EP2125503B1 - Vorrichtung zum schneiden und öffnen/schliessen eines loches in eine wand auf dem meeresgrund - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum schneiden und öffnen/schliessen eines loches in eine wand auf dem meeresgrund Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2125503B1
EP2125503B1 EP20080762184 EP08762184A EP2125503B1 EP 2125503 B1 EP2125503 B1 EP 2125503B1 EP 20080762184 EP20080762184 EP 20080762184 EP 08762184 A EP08762184 A EP 08762184A EP 2125503 B1 EP2125503 B1 EP 2125503B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
orifice
wall
base
bottom wall
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080762184
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2125503A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Baylot
Robin Galletti
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2125503A1 publication Critical patent/EP2125503A1/de
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Publication of EP2125503B1 publication Critical patent/EP2125503B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/006—Emptying the contents of sunken, stranded, or disabled vessels, e.g. by engaging the vessel; Underwater collecting of buoyant contents, such as liquid, particulate or gaseous contents, escaping from sunken vessels, e.g. using funnels, or tents for recovery of escaping hydrocarbons
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/08—Underwater guide bases, e.g. drilling templates; Levelling thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
    • E21B43/0122—Collecting oil or the like from a submerged leakage
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/124—Underwater drilling with underwater tool drive prime mover, e.g. portable drilling rigs for use on underwater floors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/55—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool with work-engaging structure other than Tool or tool-support
    • Y10T408/554—Magnetic or suction means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for cutting a small orifice in a wall at the bottom of the sea and opening / closing said small orifice.
  • It may be, in particular, a wall, a ship stranded or a tank of a ship stranded on which one wishes to intervene.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for installing and anchoring a base on a wall at the bottom of the sea and then cutting said wall, in particular for passing and recovering a fluid through the orifice thus created. on said wall.
  • This method is particularly useful when it is desired to implement a process and an installation for the recovery of effluents at sea and more particularly polluting effluents contained in a cast and damaged ship resting at the bottom of the sea.
  • the ship During the sinking of cargo ships or tankers, the ship usually sinks after being deeply damaged and after losing part of its cargo.
  • the depth of water is important, for example 100 or 200 meters, the recovery of the wreck or its bailout, is generally not considered, but the hull must be completely emptied and rinsed, so that the corrosion of the structure over time, creating localized or generalized holes, does not lead to the release of the contents of the ship, creating a pollution that can last for years, even decades.
  • the shuttle tank To connect the shuttle tank to the wreck, it is possible to use existing orifices intended for example to take samples of cargo, or to use the manholes used for access to the tanks of the personnel of the ship. maintenance or inspection. But in fact, the wreck is usually broken and only exceptionally in horizontal position on the seabed. It often lies on the side or upside down and it is impossible to simply recover the cargo, and it is necessary to make penetrations of the hull which then allow to install and anchor a base on the wall to facilitate the sampling operations by ensuring optimal recovery of the highly polluting cargo or that allow to directly take the samples at the location of said holes.
  • hot-taps Multiple techniques have been developed in the context of pressurized pipes to make load taps, called "hot-taps". In such operations, a pressure pipe is pierced in a confined pressure-resistant environment, so that the pressurized fluid is not likely to escape during the entire operation.
  • Patents are known US 3,831,387 and EP 0 730 543 which describe the attachment of a module or base to a wreck by means of a drilling-tapping device. But in these systems, the anchored module on the wall is intended to evacuate the cargo of the wreckage to the surface by means of a pipe by pumping, so that the traction exerted on the module or base is relatively reduced.
  • the means for piercing the wall and anchoring it on the wall, for fixing said second module consist of a similar system of drill / tap as described in US 3,831,387 giving a limited holding force, especially in the case of wreckage in poor condition.
  • the diameter of the piercing of the shell to evacuate said cargo may be small diameter, for example from 100mm to 300mm, and the transfer lines to the surface of a similar diameter, coupled to pumping means, are then generally sufficient.
