EP2345779B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Öffnung in einem Fußboden - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Öffnung in einem Fußboden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2345779B1
EP2345779B1 EP10014117.5A EP10014117A EP2345779B1 EP 2345779 B1 EP2345779 B1 EP 2345779B1 EP 10014117 A EP10014117 A EP 10014117A EP 2345779 B1 EP2345779 B1 EP 2345779B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loadbearing
opening
slab
slabs
adjacent
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Not-in-force
Application number
EP10014117.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2345779A1 (de
Inventor
Arvu Mägi
Andrei Uibukant
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Amhold AS
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Amhold AS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging

Definitions

  • the invention belongs in the construction field, treating more specifically a method for making an opening with a substantial size into a floor.
  • a known solution also provides a method ( RU2197585 , Kuban State University of Agriculture, published on 10.08.2002), in which a reconstructed building has short grooves cut into covering plates under hollows, and pulling anchors are installed into the grooves.
  • the plates are fixed to walls by means of angle irons and bolt connections. This method does not allow making large openings.
  • a well-known solution is also the structural solution ( JP9078745 , Yoshino Gypsum Co, published on 25.03.1997) for reinforcing an opening in a floor, which is technically closest to the presented invention.
  • the structure of the opening in a floor is reinforced, using a reinforcement element that contains a hollow that holds the edge of the opening in the floor, and the reinforcement element is installed to the edge of the opening.
  • the reinforcement element includes a support part that reaches out into the opening in the floor and supports the opening.
  • the structure includes a connection element for the connection with a cross-beam, locating between the cross-beam and the reinforcement element, while the base of the connection element is installed in the void of the cross-beam.
  • the connection beam is fixed, using a tensioner.
  • the opening Before making an opening in the floor with the purpose of maintaining the existing load situation and 100% of the rated loadbearing capacity, the opening is created so that the load that acts on the preserved floor section is transferred to the supporting surface of the loadbearing structure (loadbearing wall or beam) of the removed section of the floor, using a special loadbearing framework from profiled steel, connected to the preserved floor section through pulling anchors.
  • the dimensions of the opening are marked on the floor slab, and the slab is supported with temporary supports. This is followed by cutting the opening into the slab, the sides of slabs adjacent to the opening are cleaned and primed. Loadbearing beams are installed to the sides of the adjacent slabs.
  • the hollows in the preserved slab sections are cleaned and primed, and pulling anchors are installed in the hollows.
  • On the edge of preserved slab sections a slab with the width of the opening is installed, while connection elements are mounted to the corners of the slab and the adjacent loadbearing beams, beams are mutually connected from the corners, another beam is mounted between the ends of adjacent loadbearing beams and is connected to the loadbearing beams. This generates a loadbearing framework, which is connected to the preserved slab section by means of pulling anchors.
  • Figures 1 to 3 present the floor structure that is obtained with the execution of the presented method.
  • the sides 7 of slabs 6 adjacent to opening 2 are cleaned from dust and infirmly fixed parts and are primed with bonding agent 8. Then steel loadbearing box beams 9 are installed to the sides 7.
  • the length of loadbearing beam 9 is selected so that it would reach to the support surface 4 of slabs 1 in loadbearing structure 5 and exceed the length of opening 2 by the double width of loadbearing beam 9.
  • the opening 2 is cut along the adjacent slabs 6 at the length of the width of loadbearing beam 9, vertical openings between the reserved panel sections 12 and the adjacent panels 6 of opening 2, and loadbearing beam 9 is installed symmetrically with opening 2 on both sides of the opening.
  • the hollows 13 of preserved panel sections 12 are cleaned of dust, are primed with bonding agent 8, and plastic plugs 14 are installed in the hollows 13 of preserved panel sections 12.
  • pulling anchors 15 from threaded steel, which take the tensile stress, are installed in the hollows 13 of the preserved panel sections 12, while pulling anchors 15 include at the rear end a steel support 16, which holds the pulling anchor 15 in the horizontal position and anchors it.
  • Pulling anchors 15 are located in the hollows 13 of preserved panel sections 12 at the height of anchor diameter, and from the cut edge of slab 1 at the minimum distance of the 30-times diameter of the pulling anchor.
