EP2371461B1 - Procédé de transport d'un objet devant être imprimé - Google Patents

Procédé de transport d'un objet devant être imprimé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2371461B1
EP2371461B1 EP11160269.4A EP11160269A EP2371461B1 EP 2371461 B1 EP2371461 B1 EP 2371461B1 EP 11160269 A EP11160269 A EP 11160269A EP 2371461 B1 EP2371461 B1 EP 2371461B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feature
image
abb
value vector
feature value
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EP11160269.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2371461A1 (fr
Inventor
Gisbert Dr. Berger
Jörg-Andreas ILLMAIER
Matthias Schulte-Austum
Jürgen HOHLWEGLER
Rudolf Rapp
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C3/00—Sorting according to destination
    • B07C3/10—Apparatus characterised by the means used for detection ofthe destination
    • B07C3/14—Apparatus characterised by the means used for detection ofthe destination using light-responsive detecting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for transporting an article to be printed, in particular a mailpiece.
  • a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is made DE 10 2008 017 185 A1 known.
  • a first sorting system Anl-1 discharges several objects (flat mail items) into an output compartment Af-1.2 and further objects into other output compartments, cf. Fig. 1 , These mail items from the output tray Af-1.2 enter a container Beh-2, are transported to a second sorting system Anl-2 and pass through the second sorting system Anl-2.
  • the first sorting system Anl-1 carries out for each item to be transported the steps of generating a digital image of the item, measuring for each item the value of this item for that item, a value for the transport attribute of the item ( Delivery address of the mail item) is measured and in a central database DB, a data record for the object is generated. This data record includes the transport attribute value and the measured characteristic values.
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 carries out the steps for each object to again generate a digital image of the object, to re-measure for each feature what value this feature assumes, and to use these feature values to determine the data set stored in the database DB.
  • the transport attribute value (delivery address) in this record is used as the transport attribute value of the article, and the article is discharged into an output tray of the second sorting system Anl-2.
  • DE 10 2008 017 185 A1 the case is described that individual mail items are to be provided with a respective delivery note after the mail items have passed through the first sorting system Anl-1.
  • a printer 3 of the second sorting system Anl-2 prints a mail item or a label in accordance with a set of print commands.
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 provides a postal item z. B. with a new delivery address.
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 calculates the value of the first feature before the mailpiece has reached the printer 3. This first feature value is used to search for the record for the mailpiece.
  • a method and apparatus for identifying a mail item while transporting that item of mail to a predetermined destination address is described.
  • characteristic image features of the mailpiece (“feature value vector”, "signature") are determined and stored.
  • at least one piece of information about the mailpiece is determined and stored together with the feature value vector in a data record.
  • This information is for. B. the deciphered destination address, the weight, the rigidity and dimensions of the mail as well as information on a franking mark on the mailpiece.
  • an identification code is applied to the mailpiece and stored in the data record. The variation possibilities of this identification code are so small that the identification code alone is not able to distinguish the mail item from all other mailpieces. For example, there are 16 or 25 different possible identification codes.
  • the stored information in particular the destination address or a physical attribute of the mailpiece, is needed again. This information is needed in particular in a subsequent identification run.
  • a feature value vector ("signature") is again generated by the mailpiece.
  • the stored record for the item is searched for and determined. For this search, on the one hand, the feature value vector generated in the identification run is compared with stored feature value vectors.
  • the identification code on the mail piece is read and compared with stored identification codes. The data record is determined with matching identification codes and the most similar feature value vector.
  • a target image is transmitted in computer-available form.
  • This target image shows the surface of such a bulk mailer and is valid for every bulk mailing of a given set of mass mailings.
  • the bulk mailings are to be transported to different delivery addresses, and each bulk mailing is provided with the respective delivery address in advance or in the course of transportation. Therefore, an actual image of a particular mass broadcast does not match the transmitted target image.
  • an image evaluation unit calculates the address block from the actual image and compares the thus computationally modified actual image with the transmitted desired image.
  • WO 2008/152277 A2 and US 2010/0232642 A1 Also described are a method and a device in which a Mailing twice through a sorting system.
  • a feature value vector ("signature black" - "digital signature") of the mailpiece is generated, for which purpose a computer-accessible image is generated and evaluated by the mailpiece.
  • This feature value vector is stored as part of a data record in a central data memory.
  • a feature value vector is again generated by the mail item, and the feature data vector is used to search for the stored data record.
  • similar mass mailings can only be distinguished from one another on the basis of different address blocks. Therefore, a distinction is made between global features and local features.
  • first global feature values are compared in order to quickly exclude very dissimilar stored feature value vectors, and then only local feature values.
