EP2333133B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2333133B1
EP2333133B1 EP10014526A EP10014526A EP2333133B1 EP 2333133 B1 EP2333133 B1 EP 2333133B1 EP 10014526 A EP10014526 A EP 10014526A EP 10014526 A EP10014526 A EP 10014526A EP 2333133 B1 EP2333133 B1 EP 2333133B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
particles
layer
carrier
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10014526A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2333133A1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Bohn
Werner Krömmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE200910053987 external-priority patent/DE102009053987A1/de
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to EP10014526A priority Critical patent/EP2333133B1/fr
Publication of EP2333133A1 publication Critical patent/EP2333133A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2333133B1 publication Critical patent/EP2333133B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/048—Superconductive coils
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/4902—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor
    • Y10T29/49071—Electromagnet, transformer or inductor by winding or coiling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/5313—Means to assemble electrical device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a multilayer coil, the method based on the technique of cold gas spraying or dynamic cold spraying.
  • particles in the unmelted state are accelerated toward the surface of the substrate or molded article by means of at least one gas jet and adhere there with conversion of their kinetic energy (cf. EP 1 382 720 A2 from the prior art).
  • the device for coating the substrate or for producing the molded part has at least one cold gas spray gun, the cold gas spray gun and the substrate or molded part to be coated being arranged in a vacuum chamber (cf. EP 1 382 720 A2 from the prior art).
  • Conductors and coils are conventionally produced primarily as wires, often in the form of a copper matrix with filaments of the superconductor.
  • Niobtitanium (NbTi) or niobium tantalum may be mentioned as a significant superconducting material.
  • HTSC materials high-temperature superconductor materials
  • the wires thus produced are then wound into coils, usually on bobbin, which serve to stabilize the coil.
  • quench in which the superconductor suddenly changes from the superconducting state to the normal-conducting state, generating a great deal of heat, and the quench in superconducting coils is particularly dangerous There, when the superconductivity collapses, the entire field energy is converted into heat).
  • the current carrying capacity of the high-temperature superconductor layers is improved by performing the thermal spraying under conditions in which the particles in the spray jet have a low intrinsic temperature and a high airspeed, whereby a high deformation is caused when hitting the substrate; the subsequent heat treatment is carried out in such a way that grain growth of the crystallites in the layer is achieved as a function of the degree of deformation.
  • WO 2006/061384 A1 By suitable composition of the particles, it is possible to produce a high-temperature superconductive layer on the substrate. This process can be additionally assisted by a heater in a subsequent heat treatment step.
  • JP 07 142255 A discloses the production of a multilayer coil by joining by means of pulsed laser radiation.
  • the WO 03/019589 A1 includes a method of making a superconducting coil by ion beam assisted deposition on a rotating body.
  • a superconducting web is written on a base body by sputtering and laser heating followed by crystallization.
  • the object of the present invention is to refine a method and a device of the type mentioned above such that a compact and / or produced by means of cold-gas spraying (Dynamic Cold Spraying) or solid coil multiple conductor layers are provided as well as conductive connections between the individual conductor layers are created.
  • cold-gas spraying Dynamic Cold Spraying
  • solid coil multiple conductor layers are provided as well as conductive connections between the individual conductor layers are created.
  • the present invention is based on a method for cold gas spraying (dynamic cold spraying), by means of which multilayer electrical conductors, in particular rotationally symmetrical coils, for example, of electrically superconducting materials, can be produced.
  • the conductive layer is brought into at least one helical conductor by means of mechanical machining, for example by machining, or by laser or the like.
  • This helical conductor is embedded by spraying at least one further layer of the carrier material.
  • At least one further layer of the conductor is provided by spraying and by mechanical processing, for example by machining, or by laser or the like; Finally, the electrically conductive connection between the two conductor layers is provided by a kind of "tap hole spraying".
  • any multi-layer magnetic coils is made possible by the cold spray method, wherein the aforementioned method steps several times, in particular as often as can be repeated to provide multi-or multi-layer bobbins with electrical contact between the individual conductor layers available.
  • niobium titanium (NbTi) or else niobium tantalum is sprayed alternately with copper as the material with a high resistance, in particular as an insulating layer or as an insulating layer, to form the (supra) conductor layers, in particular the HTSC layers.
  • a compact and stable superconducting coil is provided.
