Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
  • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
  • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
  • F01K23/101—Regulating means specially adapted therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
  • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
  • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
  • F28B1/02—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using water or other liquid as the cooling medium
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
  • F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
  • F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
  • F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a Rankine cycle, in particular for mobile applications, preferably in motor vehicles, having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention also relates to a motor vehicle having such a Rankine cycle.
• a Clausius-Rankine circle is known. It conventionally comprises a pump for driving a liquid working fluid in the Rankine cycle and for pressurizing the working fluid. Further, a heater is provided for vaporizing the pressurized liquid working fluid. In addition, an expansion device for generating mechanical drive power by means of expansion of the hot, compressed steam is provided. By means of a condenser device, the hot, relaxed steam can be condensed and returned to the pump as a liquid working fluid. Furthermore, the known Clausius-Rankine cycle has a collecting volume for collecting and storing liquid working fluid. In the known Clausius-Rankine cycle, the collecting volume is contained in a collecting container, which can be coupled heat-transmitting with a heat exchanger in order to preheat the stored liquid working fluid.
• the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing an improved embodiment for a Rankine cycle of the type mentioned above, which is characterized in particular by the fact that it requires comparatively little installation space thus simplifying the realization of mobile applications.
• the invention is based on the general idea to integrate the collecting volume in the capacitor device.
• the condenser device is provided with a corresponding housing, which contains the collecting volume for storing and for collecting the condensed working fluid. Since the Clausius-Rankine cycle anyway requires a capacitor device that must be mounted so that the liquid working fluid can be relatively easily pumped to simplify the structure of the Rankine cycle by the proposed integration of the collection volume in the housing capacitor device. On a separate collection container for accommodating the collection volume can be dispensed with. Overall, the Clausius-Rankine circle thus requires less space. Due to its compact design, the realization of such a Clausius-Rankine cycle in a mobile application, such. Ex. In a motor vehicle.
• the housing also contains a capacitor volume in addition to the collecting volume.
• This is open to the collecting volume and takes on a heat exchanger, which is traversed by a cooling fluid.
• the collecting volume occupies a comparatively large proportion of the total volume of the housing in the housing of the condenser device.
• the collecting volume and the housing are coordinated so that the collecting volume fills at least 30% or at least 50% or at least 60% of the total volume of the housing.
• the capacitor volume in the housing of the capacitor device can thus be smaller than the collecting volume.
• the capacitor device can be connected to a cooling circuit in which a cooling fluid circulates.
• the Clausius-Rankine cycle expediently has a control device.
• This can According to an advantageous embodiment be designed so that so that the amount of circulating in the Clausius-Rankine cycle working fluid can be adjusted, depending on the current operating state of the Clausius-Rankine cycle.
• This embodiment is based on the finding that, depending on the operating state or operating point, a different amount of working fluid in the Clausius-Rankine cycle is required in order to be able to operate it optimally.
• the optimum circulating amount of working fluid varies depending on the drive power to be applied by the expansion device and / or in dependence on the heating power available at the heating device and / or in dependence on pressures and / or temperatures.
• the control device can now, taking into account the current operating state, for example via maps and / or calculation models, determine the amount of working fluid required for this purpose, which must circulate for optimal operation in the Clausius-Rankine cycle.
• the efficiency of the Clausius-Rankine cycle can be improved.
• the controller may be configured to adjust the amount of working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle by varying the capacitor power of the capacitor device.
• This embodiment makes use of the finding that the amount of working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle depends on the ratio of gas phase to liquid phase in the condenser device. The higher the condensation capacity of the condenser device, the more liquid working fluid is available for circulation in the Clausius-Rankine cycle.
• control device so that it adjusts the condensing capacity of the condenser device by changing the amount of the heat exchanger flowing through the cooling fluid in a condenser device containing a heat exchanger through which a cooling fluid.
• the control device takes into account the correlation between cooling fluid flow and accumulating condensate in the condenser device.
• control device adjusts the amount of working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle, the fact that the collecting volume for liquid working fluid in the housing of the capacitor device is integrated, which simplifies the variation of the circulating amount of working fluid.
• FIG. 1 shows a highly simplified schematic diagram-like schematic representation of a Clausius-Rankine cycle.
• a Rankine cycle 1 includes as components a pump 2, a heater 3, an expansion device 4, and a capacitor device 5. Further, leads 6 are provided to connect the individual components 2, 3, 4, 5 to each other , Thus, a line 6a connects a pressure side of the pump 2 to an input of the heater 3. A line 6b connects an output of the heater 3 to an input of the expansion device 4. A line 6c connects an output of the expansion device 4 to an input of the capacitor device 5. A Line 6d connects an output of the capacitor device 5 to the suction side of the pump 2.