  • plastic plugs 14 are installed from the cut edge of slab 1 at the minimum distance of the 31-times diameter of the pulling anchor.
  • Pulling anchors protrude from the hollows of preserved slab sections by the minimum length of the 15-times diameter of the pulling anchor.
  • the quantity of pulling anchors 15, the strength and diameter of steel is selected so that the anchors would hold the tensile stresses occurring due to the bending moment of preserved slab sections 12 without substantial deformations in cases of maximum dead load and imposed load.
  • steel box beam 17 is installed, which contains holes 18 for pulling anchors 15 that protrude from hollows 13 of panel sections 12.
  • the diameter of hollows 18 is the 1.5-times diameter of the pulling anchor.
  • Steel elements 19 that transfer the traction force arising from the bending moment and steel elements 20 that transfer the compressive force are installed in the corners of steel box beam 17 and adjacent loadbearing beams 9 by welding.
  • the thickness of elements 19 and 20 is equal to the mean thickness of the side of beam 17, and the distance between elements 19 and 20 is at maximum the 5-times thickness of element 19.
  • Elements 19 and 20 have the equal thickness and similar shape.
  • Elements 19 and 20 are installed from bottom to top.
  • beam 17 and loadbearing beam 9 are mutually connected by welding in the corners along the cross-section.
  • Steel box beam 21 is installed on the supporting surface 4 of slabs 1 in the loadbearing structure 5 between the ends of loadbearing beams 9, connected to adjacent loadbearing beams 9 by welding along the cross-section, and for supplementary rigidity an extra support 22 from angle iron is connected by welding.
  • the resulting loadbearing framework from profiled steel is connected electrically with the equipotential bonding loop 23.
  • the internal side of steel box beam 21 that is facing the shaft is filled with dense insulation material 24 (e.g. mineral wool) to isolate the impacts of sound and fire.
  • dense insulation material 24 e.g. mineral wool
  • wedges 25 under the beam provide beam 21 with prestress, which in later casting and loading will ensure beam 21 with uniform pressure against supporting surface 4.
  • holes 18 are drilled also in the vertical wall of loadbearing beam 9 at the base level of the upper ring of adjacent loadbearing beam 9. Holes 18 are drilled in the centre of loadbearing beam 9 and longitudinally at the distance of 1/6 width of opening 2 from the ends of loadbearing beam 9. Then holes 26 are drilled by hollows 13 of preserved slab sections 12. The diameter of holes 26 is 1/2 of the diameter of hollows 13 and holes 26 are located at the ends of pulling anchors 15 at the distance of the double height of hollows 13. Then the hollows 13 of the preserved slab sections 12 and the gaps between beams 9, 21 and slab sections 12 and loadbearing structure 5 are filled with fine-grain soldering concrete 27 with expansion rate of up to 0.5%.
  • pins 28 and pressure nuts 29 are installed to the pulling anchors, tensioning the pulling anchors 15 by means of pressure nuts 29. Then the preserved slab sections 12 are released from the hog, temporary supports 3 are removed and the steel surfaces are covered with fire-proofing compound 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Öffnung in einem Fußboden, die aus dem Einbau einer bewehrten Struktur an einer Bodenplatte mit Öffnung, der Verbindung der Bodenplatten neben der Öffnung mittels lasttragenden Balken, und dem Einbau einer Spannvorrichtung besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren aus den folgenden Stufen besteht:
    - die Abmessungen der Öffnung (2) werden auf der Bodenplatte (1) vermerkt;
