Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/04—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to rubbers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
  • C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
  • C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L51/08—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
  • C08L51/085—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds on to polysiloxanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
  • C08L69/005—Polyester-carbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
  • C08L83/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
  • C09K21/06—Organic materials
  • C09K21/12—Organic materials containing phosphorus
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
  • C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
  • C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
  • C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
  • C08K5/523—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4 with hydroxyaryl compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L85/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L85/02—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers containing phosphorus

Definitions

• the present invention relates to flameproof impact-modified polycarbonate compositions containing a graft polymer comprising a silicone-acrylate composite rubber and a bisphenol A-based oligophosphate and free of rubber-free polyalkyl (alkyl) acrylate, the use of the polycarbonate compositions for the production of moldings and the Shaped body itself.
• WO-A 2002/046305 discloses impact-modified, flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, impact modifier, phosphorus-containing flame retardants. The compositions are characterized by an improved impact strength in the low temperature range. WO-A 2002/046305 but does not disclose compositions containing an impact modifier having a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber.
• EP-A 635547 discloses flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions containing polycarbonate, a copolymer gel, an acrylate or diene rubber-based impact modifier, a flame retardant such as oligophosphate and optionally an impact modifier having a diene rubber, acrylate rubber or EPDM rubber backbone.
• EP-A 635547 but does not disclose compositions containing an impact modifier having a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber.
• US 6423766 discloses flame-retardant polycarbonate compositions having an impact modifier with a graft base of silicone-acrylate composite rubber, wherein the weight ratio of impact modifier to phosphorus from the phosphoric acid ester is between 2 and 15.
• the compositions have improved mechanical properties and good processing behavior.
• the compositions of the present invention differ from the compositions according to US 6423766 in that the compositions according to the invention have a higher weight ratio of impact modifier to phosphorus from the phosphoric acid ester.
• Aromatic polycarbonates and / or aromatic polyester carbonates according to component A which are suitable according to the invention are known from the literature or can be prepared by processes known from the literature (for the preparation of aromatic polycarbonates, see, for example Schnell, "Chemistry and Physics of Polycarbonates", Interscience Publishers, 1964 as well as the DE-AS 1 495 626 .
• DE-A 3 832 396 for the preparation of aromatic polyester carbonates, for. B. DE-A 3 077 934 ).
• Preferred diphenols are hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenols, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -C 1 -C 5 -alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -C 5 -C 6 -cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ethers, bis (hydroxy-) phenyl) sulfoxides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ketones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones and ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (hydroxyphenyl) -diisopropyl-benzenes and their nuclear-brominated and / or ring-chlorinated derivatives.
• diphenols are 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, bisphenol-A, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane, 1,1-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfide, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and their di- and tetrabrominated or chlorinated derivatives such as 2,2-bis (3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane or 2,2-bis (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane.
• 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane bisphenol-A
• the diphenols can be used individually or as any mixtures. The diphenols are known from the literature or obtainable by
• Chain terminators suitable for the preparation of the thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates are, for example, phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-tert-butylphenol or 2,4,6-tribromophenol, but also long-chain alkylphenols, such as 4- [2- (2,4,4 -Trimethylpentyl)] - phenol, 4- (1,3-tetramethyl-butyl) -phenol according to DE-A 2 842 005 or monoalkylphenol or dialkylphenols having a total of 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituents such as 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, p-iso-octylphenol, p-tert-octylphenol, p-dodecylphenol and 2- (3,5- Dimethylheptyl) phenol and 4- (3,5-dimethylheptyl) phenol.
• the amount of chain terminators to be used is generally between 0.5 mol% mol%,
• thermoplastic aromatic polycarbonates have weight average molecular weights (M w , measured, for example, by GPC, ultracentrifuge or scattered light measurement) of 10,000 to 200,000 g / mol, preferably 15,000 to 80,000 g / mol, particularly preferably 24,000 to 32,000 g / mol.
• thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates may be branched in a known manner, preferably by the incorporation of from 0.05 to 2.0 mol%, based on the sum of the diphenols used, of trifunctional or more than trifunctional compounds, for example those containing three and more phenolic groups.
