EP2400591A1 - Antennenaufbau mit verbessertem Signal/Rauschverhältnis - Google Patents

Antennenaufbau mit verbessertem Signal/Rauschverhältnis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2400591A1
EP2400591A1 EP10165892A EP10165892A EP2400591A1 EP 2400591 A1 EP2400591 A1 EP 2400591A1 EP 10165892 A EP10165892 A EP 10165892A EP 10165892 A EP10165892 A EP 10165892A EP 2400591 A1 EP2400591 A1 EP 2400591A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
coupling electrode
coupling
conductive coating
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10165892A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gunther Vortmeier
Christoph Degen
Stefan Droste
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Original Assignee
Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint Gobain Glass France SAS, Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA filed Critical Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority to EP10165892A priority Critical patent/EP2400591A1/de
Priority to ES11733603T priority patent/ES2749880T3/es
Priority to US13/581,754 priority patent/US9929464B2/en
Priority to PT117336032T priority patent/PT2580807T/pt
Priority to JP2013514681A priority patent/JP5650840B2/ja
Priority to BR112012022652A priority patent/BR112012022652A2/pt
Priority to MX2012011447A priority patent/MX2012011447A/es
Priority to KR1020127029410A priority patent/KR101513787B1/ko
Priority to PCT/EP2011/059807 priority patent/WO2011157689A2/de
Priority to EP11733603.2A priority patent/EP2580807B1/de
Priority to PL11733603T priority patent/PL2580807T3/pl
Priority to EA201291353A priority patent/EA030071B1/ru
Priority to CN201180029465.4A priority patent/CN102934282B/zh
Publication of EP2400591A1 publication Critical patent/EP2400591A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1285—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens with capacitive feeding through the windscreen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises

Definitions

  • the conductive coating serves for reflection of heat rays and thus, for example, in motor vehicles or in buildings for improving the thermal comfort. In many cases, it is also used as a heating layer to heat a transparent pane over its entire surface electrically.
  • transparent coatings can also be used as surface antennas for receiving electromagnetic waves because of their electrical conductivity.
  • the conductive coating is galvanically or capacitively coupled to a coupling electrode and the antenna signal is provided in the edge region of the disk.
  • the antenna signal is supplied to an antenna amplifier, which is connected in particular to the electrically conductive body in motor vehicles, whereby a high frequency technically effective reference potential for the antenna signal is predetermined by this electrical connection.
  • the usable antenna voltage results from the difference between the reference potential and the potential of the antenna signal.
  • the antenna structure of the present invention comprises at least one electrically insulating, preferably transparent substrate, and at least one electrically conductive, preferably transparent coating which at least partially covers at least one surface of the substrate and at least partially serves as a planar antenna (surface antenna) for receiving electromagnetic waves.
  • the conductive coating is adapted for use as a planar antenna and For this purpose, it can cover the substrate over a large area. Due to the fact that it can also be used to transmit electromagnetic waves, the planar antenna is referred to here and below as a "surface radiator".
  • the antenna structure can be realized for example in the form of a single-pane glass. Alternatively, the antenna structure according to the invention can be realized, for example, in the form of a composite pane.
  • the antenna structure according to the invention furthermore comprises at least one first coupling electrode electrically coupled to the conductive coating for coupling useful signals out of the planar antenna.
  • the first coupling electrode may, for example, be capacitively or galvanically coupled to the conductive coating.
  • the second coupling electrode is electrically coupled to an electrical ground or ground and thereby designed so that it is selectively permeable for a pre-definable frequency range, which preferably corresponds to the frequency range of the interference signals to be coupled out of the planar antenna.
  • the second coupling electrode is preferably above for a frequency range a cut-off frequency of 170 MHz selectively permeable.
  • the second coupling electrode is arranged near the first coupling electrode.
  • antenna signals at the various coupling electrodes are coupled depending on the potential difference and distance to a surface portion of the surface coating antenna conductive coating: the greater the potential difference between a surface portion of the conductive coating and the coupling electrode and the smaller the distance to this surface portion, the more signal is decouple the coupling electrode (and the less signal is then coupled out at another, "competing" coupling electrode).
  • the spatially close arrangement of the two coupling electrodes that occurring during signal reception potential differences are substantially equal for both coupling electrodes. Due to the frequency-selective transmission behavior of the second coupling electrode, it can furthermore be achieved that interference signals are coupled out via the second coupling electrode and useful signals via the first coupling electrode. Due to the spatially close arrangement of the two coupling electrodes can also be achieved that noise of all interfering with the surface antenna interference sources above the threshold or passage frequency of the second coupling electrode reliably and safely be coupled out of the surface antenna. The signal / noise ratio of the surface antenna can be significantly improved.