  • the stitching device must have a very large diameter of passage and the piercing machine of the shell must be able to drill a hole corresponding to said diameter of passage, that is to say 700 to 800mm or more. It must therefore be extremely powerful and be firmly attached to the hull to stay in place without moving or vibrate during the entire drilling phase.
  • the latter when filling the shuttle, the latter is positioned vertically from the opening of the shell, and is advantageously fixed by a cable to said stitching device, which represents a significant traction.
  • the shuttle when the shuttle is full, because of the density difference between seawater and crude oil, it exerts a vertical thrust that can reach 20 to 30 tons for a 300m 3 shuttle; this vertical thrust generates an upward vertical pull in said cable connected to said stitching device, as well as in the fastening means of said stitching device on the hull of the wreck.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide device and method for drilling and fixing a base on a wall at the bottom of the sea that are as mechanically reliable as those proposed in EP 1,568,600 , but simpler to implement and implement in the case of drilling a wall at the bottom of the sea and the recovery of fuel flowing through an orifice pierced with said device in a wall at the bottom of the sea.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid recovery system from the seabed without using pumping means. More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation for recovering the contents of the bunkers of a ship, for example a tanker, resting on the seabed, in significant water depths, especially higher at 3000 meters, or even up to 4000 to 5000 meters, and which do not have the disadvantages of the prior methods and devices and, in particular, which are more technically reliable, easier and easier to implement.
  • the device of the present invention allows, when said base is anchored to the bottom wall, after drilling a said first orifice and when moving said plug and said cutting means in said closed position or opening closing or, respectively, opening said first orifice, to allow or not a transfer of fluid through said first orifice, as explained below.
  • the device according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it can be assembled on the surface and down on site in a single descent operation with said base supporting said plugs and said wall cutting means, and said anchoring means integral with said base, and then anchored on said wall during and after the cutting operations of the wall.
  • said anchoring means integral with said base, and then anchored on said wall during and after the cutting operations of the wall.
  • the device according to the invention can be moved, if necessary, to drill another second said first orifice on the wall to continue the emptying of a partially emptied tank from a first said first orifice, without having to go up at the surface all or part of the device initially installed and anchored to the wall around a first said first orifice.
  • the base is generally fixed by means of drilling and screwing in the thickness of the steel wall of the wreck. This then makes it possible to crush a seal located on the underside of said base, and in a sufficiently energetic manner that the assembly has a correct seal between the large orifice of the base and the bottom wall and thus avoids the unwanted leakage of pollutant. In case of leakage, it is then sufficient to tighten said screws to further compress said seal.
  • the sealing functions of the large second orifice of the base and the anchoring of the base are dissociated. Thus, it is possible to use magnets as anchoring means.
  • magnets require first putting said magnets in contact with the steel wall, because the magnets have significant effects only if the iron is almost zero, the resistance to pulling resistance collapsing as soon as the space between the magnet and the wall, that is to say the gap, exceeds a few tenths of a millimeter, even a few millimeters.
  • a plug is provided deformable, in particular comprising a deformable seal, and cap deformation means independent of said anchoring means for creating a sealing chamber after the magnets have been activated in contact with the wall of the ship thus giving resistance to the maximum tearing off. Because the magnets do not have sufficient capacity to crush, remotely, by their own action before they are fixed on the wall, a seal on a height of 10-15 mm or more.
  • said deformation means of said plug are able to create a seal by deformation of said plug between said large second orifice and said bottom wall after said base is anchored to a said non-uniformly flat bottom wall because of the localized deformation of the latter or the presence of a weld seam.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that a device according to the invention can be relatively compact, so that it is possible to install several devices according to the invention, side by side on the same wall of a tank on the run, as explained below.
  • said base can be used to adapt any device extraction. More particularly, said base can itself be used for anchoring any device including a shuttle reservoir for collecting a fluid from a tank on the wall of which said base is anchored.