  • the stored feature value vectors are automatically subdivided into classes. During the subsequent sorting run, it is first determined to which class the feature value vector to be examined belongs, and then the most similar feature value vector is searched within these classes. This makes it possible to eliminate the influence of different light conditions in the first and second sorting, which could otherwise lead to false results.
  • a method and apparatus for processing mail is described.
  • a digital image is generated.
  • This image shows the delivery address on the mailpiece.
  • the image is assigned an "identifier", for which the image is evaluated.
  • This "identifier” is a signature for the mailpiece and consists of a feature value vector which on the one hand consists of physical feature values of the mailpiece (first component PC) and on the other hand of feature values which are determined by image processing (OCR) from the image (second component SC ).
  • OCR image processing
  • To the Feature values of the second component SC include z.
  • each mail item can be uniquely identified by means of this signature, if this mail item successively passes through several sorting systems, even if several mail items are to be transported to the same delivery address.
  • a method for transporting an article wherein the article passes through a sorting plant twice. It is determined whether transport errors occur, for. For example, if the item was transported to a wrong destination and misdirected. Each pass generates a record for the item. This record includes a reading result, e.g. B. the determined delivery address, as well as an image of the subject. The following steps are performed for a misdirected object: The correct delivery address is determined. All data records generated in the first pass with this delivery address are determined. It checks which images include this data set. This makes it possible to differentiate between different transport errors.
  • EP 1131793 B1 and DE 69931388 T2 For example, a method and apparatus are described for making and subsequently checking postage indicia.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which allows the object between physically altering the two decision-making processes and still finding the record for that item in the further decision-making process, without having to provide the item with a decipherable identification code.
  • At least one object is transported to a predetermined destination. It is possible that several objects are transported to a given destination point.
  • At least one optically detectable feature preferably a plurality of features, and at least one transport attribute are specified.
  • the transporting comprises, for each item to be transported, a first decision process and at least one further decision process. It is possible that after the first decision process several more decision processes are carried out in succession.
  • the surface of the article is provided with an optically detectable element.
  • This step affects the value of at least one measured feature in the sense that the optically detectable element in the another image can be seen, but not in the first image, and therefore the image of the object with the optically detectable element leads to a different value of this feature than the image of the object without the optically detectable element.
  • the position setting and pattern together act as a template for the process of providing the article with the optically detectable element.
  • the element is z. B. applied directly to the object or sprayed or etched. Or on a previously empty label, the optically detectable element is printed, and the label is glued to the object at the predetermined position.
  • the default pattern is used to print the label.
  • This mathematically modified feature value can be equal to the actually measured feature value, namely if the application of the optically detectable element does not change the value of this feature, ie. H. the feature is not affected.
  • the mathematically modified feature value can also be a value that deviates from the actually measured feature value because the application of the element influences the feature.
  • the article to be transported is measured without the optically detectable element in the first decision process. Only then is the optically detectable element applied.
  • This order is z. B. predetermined by the arrangement of measuring devices and a printer and / or by the processing during transport of the object.
  • the effect of this element on the optically detectable features is computationally supplemented in the feature value vectors to be stored.
  • the article is measured with the optically detectable element.
  • the feature value vector obtained during retiming is compared with the computationally changed feature value vector from the first measurement.
  • Measuring the transport attribute requires effort and / or time, especially if the measurement requires human input. Therefore, it makes sense to measure the value of this transport attribute only once for each item.
  • the at least one transport attribute value is repeatedly needed during transport to decide between different alternatives for the continuation of the transport.
  • the destination address to which the item is to be transported is an example of such a transport attribute value that is repeatedly required to decide how to continue the transport of the item.
  • the weight, dimension or finish of the article are further examples of transport attributes.
  • the measured value must be stored and determined whenever the value is needed again. This requires finding the stored transport attribute value among several stored transport attribute values. For this purpose, the item is re-identified in each decision process.
  • the solution according to the invention avoids the necessity of having to provide the item with an identifier ("ID tag") in order to be able to identify it and to be able to determine the transport attribute value.
  • ID tag an identifier
  • a feature value preferably a vector with multiple feature values, is used. At least one feature is measured by capturing and evaluating an image of the object.
  • the solution according to the invention eliminates the need to apply an identifier to the article during transport and decipher it later.
  • the optically detectable element need not be machine decipherable and may also be a pictogram, a logo or a string.
  • the invention solves the problem resulting from the article being provided with an optically detectable element between the first measurement and the second measurement.
  • the application of this optically detectable element results in the feature or feature having a different value after application than before application. Despite this change, the object should be based on the feature value vector be identified.
  • the invention shows a way to do this.