  • the second coupling electrode has a distance from the first coupling electrode which is less than a quarter of the minimum wavelength of the interference signals to be coupled out of the planar antenna.
  • the second coupling electrode is electrically coupled to an electrical ground, and further between a surface zone of the conductive coating (hereinafter referred to as "noise source area zone”) whose points are closest to the noise source, and the first Coupling electrode arranged.
  • noise source area zone a surface zone of the conductive coating
  • the first Coupling electrode arranged between the Störttlen constitutionalzone and the first coupling electrode second coupling electrode in a beneficial manner, a spatially selective coupling out of interfering signals from the surface antenna, without significantly affecting the reception of useful signals. Due to the distance condition between the disturbance source and the disturbance source area zone, disturbance signals of the disturbance source in the disturbance source area zone having a largest signal amplitude or signal intensity are received.
  • the signal reception of the interference signals occurring potential differences between a Störttlen preparationzone containing surface portion of the conductive coating and the second coupling electrode are thus greater than potential differences between this surface portion and the first coupling electrode, so that the noise signals are mainly coupled out from the second coupling electrode.
  • the shape of the noise source area zone depends on the shape of the noise source.
  • the first coupling electrode can furthermore receive useful signals from surface sections of the planar antenna, which are coupled out predominantly from the first coupling electrode. The signal / noise ratio of the surface antenna can be significantly improved.
  • the second coupling electrode has a distance from the first coupling electrode which is less than a quarter of the minimum wavelength of the interference signals, whereby a further improvement of the signal / noise ratio of the surface antenna can be achieved.
  • the second coupling electrode is electrically coupled to an electrical ground and also located near a Störttlen scanningzone the conductive coating whose points have a shortest distance from the source of interference and thus a maximum signal amplitude with respect to the noise of the source of interference.
  • the close arrangement of the second coupling electrode at the Störttlen preparationzone causes upon receipt of the interference signals of the interference source potential differences between a Störttlen preparationzone containing surface portion of the surface antenna and the second coupling electrode, which are larger than potential differences between this surface portion and the first coupling electrode, so that the interference signals predominantly from the second coupling electrode are coupled out.
  • a geometric distance between the second coupling electrode and the Störttlen preparationzone is less than a geometric distance between the first coupling electrode and the Störttlen constitutionalzone.
  • the first coupling electrode can furthermore receive useful signals from surface sections of the planar antenna in which potential differences occur which are greater than potential differences between a surface section containing the interference source surface zone and the first coupling electrode. The signal / noise ratio of the surface antenna can be significantly improved.
  • the second coupling electrode is designed such that it is selectively permeable for a predeterminable frequency range, in particular a frequency range above 170 MHz.
  • the second coupling electrode is formed in the form of a projecting edge portion of the conductive coating, which enables a particularly simple and cost-effective in mass production of the second coupling electrode.
  • this measure allows a simple capacitive coupling with a conductive structure acting as a mass, for example a metallic vehicle body or a metallic window frame.
  • the second coupling electrode is capacitively coupled to a conductive structure acting as a ground.
  • a frequency-selective transmission behavior of the second coupling electrode is adjustable in a simple manner by the capacitive properties of the electrical coupling.
  • the second coupling electrode with the interposition of a frequency-selective component, such as a capacitor is galvanically coupled to the acting as a mass conductive structure. Due to the frequency-selective component, interference signals can be reliably and safely extracted from the planar antenna.
  • the first coupling electrode with an unshielded, linear conductor hereinafter referred to as "antenna conductor" is electrically coupled.
  • the antenna conductor serves as a line antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves.
  • the line-shaped conductor is located outside of a space which can be projected by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna serving as a projection surface, whereby an antenna base of the line antenna becomes a common Antennenfußddling the line and surface antenna.
  • the first coupling electrode may, for example, be capacitively or galvanically coupled electrically to the line-shaped antenna conductor.
  • the antenna structure thus has a hybrid structure of surface and line antenna.
  • the antenna conductor serves as a line antenna and is designed to be suitable for this purpose, that is to say it has a form suitable for reception in the desired frequency range.
  • line antennas or line radiators have a geometric length (L) that exceeds their geometric width (B) by several orders of magnitude.
  • the geometric length of a line radiator is the distance between antenna base and antenna tip, the geometric width of the vertical dimension.
  • LB geometric width
  • L geometric height
  • the projection surface is a projection plane containing the coating. Said space is bounded by an imaginary edge surface which is positioned at the circumferential edge of the conductive coating or at the peripheral edge of the surface-antenna-active part of the conductive coating and is perpendicular to the projection surface.