  • said base comprises a large cylindrical second central orifice with an axis in said longitudinal direction ZZ ', in particular at least 200 mm, more 300 to 800 mm in diameter, to make a small first hole corresponding in the wall of 100 to 500 mm, in particular from 200 to 300 mm diameter, for discharging a fluid from a tank on the wall of which said base is anchored.
  • the present invention is more particularly advantageous for producing said first circular orifices of 100 to 300 mm in diameter.
  • said cylindrical wall is connected to said plate by fastening means constituted by means of controlled separation of said cylindrical wall with respect to said plate adapted to move said cylindrical wall of said plate to allow the sealing of said cylindrical wall against said wall at the bottom of the sea, so as to create a sealed cylindrical chamber between said large second orifice and said bottom wall when said base is anchored to said bottom wall and said lid is in the closed position, adjusting the force of crushing of the cylindrical wall against the bottom wall and the compression of said elastomeric seals.
  • said spacing means comprise cylinders or bolts cooperating with screw threads of third orifices through said plate.
  • said anchoring means comprise magnet blocks.
  • said magnets make it possible to secure said plate with said bottom wall, said magnets then cooperating with said plate in three bearing points arranged triangularly around said large second orifice.
  • said magnets are arranged around said cylindrical wall and keep said plate at a distance from said bottom wall.
  • said magnets are secured to said bottom wall and when said cylindrical wall is integral with said plate in the underside thereof, said upper seal being compressed, then said lower elastomeric seal is somewhat apart or in contact with said wall bottom, and said spacing means controlled control the crushing force of the cylindrical wall against the bottom wall to create a sealed chamber between the bottom wall, the cylindrical wall and said tray surmounted said lid in the closed position.
  • the distance between the plate and the bottom wall is therefore slightly greater than the height of the cylindrical wall when the magnets are activated to secure the plate and the cylindrical wall of said bottom wall.
  • said first two magnets are directly integral with the plate in two different zones, while the two said second magnets are integral with said plate via the second end of said second linkage arm, that is to say one only one and same area of said plateau.
  • This system of four magnets cooperating at three points with said plate forms an isostatic system for fixing said plate on said bottom wall.
  • Buoyancy elements may be incorporated in the device for installing and anchoring a base according to the invention to control its buoyancy, especially during its descent to the seabed from the surface, to make it in equilibrium hydrostatic, but also at the time of approach and installation of the device according to the invention against the wall to be pierced.
  • This approach and this pose can be carried out with the aid of an external operator and, in particular, via a ROV, in particular if it is necessary to incline the device according to the invention for its anchoring on a strongly inclined wall, or on a vertical wall.
  • a base according to the invention can be placed directly without the aid of outside operator.
  • said wall can be inclined as far as it is possible to lay said base sufficiently stable to allow its anchoring.
  • all or part of said cutting means, said means for anchoring the base, said fixing means of said cylindrical wall on said plate and said tilting means of said cover are actuable by an ROV.
  • step 2a a cannula extending to the vicinity of the bottom of the tank is introduced, said cannula being provided with a valve close to its upper end, as well as, preferably, a safety valve to prevent any overpressure in the tank, said hard-sliding cannula inside a connecting piece, the latter allowing a sealed connection of said cannula with the second said first orifice; .
  • the figure 1 is a side view of a ship wreck containing pollutants, such as heavy fuel oil 8, stored in tanks 9 of said vessel, two devices 1 according to the invention allowed to drill the hull in 2 places. These devices comprise a tilting lid shown in the open position, but for closing the orifice.
  • a shuttle tank 10 of 150 m3 is positioned vertically to a first said device 1 according to the invention and receives the pollutant 8 which escapes from said tank and moves vertically upwards at low speed, because of its density which remains lower than the density of the sea water.
  • a valve 10e isolates a connecting pipe (not shown) for connecting, when the shuttle is near the surface of the water, a drain hose to transfer, preferably with the help pump, the contents of the shuttle to a storage vessel, such as a tanker.
