center piece and the flange against the winding.
  • the center piece and the flange are coated with an insulating material of small thickness or the coil windings themselves are insulated.
  • This insulating coating material on the elements of the Mittelbutzens has no or at most a low permeability and causes the insulation forms on the front sides of the Mittelbutzens partial air gaps.
  • the coating of the center skin may be 0.2mm thick, which is a common coating thickness.
  • the center piece is formed of discs of different material
  • it is intended to use disc-shaped magnetic material, for example ferromagnetic powder, and to arrange other discs of low or low-permeability material between the discs made of this material.
  • Such interposed discs of low or low permeability material are also capable of compensating for the differences between the height of the central pillar and the outer core portions.
  • Another function of such a disc-shaped distributed material with little or no permeability in the center piece causes a distributed air gap.
  • the overall permeability can be reduced, the overall length of the air gap reduced, and the magnetic flux optimized.
  • the finished core composed of two core halves comprises as air gap twice the insulation distance between the two central parts of the center cap and the respective distance between the outer part of the middle ear and the adjacent core parts.
  • the leakage flux is further reduced compared to an arrangement with only one air gap.
  • a reduction in the leakage flux also means a reduction in losses.
  • the center piece comprises two identical or symmetrical parts, between which a disc of material without permeability or is arranged with low permeability. The disc can compensate for differences in fit, for example, between the center piece and the outer portions.
  • the disc divides the entire air gap into three parts, namely two between the middle-bellied ends and the other core areas and one between the two middle-sized parts, which reduces the leakage flux.
  • the magnetic core in which the center piece contains a material, eg a ferromagnetic powder, and the outer core part contains another material, eg ferrite material, it is possible to optimize the overall permeability of the core. This is possible because ferromagnetic powder, for example, iron powder, has a permeability between 10 and 50, while ferrite material has a permeability in the range of 1000 to 3000.
  • ferromagnetic powder for example, iron powder
  • ferrite material has a permeability in the range of 1000 to 3000.
  • An inductive component with a magnetic core as proposed also has the advantage that the temperature behavior of the entire core arrangement can be improved.
  • ferrite material has a temperature dependence with several loss maxima. Both by variations in manufacturing, e.g. in pressing and sintering, the ferrite material, as well as by combining with another ferromagnetic material, e.g. Powder material, the overall temperature dependence of the proposed core arrangement can be improved.
  • the permeability may depend on the temperature.
  • ferrite materials can have two tips that can be displaced by varying the manufacturing process.
  • the optimization may be directed to both the center and the other core areas, where the optimization targets, such as saturation, loss, or permeability, may be different for the various core areas. Optimization can reduce total permeability, air gap size and leakage flux. Such an optimization is not possible with cores that consist only of the same material.
  • the center piece may be constructed in different embodiments and may include, for example, sheets of different material and / or a uniform material that is different from the external core piece. Furthermore, the center piece may include flange-shaped parts at the end.
  • the individual parts of the Mittelbutzens which are arranged centrally one behind the other along a common axis, can be glued together.
  • a screw is in particular of insulating material and makes it possible to further optimize the total permeability of the magnetic circuit of the inductive component.
  • the center pillar contains ferrite or ferrite slices
  • they may be made so that the minimum of losses occurs at higher temperatures than the ferrite material of the outer core part different therefrom. Therefore, the temperatures of the center grouse in this case may be higher than the temperatures of the outer core part.
  • This provides better cooling conditions for the core assembly, since the center piece can only be cooled by conduction, while the entire core assembly can also be cooled by convection or fan cooling.
  • such ferrite disks of the centerbody can also be made with a material having a higher saturation Bs than the outer core parts.
  • Adapting the ferrite materials of the core regions to their operating temperatures to reduce the losses can be done by adjusting the pressure, the temperature and the sintering profile when sintering the areas. Such a variation of the manufacturing process for different core areas is not possible with a one-piece core.
  • Another approach is to use low permeability material, such as iron powder, to make the center grout which reduces the diameter to reduce the effective turn length, the volume of material for the turn, and ultimately the losses.
  • the combination of different materials, reduced dimensions, and shorter conductor length optimizes the losses, in terms of magnetic material and windings, as compared to a one-piece core component, which also increases efficiency and reduces cost.
  • the ferrite disks in the center piece may be made of a material having a higher saturation value adapted to the operating temperature.
  • the operating temperature of the centerbody is higher than that of the outer core areas;
  • the former is in the range of 100 degrees Celsius, the latter in the range of 80 degrees Celsius.
  • the saturation value increases with decreasing temperature.
  • the saturation value increases by about 20mT for a common ferrite material with a temperature drop between center and outer core regions.
  • X-core is understood here to be a core shape which, adjacent to the center piece, comprises at least four radially diverging yoke regions, on each end of which a limb is attached in the direction of the middle grout. P and X cores have a compact shape with little interference.