  • an antenna base of the line antenna becomes a common antenna base of the line and plane antenna.
  • the term "antenna footpoint" describes an electrical contact for picking up received antenna signals, in particular relating to a reference potential (eg, ground) for determining the signal levels of the antenna signals.
  • the hybrid antenna structure thus advantageously allows a good reception performance with high bandwidth, which combines the favorable reception characteristics of the area radiator in the frequency ranges of bands I and II with the favorable reception properties of the line radiator in the frequency ranges of bands II to V.
  • the hybrid antenna structure thus makes available the complete frequency range of the bands I to V with a satisfactory reception power, for example for a windscreen serving as an antenna disk.
  • the antenna conductor may be specially adapted for reception in the terrestrial bands III-V, and for this purpose preferably has a length of more than 100 millimeters (mm) and a width of less than 1 mm and a height of less than 1 mm, corresponding to a ratio length / width ⁇ 100 and L / H ⁇ 100, respectively.
  • the antenna conductor has a resistance of less than 20 ohm / m, more preferably less than 10 ohm / m.
  • the first coupling electrode may be electrically coupled to the conductive coating such that the receiving power (signal level) of the planar antenna is as high as possible.
  • the common antenna base of surface and line antenna can be electrically conductively connected by a connection conductor to an electronic signal processing device for processing received antenna signals, for example an antenna amplifier, wherein the connection contact is arranged so that the length of the connection conductor is as short as possible .
  • an electronic signal processing device for processing received antenna signals for example an antenna amplifier
  • the connection contact is arranged so that the length of the connection conductor is as short as possible .
  • the conductive coating may cover the surface of the substrate except for a circumferential, electrically isolated edge strip, the antenna conductor being located within a space that can be projected by orthogonal parallel projection onto the edge strip serving as a projection surface.
  • the antenna conductor can be applied to the substrate, for example in the region of the edge strip. This measure allows a particularly simple production of the hybrid antenna structure.
  • the conductive coating may be on a surface of the at least one substrate and the line-shaped antenna conductor on a different surface thereof or a different substrate.
  • the first coupling electrode and the antenna conductor may be connected through a first connection conductor be electrically connected to each other, which in particular the possibility is created to make the first coupling electrode independent of the electrical connection to the linear antenna conductor, whereby the performance of the hybrid antenna structure can be improved.
  • the antenna conductor may be on a surface of the at least one substrate and the common antenna base may be on a different surface thereof or a different substrate.
  • the antenna conductor and the common Antennenfußddling are electrically connected to each other by a second connection conductor.
  • the electrical connection of the common Antennenfußddlings can be realized with the downstream antenna electronics in a particularly simple manner.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor may be printed from a metallic printing paste, for example by screen printing, onto the at least one substrate or laid in the form of a wire, thereby enabling a particularly simple production of the antenna conductor.
  • at least one of the conductors, selected from the first coupling electrode, the first connection conductor and the second connection conductor can lead to the edge of the at least one substrate and be designed as a flat conductor with a width that tapers in the region of the edge.
  • the line antenna and the first coupling electrode, as well as the two connection conductors (if any) may be hidden by an opaque masking layer, whereby the optical appearance of the antenna structure can be improved.
  • the conductive coating may comprise at least two planar segments which are insulated from one another by at least one line-shaped, electrically insulating region. In addition, at least one sheet-shaped segment is divided by linearly electrically insulating regions.
  • the second coupling electrode preferably has a high-pass range corresponding to the frequency range of the terrestrial bands III-V, in particular corresponding to the frequency range of the terrestrial bands IV and V.
  • the invention further extends to an antenna arrangement having an antenna structure as described above, an electrically conductive structure acting as a ground and optionally at least one interference source whose interference signals can be received by the planar antenna.
  • the second coupling electrode for coupling out interference signals from the planar antenna to the ground electrically, preferably capacitively coupled.
  • the mass-acting electrically conductive structure may be, for example, the body of a motor vehicle.
  • the invention further extends to a method for operating an antenna structure as described above, in which useful signals are coupled out via the first coupling electrode and interference signals selectively via the second coupling electrode from the planar antenna.
  • the invention extends to the use of an antenna structure as described above as a functional and / or decorative single piece and as a built-in furniture, appliances and buildings, and in locomotion means for locomotion on land, in the air or on water, especially in motor vehicles, for example as windshield, rear window, side window and / or glass roof.
  • the composite pane 20 comprises two transparent individual panes, namely a rigid outer pane 2 and a rigid inner pane 3, which are firmly connected to each other via a transparent thermoplastic adhesive layer 21.
  • the individual panes have approximately the same size and are made for example of glass, in particular float glass, cast glass and ceramic glass, being equally made of a non-glassy material, such as plastic, in particular polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyester (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be produced.