  • the substrate or molded part has a microstructure or microstructure which corresponds at least approximately to the microstructure or microstructural texture of a high-temperature superconductor (HTSC).
  • HTSC high-temperature superconductor
  • the coating or layer formed from the particles or particles present in the cold gas jet thus has a microstructure or microstructure which is determined by the structure of the substrate or molded part on which the layer grows.
  • the structured or textured substrate is no longer available for layer formation as the layer structure progresses, the already applied particles or particles have the desired microstructure or microstructure, so that they too can serve as a substrate for further impinging particles, which in turn provide the desired Microstructure or structural texture preserved.
  • this transfer can be completed by at least one diffusion process which is initiated by at least one advantageously preparable heat treatment of the coated substrate or molded part and / or can be supported.
  • the quality of, for example, the HTSC layer can advantageously be improved, for which purpose at least one heating device for carrying out such a heat treatment after application of the particles can be provided according to the device. Consequently, the superconducting properties, in particular the high-temperature superconducting properties, can be regenerated after the spraying by a targeted heat treatment.
  • At least one reactive gas in particular oxygen
  • the gas jet which is incorporated into the, in particular further, carrier layer and / or into the, in particular further, conductor layer.
  • the producible layer or layer variety can be increased in an appropriate manner, because with the possibility of supplying at least one reactive gas is another optional parameter for influencing the running process added.
  • the present invention further relates to a multilayer coil formed as a compact block or as a stable structure, produced by the method according to the kind set forth above and / or with the device according to the kind set forth above.
  • the method according to the present invention as well as the device according to the present invention can provide a plurality of conductor layers and provide conductive connections between the individual conductor layers.
  • a suitable for operating the method according to the invention, based Fig. 1 illustrated device has a vacuum chamber 4, in which a substrate 5 can be placed in front of the nozzle of a cold gas spray gun 3 (the placement of the base material or substrate 5 before the cold gas spray gun 3 by means of a in Fig. 1 only for reasons of clarity of presentation not shown).
  • the vacuum chamber 4 is evacuated and generated by the cold gas spray gun 3, a gas jet, are fed into the particles for coating the workpiece or for the production of the molding 5.
  • the main gas stream for example a helium-nitrogen mixture with about forty vol .-% of helium
  • the spray particles pass in the auxiliary gas flow via the supply line 2 in the vacuum chamber 4, in which a pressure of about forty millibars prevails, and there in the cold gas spray gun 3.
  • the leads 1, 2 are for this purpose led into the vacuum chamber 4, in which both the cold gas spray gun 3 and the molding 5 is located. The entire cold gas spraying process thus takes place in the vacuum chamber 4.
  • the particles are accelerated so much by the cold gas jet that adhesion of the particles on the surface of the substrate 5 to be coated is achieved by converting the kinetic energy of the particles.
  • the particles can be additionally heated, the heating of which is limited in such a way that the melting temperature of the particles is not reached (this circumstance contributes to the term cold gas spraying).
  • the carrier gas which sprays together with the spray particles from the spray gun 3 during cold gas spraying and carries the spray particles to the workpiece 5, passes into the vacuum chamber 4 after the injection process.
  • the used carrier gas is removed via the gas line 6 from the vacuum chamber 4 by means of the vacuum pump 8.
  • the particulate filter 7 is switched, the free spray particles removed from the spent carrier gas to reliably prevent the solid particles damage the pump 8.
  • Fig. 1 illustrated cold gas spraying can be a broad choice of materials, ie electrical non-conductors, electrical low-voltage conductors, electrical conductors and also electrical superconductors as well as electrical Hochtemperatirsupraleiter on the base material 5 apply. Due to the high speed of the sprayed particles, layers are formed whose properties are similar to those of cast or rolled materials.
  • a coil instead of making a wire or winding a coil can according to Fig. 1 the entire structure of a coil are sprayed onto the bobbin 5, so a copper matrix, superconductor tracks and insulation material.
  • a copper matrix, superconductor tracks and insulation material By Corresponding shape and guiding of the carrier material 5 coils can be produced in any form and completely compact and stable, for example in the form of a stable block or a compact pad.
  • insulating material As insulating material (with relatively high resistance) can be used in Fig. 1 Copper can be sprayed alternately with niobium titanium (NbTi) or even niobium tantalum as a superconducting material to form a superconducting coil.