• Preferred polycarbonates are, in addition to the bisphenol A homopolycarbonates, the copolycarbonates of bisphenol A with up to 15 mol%, based on the molar amounts of diphenols, of other than preferred or particularly preferred diphenols, in particular 2,2-bis (3,5 dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane.
• a carbonyl halide preferably phosgene, is additionally used as the bifunctional acid derivative.
• chain terminators for the preparation of the aromatic polyester are in addition to the aforementioned monophenols still their chloroformate and the acid chlorides of aromatic monocarboxylic acids, which may be substituted by C 1 to C 22 alkyl groups or by halogen atoms, and aliphatic C 2 to C 22 monocarboxylic acid chlorides into consideration.
• the amount of chain terminators is in each case 0.1 to 10 mol%, based on moles of diphenol in the case of the phenolic chain terminators and on moles of dicarboxylic acid dichloride in the case of monocarboxylic acid chloride chain terminators.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates may also contain incorporated aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids.
• the aromatic polyester carbonates can be branched both linearly and in a known manner (see DE-A 2 940 024 and DE-A 3 007 934 ).
• branching agents which may be used are trifunctional or polyfunctional carboxylic acid chlorides, such as trimesic acid trichloride, cyanuric trichloride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride or pyromellitic acid tetrachloride, in amounts of 0 , 01 to 1.0 mol% (based on dicarboxylic acid dichlorides used) or trifunctional or polyfunctional phenols, such as phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) hept-2-ene , 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 1,3,5-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4- hydroxyphenyl) ethane
• the proportion of carbonate structural units can vary as desired.
• the proportion of carbonate groups is preferably up to 100 mol%, in particular up to 80 mol%, particularly preferably up to 50 mol%, based on the sum of ester groups and carbonate groups.
• Both the ester and the carbonate portion of the aromatic polyester carbonates may be present in the form of blocks or randomly distributed in the polycondensate.
• the relative solution viscosity ( ⁇ rel ) of the aromatic polycarbonates and polyester carbonates is in the range of 1.18 to 1.4, preferably 1.20 to 1.32 (measured on solutions of 0.5 g of polycarbonate or polyester carbonate in 100 ml of methylene chloride solution 25 ° C).
• thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonates and polyester carbonates can be used alone or in any desired mixture.
• the graft polymers B are prepared by free-radical polymerization, e.g. by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization, preferably by emulsion or bulk polymerization.
• Suitable monomers B1 are vinyl monomers such as vinylaromatics and / or ring-substituted vinylaromatics (such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene), methacrylic acid (C 1 -C 8 ) -alkyl esters (such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, Allyl methacrylate), acrylic acid (C 1 -C 8 ) alkyl esters (such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate), organic acids (such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid) and / or vinyl cyanides (such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile) and / or Derivatives (such as anhydrides and imides) of unsaturated carboxylic
• Preferred monomers B.1 are selected from at least one of the monomers styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile. Particular preference is given to using methyl methacrylate as monomer B.1.
• the glass transition temperature of the graft B.2 is ⁇ 10 ° C, preferably ⁇ 0 ° C, more preferably ⁇ -20 ° C.
• the graft base B.2 has, in general, an average particle size (d 50 value) of 0.05 to 10 microns, preferably 0.06 to 5 .mu.m, particularly preferably from 0.08 to 1 micron.
• the average particle size d 50 is the diameter, above and below which each 50 wt .-% of the particles are. He can by means of Ultrazentrifugentown ( W. Scholtan, H. Lange, Colloid-Z. and Z. Polymere 250 (1972), 782-796 ).
• silicone-acrylate composite rubber is used as the graft base B.2 according to the invention.
• These silicone-acrylate composite rubbers are preferably composite rubbers with graft-active sites containing 10-90 wt .-% silicone rubber content and 90 to 10 wt .-% polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber share, wherein the two said rubber components in the Penetrate composite rubber so that they can not be separated from each other significantly.
• the finished resin compositions have disadvantageous surface properties and deteriorated dyeability.
• the proportion of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component in the composite rubber is too high, the impact resistance of the finished resin composition is adversely affected).