  • the feature values measured during the first measurement are mathematically modified in such a way that those values are obtained which the respective feature would assume if the optically detectable element already existed on the object before the first measurement. Therefore, the optically detectable element can be used to distinguish this object from other transported objects and to find the correct record in the central data memory.
  • This effect also occurs when the optically detectable element can not be decoded by machine or is not deciphered. In particular, this effect distinguishes the invention of a procedure in which the optically detectable element is simply "hidden".
  • the optically detectable element is "calculated" into the computer-accessible image of the object, and the feature values are generated by evaluating this supplemented image.
  • the effect of the optically detectable element in the feature values is "calculated".
  • each item is already provided with information on a destination before the first decision process.
  • the object is to be transported to this destination.
  • the destination information acts as a transport attribute.
  • transport attributes which can be measured with such great effort that the identification of the object and the determination of the data set are faster than the re-measurement of the transport attribute.
  • the object is provided with information about the destination after the first decision process and before the further decision process.
  • These destination information acts as the optically detectable element.
  • a list with destination information is specified.
  • As a transport attribute z. As weight, dimensions and / or logos and other graphical and / or textual elements on the surface of the article.
  • This embodiment can be used in particular to transport a lot of similar objects to different destinations, z. B. many copies of a copy of a magazine to different addressees.
  • a sender delivers the copies without delivery addresses and also a computer-accessible list with the delivery addresses of the recipients of these bulk mailings.
  • a transport service provider provides the items with the delivery addresses during transport and after the first measurement so that a delivery person can correctly deliver the items.
  • both the first image and each additional image of the article are generated while illuminating the article with light in the visible region.
  • the same defined and reproducible environmental condition is established for each illumination of the object, e.g. B. a darkened room and a lighting with white light.
  • the invention can be z. B. for the transport of mail, baggage items of travelers, containers or other items of freight or for workpieces in a manufacturing plant.
  • the method according to the solution is used to control the transport of mailpieces (letters, large letters, postcards, catalogs, parcels, etc.).
  • Each item of mail is provided with a respective identification of the destination at which this item of mail is to be transported.
  • This destination is a postal address or other location of the earth's surface, e.g. B. Geo coordinates.
  • the item of mail is provided with a destination marking only in the course of transporting.
  • a print shop supplies many similar copies of a mass mailing without specifying the destination and also provides a computer-accessible list of the destinations to which these bulk mailings are to be delivered.
  • each mail item by means of suitable means of transport, for. B. by means of containers, in suitable vehicles on rail, road and / or transported by air.
  • each mail item first passes through an alignment device and then at least twice a sorting system.
  • the alignment device aligns each mailpiece and orients it.
  • the text box with the destination address of each mail item points to the same page and so that the characters are upright, not upside down.
  • the franking mark also points to this page.
  • Each mail item is oriented so that the franking mark is located near the leading edge, as seen in the transport direction. The later mentioned printhead is also on this page.
  • the sorting system of the first pass is responsible for the location at which the mailpiece was delivered.
  • the sorting system of the second pass is responsible for the destination of the mailing. Of course, this destination point is determined only on the first pass by the first sorting system deciphering the destination point information on the mailpiece or evaluating the computer-accessible list. If the same sorting system is responsible for the place of delivery and for the destination point, then the mail item passes through the same sorting system twice, but is configured differently during the second pass than during the first pass.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates this arrangement.
  • the three mail items Ps-1, Ps-2, Ps-3 first pass through the first sorting system Anl-1 and then through the second sorting system Anl-2.
  • the first sorting system Anl-1 points
  • Each mail item Ps-1, Ps-2, Ps-3 is fed by means of the feeder ZE-1 of the first sorting system Anl-1 and passes through this first sorting system Anl-1 in the first pass.
  • the first sorting system Anl-1 discharges each mail item into a sorting output Aus-1.2, Aus-1.2, ....
  • the first sorting system Anl-1 makes a first decision process for each mail item in order to automatically decide in which sorting output Aus-1.2, Aus-1.2,... This mail item is rejected.
  • the mail items from a sorting output are transported to the same second sorting system Anl-2 and pass through this second sorting system Anl-2 in a second sorting pass. Which sorting system is this second sorting system can vary from mailing to mailing.
  • Each mail item is fed by means of the feeder ZE-2 of the second sorting system Anl-2 and passes through this second sorting system Anl-2 in the second pass.
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 discharges each mail item into a sorting output Aus-2.1, Aus-2.2, ....
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 meets for each mail item in each case a further decision process in order to automatically decide in which sorting output Aus-2.2, Aus-2.2, ... this mail item is discharged during the second pass.
  • OCR optical character recognition
  • the OCR unit has a read access to an address database with identifications of valid destination points, e.g. B. Identification of all postal addresses of a country.