  • NbTi niobium titanium
  • niobium tantalum as a superconducting material
  • this superconducting coil in particular this high-temperature superconducting coil, can be determined by means of a (in Fig. 1 merely for reasons of clarity of illustration not shown) increase heater for performing a heat treatment. Consequently, the superconducting properties, in particular the high-temperature superconducting properties, can be regenerated after the spraying by such a targeted heat treatment.
  • Fig. 1 According to the method, in particular, in the manufacture of, for example, superconducting rotors and stators of electric motors, and in particular in the manufacture of, in particular rotationally symmetric, coils for M [agnetic] R [esonance] I [maging] devices or for N [uclear] M [agnetic] R [esonance] devices are used.
  • HTSC high-temperature superconductor
  • conductive particles having an electrically (high-temperature) superconducting property are sprayed in unmelted state (cf. Fig. 2C ).
  • the conductor particles of niobium titanium (NbTi) or of niobium tantalum are accelerated out of the nozzle 9 out of the nozzle 9 toward the copper matrix 15, adhere there with conversion of their kinetic energy and thus form a conductor layer 25.
  • the conductor layer 25 is by means of mechanical processing means 10, namely machined (see. Fig. 2D ), or by laser into a helical conductor 25 'transformed. This process step thus causes a, in particular mechanical, separation of the superconducting wires or interconnect within the conductor layer 25 by means of recesses or grooves located therebetween.
  • the caused by laser processing or trimming or stockpiling strip 25 ' is by cold gas spraying further carrier particles to form a further carrier layer 15 embedded (see. Fig. 2E ).
  • the further carrier layer 15 together with the connection 20 is coated by means of cold gas spraying from the nozzle 9 with conductor particles to form a further conductor layer 25 (cf. Fig. 2H ).
  • this further conductor layer 25 is by means of mechanical processing means 10, namely machined, or by laser in a further helical conductor 25 'reshaped (see. Fig. 2D analogous).
  • This method step thus causes a, in particular mechanical, separation of the superconducting wires or interconnect within the further conductor layer 25 by means of recesses or grooves lying therebetween, this further interconnect 25 'being connected to the adjoining or adjacent (for example with respect to FIGS Fig. 3 overlying) conductor 25 'is electrically superconducting connected by the connection 20.
  • Fig. 2D . Fig. 2E, Fig. 2F, Fig. 2G, Fig. 2H illustrated sequence of method steps for providing further conductor layers 25 is repeated six times;
  • the further conductor layers 25 are in each case converted into further strip conductors 25 ', the electrically superconducting connections 20 being alternately generated at the opposite lateral edges of the further strip conductors 25' in order in this way to provide a continuous electrical connection between the innermost strip conductor 25 'and the outermost trace 25 'to provide.

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche (100), dans lequel
    [a.1] pour la formation d'au moins une couche de support (15), on projette par pulvérisation au gaz froid des particules de support, qui présentent au moins en partie une propriété de faible conductibilité électrique ou d'isolation électrique, au moins localement sur la surface d'au moins un substrat, en particulier magnétique, ou d'au moins une pièce de forme (5), en particulier magnétique,
    [a.2] pour la formation d'au moins une couche conductrice (25), on projette par pulvérisation au gaz froid des particules conductrices, qui présentent au moins en partie une propriété de conductibilité électrique, en particulier de supraconductivité électrique, au moins localement sur la couche de support (15),
    [a.3] on forme la couche conductrice (25), par usinage mécanique (10), en particulier avec enlèvement de copeaux, ou par laser, en au moins une piste conductrice (25'), en particulier hélicoïdale,
    [b.1] on enrobe la piste conductrice (25') par projection d'autres particules de support avec formation d'au moins une autre couche de support (15),
    [b.2] on projette des particules conductrices avec formation d'au moins une autre couche conductrice (25) sur l'autre couche de support (15),
    [b.3] on forme l'autre couche conductrice (25), par usinage mécanique (10), en particulier avec enlèvement de copeaux, ou par laser, en au moins une autre piste conductrice (25'), en particulier hélicoïdale, et
    [c] on prépare au moins une liaison électriquement conductrice, en particulier électriquement supraconductrice (20)
    vers la, en particulier autre, couche conductrice (25), par exemple vers la, en particulier autre, piste conductrice (25'), ou
    entre au moins deux des, en particulier autres, couches conductrices (25) voisines l'une de l'autre, par exemple entre au moins deux, en particulier autres, pistes conductrices (25') voisines l'une de l'autre,
    - dans lequel on peut répéter les étapes de procédé [b.1], [b.2], [b.3], [c] à plusieurs reprises, en particulier autant de fois qu'on le souhaite, pour préparer d'autres couches conductrices (25), et/ou
    - pour convertir les autres couches conductrices (25) en autres pistes conductrices (25') dans un ordre quelconque, en particulier l'étape de procédé [c] peut se dérouler entre l'étape de procédé [b.1] et l'étape de procédé [b.2].
