EP2318267B1 - Schwimmender träger, der eine mit zwei bojen zur befestigung von spannseilen und rohren zur verbindung zwischen dem meeresboden und der oberfläche ausgestattete trommel umfasst - Google Patents

Schwimmender träger, der eine mit zwei bojen zur befestigung von spannseilen und rohren zur verbindung zwischen dem meeresboden und der oberfläche ausgestattete trommel umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2318267B1
EP2318267B1 EP09740502.1A EP09740502A EP2318267B1 EP 2318267 B1 EP2318267 B1 EP 2318267B1 EP 09740502 A EP09740502 A EP 09740502A EP 2318267 B1 EP2318267 B1 EP 2318267B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buoy
turret
chamber
mooring
bottom wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09740502.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2318267A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Denise
Thomas Marty
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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Publication of EP2318267A1 publication Critical patent/EP2318267A1/de
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Publication of EP2318267B1 publication Critical patent/EP2318267B1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/507—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets
    • B63B21/508—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets connected to submerged buoy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/02—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel
    • B63B22/021—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids
    • B63B22/023—Buoys specially adapted for mooring a vessel and for transferring fluids, e.g. liquids submerged when not in use
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floating support anchored on a disconnectable drum.
  • the technical sector of the invention is more particularly the field of underwater oil production in extreme weather-ocean weather zone and more particularly in the Arctic and Antarctic, from floating supports.
  • a floating support for oil production generally includes anchoring means to remain in position despite the effects of currents, winds and waves. It also generally comprises means for drilling, storage and treatment of oil and means of unloading to removing tankers, the latter occurring at regular intervals to perform the removal of production.
  • the usual name for these floating supports or vessels is the Anglo-Saxon term “Floating Production Storage Offloading” (meaning “floating medium of storage, production and unloading") which we use the abbreviated term "FPSO” as a whole of the following description, or "FDPU” or “Floating Drilling & Production Unit” (meaning “buoyant means of drilling and production”), when the floating support is also used to perform drilling operations with well deviated in height of the slice of water.
  • the FPSO When the ocean-weather conditions, ie swell, wind and current are important, even extreme, in the case of storms, it is preferable to anchor the FPSO at a reel, usually located at known manner in the forward third of the ship and in the axis, the vessel being free to turn around said drum in the wind, the current and the swell.
  • wind, current and waves exert specific forces on the hull and the superstructures, the FPSO because of its degree of freedom of rotation around the vertical axis ZZ, coming naturally to the position of least resistance.
  • the pipes connecting the wellheads are connected in generally on the underside of the drum and connected to the FPSO via a rotary joint integrated in the axis of said drum.
  • weather conditions can become extreme, such as in the North Sea, in the Gulf of Mexico or in the Arctic or Antarctic zone, the FPSO is generally disconnectable so that it can be sheltered waiting for acceptable operational conditions.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a floating support for submarine oil production in the Arctic or Antarctic zone equipped below its hull with a disconnectable drum from which anchor lines extend to the seabed and pipes. connecting bottom / surface, said shell having in its longitudinal direction substantially flat lateral edges and vertical, and optionally, with, known manner of the proues (front part of the ship) and, preferably stern (rear part of the ship), inclined relative to the horizontal and preferably profiled to form a reinforced pointed bow, capable of breaking the pack ice by simple bending when said pack ice engages force under said reinforced bow.
  • the floating supports advantageously have a hull with longitudinal edges substantially vertical to give them optimum oil storage capacity, and better behavior in case of high sea. But a hull with vertical edges is particularly disadvantageous in terms of behavior. facing the pack ice. So in US 4102288 and US 4571125 floating supports are proposed which, among other means, have curved or angled curved planks to promote ice breakage, as is the case with the known bow ship profiles with bow inclined relative to the horizontal.
  • the rolling bearing is either located at the level of the floating support bridge or located in the lower part in a wet zone, that is to say that the bearing is immersed, or else in combination of the two previous configurations.
  • Embodiments in which the rolling bearing is located exclusively at the level of the bridge are valid only for floating supports of relatively low height, especially less than 15 m. Beyond this, for the floating supports, in particular 20 to 25 m high, the horizontal force on the drum resulting from the rotation of the floating support creates a bending on the structure of the drum in its length, which forces the mechanical resistance of the upper bearing of rolling and therefore affects the mechanical reliability of operation. On the other hand, when the rolling bearing is immersed in the lower part of the drum, this immersion affects the reliability of operation and the durability of said rolling bearing and in addition creates difficulties in carrying out maintenance operations.
  • a connection and quick disconnection system for a mooring buoy in which the mooring buoy comprises an upper part connected to the bottom of the hull of the floating support, more precisely at a mooring cavity. extending annularly at the lower end of a cavity passing through the hull of the floating support over its entire height and through which the bottom / surface connection lines rise.
  • the mooring buoy also includes a lower portion to which anchor lines are anchored and lower portions of bottom / surface connection lines extending to the bottom of the sea, this lower portion of the mooring buoy. is rotatable through a completely immersed rolling bearing, allowing the rotation of this lower part relative to the upper part of the mooring buoy secured to the hull.
  • This type of system with a fully submerged rotating part and fully immersed rolling bearings is not suitable for mooring a large number of bottom / surface connection pipes, for which it is desirable to provide a system in which at least part of the rolling bearings is located in the area out of water, so that it can be easier to maintain and operate in less demanding operating conditions.
  • WO 94/15828 at the bottom of the shell, there are provided internal tanks having a large area in horizontal section in which the atmospheric pressure is established or preferably the vacuum. These internal tanks have a large contact surface in horizontal section with the upper part of the mooring buoy, against which the latter is intended to be fixed.
  • an annular interstitial zone is created between the mooring buoy and the atmospheric pressure vessel at the bottom of the hull of the vessel, delimited by two concentric O-rings, an annular zone of reduced volume which is brought into contact with the atmospheric pressure chamber at the bottom of the hull of the ship to create a positive buoyancy of the entire mooring buoy and anchor lines and bottom / surface connection lines which are pressed against said contact surface.
  • a mooring buoy consisting of two independent parts consisting of a first annular buoy on which are exclusively anchored said anchoring lines of the floating support and a second coaxial buoy secured to said first buoy in a reversible manner is described; that is disconnectable, within the central orifice of said first buoy, said bottom / surface connection lines being moored exclusively to said second buoy.