  • PS polystyrene
  • PA polyamide
  • PE polyester
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the outer and inner panes 2, 3 may vary widely depending on the use and may be, for example, in the range of 1 to 24 mm for glass.
  • the composite disk 20 has an at least approximately trapezoidal curved contour (in Fig. 1 only partially recognizable), which results from a disc rim 5 which is common to the two individual discs 2, 3 and which is composed of two opposite long disc edges 5a and two opposite short disc edges 5b.
  • the disk surfaces are denoted by the Roman numerals I-IV, wherein “side I” of a first disk surface 24 of the outer disk 2, "side II” of a second disk surface 25 of the outer disk 2, “side III” of a third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3 and “side IV” of a fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3 corresponds.
  • side I of a first disk surface 24 of the outer disk 2
  • side II of a second disk surface 25 of the outer disk 2
  • side III of a third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3
  • side IV of a fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3
  • the adhesive layer 21 for connecting the outer and inner pane 2, 3 is preferably made of an adhesive plastic preferably based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and polyurethane (PU).
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • the adhesive layer 21 is formed for example as a bilayer in the form of two bonded together PVB films, which is not shown in more detail in the figures.
  • a planar support 4 preferably made of plastic, preferably based on polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyester (PE) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably based on polyester (PE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • the carrier 4 is formed for example in the form of a PET film.
  • the carrier 4 is embedded between the two PVB films of the adhesive layer 21 and arranged parallel to the outer and inner disks 2, 3 approximately centrally between the two, wherein a first support surface 22 of the second disk surface 25 and a second Carrier surface 23 of the third disc surface 26 faces.
  • the carrier 4 does not extend all the way to the wafer edge 5, so that a carrier edge 29 is set back inwards relative to the wafer edge 5 and a carrier-free, all-round peripheral edge zone 28 of the composite wafer 20 remains.
  • the edge zone 28 is used in particular for electrical insulation of the conductive coating 6 to the outside, for example, to reduce capacitive coupling with the electrically conductive, usually made of sheet metal vehicle body.
  • the conductive coating 6 is protected against penetrating from the wafer edge 5 corrosion.
  • a transparent, electrically conductive coating 6 is applied, which is bounded by a coating edge 8 which runs around on all sides.
  • the conductive coating 6 covers an area which is more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 80% and even more preferably more than 90% of the area of the second disk surface 25 and the third disk surface 26, respectively.
  • the area covered by the conductive coating 6 is preferably more than 1 m 2 and may generally be in the range of 100 cm 2 to 25 m 2 regardless of the use of the composite pane 20 as a windshield.
  • the transparent, electrically conductive coating 6 contains or consists of at least one electrically conductive material.
  • TCO T ransparent C onductive O xides
  • TCO is preferably indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin dioxide, aluminum-doped tin dioxide, gallium-doped tin dioxide, boron-doped tin dioxide, tin zinc oxide or antimony-doped tin oxide.
  • the conductive coating 6 can consist of a single layer with such a conductive material or of a layer sequence which contains at least one such single layer.
  • the layer sequence may comprise at least one layer of a conductive material and at least one layer of a dielectric material.
  • the thickness of the conductive coating 6 may vary widely depending on the use, and the thickness at each location may be, for example, in the range of 30 nm to 100 ⁇ m. In the case of TCO, the thickness is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 1.5 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 150 nm to 1 ⁇ m, particularly preferably in the range of 200 nm to 500 nm.
  • the conductive coating of a layer sequence with at least one layer of an electrically conductive material and at least one layer of a dielectric material the thickness is preferably 20 nm to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 25 nm to 90 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 30 nm to 80 ⁇ m.
  • the layer sequence can withstand high thermal loads so that it can withstand the temperatures required for bending glass panes of typically more than 600.degree. C. without damage, but it is also possible to provide thermally low-loadable layer sequences.
  • the surface resistance of the conductive coating 6 is preferably less than 20 ohms and is for example in the range of 0.5 to 20 ohms. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the sheet resistance of the conductive coating 6 is 4 ohms, for example.
  • CVD chemical vapor deposition
  • PVD Physical V apor D eposition
  • the coating 6 is applied by sputtering (magnetron sputtering).
  • the conductive coating 6 serves as an area antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves, preferably in the frequency range of the terrestrial broadcasting bands I and II.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • the band-shaped first coupling electrode 10 consists for example of a metallic material, preferably silver, and is printed for example by means of screen printing. It preferably has a length of more than 10 mm with a width of 5 mm or larger, preferably a length of more than 25 mm with a width of 5 mm or larger.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 has a length of 300 mm and a width of 5 mm.