  • Said shuttle reservoir 10 comprises a flexible or rigid main envelope 10a with a cylindrical peripheral wall surmounted by a rigid dome 10b having a profile in the form of a shell in vertical section, said dome preferably containing buoyancy elements 10c such as foam syntactical control to control its empty descent and its rise to the surface under the simple action of buoyancy, preferably shifting the center of buoyancy of said shuttle tank filled with fluid upwards relative to its apparent center of gravity in the water.
  • buoyancy elements 10c such as foam syntactical control to control its empty descent and its rise to the surface under the simple action of buoyancy, preferably shifting the center of buoyancy of said shuttle tank filled with fluid upwards relative to its apparent center of gravity in the water.
  • FIGS. 2A and2B represent a cutting device according to the invention consisting of a main plate 3-3 having a substantially central orifice 2-1.
  • the cover plate 3-2 supports circular cutting means 4 comprising a hole saw or trephine 4-1 mounted on the underside of said cover and a jack 4-3 and a motor 4-2 mounted on said lid.
  • Said jack 4-3 makes it possible to actuate a rod which slides the hole saw 4-1 and the motor 4-2 in translation relative to the lid 3-2, through said large second orifice in the axial direction ZZ 'of said large second orifice.
  • the motor 4-2 makes it possible to actuate the bell saw in rotation along the same axis of rotation ZZ '.
  • the cover plate 3-2 and the cutting means 4 are pivotally driven together by tilting means 3-5 comprising a connecting element 3-5a whose one end is articulated in rotation along an axis parallel to said cover 3- 2 at the stirrups 3-5b resting on the tray 3-3 and whose other end is secured to said cover via an upper structure enclosing said motor 4-2 and to which said cylinder 4-3 d ' actuation in translation of the motor 4-2 is integral.
  • the spacing means 3-4 and seals 3-1a and 3-1b make it possible to seal said cylindrical wall 3-1 against said wall at the bottom of the sea 6, so as to define a said cylindrical chamber sealed when said lid 3 is in the closed position even in case of deformation of the bottom wall at this level, or the presence of weld beads.
  • the cylindrical wall 3-1 may consist of a portion of thick tube 3-1 actuated in translation by three hydraulic 3-4 hydraulic jacks or synchronized, so that the lower edge of the 3-1c tube comes to be pressed on the tank wall, by crushing the second flexible elastomer seal 3-1b, the latter then sealing the chamber even in the weld or irregularity areas of the wall, the maximum irregularity being of the order of 10-15mm.
  • the tube 3-1c is in the low position, the first flexible elastomer seal 3-1a expands and continues to seal at the main tray 3-3.
  • the plate 3-3 cooperates with anchoring means 5 comprising magnets 5-1, 5-2, integral with said plate 3-3, and able to anchor said base reversibly on said wall 6.
  • magnets 5-1, 5-2 are arranged around said cylindrical wall 3-1 rectangularly, two first magnets 5-1 are mounted integral on the underside of said plate 3-3 and on the same side of said rectangle, and two seconds 5-2 magnets are disposed outside said tray 3-3, connected to each other by a connecting arm 5-3 articulated in rotation about a median transverse axis materialized by at least a first end 5 -4a of a second connecting arm 5-4 integral with said plate.
  • These four magnets thus cooperate in three points of support with said plate arranged triangularly around said large second orifice 2-1 to form an isostatic system for fixing said plate on said advantageous bottom wall in case of deformation of the bottom wall.
  • Said magnets are magnetically activatable by actuating a lever 5-6 with cylinders 5-5 and are permanently secured to said plate 3-3 and with the wall 6 in a reversible manner.
  • the high-capacity 5-1 and 5-2 magnet blocks each actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 5-5 acting on a lever 5-6, are known to those skilled in the art. . They generally include a lever operated by hand, which allows to position magnetic parts on machines for their machining. The best performing magnets have pulling capacities of 500 to 750 kg or more when applied to flat magnetic surfaces that are properly brushed and free of paint.