  • the OCR unit resolves ambiguity in deciphering as well as address information errors by matching the deciphering result with the address database.
  • the OCR unit fails to decipher the destination designation automatically, the image is transmitted to a video coding station and displayed on a video display device of this video coding station.
  • An editor reads the destination mark on the display device and enters at least a portion of the read destination mark into an input device, e.g. For example, the postal code or the "ZIP Code".
  • a data record for the mailpiece is generated and stored in a central database or other central data memory.
  • the first sorting system Anl-1 triggers this process.
  • the item of mail is registered in the central database.
  • Each sorting system through which the mailpiece runs has read access to this central database.
  • each data processing system DVA-1, DVA-2 of the sorting systems Anl-1, Anl-2 is connected to the central database DB as the central data store.
  • the data processing system DVA-1 of the first sorting system Anl-1 generates in each case a data record for each mail item Ps-1, Ps-2, Ps-3.
  • the data processing system DVA-2 of the second sorting system Anl-2 determined by a read access the respective data record for a continuous mail item, which is stored in the central database DB.
  • This record includes a unique identifier ("ID") for the mailpiece and an encoding of the deciphered destination tag.
  • the data record additionally includes the computer-accessible image of the mailpiece.
  • the destination marking of a mail item acts as a transport attribute, the value of which depends on the further transport of the item of mail and whose measuring is time-consuming.
  • the values of further transport attributes are measured on the first pass. For example, it is determined which value the franking mark (stamp, postage meter, matrix code, or the like) has on the mailpiece.
  • a mail piece that is sufficiently franked should be transported to the specified destination address.
  • a postal item that is not sufficiently franked should be removed from ordinary processing and subjected to special treatment. This rejection can also be carried out only on the second pass through a sorting system.
  • the mail piece is weighed and / or the dimensions of the mail piece are measured.
  • the weight or a measurement is z. B. required to spend the mail in a suitable means of transport and / or transport to a suitable further sorting system and to make a proper choice or the weight and dimensions are also used to pay the actually paid transport fee with a target Compare transport fee.
  • the sorting systems used only one of the sorting systems used has a color camera or a scale.
  • the colored computer-accessible image or the measured weight should be available to all sorting systems.
  • Codings of these further measured transport attribute values are also stored as part of the data record for the mail item in the central database.
  • a plurality of similar bulk shipments are supplied without destination information and a list of destination markings is transmitted to the transporter.
  • a list of destination markings is transmitted to the transporter.
  • an image of such a mass transmission is generated and used for all similar mass transmissions.
  • Such a procedure is over DE 10 2007 038 186 B4 known.
  • the OCR unit OCR evaluates this image Abb-x1 to decipher the destination address Add-x.
  • An encoding of the deciphered Destination address Add-x is stored as part of the data record for the mail item Ps-x in the central data memory DB.
  • the balance Waa weighs the mail item Ps-x and thereby determines the weight Gew-x of the mail item Ps-x.
  • the postage indicium evaluation unit Fm-AE determines which fare has been paid for the transport of the mail item Ps-x.
  • the franking mark evaluation unit Fm-AE evaluates the franking mark Fm-x, which the image Abb-x1 shows. If necessary, the franking mark evaluation unit Fm-AE compares this determination result with the measured weight and / or the measured dimensions of the mail item Ps-x.
  • the mail item Ps-x should not be printed with an identifier for the mail item itself nor with a coding of a transport attribute value.
  • no sorting code is to be printed on the mailpiece. This saves printer liquid and labels as well as a bar code reader, and avoids sometimes undesirable changes to the mail item.
  • the step is saved to search for a printable area for printing a bar pattern.
  • a computer-accessible grid is laid over the computer-accessible image of the surface.
  • Each distribution of color values and each distribution of gray values in a rectangle formed by this grid is a unique feature.
  • a feature value vector is obtained.
  • this vector usually comprises n feature values.
  • the data record for the mail item Ps-x which is stored in the central database DB, comprises the feature value vector which was obtained on the first pass of the mail item Ps-x. This feature value vector is hereinafter referred to as "registration feature value vector”.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the steps that performs the evaluation unit AE-1 in the evaluation of the image.
  • the computer-accessible image Abb-x1 is transmitted on the one hand to the OCR unit and on the other hand to the evaluation unit AE-1 of the first sorting system Anl-1.
  • the evaluation unit AE-1 evaluates the Image Abb-x1 and generates the registration feature value vector RMV-x for the mail item Ps-x.
  • the evaluation unit AE-1 also determines the position of the franking mark Fm-x on the mail item Ps-x.
  • the evaluation unit AE-1 transmits a corresponding message to the control unit SE.