• Silicone acrylate composite rubbers are known and described, for example, in US 5,807,914 . EP 430134 and US 4888388 ,
• Suitable silicone rubber components B.2.1 of the silicone-acrylate composite rubbers according to B.2 are silicone rubbers having graft-active sites whose method of preparation is described, for example, in US Pat US 2891920 . US 3294725 . DE-OS 3 631 540 . EP 249964 . EP 430134 and US 4888388 is described.
• the silicone rubber according to B.2.1 is preferably prepared by emulsion polymerization, in which siloxane monomer building blocks, crosslinking or branching agents (IV) and optionally grafting agents (V) are used.
• siloxane monomer building blocks are dimethylsiloxane or cyclic organosiloxanes having at least 3 ring members, preferably 3 to 6 ring members, for example and preferably hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, trimethyltriphenylcyclotrisiloxane, tetramethyltetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, octaphenylcyclotetrasiloxane.
• the organosiloxane monomers can be used alone or in the form of mixtures with 2 or more monomers.
• the silicone rubber preferably contains not less than 50% by weight and more preferably not less than 60% by weight of organosiloxane, based on the total weight of the silicone rubber component.
• crosslinking or branching agent (IV) it is preferred to use silane-based crosslinking agents having a functionality of 3 or 4, more preferably 4. Examples which may be mentioned are: trimethoxymethylsilane, triethoxyphenylsilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane and tetrabutoxysilane.
• the crosslinking agent may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. Particularly preferred is tetraethoxysilane.
• the crosslinking agent is used in an amount ranging between 0.1 and 40% by weight based on the total weight of the silicone rubber component.
• the amount of crosslinking agent is chosen such that the degree of swelling of the silicone rubber, measured in toluene, is between 3 and 30, preferably between 3 and 25, and more preferably between 3 and 15.
• the degree of swelling is defined as the weight ratio between the amount of toluene, which is absorbed by the silicone rubber when saturated with toluene at 25 ° C and the amount of silicone rubber in the dried state. The determination of the degree of swelling is described in detail in EP 249964 described.
• the degree of swelling is less than 3, i.
• the silicone rubber does not show sufficient rubber elasticity. If the swelling index is greater than 30, the silicone rubber can not form a domain structure in the matrix polymer and therefore can not improve impact resistance, the effect would then be similar to simple addition of polydimethylsiloxane.
• Tetrafunctional crosslinking agents are preferred over trifunctional because then the degree of swelling is easier to control within the limits described above.
• Acryloyl or methacryloyloxysilanes are particularly suitable for forming the above structure (V-1) and have a high grafting efficiency. This ensures effective formation of the graft chains and thus favors the impact resistance of the resulting resin composition.
• Examples and preferred are: ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-ethyldimethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propylmethoxydimethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propyldimethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -Methacryloyloxy-propyltrimethoxy-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propylethoxydiethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyloxy-propyldiethoxymethyl-silane, ⁇ -methacryloyl-oxy-butyldiethoxymethyl-silanes, or mixtures thereof.
• the silicone rubber can be prepared by emulsion polymerization, such as in US 2891920 and US 3294725 described.
• the silicone rubber is obtained in the form of an aqueous latex.
• a mixture containing organosiloxane, crosslinking agent and optionally grafting agent is mixed under shear with water, for example by a homogenizer, in the presence of a sulfonic acid-based emulsifier such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or alkylsulfonic acid, the mixture being polymerized to give the silicone rubber latex.
• a sulfonic acid-based emulsifier such as alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or alkylsulfonic acid
• Particularly suitable is an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, since it acts not only as an emulsifier but also as a polymerization initiator.
• a combination of the sulfonic acid with a metal salt of an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid or with a metal salt of an alkylsulfonic acid is favorable because it stabilizes the polymer during the later graft polymerization.
• the reaction is terminated by neutralizing the reaction mixture by adding an aqueous alkaline solution, e.g. by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution.
• an aqueous alkaline solution e.g. by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate solution.
• Suitable polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber components B.2.2 of the silicone acrylate composite rubbers according to B.2 can be prepared from alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates, a crosslinking agent (VI) and a grafting agent (VII).
• Exemplary and preferred alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates are the C 1 to C 8 alkyl esters, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, n-propyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl , n-lauryl and 2-ethylhexyl esters; Haloalkyl, preferably halo-C 1 -C 8 alkyl esters, such as chloroethyl acrylate and mixtures of these monomers. Particularly preferred is n-butyl acrylate.