  • the thickness of the first coupling electrode is preferably less than 0.015 mm.
  • the specific one Conductivity of a first coupling electrode 10 made of silver is, for example, 61.35 ⁇ 10 6 / ohm ⁇ m.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 extends and is in direct electrical contact with the conductive coating 6 approximately parallel to the upper coating edge 8 and extends into the carrier-free edge zone 28.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is arranged so that the antenna signals of the surface antenna are optimized in terms of their reception power (signal level).
  • the conductive coating 6 is subdivided in a strip-shaped edge region 15 adjoining the support edge 29, for example by means of lasering, into a plurality of electrically insulated segments 16 between which electrically insulating (de-layered) regions 17 are located.
  • the edge region 15 runs essentially parallel to the carrier surface 24 and can in particular be circumferential on all sides.
  • a line-shaped, unshielded antenna conductor 12 as a line antenna for receiving electromagnetic waves, preferably in the frequency range of the terrestrial radio bands II to V, particularly preferably in the frequency range of the radio bands III to V and is designed to be suitable for this purpose.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is in the form of a wire 18, which is preferably longer than 100 mm and narrower than 1 mm.
  • the resistance of the antenna conductor 12 is preferably less than 20 ohm / m, more preferably less than 10 ohm / m.
  • the length of the antenna conductor 12 is about 650 mm with a width of 0.75 mm. Its resistance coating is for example 5 ohms / m.
  • the antenna conductor 12 has an at least approximately rectilinear profile and is located completely within the carrier-free and coating-free edge zone 28 of the composite pane 20, wherein it extends predominantly along the short pane edge 5b, for example below a vehicle trim (not shown) in the region of the masking strip 9 ,
  • the antenna conductor 12 has a sufficient distance from both the disk edge 5 and the coating edge 8, whereby a capacitive coupling with the conductive coating 6 and the vehicle body is counteracted.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is electrically coupled to the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 at a first terminal 11, not shown.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is galvanically coupled to the antenna conductor 12, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • the first connection contact 11 of the first coupling electrode 10 or the connection point between the first coupling electrode 10 and the antenna conductor 12 can be considered as Antennenfußdazzling for tapping antenna signals of the surface antenna.
  • a second terminal contact 14 of the antenna conductor 12 serves as a common Antennenfußddling 13 for tapping the antenna signals both the surface antenna as well as the line antenna. The antenna signals of the surface and the line antenna are thus provided at the second terminal contact 14.
  • connection conductor 19 is as short as possible and its parasitic effect is minimized as an antenna, so that it is possible to dispense with the use of a conductor designed specifically for high-frequency technology.
  • the connection conductor 19 is preferably shorter than 100 mm. Accordingly, the connection conductor 19 is here for example designed as unshielded stranded wire or foil conductor, which is inexpensive and space-saving and can also be connected via a relatively simple connection technology.
  • the transparent, electrically conductive coating 6, depending on the material composition, fulfill other functions.
  • it may serve as a heat ray-reflecting coating for purposes of sunscreen, thermoregulation or thermal insulation or as a heating layer for electrically heating the composite disk 20.
  • These functions are of minor importance to the present invention.
  • the outer pane 2 is provided with an opaque ink layer, which is applied to the second pane surface 25 (page II) and a frame-shaped circumferential Masking strip 9 forms, which is not shown in detail in the figures.
  • the color layer is preferably made of an electrically non-conductive, black-colored material that can be baked into the outer pane 2.
  • the masking strip 9 on the one hand prevents the view of an adhesive strand, with which the composite disc 20 can be glued into a vehicle body, on the other hand it serves as UV protection for the adhesive material used.
  • the surface coating serving as a conductive coating 6 is provided with two adjacent to the long edge of the disk 5a projecting surface areas, each serving as a second coupling electrode 36, 36 '.
  • the two projections have at least approximately a rectangular shape, wherein any other suitable for use form may be provided equally.
  • the conductive coating 6 has no segmented edge region 15 in the surface sections adjoining the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 '.
  • the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36' each extend into the otherwise coating-free edge strips 7.
  • the carrier 4 passes with the conductive coating 6 in a juxtaposition with an electrically conductive structure 37 and is capacitively coupled thereto. More specifically, a first surface portion 40 of the coating 6 is in parallel juxtaposition to a second surface portion 41 of the electrically conductive structure 37.
  • the electrically conductive structure 37 may be, for example, the body of a motor vehicle.
  • the electrically conductive structure 37 is fixedly connected to the fourth disk surface 27 of the inner pane 3 here, for example by means of a bead of adhesive 38. Accordingly, the conductive coating 6 is capacitively coupled to the electrically conductive structure 37 via the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 '.