  • the height of the magnet blocks 5-1 and 5-2 and therefore the distance between the plate and the bottom wall when the magnets are activated and secured to the wall 6, are slightly greater than the height of the cylindrical wall for allow to adjust the compression of the lower seal and thus the pressure of the cylindrical wall 3-1 against the wall as explained above. It is thus possible, by actuating said spacing means, to control the crushing force of the cylindrical wall against the bottom wall to be pierced, as a function of the regularities of the wall.
  • An ROV 7 powered and driven from the surface 12 by a link 7-1 allows to actuate an articulated arm 7-2 and to control and actuate, if necessary, via a power supply link 7-3, the following elements: the motor 4-2 and cylinder 4-3 of said cutting means 4, the cylinders 5-5 of said anchoring means of the base 5, the cylinders 3-4 of said fixing means and spacing said cylindrical wall on said tray and said tilting means 3-5 of said lid.
  • the arm 7-2 of the ROV cooperates with a ring 3-2b of the cover to tilt or rotate.
  • the cutting tool 4 or core drill comprises a motor 4-2, preferably hydraulic, the power being then provided by the ROV, via a hydraulic hose 7-3 return, said motorization 4- 2 can move up and down along the vertical axis ZZ ', the descent being ensured, for example, by a hydraulic cylinder 4-3 also actuated by the ROV, thus driven from the surface by the operator.
  • the bell saw 4-1 is installed on the motor shaft and comprises at its center a pilot drill 4-1a.
  • said cover has on its underside a seal 3-2a, preferably elastomer, which, when said lid rests on the main tray 3-3, seals total of the room circular, thus preventing any leakage of the pollutant fluid at the plateau junction 3-3 / lid 3-2 around the large orifice 2-1.
  • a seal 3-2a preferably elastomer
  • the centering drill 4-1a passes through the sheet of the wall 6 of the tank 9 and the power supplied by the motor 4-2 remains low.
  • the bit 4-1 attacks the sheet, the necessary power becomes considerable, and even in case of surface irregularity, created for example by a thick weld bead, the bit 4-1 remains centered.
  • the unscrewing washer 1-2 either falls to the bottom 6-1 of the tank, or remains stuck between the center drill and the hole saw.
  • the motorization and the hole saw are then raised in maximum translation as detailed on the figure 2E .
  • the polluting fluid invests the entire sealed chamber and the device is ready to perform the loading of the shuttle, as described below.
  • the motor, the drill bit and, optionally, the disconnection plate washer 1-2 remained stuck, remain integral with the cover 3-2.
  • the shuttle 10 is then positioned vertically of the device as shown in FIG. figure 1 , and the lid is tilted by means of the hydraulic arm 7-2 of the ROV, as detailed on the Figure 2B .
  • the cover is simply lowered and the assembly remains sealed under the simple weight of said cover.
  • the shuttle 10 is then raised to the surface, as explained with regard to Figures 4-4B .
  • the assembly is stabilized, then divers come to connect a hose on the top of the shuttle to transfer, preferably by means of a pump, the pollutant fluid to the bunkers of a tanker located in the immediate vicinity of the shuttle. After draining, the shuttle descended to the tank 9 for a new cycle of loading and rising to the surface, until the tank is completely empty.
  • the trephine 4-1 is provided, at 3 cm from its lower end, with a protrusion acting as retaining means 4-1b of the bit. It may be for example an overmolding elastomer, or a rubber elastic tightly tightened on the outside of said bit.
  • the motor 4-2 is retracted in translation upwards, but the bit 4-1 is previously disconnected by releasing a lock, no shown, which held it at the end of the spline shaft 4-1c of said engine, as shown in FIG. figure 3B .
  • the lid can then be raised by pivoting as detailed on the figure 3E , and the bit then seals the orifice by the fact that the own weight of the bit is greater than the upward thrust exerted by the polluting fluid on the section of said bit, and that the elastic 4-1b the keep from falling into the tank 9.