  • the two buoys are entirely contained in a cavity within the hull of the floating support and are thus connected and therefore disconnectable, exclusively by complicated mechanical locking means and very difficult to implement when the forces become considerable, the latter being able to reach and exceed 5 to 6000 tons.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a mooring device reversibly connected to the floating support comprising at least one mooring buoy, device on which are fixed said anchoring lines and bottom / surface connection lines, said mooring device cooperating with a drum, the structure and operation of said mooring device being such that the device allows independent disconnection of the bottom / surface connection lines, without risk of damaging them, while maintaining the floating support anchored by said anchor lines.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system for connection / disconnection of said mooring device, which is fast and based on the principle of creating a positive buoyancy between a mooring buoy and the anchor lines and and / or mooring / mooring connecting lines moored thereto, the buoy connection / disconnection system to be further adapted to an embodiment in which said mooring device is secured under a rotating drum within a cavity extending preferably over the entire height of the hull of the ship, said docking device being articulated in rotation relative to said hull with the aid of at least one rolling bearing, preferably which is not susceptible to be immersed in operation.
  • the weight of the volume of water V i corresponds to the buoyancy force applied to the horizontal section S i of said first or second chamber.
  • the mooring device of the present invention makes it possible to disconnect and descend to a certain immersion depth below the floating support the second buoy alone, in order to put the first lines of bonds away from turbulence surface and subsurface, while now connected the first buoy on which the anchor lines are moored and thus without undoing the floating support.
  • connection / disconnection system is particularly easy to implement, according to the following principle.
  • said first or second chamber is filled with water, said vent and guide tube or tubes keeping said first or second chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure during filling, until the level of water in said guide tubes is at a height slightly greater than H 1i .
  • the floating support comprises a plurality of said hoisting cables extending from winches preferably arranged at the deck of the ship or at the top of said reel, above the waterline, said hoisting ropes. optionally extending into a plurality of vent and guide tubes extending vertically within the drum, from a level above the waterline to the bottom wall of the drum which they cross in a sealed way.
  • connection / disconnection system comprises at least three said cables and at least three said guide tubes, arranged, preferably, symmetrically with respect to the center of the circular bottom wall of said drum and, preferably, along and near the outer surface of said tubular structure of said drum for said first buoy or respectively close to the inner surface of said tubular structure of said reel for said second buoy, the lower ends of said cables being fixed at the upper face of said first buoy or respectively at the upper edge of said upper tubular wall of said second buoy.
  • said upper tubular bottom wall of said second buoy comprises, at its lower end, a bottom wall to which it is sealingly assembled, forming the bottom wall of the chamber of the valves supporting said valves and / or automatic connector parts, and said second buoy comprises, in the lower part, a box constituting a float on the underside of the bottom wall of the valve chamber.
  • the upper tubular wall of the second buoy has a height necessary and sufficient to install said valves and connectors automatic connection of the first and second pipes.
  • the floating support comprises at least one said pump located preferably in the lower part inside said sealed tubular structure constituting the drum, said pump cooperating with a suction pipe sealingly passing through said bottom wall of the drum, said suction pipe arriving close to the wall of each said first or second chamber when said first or second buoy is in position against said bottom wall of the drum, and said pump cooperating with a discharge pipe for each said first or second chamber, each said discharge pipe opening into said cavity preferably through the tubular side wall of said tubular waterproof structure constituting the drum, preferably in the lower part of said drum.
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous in that it allows that said first buoy is not likely to damage, when disconnected, the lower end of the second connecting lines, including the part of automatic connectors, when the said first buoy is dropped, given the considerable booster forces to which said first buoy is subjected, when the FPSO undergoes significant horizontal displacements due to swell, wind, current, or drifting ice.
  • the first buoy is thus disconnected only after disconnecting and releasing said second buoy relative to the central orifice of said first buoy.
  • This offset between the central portion and the peripheral portion of said bottom wall forms a cavity delimited by the lower end of the inner surface of the tubular side wall of the drum and the underside of the central portion of the bottom wall.
  • This cavity forms a centering catch so that it can hold and wedge in position said second mooring buoy when it is pressed on the underside of said bottom wall to allow the connection of said first and second lines of connection using said connectors.
  • centering means make it possible to facilitate the centering of the upper tubular wall of said mooring buoy with respect to said drum, in approaching movement against the underside of said bottom of the drum and, if necessary, facilitate the connection.
  • the floating support comprises means for retaining or reversible mechanical safety lock of each of said first and second mooring buoys against the underside of the bottom wall of said drum.
  • each of said first or second mooring buoy comprises abutments or protective cleats limiting the crushing of said seal and ensuring the vertical load transfer between said first or second buoy and the drum when said first or second buoy is applied. against the bottom wall of said drum, said O-rings being compressed between the underside of the bottom wall of said drum and said first or second mooring buoy, said protective catch being able to cooperate with an articulated movable safety lock secured to the underside of the bottom wall of said drum, such that said first or second mooring buoy is secured to said drum when said safety lock is engaged below said protective catch.
  • said upper tubular wall of the second buoy and / or the tubular side wall of the sealed tubular structure of said reel comprises (s) a filling valve cooperating with filling pipes connecting the sea water and the interior of said valve chamber, and, preferably, said tubular wall of said valve chamber having a large-sized watertight hatch, adapted to allow an almost instantaneous filling of said valve chamber with seawater when one opens said hatch.
  • the bottom wall of the drum comprises a inspection hatch of said valve chamber.
  • valve chamber Since it is possible to empty the valve chamber, this allows the personnel to intervene dry in said chamber for maintenance and, if necessary, the implementation of the valves and automatic connectors ensuring the connection between said first and second conduits.
  • H 2b represents the height with respect to the seabed of the upper edge of the upper tubular wall of the second buoy and that of the underside of the portion of the bottom wall of the drum when in contact and S b is the cross-sectional area of the upper tubular wall of said second buoy or the surface of the bottom wall of the drum delimited by the upper edge of the upper tubular wall of the drum when in contact.
  • H 2a represents the height, with respect to the seabed, of the upper face of the first buoy and that of the underside of the peripheral portion of the bottom wall of the reel when in contact
  • S a is the section of the annular surface of the cross section of said second chamber delimited by the two joints of the upper face of the first buoy when in contact with the underside of the peripheral portion of the wall of bottom of the drum.
  • the lower ends of said lifting cables are detached from said first or second mooring buoy and, preferably, mechanical locking means of said first or second buoy are engaged.
  • mooring making it integral with the bottom wall of said drum, preferably with the aid of an articulated movable safety lock adapted to cooperate with protective stops preventing crushing of said seals or said compressed gasket between said first or respectively second mooring buoy and the underside of the bottom wall of the drum.