    - die Bodenplatte (1) wird von unten mit temporären Stützen (3) unterstützt, die die Bodenplatten (1) in horizontale Stellung bringen, so dass das flexible Nachlassen, das in den Bodenplatten (1) während des Gebrauchs entstanden ist, temporär beseitigt wird;
    - nach dem Einbau von temporären Stützen (3) werden die Bodenplatten (1) an der Breite der Öffnung (2) vertikal geschnitten;
    - die Bodenplatten (1) im Bereich der Öffnung (2) und die Abschnitte der Bodenplatten (1) bei deren Stützfläche (4) in der lasttragenden Struktur (5) werden geöffnet;
    - die Seiten (7) der Bodenplatten (6) neben der Öffnung werden gereinigt und grundiert;
    - lasttragende Balken (9) werden an die Seiten (7) der nebenliegenden Bodenplatten (6) eingebaut und für diese Installation wird erstens eine horizontale Aussparung entlang der oberen (10) und unteren Fläche (11) der nebenliegenden Bodenplatte (6) geschnitten, und danach vertikale Aussparungen entlang der Bodenplatten (6) neben der Öffnung (2) zwischen den erhalten gebliebenen Abschnitten (12) und den Bodenplatten (6) neben der Öffnung (2) geschnitten, und der lasttragende Balken (9) symmetrisch zur Öffnung (2) an beiden Seiten eingebaut;
    - die Löcher (13) in erhalten gebliebenen Abschnitten (12) der Bodenplatte werden gereinigt und grundiert;
    - ein Verschluss (14) und ein Zuganker (15), der die Zugspannung aufnimmt, werden an Höhlungen (13) zusammen mit der Stütze (16) eingebaut;
    - ein Balken (17) mit Löchern (18) wird am Rand der erhalten gebliebenen Tafelabschnitten (12) in der Breite der Öffnung (2) eingebaut;
    - in den Ecken des Balkens (17) und in nebenliegenden lasttragenden Balken (9) werden Elemente (19), die die Zugkräfte aus dem Biegemoment übertragen, und Elemente (20), die Druckkraft übertragen, eingebaut, der Balken (17) und der lasttragende Balken (9) werden gegenseitig in den Ecken entlang des Querprofils verbunden;
    - auf der Stützfläche (4) der Bodenplatten (1) in der lasttragenden Struktur (5) wird ein Balken (21) zwischen den Enden der nebenliegenden lasttragenden Balken (9) eingebaut, der mit den lasttragenden Balken (9) entlang des Querprofils an eine zusätzliche Unterstützung (22) verbunden wird, wodurch ein lasttragender Rahmen aus Profilstahl entsteht, der elektrisch mit einer Potenzialausgleichsschleife (23) verbunden wird;
    - die interne Seite des Balkens (21), die zur Öffnung gerichtet ist, wird mit Abdichtungsmaterial (24) gefüllt und im mittleren Abschnitt des Balkens (21) wird der Balken (21) mittels Keilen (25) unter dem Balken vorgespannt;
    - dem Einbau des lasttragenden Rahmens aus Profilstahl folgt die Bohrung von Löchern (18) ebenfalls in der vertikalen Wand des lasttragenden Balkens (9) auf der Grundebene des oberen Rings des lasttragenden Balkens (9), wonach Löcher (26) zu Höhlungen (13) der erhalten gebliebenen Bodenplattenabschnitten (12) gebohrt werden und die Aussparungen zwischen den erhalten gebliebenen Plattenabschnitten (12), Balken (9) und (21) und Balkenabschnitten (12) und der lasttragenden Struktur (5) mit Beton (27) gefüllt werden;
    - nach der Aushärtung des Betons (27) werden Stifte (28) und Druckmuttern (29) an Zugankern (15) eingebaut und die Zuganker (15) werden gespannt;
    - danach werden die Plattenabschnitte (12) von der Aufbuckelung gelöst, temporäre Stützen (3) entfernt und die Stahloberflächen mit Feuerschutzmischung (30) gedeckt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützen (3) an einem Abstand von bis zu dreimal der Höhe der Bodenplatten (1) von der Öffnung (2) eingebaut werden und in der Mitte der lasttragenden Öffnung der Bodenplatten (1) die Breite der Stützen (3) an beiden Seiten der Öffnung (2) größer ist als die Höhe der Platten (2).