  • a cannula 14 is introduced extending to the vicinity of the bottom 6-1 of the tank 9, said cannula being provided with a valve 15 close to its upper end, as well as, preferably, a safety valve 16 to prevent overpressure in the tank, said hard-sliding cannula inside a connecting piece 17, the latter allowing a sealed connection of said cannula with the second said first orifice.
  • Said connecting piece 17 is at least partly in the form of a funnel and said cannula 14 is forced into said funnel, said cutting means 4-1 blocking said first orifice by means of retaining means 4 -1b, until said connecting piece 17 is in leaktight connection with the second said second large orifice, then, by forcing said cannula and said funnel against said cutting means until said retaining means 4-1b of said cutting means drop said cutting means into the tank, said cannula is slidable with respect to said connecting piece 17 until the lower end of said cannula comes close to rest on the bottom of the tank, then opens said upper valve which was, until then, in the closed position.
  • An injection cannula 14 has been prepared, shown on the figures 3D-3E , of greater length of about 1m to the total height of the tank 9 to empty.
  • the cannula 14 consists of a bevelled tube 14-1 at its lower part and provided at its upper part with a valve 15 and a flange 14-2.
  • On the side is advantageously installed a safety valve 16 so as to avoid overpressure in the tank.
  • Said cannula slides with hard friction inside a connecting piece 17 comprising a funnel-shaped part, provided with on its conical portion of a 17-1 elastomer cone 10 mm thick, integral with the latter. The cannula is forced into said funnel without the lower bevel 14-1 of the cannula protruding from said funnel, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3E The injection cannula 14 provided with its funnel 17 is lowered from the surface 12 and the assembly is manipulated using the ROV, and the assembly above the bit 4-1 is presented in a vertical position. Finally, the entire cannula / funnel, which by its own weight drives said bit, which is then found at the bottom 6-1 of the tank, and the rubber strap 4-1b. Finally, the cannula is slid until its lower beveled end 14-1 rests on the bottom of the vessel of the wreck. Throughout this operation, the upper valve is in the closed position, but it will be opened by the ROV as soon as the shuttle loading operations start. Thus, the arrival of seawater will be at the bottom of the tank and will not interfere with the transfer of polluting fluid.
  • the upper flange 14-2 at the top of the cannula advantageously makes it possible to connect a seawater injection pump, not shown, actuated by the ROV and intended to accelerate the process of transfer of polluting fluid, especially in the case of fluids with high viscosity.
  • the relief valve 16 makes it possible to avoid any undesirable overpressure in the tank.
  • the figure 4 illustrates a preferred version of the invention, in which the raising of the shuttle tank 10 is controlled by a stabilizing device 11 comprising a connecting cable 11-1, a portion of its lower part being weighed down, for example by metal blocks 11 -2 secured to said cable 11-1 by crimping 11-2a in strand like beads on a cable.
  • a stabilizing device 11 comprising a connecting cable 11-1, a portion of its lower part being weighed down, for example by metal blocks 11 -2 secured to said cable 11-1 by crimping 11-2a in strand like beads on a cable.
  • a stabilizing device 11 comprising at least one cable or link chain 11-1. extending from the surface, preferably from a surface vessel, to said shuttle tank 10, where appropriate, to which its end is connected, said cable or said link chain 11-1 comprising a lower portion weighted, preferably by blocks 11-2 arranged in a string along said second cable or by large links heavier of said chain, so that the weight of the length of said lower portion of said cable or chain hanging below its connection point 10d to said shuttle reservoir 10, can be adjusted from the surface, preferably to the using a winch located aboard a surface vessel and on which the upper end of said cable or chain is unrolled or wound up, so as to control the speed of descent or ascent of said shuttle tank 10 optionally.
  • the lower portion is heavy, preferably by blocks 11-1 arranged in a string along said cable or by larger heavy links of said chain, so that the weight of the length of said lower portion of said (e) cable or chain hanging below its point of connection 10d to said shuttle tank 10, can be adjusted from the surface, preferably by means of a winch located on board a ship on the surface and on which the upper end of said cable or said chain is unwound or wound, so as to control the rate of descent or respectively upward of said upper structure 4 or said shuttle tank 10 if necessary.