• crosslinking agent (VI) for the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component of the silicone acrylate rubber monomers having more than one polymerizable double bond can be used.
• Preferred examples of crosslinking monomers are esters of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 8 C atoms and unsaturated monohydric alcohols having 3 to 12 C atoms, or saturated polyols having 2 to 4 OH groups and 2 to 20 C atoms, such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, propylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol dimethacrylate and 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate.
• the crosslinkers may be used alone or in mixtures of at least two crosslinkers.
• Exemplary and preferred grafting agents (VII) are allyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, triallyl isocyanurate or mixtures thereof. Allyl methacrylate can also be used as crosslinking agent (VI).
• the grafting agents may be used alone or in mixtures of at least two grafting agents.
• the amount of crosslinking agent (VI) and grafting agent (VII) is 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component of the silicone acrylate rubber.
• the silicone acrylate composite rubber is prepared by first preparing the silicone rubber according to B.2.1 as an aqueous latex. This latex is then enriched with the alkyl methacrylates and / or alkyl acrylates to be used, the crosslinking agent (VI) and the grafting agent (VII), and polymerization is carried out.
• a free-radically initiated emulsion polymerization for example by a peroxide, an azo or redox initiator.
• Particularly preferred is the use of a redox initiator system, especially a sulfoxylate initiator system prepared by combining iron sulfate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, Rongalit and hydroperoxide.
• the grafting agent (V) used in the preparation of the silicone rubber causes the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber portion to be covalently bonded to the silicone rubber portion.
• the two rubber components penetrate each other and thus form the composite rubber, which can no longer be separated after the polymerization in its components of silicone rubber component and polyalkyl (meth) acrylate rubber component.
• the monomers B.1 are grafted onto the rubber base B.2.
• EP 249964 in EP 249964 .
• EP 430134 and US 4888388 described polymerization methods are used.
• the graft polymerization is carried out according to the following polymerization method:
• the desired vinyl monomers B.1 are grafted onto the graft base, which is in the form of an aqueous latex.
• the grafting efficiency should be as high as possible and is preferably greater than or equal to 10%.
• the grafting efficiency depends largely on the grafting agent (V) or (VII) used.
• the silicone (acrylate) graft rubber After polymerization to the silicone (acrylate) graft rubber, the aqueous latex is placed in hot water, in which metal salts have previously been dissolved, e.g. Calcium chloride or magnesium sulfate. The silicone coats (acrylate) graft rubber and can then be separated.
• Methacryl Acid alkyl ester graft rubbers mentioned as component B) are commercially available. Examples include: Metablen® ® SX 005, Metablen® ® S-2030 and Metablen® ® SRK 200 from Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd.
• phosphorus compounds according to component C which are suitable according to the invention are generally known (see, for example, US Pat Ullmanns Encyklopadie der Technischen Chemie, Vol. 18, p. 301 ff. 1979 ; Houben-Weyl, Methods of Organic Chemistry, Vol. 12/1, p. 43 ; Beistein, Vol. 6, p. 177 ).
• Preferred substituents R 1 to R 4 include methyl, butyl, octyl, chloroethyl, 2-chloropropyl, 2,3-dibromopropyl, phenyl, cresyl, cumyl, naphthyl, chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, pentachlorophenyl and pentabromophenyl. Particularly preferred are methyl, ethyl, butyl, phenyl and naphthyl.
• aromatic groups R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 may be substituted by halogen and / or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.
• Particularly preferred aryl radicals are cresyl, phenyl, xylenyl, propylphenyl or butylphenyl as well as the brominated and chlorinated derivatives thereof.
• R 5 and R 6 independently of one another preferably denote methyl or bromine.
• Y is preferably C 1 -C 7 -alkylene, in particular isopropylidene or methylene, particularly preferably isopropylidene.
• n in the formula (I) may independently be 0 or 1, preferably n is 1.
• N has an average value.
• the average value of N may be from 0.1 to 10, preferably 0.5 to 5, more preferably 0.9 to 3, most preferably 1.06 to 1.15.
• the mean N values can be determined by determining the composition of the phosphate mixture (molecular weight distribution) by means of a suitable method [gas chromatography (GC), high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas permeation chromatography (GPC)] and from this the mean values for N be calculated.