  • the conductive coating 6 outside the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 ' is not in juxtaposition to the conductive structure 37, so that it is capacitively not coupled to the conductive structure 37.
  • a motor vehicle various sources of interference, such as clocked electrical equipment, such as sensors, cameras, engine control unit and the like, emit electromagnetic interference signals, which are used by the surface antenna conductive coating 6 can be received due to the large antenna surface.
  • clocked electrical equipment such as sensors, cameras, engine control unit and the like
  • electromagnetic interference signals which are used by the surface antenna conductive coating 6 can be received due to the large antenna surface.
  • two interference sources 39, 39 ' are schematically illustrated on the basis of their projection locations in the region of the coating-free edge strip 7 at the upper and lower long wafer edges 5a.
  • the interference signals of the two interference sources 39, 39 'received by the planar antenna have a maximum signal amplitude in the two interference source surface zones 42, 42'.
  • the points of the upper interference source area 42 have a shortest distance from the upper interference source 39 and the points of the lower interference source area 42 'have a shortest distance from the lower interference source 39'.
  • the shapes of the noise source surface zones 42, 42 ' depend on the respective shapes of the noise sources 39, 39', it being understood that the in Fig. 1 illustrated forms are to be considered as exemplary only.
  • the second coupling electrode 36 is disposed in the vicinity of the first coupling electrode 10 and is located between the first coupling electrode 10 and the associated upper Störttlen Chemistryzone 42 of the upper interference source 39.
  • the second coupling electrode 36 has, for example, a geometric distance from the first coupling electrode 10th which is less than 7.5 cm.
  • the second coupling electrode 36 ' is disposed in the vicinity of the associated lower Störttlen vomzone 42' of the lower interference source 39 '.
  • the second coupling electrode 36 ' has a geometric distance from the lower interference source surface zone 42', which is less than 7.5 cm.
  • the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 ' have a frequency-selective transmission behavior and act as a high-pass filter, wherein the two coupling electrodes 36, 36' here, for example, designed so that they pass only frequencies above 170 MHz.
  • the two coupling electrodes 36, 36 'thus act in particular frequency selective for the terrestrial bands III-V.
  • the interference signals of the two interference sources 39, 39 ' are in a frequency range above 170 MHz.
  • This frequency selectivity can be achieved in a simple manner by adjusting the capacitive properties of the second coupling electrodes 36, 36 'capacitively coupled to the conductive structure 37. For this purpose, it is only necessary to appropriately set the size of the opposing (capacitively active) areas of the second coupling electrodes 36, 36 'and the conductive pattern 37 and the size of the pitch of these capacitively active areas.
  • the interference signals received by the upper interference source 39 are thus coupled out of the upper second coupling electrode 36 from the conductive surface coating 6 as a surface antenna due to the frequency-selective transmission behavior of the upper second coupling electrode 36.
  • the interference signals of the upper interference source 39 are coupled out of the second coupling electrode 36 predominantly from a surface section of the conductive coating 6 containing the upper interference source area zone 42 and the upper second coupling electrode 36.
  • the interfering signals received from the lower interfering source 39' are primarily from the lower second coupling electrode 36 'made of the conductive coating 6 decoupled.
  • the spatial proximity of the second coupling electrode 36 'to the lower Störttlen conductingzone 42' causes signal differences in potential differences between a lower Störttlen conductingzone 42 'containing surface portion and the lower second coupling electrode 36', which are greater than potential differences between this surface portion and the first coupling electrode 10, so that These interference signals are primarily decoupled via the lower second coupling electrode 36 '.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 can decouple antenna signals from surface regions of the conductive coating 6 that are different from the interference source surface zones 42, 42, in which potential differences with respect to the first coupling electrode 10 occur during signal reception which are greater than potential differences with respect to the two second coupling electrodes 36. 36 '.
  • Useful signals which lie in the frequency range coupled out as interference signals via the electrically conductive structure 37 (ground) can be received in an advantageous manner via the antenna conductor 12 serving as a line antenna, so that virtually no signal loss occurs.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is disturbed by the interference signals of the interference sources 39, 39 'not or only to a negligible extent.
  • the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is thus characterized by an excellent signal / noise ratio.
  • a capacitive coupling of the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 'with the conductive structure 37 could equally a galvanic coupling of the two second coupling electrodes 36, 36 'with the conductive structure 37 with the interposition of a frequency-selective component, such as a capacitor, may be provided.
  • the width of the edge strip 7 is in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 cm, preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.3 cm and particularly preferably in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 cm.
  • the edge strip 7 serves in particular for an electrical insulation of the conductive coating 6 to the outside and for reducing a capacitive coupling with surrounding conductive structures.