  • This two-stage disconnection mode is advantageous because, at the end of step b- and up to step d-included, the second buoy is is held in position by the hydrostatic thrust and the release process of the second buoy is always reversible by simply emptying the chamber.
  • This allows to provide a phase of intermediate disconnection or waiting phase, in case we are not sure of wanting to disconnect the second mooring buoy but that, if necessary, we want to be ready to be able to do this disconnection as quickly as possible, by simply filling the guide tubes in accordance with step e-above.
  • the preparatory phase which is still reversible is calmly carried out, this phase possibly taking several hours in the case of burning of the iceberg. depressurization gas by the edge flare.
  • the second phase (step e-), the latter being irreversible, lasts only a few tens of seconds, or even a few minutes, to obtain the release of the buoy, and therefore the almost instantaneous release of the FPSO of its bottom / surface links, or in the case of the first mooring buoy, its anchorage.
  • an FPSO type floating vessel or support 10 anchored on a disconnectable mooring system 1 fixed on the underside of a drum 2 comprising a first buoy 1-1 on which are moored anchoring lines 13 and a second buoy 1-2 connected to submarine wellheads, not shown, by flexible pipes called first bottom-surface connection lines 14 in a plunging chain configuration 14a to a float In subsurface supporting said hose.
  • the float 15 is held by a cable 15a connected to a dead body 15b at the bottom of the sea, then said flexible pipe 14a is extended in chain configuration 14b to the bottom of the sea 50, then to said wellheads.
  • connection / disconnection modes of said first and second buoys on the underside of the drum 2 independently of each other are described below.
  • a side FPSO pushed by a drifting ice-floe 31 is shown in side view, which causes an offset ⁇ L which has the effect of modifying the configuration of the chains 14a of the connecting lines 14 on the left, at the extreme, a force F applying at the level of the first buoy 1-1 is transmitted to the drum 2 of the FPSO, now the latter in position.
  • the disconnection of the second buoy 1-2 which drifts somewhat and is stabilized at a height Ha above the bottom of the sea 50.
  • a dead body 16 connected to the second buoy 1-2 stabilizes the second buoy 1-2 at the height Ha when the dead body 16 rests at the bottom of the sea 50.
  • the first buoy is still integral with the FPSO and keeps the latter in position.
  • the dropping of the first mooring buoy 1-1 is carried out.
  • the latter also drifts and stabilizes at a height Hb above the bottom of the sea 50.
  • the FPSO is then free and can emerge from the pack ice to shelter.
  • the figure 6 represents in section and in side view the mooring device 1. It comprises two buoys 1-1, 1-2 arranged coaxially with respect to each other and with respect to the axis ZZ 'of the bottom 2b of said drum, a first buoy 1-1 being an annular buoy on which are anchored said anchoring lines 13, and said annular buoy having a central orifice 1-3 containing a second buoy 1-2 on which are moored said first bottom-surface connection lines 14, said second mooring buoy 1-2 comprising an upper tubular wall 1a, hereinafter referred to as a valve chamber, within which said valves 8 and connectors 7 to the upper end of said first connecting lines 14.
  • Said docking device 1 is reversibly connected to a drum 2.
  • Said drum comprises a sealed tubular structure 2, with a circular section along said vertical axis ZZ ', comprising a bottom wall 2b sealingly assembled at the lower end. of the tubular side wall 2a of said tubular waterproof structure.
  • Said drum 2 extends within a cavity 4 passing through the hull of the floating support over its entire height.
  • Said drum is articulated in rotation relative to said shell by means of 3 rolling bearings 5 1 , 5 2 , 5 3 , a 5 1 is located above the waterline 32 and / or out of water .
  • These rolling bearings allow the rotation of said floating support around a substantially vertical axis ZZ 'of said drum and said cavity, without causing the rotation of said docking device with respect to the same vertical axis ZZ.
  • Second connecting lines 14c extend between the upper end of said first bottom / surface connection conduits 14 to which they are connected and the bridge of the floating support 10 1 .
  • Said second connecting ducts 14c pass sealingly through the bottom wall 2b of the drum 2 and up through the cavity 4 to a coupling 3 of a plurality of said second pipes 14c, said coupling 3 being integral with the floating support at the bridge 10 1 of said floating support.
  • Said connector 3 is of the type with a rotating joint, articulated in rotation on the bridge so as to allow the rotation of said floating support without causing the rotation of said coupling.
  • the lower ends of said second connecting lines on the underside of said bottom wall of the drum are connected to the upper ends of said first connecting pipes 14 via connectors 7 cooperating with isolation valves 8.
  • the seawater is present inside said cavity 4 of the FPSO and outside the drum.
  • the drum 2 comprises at its upper end an upper platform 2c, of larger diameter than the lateral tubular wall 2, said platform bearing, in its peripheral parts protruding from the lateral tubular wall 2, against the step 10a at the end upper cavity 4.
  • the level of said bearings at least said tubular structure 2 and said inner wall 4 of cavity 1 have a circular section.
  • the rollers or rollers of the lower and upper lateral guide bearings 5 2 and 5 3 are more particularly arranged with their axes of rotation in a vertical position.
  • said rollers or rollers are arranged with their axes of rotation in a horizontal position bearing on the step 1a, the platform 2 1 resting on the edge of said rollers 5 1 .
  • the diameter outside said tubular structure of the drum 2 may exceed 25m, more particularly from 10 to 20m and its wet height is generally greater than 20 m, can reach 25 m, or more in the case where the hull of the floating support extends over a height of 50 m as in some cases.
  • connection / disconnection system of said first and / or respectively second mooring buoy (s) 1-1, 1-2 with respect to said bottom wall 2b of the drum allows the connection / disconnection of each of said first and / or respectively second mooring buoy independently of one another.
  • the FPSO is in cold waters in which icebergs or large, large ice sheets floating on the surface of the sea can move. 32
  • said second buoy is disconnected to lower the said first pipes to a certain depth And, disconnects the said first buoy, commonly called “spider buoy”, that is to say “spider buoy”.
  • the internal buoyancy of said first and second buoys that is to say the volume of the annular chamber 40b empty inside the first buoy 1-1 and the volume of the chamber 30b on the underside of the chamber valves 30 of the second buoy are adjusted in such a way that said first and second buoys stabilize at depths Ha and Hb, respectively, above the seabed, corresponding, for example, to distances of 50 to 100m from the surface of the sea 32, thus putting all the anchor lines and hoses under cover, as shown on the same figure 5 .