• GC gas chromatography
• HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography
• GPC gas permeation chromatography
• compositions according to the invention may preferably contain fluorinated polyolefins D.
• Fluorinated polyolefins are generally known (cf., for example EP-A 640 655 ).
• a commercially available product is, for example, Teflon® 30 N from DuPont.
• the fluorinated polyolefins can also be used in the form of a coagulated mixture of emulsions of fluorinated polyolefins with emulsions of graft polymers B) or an emulsion of a copolymer E.1) preferably based on styrene / acrylonitrile, wherein the fluorinated polyolefin emulsion as an emulsion of the Graft polymer or copolymer mixed and then coagulated.
• the fluorinated polyolefins can be used as a pre-compound with the graft polymer B) or a copolymer E.1) preferably based on styrene / acrylonitrile.
• the fluorinated polyolefins are mixed as powder with a powder or granules of the graft polymer or copolymer and compounded in the melt, generally at temperatures of 200 to 330 ° C in conventional units such as internal mixers, extruders or twin-screw.
• the fluorinated polyolefins may also be employed in the form of a masterbatch prepared by emulsion polymerizing at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an aqueous dispersion of the fluorinated polyolefin.
• Preferred monomer components are styrene, acrylonitrile and mixtures thereof.
• the polymer is used after acid precipitation and subsequent drying as a free-flowing powder.
• the coagulates, pre-compounds or masterbatches usually have solids contents of fluorinated polyolefin of 5 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 60 wt .-%.
• Component E comprises one or more thermoplastic vinyl (co) polymers E.1 and / or polyalkylene terephthalates E.2.
• the vinyl (co) polymers E.1 are resinous, thermoplastic and rubber-free.
• the copolymer of E.1.1 styrene and E.1.2 acrylonitrile is particularly preferred.
• the (co) polymers according to E.1 are known and can be prepared by free-radical polymerization, in particular by emulsion, suspension, solution or bulk polymerization.
• the (co) polymers preferably have average molecular weights Mw (weight average, determined by light scattering or sedimentation) of between 15,000 and 200,000.
• the polyalkylene terephthalates of component E.2 are reaction products of aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives, such as dimethyl esters or anhydrides, and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic diols and mixtures of these reaction products.
• Preferred polyalkylene terephthalates contain at least 80 wt .-%, preferably at least 90 wt .-%, based on the dicarboxylic acid terephthalate and at least 80 wt .-%, preferably at least 90 mol%, based on the diol component of ethylene glycol and / or butanediol-1 , 4-residues.
• 1,4-butanediol radicals up to 20 mol%, preferably up to 10 mol%, of other aliphatic diols having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or cycloaliphatic diols having 6 to 21 carbon atoms, for example radicals of propanediol-1 , 3, 2-Ethylpropanediol-1,3, neopentyl glycol, pentanediol-1,5, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol-1,4, 3-ethylpentanediol-2,4, 2-methylpentanediol-2,4, 2 , 2,4-trimethylpentanediol-1,3, 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3, 2,2-diethylpropanediol-1,3, hexanediol-2,5, 1,4-di- ( ⁇ -hydroxyethoxy) -benzene, 2
• the polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared by incorporation of relatively small amounts of trihydric or trihydric alcohols or tribasic or tetrabasic carboxylic acids, for example according to US Pat DE-A 1 900 270 and U.S. Patent 3,692,744 to be branched.
• preferred branching agents are trimesic acid, trimellitic acid, trimethylolethane and -propane and pentaerythritol.
• polyalkylene terephthalates which have been prepared solely from terephthalic acid and its reactive derivatives (for example their dialkyl esters) and ethylene glycol and / or 1,4-butanediol, and mixtures of these polyalkylene terephthalates.
• Mixtures of polyalkylene terephthalates contain from 1 to 50% by weight, preferably from 1 to 30% by weight, of polyethylene terephthalate and from 50 to 99% by weight, preferably from 70 to 99% by weight, of polybutylene terephthalate.
• the preferably used polyalkylene terephthalates generally have an intrinsic viscosity of 0.4 to 1.5 dl / g, preferably 0.5 to 1.2 dl / g, measured in phenol / o-dichlorobenzene (1: 1 parts by weight) at 25 ° C. in the Ubbelohde viscometer.