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la liaison électriquement conductrice (20) est réalisée à la manière d'un procédé de projection en bouchon, en particulier en ce que
    - on prépare mécaniquement (11) au moins un évidement (19) dans la couche de support (15) adjacente à la couche conductrice (25) à relier électriquement, par exemple on fore au moins un évidement (19) à travers la couche de support (15), et
    - on remplit l'évidement (19) avec un matériau électriquement conducteur, en particulier électriquement supraconducteur, par exemple on projette des particules conductrices dans l'évidement (19).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    - on prépare la propriété de faible conductibilité électrique ou d'isolation électrique par du cuivre (Cu), et/ou
    - on prépare la propriété de conductibilité électrique, en particulier de supraconductivité électrique, par du niobium-titane (NbTi) ou par du niobium-tantale,
    - dans lequel les particules conductrices peuvent contenir au moins en partie les composants chimiques d'au moins un supraconducteur à haute température (HTSL) et/ou
    - dans lequel le substrat ou la pièce de forme (5) peut présenter une structure cristalline ou une texture cristalline, qui correspond au moins approximativement à la structure cristalline ou à la texture cristalline d'un supraconducteur à haute température (HTSL).
  4. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des nanoparticules ou des particules outre-fines
    - comme particules de support et/ou
    - comme particules conductrices.
  5. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la pulvérisation au gaz froid, on ajoute au et de gaz au moins un gaz réactif, en particulier de l'oxygène, qui est incorporé dans la, en particulier autre, couche de support (15) et/ou dans la, en particulier autre, couche conductrice (25).
  6. Procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, après le dépôt des particules de support et/ou des particules conductrices, on effectue au moins un traitement thermique du substrat revêtu ou de la pièce de forme (5) revêtue.
  7. Bobine multicouche (100) réalisée sous forme de bloc compact ou de structure stable, fabriquée par le procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 6.
  8. Utilisation d'un procédé selon au moins une des revendications 1 à 6 pour la fabrication
    - de rotors et/ou de stators, en particulier supraconducteurs, notamment pour des moteurs électriques, ou
    - de bobines conductrices, en particulier supraconductrices, notamment pour des appareils d'imagerie par résonance magnétique [IRM] ou pour des appareils de résonance magnétique nucléaire [RMN].
EP10014526A 2009-11-23 2010-11-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche Not-in-force EP2333133B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10014526A EP2333133B1 (fr) 2009-11-23 2010-11-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910053987 DE102009053987A1 (de) 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer mehrlagigen Spule
EP10002761 2010-03-16
EP10014526A EP2333133B1 (fr) 2009-11-23 2010-11-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2333133A1 EP2333133A1 (fr) 2011-06-15
EP2333133B1 true EP2333133B1 (fr) 2013-03-06

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EP10014526A Not-in-force EP2333133B1 (fr) 2009-11-23 2010-11-11 Procédé de fabrication d'une bobine multicouche

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EP (1) EP2333133B1 (fr)

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GB2540150B (en) 2015-07-06 2020-01-08 Dyson Technology Ltd Rare earth magnet with Dysprosium treatment
US11469527B2 (en) * 2016-09-05 2022-10-11 Relibond Aps Method for providing an electrically conductive power transmission interface, interface-forming device and use of a cold spraying apparatus for forming a power transmission interface
CN108937606A (zh) * 2017-05-26 2018-12-07 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 锅具和烹饪器具
KR20200127231A (ko) 2018-03-07 2020-11-10 렐리본드 에이피에스 전원 케이블 말단부 처리 장치
EP3629452A1 (fr) 2018-09-28 2020-04-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor pour une machine à rotation électrique

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US20110289765A1 (en) 2011-12-01
EP2333133A1 (fr) 2011-06-15

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