  • This message includes in computer-available form a plurality of position information Pos-x, which describe the dimensions of the mail piece Ps-x and the position of the franking mark Fm-x on the surface of the mail item Ps-x.
  • the position information Pos-x also describe the position of the marking of the destination address Add-x on the surface and a desired position for a still to be generated advertising print W-x to the left of the franking mark Fm-x.
  • the control unit SE controls the validator Ent, the printer Dr and, if necessary, the labeller Lab.
  • the validator Ent invalidates the franking mark Fm-x with a stamp imprint St-x.
  • the printer prints an advertising print W-x on the mail item Ps-x.
  • the control unit SE generates corresponding control commands and uses the position information Pos-x. For example, a desired position of each imprint with respect to the front edge and the top edge of the mail item Ps-x is calculated, for which purpose a computer-accessible general specification as well as the actual position of the franking mark Fm-x are used.
  • the target position z Example, the respective distance of each imprint of the upper edge and the leading edge of the mail item Ps-x firmly.
  • the sample database Mu-DB each delivers a computer-accessible print template for the stamp print St-x and the advertising print W-x.
  • a light barrier arrangement measures the position of the leading edge and the top edge of a mailpiece.
  • the control device SE generates the control commands so that the imprint is printed on the position relative to the leading edge and the upper edge, which is predetermined by the desired position.
  • the mail item Ps-x is to be sent to a different destination address Add-x-new than to the original destination address Add-x, in which case the printer Dr additionally prints a label of the new address Add-x New on the mail item Ps-x If a direct printing on the mail item Ps-x is not possible, the Lab labeller produces a label with a label of Add-x-new and brings the printed label on the Mailing Ps-x on.
  • a sorting system Anl-2 During each further passage of the mail item Ps-x through a sorting system Anl-2, a computer-accessible image of the mail item is again generated and evaluated. The evaluation again measures for each optically detectable feature which value this feature assumes for the mailpiece.
  • This feature value vector with also n feature values is used to identify the record for the Posson in the central data memory DB and thus the mail item, and is therefore referred to as "identification feature value vector".
  • the second sorting system Anl-2 does not use an OCR unit in order to automatically decide on the further transport of the mailing during the further decision process.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the passage of the mail piece Ps-x through the second sorting system Anl-2.
  • a camera Ka-2 of the second sorting installation Anl-2 generates another computer-accessible image Abb-x2 from the surface of the mail item Psx.
  • An evaluation unit AE-2 of the second sorting system Anl-2 evaluates this image Abb-x2 and generates an identification feature value vector IMV-x for the mail item Ps-x.
  • the identification feature value vector IMV-x is compared with registration feature value vectors stored in the central database DB.
  • a method is preferably used to restrict the search space among the data records in the central database DB. Such methods are for. B. off EP 1222037 B1 . DE 10 2008 017191 A1 and DE 10 2008 017190 A1 known.
  • the search space constraint significantly reduces the amount of stored registration feature value vectors with which an identification feature value vector IMV-x is compared.
  • the identification feature value vector IMV-x In the comparison between the identification feature value vector IMV-x and a stored registration feature value vector RMV-y, it is preferable to calculate a match measure between these two feature value vectors IMV-x and RMV-y.
  • the stored registration feature value vector having the largest coincidence with the identification feature value vector IMV-x from the mail item Ps-x is used as the registration feature value vector RMV-x of this mail item Ps-x.
  • the data record to which the found registration feature value vector RMV-x belongs with the largest match measure is determined.
  • This data set comprises the destination point identification of the mail item Ps-x and, in one embodiment, further transport attribute values which were measured during the first pass. These transport attribute values are used to carry out the further decision process on how to forward the mail item Ps-x.
  • Each sorting system has multiple sorting outlets, e.g. B. sorting compartments.
  • sorting outputs Aus-1.1, Aus-1.2, ..., Aus-2.1, Aus-2.2, ... of the two sorting systems Anl-1, Anl-2 are illustrated.
  • Each sorting system Anl-1, Anl-2 respectively evaluates a computer-available sorting plan, which assigns each possible or actually occurring destination marking in each case to a sorting output of the sorting system used.
  • the sorting system discharges each item of mail according to this sorting plan into that sorting output which is associated with the destination item identification on the item of mail.
  • the sorter uses the destination point identifier of the determined record to select a sort exit.
  • a copy of a previously unaddressed mass mailing is provided in one embodiment after the first measurement with a destination marking.
  • This destination mark is taken from a computer-accessible list of destination markings that the sender has transmitted to the carrier.
  • this destination point identifier is compared to entries in a forwarding file or a forwarding data store.
  • entries are registered about address changes of recipients of mail, z. Due to resend requests from recipients because a recipient has rented a mailbox or parcel compartment, or because a company has renamed, moved or has been disbanded.