  • the second buoy is handled by the cables 20b, at least two cables, preferably three cables, preferably regularly and evenly distributed inside said drum close to the internal cylindrical surface of the wall of the tubular structure 2, and connected to winches 20a, integral with the drum and installed in the upper part, largely above the waterline 32, preferably on the platform 2c.
  • Said cables 20b each pass through a guide tube 20c-2, the latter protruding several meters, for example 5m, the level maximum of the maximum swell hitting the side of the ship, said maximum level being largely above the level of the sea at rest 32 as shown on said figure 7 .
  • Said guide tube 20c-2 extends vertically downwards and passes in a sealed manner through the central portion 2b1 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum 2.
  • the level of the seawater inside the tubes 20c-2 guide remains substantially the same as at the side of the ship, that is to say at the corresponding level H 0 , in said figure, at sea level 32.
  • the level of the water in the guide tube 20c-2 can not reach the top of the tube 20c-2, and the seawater is thus not likely to invade the inside of the drum 2.
  • the tubular side wall 2a of the drum is traversed in its structure by guide tubes 20c-1, preferably at least 3 regularly distributed, which extend from the platform 2c to the lower end of the side tubular wall 2a through the peripheral portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum.
  • guide tubes 20c-1 preferably at least 3 regularly distributed, which extend from the platform 2c to the lower end of the side tubular wall 2a through the peripheral portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum.
  • 21b cables hung at their upper end on winches 21a resting on the platform 2c and hooked at their lower ends on the upper face 40a of said first flat ring buoy.
  • the first mooring buoy is therefore handled by the cables 21b, at least two cables, preferably three cables, preferably regularly and evenly distributed inside the tubular wall 2a of said drum.
  • the first mooring buoy 1-1 being in the rest position at an altitude Ha above the seabed, and the second buoy 1-2 being in the rest position at an altitude Hb
  • the FPSO is positioned substantially at the vertical of the two buoys
  • a ROV automated submarine intervention driven from the surface
  • the first buoy is then raised towards the bottom 2b of the drum by synchronized winding of all the winches, until the upper part of the buoy comes into contact with the lower part 2b2 of the drum.
  • the ROV connects the upper edge 1b of said second buoy 1-2, the lower end of the cables. 20b, descended to the desired depth by unscrewing the winches 20a.
  • the second buoy is then raised towards the bottom of the drum by synchronized winding of all the winches, until the upper part of the buoy comes into contact with the lower part of the drum.
  • the valve chamber 30 is then unpacked as detailed on the figure 10 using a pump 22 and said second buoy is then secured to the drum by the buoyancy force acting on the surface defined by the seal 100, since said chamber 30 is then substantially at atmospheric pressure.
  • the upper part of the second buoy 1-2 is constituted by an upper tubular wall 1a, preferably of circular section, delimiting a first chamber or chamber of the valves 30 enclosing the upper ends of the first pipes 14 sealingly crossing the bottom 30a of the chamber 30, as well as the buoyancy chamber 30b located on the underside of said chamber of the valves 30.
  • Said upper ends of the first ducts 14 being equipped with valves 8 and / or male 7a or female 7b automatic connectors 7.
  • the valves 8 and male portions 7a of automatic connectors 7 at the upper end of the first conduits 14 are supported by the bottom of the valve chamber 30a.
  • the circular seal 100 preferably an O-ring, is applied to the upper edge 1b forming the edge of the upper tubular wall of the second buoy 1-2.
  • the circular elastomer seal 100 integral with the buoy 1-2 is compressed between the under-face of the drum of the upper part of the second buoy, a tab 101 secured to said second buoy, limits the crushing of said seal and ensures the transfer vertical load due to buoyancy, between said second buoy and the drum.
  • cleats 101 are applied against the outer surface of the tubular wall 1a and extend below it, that is to say below the level of the underside of the bottom wall 2b of the tubular structure 2, in order to allow the recovery of the horizontal forces experienced by the mooring buoy 1-2.
  • the lower end 27 of the tubular side wall 2a of the drum below the central portion 2b2 of the bottom wall serves as a guide means 27 for centering the second buoy relative to the drum, and thus facilitate the connection male parts 7a and female 7b automatic connectors.
  • the lower end 27 of the tubular side wall 2a of the drum allows the recovery of horizontal forces experienced by the mooring buoy 1-2.
  • a pump 22 draws water through a suction pipe 22a sealingly through the bottom 2b of the drum and discharging the water into the sea via the discharge pipe 22b sealingly through the reel 2.
  • the water inside the guide tubes 20c-1 is at level H 0 , corresponding substantially to sea level, but as soon as the pump has evacuated a few hundred liters, the The water will reach the level H 1 b, because the diameter required for the pipes is related to the diameter of the lifting cables 20b and is advantageously reduced to a minimum.
  • a guide tube of 300mm internal diameter and a height H 0 -H 2b of 20m, inside which is installed a lifting cable of 150mm in diameter corresponds to a volume of water d about 1m3, i.e., an overall volume of about 4m3 for a four-strand lifting system.
  • a deballasting pump of 500m3 / h will thus empty the entire height of the said guide pipes in approximately 30 seconds, and then begin to empty the valve chamber whose volume is approximately 2,000 m3 for a 5m chamber. height and 22.5 m in diameter.
  • the valve chamber 30 When the valve chamber 30 is empty, it is at atmospheric pressure and is made accessible by a manhole 24 provided with a watertight trapdoor 24a in the closed position when the second buoy is disconnected, or that the valve chamber is being purged or filled.
  • a safety lock device figure 14 consisting, for example in an articulated movable portion 102 secured to said underside of the drum, cooperating with a tab 101 integral with the annular buoy, said tab being for example common with the stop limiting the crushing of the elastomer seal 100.
  • F weight of the volume of water
  • V 2b S b x (H 0 -H 2b )
  • the release process is reversible by simple emptying of the chamber as previously explained:
  • all the flexible lines 14 are advantageously depressurized. to the wellheads, and more particularly the gas lines under very high pressure, the gas is sent to the flare of the FPSO for burning.
  • the second buoy is found with a hydrostatic level corresponding to sea level, that is to say at the H0 level, and said second buoy is precipitated down with a considerable force corresponding to its own weight, c that is, 500-1500 tons, thus freeing the FPSO from its anchorage on a drum, almost instantaneously.