• the polyalkylene terephthalates can be prepared by known methods (see, for example Plastics Handbook, Volume VIII, p. 695 ff., Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff 1973 ).
• the molding compositions according to the invention consisting of at least one further customary additive, such as e.g. Lubricants and mold release agents, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, stabilizers, dyes and pigments as well as fillers and reinforcing agents.
• a further customary additive such as e.g. Lubricants and mold release agents, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, stabilizers, dyes and pigments as well as fillers and reinforcing agents.
• the component F also comprises very finely divided inorganic compounds which are distinguished by an average particle diameter of less than or equal to 200 nm, preferably less than or equal to 150 nm, in particular from 1 to 100 nm.
• Suitable very finely divided inorganic compounds are hydrated aluminum oxides (eg boehmite) or TiO 2 .
• Particle size and particle diameter always means the average particle diameter d 50 , determined by ultracentrifuge measurements after W. Scholtan et al., Colloid-Z. and Z. Polymere 250 (1972), pp. 782-796 ,
• the inorganic compounds may be present as powders, pastes, brine dispersions or suspensions. By precipitation, powders can be obtained from dispersions, sols or suspensions.
• the inorganic compounds can be incorporated into the thermoplastic molding compositions by conventional methods, for example by direct kneading or extrusion of molding compositions and the very finely divided inorganic compounds.
• Preferred methods make the preparation of a masterbatch, e.g. in flame retardant additives and at least one component of the molding compositions according to the invention in monomers or solvents, or the co-precipitation of a thermoplastic component and the very finely divided inorganic compounds, e.g. by co-precipitation of an aqueous emulsion and the very finely divided inorganic compounds, optionally in the form of dispersions, suspensions, pastes or sols of the very finely divided inorganic materials.
• compositions according to the present invention are prepared by mixing the respective ingredients in a known manner and melt-compounding and melt-extruding at temperatures of 200 ° C to 300 ° C in conventional aggregates such as internal mixers, extruders and twin-screw screws.
• the mixing of the individual constituents can be carried out in a known manner both successively and simultaneously, both at about 20 ° C. (room temperature) and at a higher temperature.
• thermoplastic compositions and molding compositions according to the present invention are suitable because of their excellent balance of flame resistance and toughness with high aging stability and high heat resistance for the production of moldings of any kind. Due to the heat resistance and rheological properties processing temperatures of over 240 ° C are preferred.
• the invention also provides processes for the preparation of the molding compositions and the use of the molding compositions for the production of moldings.
• the molding compositions can be processed by injection molding into moldings or it can be the molding compositions to plates or Foils are extruded.
• Another object of the invention is the production of moldings by thermoforming from previously prepared sheets or films.
• the moldings are suitable for the following applications: vehicle exterior parts or interior fittings for motor vehicles, buses, trucks, campers, rail vehicles, aircraft, watercraft or other vehicles, cover plates for the construction sector, flat wall elements, partitions, wall protection and edge protection strips, profiles for electrical installation ducts, cable ladder, Busbar covers, window and door profiles, furniture parts and traffic signs.
• vehicle exterior parts or interior fittings for cars, buses, trucks, campers, rail and aircraft are particularly suitable for the production of side walls, linings and / or covers of airbags and / or ventilations, side parts and handles or parts of headrests or shelves of a motor vehicle bus, lorry or motorhome.
• Linear polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ rel 1.28 measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as solvent at 25 ° C. and a concentration of 0.5 g / 100 ml.
• Component A-2 is a compound having Component A-2:
• Linear polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ rel 1.20 measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as a solvent at 25 ° C. and a concentration of 0.5 g / 100 ml.
• Branched polycarbonate based on bisphenol A with a relative solution viscosity of ⁇ rel 1.33 measured in CH 2 Cl 2 as a solvent at 25 ° C and a concentration of 0.5g / 100ml, which by adding 0.3 mol% Isatinbiscresol based on the sum of isatin biscresol and bisphenol A was branched.
• Component B-2 (comparison):
• Graft polymer of 25 wt .-% of a shell of SAN (weight ratio of styrene to acrylonitrile 72:28) to 75% of a graft of polybutadiene rubber.
• Component B-3 (comparison):
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate

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