  • the previous destination item identifier is replaced by a new one, e.g. As an identification of the new address of the recipient or the sender address. Either the new address is printed directly on the mail piece or a label with the new address is printed on the mail piece.
  • a label in particular required when the mailpiece is wrapped in a clear plastic film and this film stick to, but can not print. Examples of such methods are out US 5,703,783 and from EP 1656217 B1 known.
  • Each optically detectable element is printed according to the computer-available pattern Mu-x by a printer Dr or a Lab labeller at the point on the mail item Ps-x, which is defined by the position-fixing Pos-x.
  • a light barrier preferably detects when a front edge or front surface of the mail item Ps-x has reached a specific position when passing through the sorting system.
  • the transport speed with which the mail item is transported is measured.
  • the control unit SE controls the printer Dr or the labeller Lab depending on signals of the light barrier and the transport speed and transmits the pattern Mu-x and the position-fixing Pos-x to the printer.
  • the printer Dr is designed as a wide-area printer, so that the printer Dr can print elements at different heights on a surface of the vertical mail piece.
  • the mail item has the optically detectable element.
  • Each further computer-accessible image of the mailpiece therefore shows the optically detectable element. Therefore, the effect of the optically detectable element on the feature value vectors of the mail item is taken into account. There are several possible configurations for this.
  • a supplemented computer-accessible image is calculated from the first image of the mail item Ps-x.
  • An image of the optically detectable element is computationally mounted in the first image.
  • the computer-available pattern as well as the position fixing are used.
  • a magnification is also taken into account. This magnification is part of the artwork and takes into account the possibility that the given pattern is a factor smaller or larger than the actual imprint.
  • both the first image Abb-x1 of the mail item Ps-x and the computer-available pattern Mu-x for the optically detectable element are each composed of many pixels ("pixels"). Each pixel is assigned an encoding of a color value in each case.
  • a resulting color value is calculated from the color value of a pixel of the first image Abb-x1 and from the color value of the corresponding pixel of the pattern Mu-x and used as the color value of the pixel of the supplemented image Abb-x1-erg.
  • the pattern is thus calculated pixel by pixel in the first image.
  • the registration feature value vector RMV-x is calculated by evaluating the thus supplemented image and determining for each optically detectable feature what value the supplemented image for that feature assumes. The n feature values are calculated in the same way as for the other image.
  • the first evaluation unit AE-1 generates the registration feature value vector RMV-x by the first evaluation unit AE-1 evaluates the supplemented image Abb-x1-erg and not the first image Abb-x1.
  • an output feature value vector is generated from the first image of the mail item Ps-x. Because the first image Abb-x1 does not show the optically detectable element, the output feature value vector does not take into account the effect of this optically detectable element.
  • a supplemented feature value vector is then calculated from the output feature value vector and used as registration feature value vector RMV-x. This supplemented feature value vector contains for each feature the value that the feature for the mail item Ps-x will assume after the application of each optically detectable item Pos-x. In order to calculate this supplemented feature value vector, the position fix Pos-x and the element pattern Mu-x are used.
  • the value of the feature for the mailpiece having the optically detectable element is equal to the sum of the feature value excluding the optically detectable element plus a value that the feature assumes when the optically detectable element is applied to a neutral mailpiece at the same location would be, for. B. on a completely white mail piece. This neutral mailpiece acts as a reference item. This additivity of the two feature values is especially true if the feature is a color value or gray value distribution.
  • that region of the surface of the mail item in which the optically detectable element is located is made up of the registration and the identification the mailing hidden ("blind spot").
  • a determination of a region of the surface is predetermined or determined, which completely covers the optically detectable element, so that the optically detectable element is completely within the predetermined range.
  • This area is z.
  • the range setting is derived from the position setting and the element pattern. The area setting defines the position and dimensions, and preferably a color, e.g. B. white, fixed.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates how two reduced images are calculated using a "blind spot" bF.
  • the first evaluation unit AE-1 calculates a first reduced image Abb-x1-red from the first image Abb-x1 of the mail item Ps-x, generated by the first camera Ka-1, and calculates the registration feature value vector RMV-x for the mail item Ps-x from this first reduced image Abb-x1-red.
  • the second evaluation unit AE-2 calculates a second reduced image Abb-x2-red from the second image Abb-x2 of the mail item Ps-x, generated by the second camera Ka-2, and calculates the identification feature value vector IMV-x for the mail item Ps-x from this second reduced image Abb-x2-red.
  • the contour of the mail item Ps-x - seen from the direction from which the images are made by the mail item Ps-x - mirror-symmetrical about at least one axis, z. B. is a rectangular contour.