  • a gasket with a thickness of 25 mm will require, in the above-mentioned example of a chamber with valves of 22.5 m in diameter, a complementary supply of seawater of approximately 10 m 3, which does not dramatically increase the disconnection time.
  • valve chamber 30a It is also possible to fill the valve chamber 30a with valves 26 and lateral filling lines 26a-26b passing through said upper tubular wall 1a of the second mooring buoy 1-2, as shown in FIG. figure 12 .
  • said tubular upper wall 1a of the second mooring buoy has been described as being defined by a cylindrical surface of vertical axis ZZ ', preferably of circular section.
  • said upper tubular wall 1a can be defined by a surface of revolution of vertical axis ZZ 'whose right generator is inclined relative to the axis ZZ', said upper tubular wall then having a frustoconical shape, or said generator may be curved, the essential part being to define a side wall whose upper edge 1b is adapted to come into contact with the underside of the central portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum 2, on the one hand , and, on the other hand, whose lower end is sealingly assembled on the periphery of the bottom wall of the chamber 30, so as to define a chamber of the valves 30a sealed when the upper edge of the side wall of said valve chamber comes into contact with the central portion 2b1 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum 2.
  • the winches 20a-21a are installed at the deck of the FPSO and the corresponding lifting cables 20b-21b pass through the guide tubes 20c-1,20c-2, the latter also playing the role of vent, but it remains in the spirit of the invention if we integrate the winches in the structure of the drum at its bottom.
  • the winches are then directly in the water and the cables connected directly to the buoy: it then has at least one pipe 20c-1,20c-2 which then has a role of vent.
  • the system and method for connecting / disconnecting said first buoy 1-1 is similar to that of the second buoy described above.
  • the pumping means cooperating with a suction pipe 22a passing through the peripheral portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b and a discharge pipe 22b passing through the tubular side wall 2a and opening into the cavity 4, make it possible to empty the interstitial chamber 40 between the two seals 200a and 200b delimiting said second chamber 40, when the first buoy is pressed against the bottom wall of the drum.
  • the two elastomeric seals 200a-200b, integral with the first ring buoy 1-1 are compressed between the underside of the drum and the upper part of the first buoy.
  • Cleats 101a, 101b comprising a male portion 101a integral with the upper face 40a of the first buoy cooperates with complementary female portions 101b in which they can be wedged under the side of the peripheral portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum.
  • stops or lugs 101a, 101b can limit the crushing of the seals 200a and 200b and these tabs can cooperate with safety locks (not shown) making the first buoy integral with the peripheral portion 2b2 of the bottom wall 2b of the drum.
  • cleats 101a, 101b serve as centering means of the first buoy relative to the bottom wall of the drum and allow to take up at least part of the horizontal forces experienced by the first buoy.
  • a valve 25 and pipes 25a, 25b passing through the side wall 2a of the drum allow to fill the chamber 40 with the water coming from the inside of the cavity 4.
  • the Archimedes thrust is applied on the limited surface respectively by the seal 100 in the case of the second buoy, and limited by the joints 200a-200b in the case of the first buoy.
  • the upward thrust is a function of the difference H 0 -H, where H is the level of the free water within the guide tubes 20c-1,20c-2.
  • the pump 22 will very quickly lower the water level in the guide tubes 20c-1, and as soon as the level H 1a is reached, said buoy 1-1 is located the continuation of the pumping will have the effect of increasing the buoyancy of Archimedes and the security factor of the system is then a function of the height H 1a -H 2a .
  • the second buoy which will be, in calm weather, connected or disconnected at a level H 1b , and in case of extreme conditions will be dropped to a level H between level H 1b and level H 2b .
  • a first buoy 1-1 having a seal inner peripheral diameter 200a of 25m and a seal outer peripheral 200b of 42m, a value of H 2 was 22m, is subjected, when the plan of the joints is at a depth of 20m, with an Archimedes thrust of about 20,000 tonnes directed upwards.

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Claims (16)

  1. Schwimmender Träger (10) zur Ölförderung, umfassend:
    - eine Vorrichtung zum Festmachen (1) von Leinen zur Verankerung (13) am Meeresgrund und von ersten Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche (14), die sich von der Festmachvorrichtung, an der sie festgemacht sind, bis zum Meeresgrund erstrecken, wobei die Festmachvorrichtung wenigstens eine ringförmige Festmacherboje (1-1) umfaßt, wobei die Festmachvorrichtung (1) mit einer Trommel (2) reversibel verbunden ist, und
    - wobei die Trommel wenigstens eine dichte rohrförmige Struktur (2), vorzugsweise mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, entlang einer vertikalen Achse (ZZ') umfaßt, mit einer bodenseitigen Wand (2b), die mit dem unteren Ende der rohrförmigen Seitenwand (2a) der dichten rohrförmigen Struktur dicht verbunden ist, wobei die Trommel (2) sich innerhalb eines Hohlraums (4) erstreckt, der den Rumpf des schwimmenden Trägers vorzugsweise über dessen gesamte Höhe durchzieht, wobei die Trommel gegenüber dem Rumpf mittels wenigstens eines Wälz- oder Reiblagers (51, 52, 53), das vorzugsweise oberhalb der Wasserlinie (32) und/oder außerhalb des Wassers gelegen ist, vorzugsweise eines Wälzlagers, drehbar angelenkt ist, um die Rotation des schwimmenden Trägers um eine im wesentlichen vertikale Achse (ZZ') der Trommel und des Hohlraums zuzulassen, ohne die Rotation der Festmachvorrichtung gegenüber der gleichen vertikalen Achse (ZZ') zu bewirken, und