  • a P-type core is composed of two mutually opposed core parts 1a and 1b which may comprise ferrite material. Centered within the core, a slit is arranged, which is disc-shaped made of different materials.
  • the center rib contains slices 2 containing either ferromagnetic powder or a ferrite material different from the ferrite material of the outer core part 1a, 1b.
  • a material 3 is arranged with little or no permeability. Alternatively, these are discs of said material 3, advantageously flexible, or it is an insulation coating of the ferromagnetic discs 2.
  • the winding 5 is arranged between the center piece and the outer core parts.
  • the entire arrangement of the inductive component is held together by a screw 4 in a through hole 6, which connects the outer core parts and the center piece together.
  • a screw 4 By pressure exerted by the pressing force of the screw on the outer core part and the center piece, the air gap, which is distributed and adjusted to the areas with no or low permeability between the ferromagnetic disks and the outer core region.
  • FIG. 2 shows a throttle assembly in which an X-core is used.
  • the arrangement shows two outer core halves 1a and b, which may comprise ferrite material, and ferromagnetic discs 2 of the centerbody, which are separated from each other by a material 3 with no or low permeability or alternatively by an insulating coating.
  • the winding 5 of the throttle is arranged between the layer structure of the Mittelbutzens and the outer core parts 1a and 1b. All parts of the core are screwed through a 4 in a through hole 6 held together and out, with which the pressing force can be adjusted to the elements of the magnetic core. Also in this embodiment results in a spatially distributed air gap.
  • FIG. 3 shows a reactor with a P or an X-core, in which the external halves 1a and 1b contain ferrite.
  • the central center piece contains two parts 2, which contain a flange 7 at the end to the external core areas.
  • the center piece may include iron powder.
  • the flange 7 causes on the one hand the magnetic flux is better distributed from the center piece to the outer core parts and on the other hand that the winding 5 is at least partially guided.
  • the insulation of the winding 5 with respect to the core 1 a and 1 b is designed in particular as an insulated winding or as an insulating coating of the Mittelbutzens. In the latter case, it becomes possible to apply the winding directly into the intermediate region between center slug and external core parts.
  • the insulation coating of the middle brush fulfills the task of distributing the air gap of the throttle to the central region between the center-half halves and the two outer flange regions. This results in improved loss conditions for the throttle, so that overall a throttle smaller design and improved properties over conventional chokes is achieved.
  • a disc of flexible material in FIG. 3 not shown
  • Due to the flexibility of the disc this acts as a spring. By the screw can, the flexibility Using the disc, the distance between the parts 2 of the Mittelbutzens be varied.
  • FIG. 4 an arrangement with P- or X-core shape is shown, which differs from the FIG. 3 differs in that the flange-shaped portions 7, which are arranged end between the Mittelbutzen too 2 and the external core parts 1 a and 1 b, extending from the central bore 6 with the guide screw 4 toward the external core parts.
  • This makes it possible to arrange the winding 5 completely in the area formed by the flanges and thus to dispense with a separate winding support for the winding.
  • the step-shaped enlarged diameter of the center cap 2 acts as a transition area for distributing the flow and holding the coil 5. Together, the center portion of the center cap 2 and the steps thus define the shape of the coil 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically the transition of the magnetic flux from the center piece 2 via the end arranged on this center piece 2 flange toward the external core parts.
  • the very large magnetic flux in the middle section 2 is already reduced and distributed in the transition region of the flange 7, so that an adaptation to the existing in the outer ferrite part 1 of the core flow is ensured.
  • the center piece 2 comprises iron powder; the other parts of the core include ferrite material.
  • the transition region optimizes the flow transition between the parts, where it is necessary to distribute the flow from the center slug 2 of higher saturation value due to the iron powder to the lower saturation ferrite material.
  • the thickness and diameter of the Transition regions depend on the ratio of the saturation values in the center slug 2 and the other core parts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP11191948.6A 2010-12-08 2011-12-05 Composant inductif doté de propriétés de noyau améliorées Active EP2463869B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010053810 2010-12-08
DE102011055880.2A DE102011055880B4 (de) 2010-12-08 2011-11-30 Induktives Bauelement mit verbesserten Kerneigenschaften

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2463869A1 true EP2463869A1 (fr) 2012-06-13
EP2463869B1 EP2463869B1 (fr) 2015-02-11
EP2463869B2 EP2463869B2 (fr) 2021-10-20

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US (1) US9019062B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2463869B2 (fr)
JP (2) JP5931424B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN102543373B (fr)

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US8902032B2 (en) 2011-10-18 2014-12-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki Induction device
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JP6329446B2 (ja) * 2014-07-02 2018-05-23 株式会社京三製作所 インピーダンスボンド
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JP6684451B2 (ja) * 2017-02-15 2020-04-22 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 リアクトル
JP7043749B2 (ja) * 2017-07-03 2022-03-30 スミダコーポレーション株式会社 コイル部品
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US20120200382A1 (en) 2012-08-09
EP2463869B2 (fr) 2021-10-20
JP5931424B2 (ja) 2016-06-08
US9019062B2 (en) 2015-04-28
EP2463869B1 (fr) 2015-02-11
JP6397444B2 (ja) 2018-09-26
CN102543373A (zh) 2012-07-04
JP2012124493A (ja) 2012-06-28
CN102543373B (zh) 2016-08-17
JP2016167620A (ja) 2016-09-15

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