  • the overlapping region is preferably also symmetrical about this axis of symmetry.
  • the area consists of four rectangles, which are arranged symmetrically in the four corners of a rectangular mail piece.
  • this area is computationally mounted in each image Abb-x1, Fig-x2 of the mail item Ps-x, in such a way that the area is calculated at the predetermined position in the image into it.
  • This area completely covers the image of the optical element.
  • Each feature value vector is taken from the image in which the area is the Image covered by the optically detectable element, calculated.
  • the optically detectable element is mathematically removed from the images.
  • an initial feature value vector is first calculated from the respective image of the mail item Ps-x.
  • the first image of the mailpiece shows the surface of the mailpiece without the optically detectable element, each additional image additionally this optically detectable element.
  • the output feature value vector is computationally changed. For this purpose, it is calculated for each optically detectable feature what value this feature would assume for the mail item if the surface of the mail item had the area instead of the optically detectable element.
  • the modified feature value vector is used as a registration feature value vector or as an identification feature value vector.
  • Abb-x1-erg supplemented computer-accessible image of the mail item Ps-x is calculated from the first image Abb-x1 and the position information Pos-x and the pattern Mu-x Abb-x1-red reduced first image of the mail item Psx, is calculated from the first image Abb-x1 by means of the "blind spot" bF Abb-x2-red reduced second image of the mail item Psx, is calculated from the second image Abb-x2 by means of the "blind spot" bF Abb-x1 computer-accessible image of the mail item Ps-x, generated by the camera Ka-1 on the first pass Abb-x2 computer-accessible image of the mail item Ps-x, generated by the camera Ka-2 on the second pass Add-x Destination address of the mail item Ps-x Add-X new new destination address of the mail item Ps-x AE-1 Evaluation unit of the first sorting system Anl-1 AE-2 Evaluation unit of the second sorting system An
  • Anl-1 DVA-1 first data processing system belongs to the first sorting plant
  • Anl-1 DVA-2 first data processing system belongs to the first sorting plant
  • Anl-2 rennet Labeler of the first sorting plant Anl-1 Mu-DB Sample database with computer-accessible print templates Mu

Landscapes

  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de transport d'un objet (Ps-x) vers un point de destination,
    au moins une caractéristique détectable optiquement et au moins un attribut de transport étant spécifiés,
    le transport comprenant une première opération de décision et au moins une autre opération de décision suivante concernant la poursuite respective du transport,
    la première opération de décision comprenant les étapes exécutées automatiquement qui consistent en ce que :
    - une première reproduction (Abb-x1) de l'objet (Ps-x), laquelle est disponible sur ordinateur, est générée ;
    - il est tout d'abord mesuré, pour chaque caractéristique, quelle valeur cette caractéristique prend pour l'objet (Ps-x), ce pour quoi l'au moins une première reproduction (Abb-x1) de l'objet est évaluée ;
    - il est mesuré, pour chaque attribut de transport, quelle valeur (Add-x) prend cet attribut de transport pour l'objet (Ps-x) ;
    - un jeu de données est généré pour l'objet (Ps-x) et est sauvegardé dans une mémoire de données (DB), le jeu de données comprenant un vecteur (RMV-x) avec les valeurs mesurées des caractéristiques et l'au moins une valeur mesurée d'attribut de transport (Add-x) et
    - la première opération de décision étant prise en fonction de l'au moins une valeur mesurée d'attribut de transport (Add-x),
    le transport de l'objet (Ps-x) se poursuivant en fonction du résultat de la première opération de décision,
    l'autre opération de décision comprenant les étapes exécutées automatiquement qui consistent en ce que :
    - une autre reproduction (Abb-x2) de l'objet (Ps-x), laquelle est disponible sur ordinateur, est générée ;
    - il est de nouveau mesuré, pour chaque caractéristique donnée, quelle valeur prend cette caractéristique pour l'objet, ce pour quoi l'autre reproduction (Abb-x2) de l'objet est évaluée ;
    - le jeu de données généré pour cet objet (Ps-x) et sauvegardé dans la mémoire de données (DB) est déterminé, ce pour quoi le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (IMV-x) mesuré lors de la nouvelle mesure est utilisé pour chercher le jeu de données dans la mémoire de données (DB) ;
    - l'au moins une valeur d'attribut de transport (Add-x) incluse dans le jeu de données déterminé est déterminée et
    - l'autre opération de décision est prise en fonction de l'au moins une valeur d'attribut de transport déterminée (Add-x), et
    le transport de l'objet (Ps-x) se poursuivant en fonction du résultat de l'autre opération de décision,
    la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) étant, après la première mesure et avant la nouvelle mesure, dotée d'au moins un élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x),
    caractérisé en ce que
    sont utilisés, pour l'étape consistant à doter la surface de l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x), une détermination, donnée et disponible sur ordinateur, de la position de l'élément (St-x, W-x) sur la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) et
    un modèle (Mu-x), donné et disponible sur ordinateur, de l'élément (St-x, W-x),