    - zweite Verbindungsleitungen (14c), die sich zwischen dem oberen Ende der ersten Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche (14), an die sie angeschlossen sind, und dem Deck des schwimmenden Trägers (101) erstrecken, wobei die zweiten Verbindungsleitungen (14c) die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel (2) dicht durchgreifen und innerhalb des Hohlraums (4) bis zu einem Anschluß (3) einer Vielzahl von zweiten Leitungen (14c) hinauf verlaufen, wobei der Anschluß (3) mit dem schwimmenden Träger im Bereich des Decks (101) des schwimmenden Trägers fest verbunden ist, wobei der Anschluß (3) vom Typ Anschluß mit Drehkupplung drehbar angelenkt ist, um die Rotation des schwimmenden Trägers zuzulassen, ohne die Rotation des Anschlusses zu bewirken, wobei die unteren Enden der zweiten Verbindungsleitungen an der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand der Trommel über Verbinder (7), die mit Ventilen (8) zusammenwirken, an die oberen Enden der ersten Verbindungsleitungen (14) angeschlossen sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - die Festmachvorrichtung (1) zwei Bojen (1-1, 1-2) umfaßt, die zueinander und zur Achse (ZZ') der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel koaxial angeordnet sind, wobei eine erste Boje (1-1) eine ringförmige Boje ist, an der die Verankerungsleinen (13) festgemacht sind, und wobei die erste ringförmige Boje eine mittlere Öffnung (1-3) umfaßt, die eine zweite Festmacherboje (1-2) enthält, an der die ersten Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche (14) festgemacht sind, wobei die zweite Festmacherboje (1-2) eine obere rohrförmige Wand (1a) umfaßt, innerhalb derer die Ventile (8) und Verbinder (7) am oberen Ende der ersten Verbindungsleitungen (14) gelegen sind, und
    - der schwimmende Träger ein System zum Verbinden/Lösen der ersten und/oder zweiten Festmacherboje(n) (1-1, 1-2) gegenüber der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel umfaßt, welches das Verbinden/Lösen einer jeden der ersten bzw. zweiten Festmacherboje unabhängig voneinander ermöglicht, umfassend:
    • zwei Dichtungen (200a, 200b) an der Oberseite (40a) der ersten ringförmigen Boje (1-1), wobei die Dichtungen in Bezug auf die Achse (ZZ') der mittleren Öffnung (1-3) der ersten Boje koaxial sind, eine erste dichte Kammer oder ringförmige Zwischenkammer (40) zwischen der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel und der Oberseite (40a) der ersten Boje begrenzen, wenn die Oberseite der ersten Boje (1-1) gegen die bodenseitige Wand der Trommel gedrückt ist, und
    • wobei die obere rohrförmige Wand (1a) der zweiten Boje mit der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel eine zweite dichte Kammer (30), sogenannte Ventilkammer begrenzt, wenn eine Dichtung (100) am oberen Rand (1 b) der oberen rohrförmigen Wand der zweiten Boje an die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel, an deren Unterseite angelegt ist, und
    • eine Vielzahl von Verbindungsmitteln (20b, 21 b), wie Hubseilen, die an jeder Festmacherboje, vorzugsweise am oberen Rand (1 b) der oberen rohrförmigen Wand (1a) der zweiten Festmacherboje befestigt sind, wobei die Verbindungsmittel sich vorzugsweise innerhalb der Trommel unter dichtem Durchgreifen der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel erstrecken, und
    • wenigstens zwei Abzugsrohre (20c-1, 20c-2), die innerhalb der Trommel, von einer Ebene oberhalb der Wasserlinie (32) bis zur bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel, die sie im Bereich einer jeden der ersten bzw. zweiten Kammer (40, 30) dicht durchgreifen, vertikal verlaufen, und
    • Mittel zum Pumpen (22) von Wasser in jede der ersten bzw. zweiten Kammern (40, 30), wenn die erste bzw. zweite entsprechende Boje an die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel angelegt ist, und
    • das Eigengewicht der ersten Festmacherboje (1-1) und Verankerungsleinen (13) bzw. das Eigengewicht der zweiten Festmacherboje (1-2) und der ersten Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche (14) ist geringer als das Gewicht des Wasservolumens, das dem Volumen (Vi) der ersten oder zweiten Kammer, mit Vi = Six(H0-H2i) entspricht, wobei
    - H0 die Wasserhöhe der Wasserlinie ist,
    - H2i die Höhe des Teils der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel ist, der die erste Kammer (H2a) bzw. zweite Kammer (H2b) begrenzt, und
    - Si die Fläche des Querschnitts der ersten Kammer (Sa) bzw. der zweiten Kammer (Sb) ist,
    - i = a für die erste Boje und die erste Kammer und i = b für die zweite Boje und die zweite Kammer.
  2. Schwimmender Träger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vielzahl von Hubseilen sich von Winden (20a, 21 a) aus erstreckt, die vorzugsweise im Bereich des Decks des schwimmenden Trägers oder am höchsten Punkt der Trommel, oberhalb der Wasserlinie (32) angeordnet sind, wobei die Hubseile gegebenenfalls innerhalb einer Vielzahl von Abzugs- und Führungsrohren (20c-1, 20c-2) verlaufen, die sich innerhalb der Trommel von einer Ebene oberhalb der Wasserlinie bis zur bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel, die sie dicht durchgreifen, vertikal erstrecken.
  3. Schwimmender Träger nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für wenigstens eine der ersten oder zweiten Boje, vorzugsweise für jede der ersten oder zweiten Boje das Verbindungs-/Lösesystem wenigstens drei Seile (20b, 21 b) sowie wenigstens drei Führungsrohre (20c) umfaßt, die vorzugsweise zur Mitte der kreisförmigen bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel symmetrisch sowie vorzugsweise entlang und in der Nähe der Außenseite der rohrförmigen Struktur der Trommel für die erste Boje bzw. in der Nähe der Innenseite der rohrförmigen Struktur (2) der Trommel für die zweite Boje angeordnet sind, wobei die unteren Enden der Seile (20b, 21 b) im Bereich der Oberseite (50) der ersten Boje bzw. im Bereich des oberen Randes (1 b) der oberen rohrförmigen Wand (1 a) der zweiten Boje befestigt sind.
  4. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Durchmesser der Führungsrohre (20c-1, 20c-2) und die Eintauchtiefe des Teils der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel, auf dem die Führungsrohre aufliegen (H0-H2i), mit i = a oder b, derart sind, daß der Innenraum der Führungsrohre kleiner als 15 m3, vorzugsweise kleiner als 5 m3 ist, bei einer Höhe der eingetauchten Trommel innerhalb des Hohlraums (H0-H2) von wenigstens 20 m, insbesondere vorzugsweise zwischen 20 und 50 m.
  5. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere rohrförmige Wand (1a) der zweiten Boje (1-2) an ihrem unteren Ende eine bodenseitige Wand (30a), mit der sie dicht verbunden ist, aufweist, welche die bodenseitige Wand der Ventilkammer bildet, die die Ventile (8) und/oder Teile von automatischen Verbindern (7a) trägt, und die zweite Boje im unteren Teil einen Kasten (30b) umfaßt, der einen Schwimmer an der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand (30a) der Ventilkammer bildet.