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seiten (7) der nebenliegenden Platte (6) vom Staub und losen Partikeln gereinigt werden, und mit einem Haftmittel (8) grundiert werden.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die lasttragenden Balken (9) aus Kastenstahl gefertigt werden und die Länge der lasttragenden Balken (9) so gewählt wird, dass die Balken zur Stützfläche (4) der Platten in der lasttragenden Struktur (5) reichen und die Länge die Länge der Öffnung (2) um zwei Breiten des lasttragenden Balkens (9) überschreitet.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die horizontale Aussparung entlang der oberen (10) und unteren Fläche (11) auf der nebenstehenden Platte (6) geschnitten wird, die in der lasttragenden Struktur (5) einer Tiefe hat, die der Länge der Stützfläche (4) der nebenstehenden Platte (6) und der Breite des lasttragenden Balkens (9) entspricht, und vertikale Aussparungen entlang der nebenstehenden Platte (6) geschnitten werden, deren Länge der Breite des lasttragenden Balkens (9) entspricht.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Höhlungen (13) der erhalten gebliebenen Tafelabschnitten (12) nach Reinigung vom Staub mit Haftmittel (8) grundiert werden.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Verschluss (14) aus Kunststoff in den Höhlungen (13) eingebaut wird, der von der Schnittkante der Platte (1) einen minimalen Abstand von 31-fachern Durchmesser des Zugankers (15) hat.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zuganker (15) aus Gewindestahl hergestellt wird, am hinteren Ende des Zugankers (15) eine Stütze (16) ist; der Zuganker (15) in die Höhlung (13) der erhalten gebliebenen Platte (12) vom Boden gemessen auf der Höhe des Durchmessers des Zugankers (15) und an einem minimalen Abstand von 30-fache Durchmesser des Zugankers vom Schnittrand der Platte (1) eingebaut wird; der Zuganker (15) ragt aus der Höhlung des Balkenabschnitts (12) um mindestens das dreifache des Durchmessers des Zugankers (15) heraus.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Balken (17) aus Kastenstahl hergestellt wird und der Balken Löcher (18) zum Ziehen von Ankern (15) hat, die aus Höhlungen (13) von Plattenabschnitten (12) herausragen, wobei der Durchmesser der Löcher (18) eineinhalb des Durchmessers der Zuganker (15) ist.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (19) und (20) aus Stahl hergestellt sind und an die Ecken der Balken (17) und (19) durch Schweißen eingebaut werden, wobei die Dicke der Elemente (19) und (20) gleich der Durchschnittsdicke der Seite des Balkens (17) und der gegenseitige Abstand zwischen Elementen (19) und (20) bis die fünffache der Dicke des Elements (19) ist, wobei Elemente (19) und (20) gleiche Dicke und gleiche Form haben.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elemente (19) und (20) von oben nach unten eingebaut werden.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Balken (21) aus Kastenstahl hergestellt wird, die zusätzliche Stütze (22) ein Winkeleisen ist, der Balken (21) und die zusätzliche Stütze (22) werden durch Schweißen verbunden.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Löcher (18) in der Mitte des lasttragenden Balkens (9) gebohrt werden und in Längsrichtung einen Abstand von 1/6 der Breite der Öffnung (2) von den Enden des lasttragenden Balkens haben.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser der Löcher (26) eine Hälfte des Durchmesser der Höhlungen (13) ist und die Löcher (26) von den Enden der Zuganker (15) an einem Abstand von doppelte Höhe der Höhlungen (13) liegen.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mineralwolle als Abdichtungsmaterial (24) verwendet wird.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Beton (27) feinkörnig ist und bis zu 0,5% ausdehnt.
EP10014117.5A 2009-11-02 2010-10-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Öffnung in einem Fußboden Not-in-force EP2345779B1 (de)

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EP2345779B1 true EP2345779B1 (de) 2013-12-25

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118601361B (zh) * 2024-04-22 2025-12-19 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 一种预应力楼板开洞辅助装置及施工方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0978745A (ja) * 1995-09-13 1997-03-25 Yoshino Sekko Kk 天井開口部の補強構造
EP0775788A1 (de) 1995-11-22 1997-05-28 Hunter Douglas International N.V. Deckenverkleidungsbauweise
RU2197585C2 (ru) 2000-08-01 2003-01-27 Кубанский государственный аграрный университет Способ усиления реконструируемых зданий

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ES2452141T3 (es) 2014-03-31

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