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x), généré lors de la première opération de décision et sauvegardé comme partie du jeu de données, est généré de telle sorte que ce vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) contient, pour chaque caractéristique, la valeur que prendrait la caractéristique pour l'objet (Ps-x) si la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) avait déjà été dotée de l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) lors de la première mesure,
    la détermination de position et le modèle d'élément étant utilisés pour l'étape consistant à générer ce vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x), et l'au moins une autre reproduction (Abb-x2), qui est évaluée pour la nouvelle mesure, est générée par l'objet (Ps-x) pourvu de l'élément (St-x, W-x).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à générer le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) à sauvegarder dans la mémoire de données (DB) comprend les étapes consistant en ce que :
    - la première reproduction (Abb-x1) de l'objet (Ps-x) disponible sur ordinateur est générée sans l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) ;
    - une reproduction complétée (Abb-x1-erg) de l'objet (Ps-x) est calculée, laquelle montre l'aspect de l'objet (Ps-x) après que la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) a été dotée de l'élément (St-x, W-x) ;
    ce pour quoi la première reproduction (Abb-x1) disponible sur ordinateur est utilisée, et
    - le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) est généré par évaluation de la reproduction complétée (Abb-x1-erg).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que sont utilisées, pour au moins l'une des deux étapes consistant à
    - générer la reproduction complétée (Abb-x1-erg) ou
    - générer le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) par évaluation de la reproduction complétée (Abb-x1-erg),
    les informations suivantes :
    - la détermination de position et/ou
    - le modèle d'élément (Mu-x).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'étape consistant à générer le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) à sauvegarder dans la mémoire de données (DB) comprend les étapes consistant en ce que :
    - la première reproduction (Abb-x1) de l'objet (Ps-x) disponible sur ordinateur est générée sans l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) ;
    - un vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques de sortie est généré par évaluation de cette première reproduction (Abb-x1) et
    - un vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques complété est calculé de telle sorte que le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques complété contient, pour chaque caractéristique, la valeur que la caractéristique prendra pour l'objet (Ps-x) après que la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) aura été dotée de l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x),
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques complété étant calculé moyennant l'utilisation du vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques de sortie.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que sont utilisés, pour l'étape consistant à calculer le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques complété,
    - le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques de sortie,
    - la détermination de position et
    - le modèle d'élément.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour au moins une caractéristique, la valeur de l'objet comportant l'élément détectable optiquement est la somme
    - de la valeur de l'objet (Ps-x) sans l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) et
    - de la valeur que prend un objet de référence lorsque l'objet de référence est doté de l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) moyennant l'utilisation de la détermination de position et du modèle d'élément.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que
    une détermination, disponible sur ordinateur, d'une zone d'élimination (bF) de la surface de l'objet (Ps-x) est spécifiée,
    l'élément détectable optiquement (St-x, W-x) se trouvant entièrement dans cette zone d'élimination (bF),
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) à sauvegarder dans le jeu de données étant généré de telle sorte que
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (RMV-x) sauvegardé contient, pour chaque caractéristique, la valeur
    que prendrait la caractéristique si la zone d'élimination (bF) avait été retirée de la surface,
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (IMV-x) obtenu lors de la nouvelle mesure étant modifié de telle sorte que le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques modifié (IMV-x) contient, pour chaque caractéristique, la valeur que la caractéristique prendrait si la zone d'élimination (bF) avait été retirée de la surface, et le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques modifié étant utilisé lors de la détermination du jeu de données.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que non seulement la première reproduction (Abb-x1), mais aussi l'autre reproduction (Abb-x2) de l'objet (Ps-x) sont générées de telle sorte que les deux reproductions (Abb-x1, Abb-x2) montrent la surface respective avec la zone d'élimination (bF),
    à partir de la première reproduction (Abb-x1) est générée une première reproduction d'élimination (Abb-x1-red) qui montre la surface sans la zone d'élimination (bF),
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques à sauvegarder (RMV-x) est généré par évaluation de la première reproduction d'élimination (Abb-x1-red),
    à partir de l'autre reproduction (Abb-x2) est générée une autre reproduction d'élimination (Abb-x2-red) qui montre la surface sans la zone d'élimination (bF) et
    le vecteur de valeurs de caractéristiques (IMV-x) mesuré lors de la nouvelle mesure est généré par évaluation de l'autre reproduction d'élimination (Abb-x2-red).
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