  6. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er wenigstens eine Pumpe (22) umfaßt, die sich vorzugsweise im unteren Teil innerhalb der dichten rohrförmigen Struktur, welche die Trommel (2) bildet, befindet, wobei die Pumpe mit einer Saugleitung (22a), welche die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel dicht durchgreift, zusammenwirkt, wobei die Saugleitung bis in die Nähe der Wand jeder ersten oder zweiten Kammer (40-30) reicht, wenn die erste bzw. zweite Boje sich in der an die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel angelegten Position befindet, und wobei die Pumpe (22) mit einer Druckrohrleitung (22b) für eine jede der ersten oder zweiten Kammer (40, 30) zusammenwirkt, wobei jede Druckrohrleitung (22b) innerhalb des Hohlraums (4), vorzugsweise unter Durchgreifen der rohrförmigen Seitenwand der die Trommel bildenden dichten rohrförmigen Struktur (2), vorzugweise im unteren Teil der Trommel ausmündet.
  7. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel umfaßt:
    - einen vorzugsweise kreisförmigen mittleren Teil (2b1), der mit der rohrförmigen Seitenwand (2a) der Trommel innerhalb derer und oberhalb des unteren Endes (2c) der rohrförmigen Seitenwand dicht verbunden ist, sowie einen den mittleren Teil (2b1) umgebenden Umfangsteil (2b2), vorzugsweise einen ringförmigen Umfangsteil (2b2), der mit dem unteren Ende (2c) der rohrförmigen Seitenwand (2a) oder an der Außenseite der rohrförmigen Seitenwand der Trommel dicht verbunden bzw. angebracht ist, der gegenüber dem mittleren Teil (2b1) höhenmäßig derart nach unten versetzt ist, daß die unteren Enden der zweiten Verbindungsleitungen (14c), die vorzugsweise Verbinderteile (7b), an der Unterseite des mittleren Teils (2b1) der bodenseitigen Wand (2b), umfassen, oberhalb des unteren Endes (2c) der rohrförmigen Seitenwand der dichten rohrförmigen Struktur der Trommel (2) gelegen sind.
  8. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er lösbare mechanische Mittel zum Halten oder Sicherheitsverriegeln (101, 102) einer jeden der ersten und zweiten Festmacherbojen an der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel umfaßt.
  9. Schwimmender Träger nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine jede der ersten oder zweiten Festmacherboje Schutzanschläge oder -stopper (101, 101 a-101b) umfaßt, die das Zusammendrücken der Dichtung begrenzen und die die vertikale Lastübertragung zwischen der ersten oder zweiten Boje und der Trommel sicherstellen, wenn die erste oder zweite Boje an die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel angelegt ist, wobei die O-Ring-Dichtungen (100, 200a-200b) zwischen der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel und der ersten oder zweiten Festmacherboje zusammengedrückt sind, wobei der Schutzstopper (101 a-101b) geeignet ist, mit einem beweglichen, angelenkten Sicherheitsriegel (102), der mit der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel fest verbunden ist, zusammenzuwirken, derart, daß die erste oder zweite Festmacherboje (1) mit der Trommel fest verbunden wird, wenn der Sicherheitsriegel (102) unter dem Schutzstopper (101, 101 a-1 01 b) eingerastet ist.
  10. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die obere rohrförmige Wand der zweiten Boje (1-2) und/oder die rohrförmige Seitenwand (2a) der dichten rohrförmigen Struktur (2) der Trommel ein Füllventil (25-26) umfaßt (umfassen), das mit Füllrohrleitungen (25a-25b und 26a-26b) zusammenwirkt, die das Meerwasser und den Innenraum der Ventilkammer (30) in Verbindung bringen, und wobei vorzugsweise die rohrförmige Wand (1 a) der Ventilkammer (30) eine dichte Klappe (103) mit großer Abmessung umfaßt, die geeignet ist, ein gewissermaßen sofortiges Füllen der Ventilkammer mit dem Meerwasser zu ermöglichen, wenn die Klappe geöffnet wird.
  11. Schwimmender Träger nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel eine Klappe zur Inspektion (24, 24a) der Ventilkammer (30) umfaßt.
  12. Verfahren zum Einsatz eines schwimmenden Trägers nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, wobei das Verbinden einer ersten oder zweiten Boje an der Unterseite und an der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) einer Trommel vollzogen wird und die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden:
    a- eine erste oder zweite Boje, an der Verankerungsleinen (13) bzw. erste Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche (14) festgemacht sind, wird versenkt, und
    b- das untere Ende der Hubseile (20b, 21 b) wird an der ersten bzw. zweiten Boje festgehakt, wobei der schwimmende Träger derart positioniert wird, daß die erste bzw. zweite Boje im wesentlichen in der vertikalen Achse (ZZ') des Hohlraums ausgerichtet ist, und
    c- die Winden werden betätigt, um die erste oder zweite Festmacherboje soweit hochzuheben bis die Dichtungen für die erste Boje oder die Dichtung für die zweite Festmacherboje an der und unterseitig der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel anliegt (anliegen), wodurch eine mit Meerwasser gefüllte erste bzw. zweite Kammer (40, 30) gebildet wird, wobei die Führungsrohre (20c-1, 20c-2), die mit der ersten bzw. zweiten Kammer zusammenwirken, über eine Höhe H0, die im wesentlichen der Ebene der Oberfläche des Wassers der Wasserlinie (32) entspricht, ebenfalls mit Meerwasser gefüllt werden, und
    d- das Wasser wird mit Hilfe von Pumpmitteln (22) in die erste bzw. zweite Kammer (40, 30) gepumpt, bis der Pegel des Wassers in den Führungsrohren, die mit der ersten bzw. zweiten Kammer zusammenwirken, niedriger als die Höhe H1i, vorzugsweise niedriger als die bzw. gleich der Höhe H2i ist, wobei die Höhe H1i derart ist, daß der hydrostatische Auftrieb, der dem Gewicht des Wasservolumens V1i = Six(H0-H1i), mit i = a für die erste Boje und erste Kammer und i = b für die zweite Boje und zweite Kammer, entspricht, größer ist als das Gewicht des Ganzen aus erster Boje (1) und Verankerungsleinen (13) für die erste dichte Kammer bzw. das Gewicht des Ganzen aus zweiter Festmacherboje und Verbindungsleitungen (14) für die zweite dichte Kammer, und
    e- vorzugsweise wird die erste bzw. zweite Kammer (40, 30) vollständig geleert, die anschließend abgedichtet wird.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Entleeren der ersten oder zweiten Kammer (40, 30) die unteren Enden der Hubseile (20b, 21 b) von der ersten bzw. zweiten Festmacherboje gelöst werden und vorzugsweise mechanische Mittel zum Halten (101, 102) der ersten bzw. zweiten Festmacherboje verrastet werden, wodurch diese mit der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel fest verbunden wird (101, 102), vorzugsweise mit Hilfe eines angelenkten, beweglichen Sicherheitsriegels (102), der geeignet ist, mit Schutzstoppern (101, 101 a-101 b) zusammenzuwirken, die das Zerdrücken der Dichtungen (200a-200b) oder der Dichtung (100), welche zwischen der ersten bzw. zweiten Boje und der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand (2b) der Trommel zusammengedrückt ist, verhindern.