  • Said blocks 11-2 of said cable or large heavy links of said link chain, in said lower portion of said cable 11-1 or chain have a shape such that when said cable or said chain is bent, two adjacent blocks or two adjacent heavy links abut against each other thus limiting the local radius of curvature of said cable or said chain.
  • the shuttle reservoir 10 is held close to the base 2 by means of anchoring means comprising at least one anchoring cable 13 in crow's feet connected to a first attachment point 10d fixed on the lower part of said reservoir and at least one second anchor point 13-1 on said wall 6.
  • an automatic disconnection step is performed for said anchoring means, which is preferably performed automatically when the shuttle tank has reached a predetermined filling level, especially when the tank is full or almost full.
  • At least one said anchoring cable 13 cooperates with a first automatic disconnection device on which is exerted a traction corresponding to the buoyancy force exerted on said shuttle tank and its cargo, traction transmitted by said anchoring cable, said disconnecting device having the effect of causing disconnection of said anchoring cable by detaching said anchoring cable 13 from said base 2 or by breaking said anchoring cable, and to authorize the ascent at least partially of said shuttle reservoir when this traction reaches a first determined threshold value, preferably when said shuttle tank is filled with effluents.
  • the operator at the surface is thus informed, via a camera embedded in the ROV, of the end of the filling, and the ROV can release the cable 13, which allows the tank to be raised to the surface by perfectly controlling said ascent thanks to the chain system 11.
  • These blocks 11-1 have a central cylindrical prismatic body or of revolution and frustoconical ends 11-2b such that, when the cable is bent, said frustoconical ends of the two adjacent blocks then abut one against the other , thus limiting the local radius of curvature to a value greater than R0.
  • the connecting cable 11-1 being hooked to the shuttle reservoir 10 on said first attachment point 10d in the lower part of the tank 10, descends downwards and then departs in an arc of radius R0, to finally rise vertically or in chain configuration at a distance of at least about 2% from the side wall of said shuttle tank, thereby avoiding any mechanical contact during the ascent, which avoids damage by friction.
  • the buoyancy of the hydrocarbon filled shuttle tank Fv which corresponds to the buoyancy force acting on the tank and its cargo, is compensated by the weight of the cable to the point of horizontal tangency corresponding to block 11-2i , added the weight of the blocks 11-2g between the reservoir and the block 11-2i the lowest, ie 8.5 blocks on the figure 4 the weight of the set Pe then corresponds to a system equilibrium.
  • the shuttle tank 10 with a volume of 250 m3 of a petroleum having a density of 1011 kg / m3 in a seawater at 3 ° C of a density of 1045 kg / m3 has a buoyancy of 8.5 tons.
  • Each of the blocks of the balancing device 11 then has a weight in the water of about 1 ton.
  • the stabilizing device 11 has a stabilizing effect for the raising of the shuttle tank 10.
  • the surface vessel moves excessively under the effect of the swell or deviates from the vertical position of the shuttle tank, the movements have instant effect only on the zone of the blocks surrounding the blocks 11-2g to 11-2k, the block 11-2i corresponding to the average value of the oscillations.
  • the shuttle 10 is always in a safe situation, because there is no direct physical link, that is to say, in a tight line, such as a cable or a pipe, between the surface vessel and the wreck lying at the bottom of the sea.
  • the sealed chamber between the cover 3-2 and the bottom wall 6 has been described as consisting inter alia with a cylindrical wall 3-1 equipped with seals 3-1a, 3-1b, but it remains in the spirit of the invention, if this seal is obtained by any other means, such as for example an inflatable rubber torus provided with an inflation orifice, said torus then taking the place of said wall and cylindrical joints and in the same way ensuring the tightness of the chamber.