  • the edge strip 7 can be produced by subsequent removal of the conductive coating 6, for example by abrasive removal, laser ablation or etching, or by masking the inner pane 3 before the application of the conductive coating 6 to the third pane surface 26.
  • the antenna conductor 12 serving as a line antenna is applied to the third disk surface 26 in the region of the coating-free edge strip 7.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is formed in the form of a flat conductor track 35, which is preferably applied by printing, for example screen printing, a metallic printing paste.
  • the line antenna and the plane antenna are on the same Surface (page III) of the inner pane 3.
  • the band-shaped first coupling electrode 10 extends beyond the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 and is galvanically coupled thereto, wherein a capacitive coupling may equally be provided.
  • the antenna radiator 12 is located outside the in Fig. 3A illustrated space 30, in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna, so that the line antenna is not electrically charged by the surface antenna.
  • Fig. 3A is the space 30 bounding (imaginary) boundary surface 32, which is directed perpendicular to the third disc surface 26 and at the coating edge 8 and 8 '(in the edge region 15) is arranged schematically.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 is located in an unspecified space in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the non-coating edge strip 7 serving as a projection surface. An electrical load on the line antenna by the planar antenna is thereby avoided in an advantageous manner.
  • connection conductor 19 makes contact with the second connection contact 14 of the antenna conductor 12 and then leads away from the antenna conductor 12 on the same side of the outer pane 2.
  • a carrier 4 is provided in the composite disk 20, on which the conductive coating 6 is applied.
  • the band-shaped first coupling electrode 10 is applied to the fourth surface (side IV) of the inner pane 3 and capacitively coupled to the conductive coating 6 serving as a planar antenna.
  • Serving as a line antenna antenna conductor 12 is also on the fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3, for example by printing, for example screen printing, applied and galvanically coupled to the coupling electrode, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the patch antenna and the line antenna are on different surfaces of mutually different substrates.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is located outside the space 30, in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna 6, so that the line antenna is not electrically stressed by the planar antenna.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the antenna conductor 12 and leads away directly from the composite disk 20.
  • FIG. 6 a fourth variant of the hybrid antenna assembly 1 is shown, with only the differences from the third variant of the Fig. 5A and 5B Be described and otherwise made to the statements made there reference.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 formed as a flat conductor track 35 is applied to the third disk surface 26 of the inner disk 3.
  • a second connecting conductor 34 is applied to the antenna conductor 12 at the base of the antenna and extends over the short disk edge 5b to the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner disk 3.
  • the second connecting conductor 34 is galvanically coupled to the antenna conductor 12, where equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the second connection conductor 34 may be made of the same material as the coupling electrode 10, for example.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the connecting conductor 19 on the fourth disk surface 27 and leads away from the composite disk 20.
  • the width (dimension perpendicular to the extension direction) of the second connecting conductor 34 designed as a band-shaped flat conductor preferably tapers towards the short disk edge 5b, so that a capacitive coupling between the conductive coating 6 and the electrically conductive vehicle body can be counteracted.
  • a composite disk 20 is provided with a carrier 4 embedded in the adhesive layer 21 and a transparent, conductive coating 6 applied on the second carrier surface 23.
  • the conductive coating 6 is applied over the entire surface of the second support surface 23, wherein a segmented edge region 15 is not formed, however, may be provided equally.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is located on the conductive coating 6 and is galvanically coupled thereto, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 extends over the upper, long disk edge 5a on the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner pane 3.
  • the line-shaped antenna conductor 12 is analogous to that in connection with Fig. 5A and 5B described third variant of the first embodiment as a conductor 35 applied to the fourth disc surface 27 of the inner pane 3.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is located on the antenna conductor 12 and is galvanically coupled thereto, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the antenna conductor 12 is located outside of the space 30 in which each point can be imaged by orthogonal parallel projection on the surface antenna, so that the line antenna is not electrically stressed by the planar antenna.
  • the connecting conductor 19 contacts the antenna conductor 12 and leads away directly from the composite disk 20.
  • the first coupling electrode 10 is formed only in the region of the conductive coating 6, this is in direct contact and is thus galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, wherein equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • a first connection conductor 33 is in direct contact with its one end of the first coupling electrode 10 and is galvanically coupled to the conductive coating 6, but equally a capacitive coupling can be provided.
  • the first connection conductor 33 extends beyond the upper long disk edge 5a to the fourth disk surface 27 (side IV) of the inner disk 3 and contacts with its other end the antenna conductor 12 formed as a conductor.