  14. Verfahren zum Einsatz eines schwimmenden Trägers, nach einem der Ansprüche 12 oder 13, wobei das Lösen einer mit einer Trommel (2) verbundenen ersten oder zweiten Boje (1) vollzogen wird, wobei die unteren Enden der Hubseile (20b) von der ersten oder zweiten Festmacherboje (1-1, 2-2) gelöst worden sind, umfassend die folgenden Schritte, wobei:
    a- Wasser in die erste bzw. zweite dichte Kammer (40, 30) eingelassen wird, so daß der Pegel des Wassers in den Führungsrohren (20c-1, 20c-2), die mit der ersten bzw. zweiten Kammer zusammenwirken, gerade bis oberhalb der Höhe H1i, mit i = a für die erste Kammer und i = b für die zweite Kammer, reicht, und,
    b- für das Lösen der zweiten Boje, die automatischen Verbinder (7) zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Verbindungsleitung (14, 14c) entriegelt werden und
    c- die mechanischen Haltemittel (101, 101 a-101b, 102) freigegeben werden, um die erste bzw. zweite Festmacherboje und die bodenseitige Wand (2b) der Trommel mechanisch voneinander zu trennen,
    d- das Füllen der mit der Kammer in Verbindung stehenden Führungsrohre beendet wird, was das Lösen der Boje bewirkt.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für das Lösen der zweiten Festmacherboje die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden, wobei:
    a- die ersten und zweiten Leitungen zur Verbindung von Grund und Oberfläche druckentlastet werden, und
    b- die zweite Kammer oder Ventilkammer (30) bis zur Höhe H2b der Unterseite der bodenseitigen Wand der Trommel gefüllt wird und das Füllen gestoppt wird, sobald die Ventilkammer (30) vollständig mit Wasser gefüllt ist, und
    c- die automatischen Verbinder (7) zwischen den ersten und zweiten Verbindungsleitungen (14, 14c) entriegelt werden,
    d- gegebenenfalls die mechanischen Sicherheitsriegel (102) entriegelt werden und
    e- das Füllen der Ventilkammer fortgesetzt wird, um das Füllen der Führungsrohre (20c-1, 20c-2) bis zu der Höhe H1b zu vollziehen.
  16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die folgenden Schritte durchgeführt werden, wobei:
    1) - die zweite Boje gegenüber der Trommel gelöst wird und gleichzeitig die erste Boje an der Trommel verbunden bleibt und,
    2) - die ersten Verbindungsleitungen an der zweiten Boje festgemacht lassend, die zweite Boje auf eine gewisse Eintauchtiefe unterhalb des schwimmenden Trägers abwärts bewegt wird.
EP09740502.1A 2008-09-05 2009-08-28 Schwimmender träger, der eine mit zwei bojen zur befestigung von spannseilen und rohren zur verbindung zwischen dem meeresboden und der oberfläche ausgestattete trommel umfasst Not-in-force EP2318267B1 (de)

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FR0855984A FR2935679B1 (fr) 2008-09-05 2008-09-05 Support flottant comprenant un touret equipe de deux bouees d'amarrage de lignes d'ancrage et de conduites de liaison fond/surface
PCT/FR2009/051641 WO2010026334A1 (fr) 2008-09-05 2009-08-28 Support flottant comprenant un touret equipe de deux bouees d'amarrage de lignes d'ancrage et de conduites de liaison fond/surface

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EP2318267A1 EP2318267A1 (de) 2011-05-11
EP2318267B1 true EP2318267B1 (de) 2014-01-01

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EP09740502.1A Not-in-force EP2318267B1 (de) 2008-09-05 2009-08-28 Schwimmender träger, der eine mit zwei bojen zur befestigung von spannseilen und rohren zur verbindung zwischen dem meeresboden und der oberfläche ausgestattete trommel umfasst

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US (1) US8449341B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2318267B1 (de)
KR (1) KR101448104B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2731070C (de)
DK (1) DK2318267T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2935679B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2485003C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2010026334A1 (de)

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KR101358140B1 (ko) * 2012-04-19 2014-02-10 삼성중공업 주식회사 해양구조물용 터릿 무어링 시스템
SE1250952A1 (sv) * 2012-08-24 2013-07-02 Förfarande för förankring av farkost samt anordning härför
WO2014125334A1 (en) * 2013-02-15 2014-08-21 Prysmian S.P.A. Method for installing of a wet mateable connection assembly for electrical and/or optical cables
FR3004693B1 (fr) * 2013-04-19 2015-05-15 Saipem Sa Support flottant ancre sur touret comprenant une conduite de guidage et de deport de conduite flexible au sein dudit touret
WO2014173456A1 (en) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Statoil Petroleum As Turret mooring
BR112015030236B1 (pt) * 2013-06-06 2021-10-05 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Método para avaliar um poço de águas profundas
CN103350741B (zh) * 2013-07-25 2015-09-09 浙江海洋学院 船舶引水梯的安全防护装置
KR101487999B1 (ko) * 2013-09-26 2015-02-06 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박의 터릿 계류 시스템
KR101475024B1 (ko) * 2013-10-11 2014-12-22 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박
KR101524431B1 (ko) * 2013-10-25 2015-05-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박
KR101581329B1 (ko) * 2014-02-05 2015-12-31 삼성중공업 주식회사 작동 유체 공급 장치
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010026334A1 (fr) 2010-03-11
FR2935679A1 (fr) 2010-03-12
CA2731070C (fr) 2014-08-12
CA2731070A1 (fr) 2010-03-11
DK2318267T3 (da) 2014-04-07
KR101448104B1 (ko) 2014-10-13
US8449341B2 (en) 2013-05-28
RU2485003C2 (ru) 2013-06-20
EP2318267A1 (de) 2011-05-11
KR20110070847A (ko) 2011-06-24
US20110130057A1 (en) 2011-06-02
FR2935679B1 (fr) 2010-09-24
RU2011101937A (ru) 2012-10-10

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