• the Rankine cycle 1 is preferably suitable for a mobile application. Accordingly, it may, for example, be arranged in a motor vehicle.
• Such a motor vehicle includes, for example, an exhaust system 7, which may be coupled to the heater 3 for heat transfer.
• an exhaust gas flow through the designed as a heat exchanger heater 3 are passed.
• the vehicle may have a cooling circuit 8, which may, for example, be coupled with the condenser device 5 in a heat-transmitting manner.
• a heat exchanger 9 of the capacitor device 5 can be integrated into the cooling circuit 8 of the vehicle.
• the pump 2 serves to drive a liquid working fluid in the Rankine cycle 1. At the same time, the pump 2 serves to pressurize the working fluid. The pump 2 thus promotes the working fluid in the lines 6 and through the individual components 3, 4, 5.
• the heater 3 serves to evaporate the pressurized, liquid working fluid.
• the working fluid is supplied with heat q.
• the expansion device 4 drives a generator 11 via a drive shaft 10 in order to generate electrical energy.
• the condenser device 5 serves to condense the hot, relaxed steam.
• heat is q from purged from the working fluid. In this way, the working fluid is cooled and thus liquefied. The liquid working fluid can then be returned to the pump 2.
• the capacitor device 5 has a housing 12 in which z. Ex.
• the heat exchanger 9 is arranged.
• this housing 12 also has a collecting volume 13 is integrated, which serves for collecting and storing of liquid working fluid.
• the housing 12 may also include a capacitor volume 14 in addition to the collection volume 13.
• the capacitor volume 14 is expediently open to the collecting volume 13.
• the heat exchanger 9 arranged.
• the collecting volume 13 is at least 30% or at least 50% or at least 60% of a total volume of the housing 12.
• the capacitor volume 14 for accommodating the heat exchanger 9 is at least 35% of the total volume of the housing 12.
• the collecting volume 13 which is provided for collecting and providing the liquid working fluid need not always be completely filled with liquid working fluid, but the amount of working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle 1 can vary.
• the Rankine cycle 1 may have a control device 15 with the aid of which the amount of the working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle 1 can be adjusted.
• the setting of the circulating amount of working fluid is carried out as a function of current operating parameters of the Rankine cycle 1, that is, as a function of a current operating state.
• Corresponding operating parameters receives the control device 15 in the example via a corresponding signal line 16.
• the control device 15 may be connected to an engine control unit of the vehicle.
• the control device 15 may be connected to a suitable sensor for detecting the required operating parameters.
• control device 15 cooperates with a control valve 17, with the aid of which the amount of cooling fluid flowing through in the heat exchanger 9 can be adjusted.
• the control valve 17 is integrated at a suitable location in the cooling circuit 8.
• the control valve 17 may be incorporated in a flow 18 of the cooling circuit 8 as shown. It is also possible to integrate the control valve 17 in a return line 19 of the cooling circuit 8.
• the control valve 17 is arranged outside the housing 12 of the capacitor device 5. It is also possible to arrange the control valve 17 in the interior of the housing 12 of the capacitor device 5.
• the control device 15 can thus set by appropriate actuation of the control valve 17, the amount of the heat exchanger 9 flowing through the cooling fluid. Since the amount of cooling fluid flowing through the heat exchanger 9 determines the condensation capacity of the condenser device 5, the control device 15 can thus indirectly set the condensing capacity of the condenser device 5.
• the condensation capacity of the condenser device 5 in turn is decisive for the ratio of gas phase to liquid phase in the condenser device 5 and thus for the resulting amount of liquid working fluid.
• the condensation capacity of the condenser device 5 correlates with the circulating in Clausius Rankine cycle amount of working fluid. Accordingly, the controller 15 can indirectly adjust the amount of the working fluid to be circulated in the Rankine cycle.
• the adjustment of the amount of working fluid circulating in the Rankine cycle 1 can take place in the sense of a control or else be carried out in the sense of a regulation.
• the control device 15 assigns to the current operating state a control signal with which the control valve 17 must be actuated in order to be able to set the desired working fluid quantity in accordance with calculations or characteristic diagrams.
• the control device 15 compares the actual amount of working fluid currently circulating in the Clausius-Rankine cycle 1 with a desired amount of the working fluid which would have to circulate in the Rankine cycle 1 due to the current operating state. In response to a desired-actual comparison, the control valve 17 is then activated.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2008
  • 2008-11-13 DE DE102008057202A patent/DE102008057202A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2009
  • 2009-10-06 WO PCT/EP2009/007162 patent/WO2010054724A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-10-06 JP JP2011535890A patent/JP5661044B2/ja active Active
  • 2009-10-06 CN CN200980145250.1A patent/CN102265002B/zh active Active
  • 2009-10-06 EP EP09778849A patent/EP2387655A2/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-05-02 US US13/068,077 patent/US20120060502A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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