  • the invention provides a hybrid antenna structure which enables bandwidth-optimized reception of electromagnetic waves, wherein a satisfactory reception performance can be achieved through the combination of surface and line antenna over the entire frequency range of the bands IV. Due to the possibility that interference signals from external sources of interference can be coupled out via a mass electrically coupled to the planar antenna, the hybrid antenna structure has an excellent signal-to-noise ratio.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Structure Of Receivers (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
EP10165892A 2010-06-14 2010-06-14 Antennenaufbau mit verbessertem Signal/Rauschverhältnis Withdrawn EP2400591A1 (de)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10165892A EP2400591A1 (de) 2010-06-14 2010-06-14 Antennenaufbau mit verbessertem Signal/Rauschverhältnis
ES11733603T ES2749880T3 (es) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Disposición de antena con relación de señal/ruido mejorada
US13/581,754 US9929464B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Antenna assembly and antenna structure with improved signal-to-noise ratio
PT117336032T PT2580807T (pt) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Disposição de antena e estrutura de antena com relação sinal/ruído melhorada
JP2013514681A JP5650840B2 (ja) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 信号対雑音比が改善されてなるアンテナアセンブリおよびアンテナ構造
BR112012022652A BR112012022652A2 (pt) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 conjunto de antena e projeto de antena com uma relação melhorada de sinal/ruído
MX2012011447A MX2012011447A (es) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Montaje de antena y estructura de antena con relación mejora de señal a ruido.
KR1020127029410A KR101513787B1 (ko) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 신호 대 잡음비가 개선된 안테나 조립체 및 설계
PCT/EP2011/059807 WO2011157689A2 (de) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Antennenanordnung und antennenaufbau mit verbessertem signal/rauschverhältnis
EP11733603.2A EP2580807B1 (de) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Antennenanordnung mit verbessertem signal/rauschverhältnis
PL11733603T PL2580807T3 (pl) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Układ antenowy o poprawionym stosunku sygnału do szumu
EA201291353A EA030071B1 (ru) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Антенная система и антенная конструкция с улучшенным отношением сигнал/шум
CN201180029465.4A CN102934282B (zh) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 具有改善信噪比的天线配置和天线构造

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EP11733603.2A Active EP2580807B1 (de) 2010-06-14 2011-06-14 Antennenanordnung mit verbessertem signal/rauschverhältnis

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EP (2) EP2400591A1 (pt)
JP (1) JP5650840B2 (pt)
KR (1) KR101513787B1 (pt)
CN (1) CN102934282B (pt)
BR (1) BR112012022652A2 (pt)
EA (1) EA030071B1 (pt)
ES (1) ES2749880T3 (pt)
MX (1) MX2012011447A (pt)
PL (1) PL2580807T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT2580807T (pt)
WO (1) WO2011157689A2 (pt)

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US10665919B2 (en) 2015-04-08 2020-05-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Antenna pane
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JP6035300B2 (ja) * 2014-09-18 2016-11-30 本田技研工業株式会社 ノイズ除去機構
JP6763306B2 (ja) * 2014-12-24 2020-09-30 Ａｇｃ株式会社 電気接続部材及びそれを用いた積層板
CN109417221B (zh) * 2016-10-21 2021-04-27 株式会社友华 车载天线装置及天线系统
US11133580B2 (en) * 2017-06-22 2021-09-28 Innolux Corporation Antenna device
DE102017220732A1 (de) * 2017-11-21 2019-05-23 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Glasdach und mit einer auf diesem Glasdach aufsitzenden Antennenanordnung
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WO2020230819A1 (ja) * 2019-05-16 2020-11-19 Ａｇｃ株式会社 平面アンテナ、アンテナ積層体及び車両用窓ガラス
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WO2022030395A1 (ja) * 2020-08-03 2022-02-10 Ａｇｃ株式会社 周波数選択表面装荷部材および車両用窓部材

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CN102934282B (zh) 2015-10-14
KR20130079392A (ko) 2013-07-10
BR112012022652A2 (pt) 2016-11-01
MX2012011447A (es) 2013-02-07
JP5650840B2 (ja) 2015-01-07
PT2580807T (pt) 2019-10-31
EA030071B1 (ru) 2018-06-29
WO2011157689A2 (de) 2011-12-22
EA201291353A1 (ru) 2013-04-30
US9929464B2 (en) 2018-03-27
EP2580807B1 (de) 2019-07-24
ES2749880T3 (es) 2020-03-24
EP2580807A2 (de) 2013-04-17
JP2013534095A (ja) 2013-08-29
US20130141289A1 (en) 2013-06-06
PL2580807T3 (pl) 2020-01-31
KR101513787B1 (ko) 2015-04-20
WO2011157689A3 (de) 2012-03-15
CN102934282A (zh) 2013-02-13

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