  • any other means such as for example an inflatable rubber torus provided with an inflation orifice
  • the magnets 5-1 are actuated by hydraulic cylinders 5-5 powered and driven by the ROV 7, but they can equally well be actuated one by one, directly by the manipulator arm 7-2 of said ROV.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Vorrichtung (1) zum Schneiden einer kleinen ersten Öffnung (1-1) in eine Wand (6) auf dem Meeresboden und zum Öffnen/Schließen der ersten Öffnung, welche ein Unterteil (2) umfaßt, das eine große zweite Öffnung (2-1) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie umfaßt:
    - Verankerungsmittel (5), die mit dem Unterteil fest verbunden sind und geeignet sind, das Unterteil auf eine reversible Weise an der Wand (6) zu verankern und dabei die große zweite Öffnung in einem Abstand von der Bodenwand zu halten,
    - einen verformbaren Stopfen (3), der mit dem Unterteil fest verbunden ist und es ermöglicht, die große zweite Öffnung entsprechend der Öffnungsposition bzw. Schließposition des Stopfens an dem Unterteil zu öffnen oder zu schließen,
    - Mittel zur Verformung des Stopfens, die mit dem Unterteil fest verbunden sind, von den Verankerungsmitteln unabhängig sind und geeignet sind, durch Verformung des Stopfens eine Dichtigkeit zwischen der großen zweiten Öffnung und der Bodenwand zu bewirken, nachdem das Unterteil auf der Bodenwand (6) verankert worden ist, und
    - Mittel zum kreisförmigen Schneiden (4), die mit dem Unterteil fest verbunden sind und geeignet sind,
    • sich in der großen zweiten Öffnung (2-1) des Unterteils zu bewegen, um eine besagte kreisförmige kleine erste Öffnung unter der großen zweiten Öffnung zu schneiden, wenn der Stopfen sich in der Schließposition befindet und das Unterteil auf der Bodenwand (6) verankert ist, und
    • sich von der großen zweiten Öffnung zu lösen, um das Öffnen der ersten Öffnung zu ermöglichen, wenn der Stopfen sich in der Öffnungsposition befindet.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zur Verformung des Stopfens geeignet sind, durch Verformung des Stopfens eine Dichtigkeit zwischen der großen zweiten Öffnung und der Bodenwand zu bewirken, nachdem das Unterteil an einer Bodenwand (6) verankert worden ist, die aufgrund der lokalen Verformung derselben oder des Vorhandenseins einer Schweißraupe nicht gleichmäßig eben ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - das Unterteil ein Plateau (3-3) umfaßt, das eine besagte große zweite Öffnung (2-1) umfaßt, und
    - der Stopfen umfaßt
    • eine zylindrische Wand (3-1), die eine besagte zylindrische Kammer definiert, die axial (ZZ') bezüglich der großen zweiten Öffnung an der Unterseite des Plateaus angeordnet ist, wobei die zylindrische Wand eine obere Elastomerdichtung (3-1 a) an ihrem oberen Rand (3-1 d), die geeignet ist, die Dichtigkeit zwischen dem Plateau (3-3) und der zylindrischen Wand (3-1) zu bewirken, und eine untere Elastomerdichtung (3-1 b) an ihrem unteren Rand (3-1 c), die geeignet ist, die Dichtigkeit zwischen der zylindrischen Wand (3-1) und der Bodenwand (6) zu bewirken, umfaßt, und
    • eine einen Deckel (3-2) bildende Platte und Mittel zum Kippen (3-5) des Deckels, die an dem Plateau (3-3) angebracht sind, wobei das Kippen des Deckels ermöglicht, die große zweite Öffnung (2-1) dicht zu verschließen, und
    - die Mittel zum Schneiden (4) fest mit dem Deckel (3-2) verbunden sind und eine Glocken- oder Lochsäge (4-1), die an der Unterseite des Deckels angebracht ist, und einen an dem Deckel angebrachten Motor (4-3), der es ermöglicht, die Glocken- oder Lochsäge (4-1) in der axialen Richtung (ZZ') der großen zweiten Öffnung gleiten zu lassen (4-2) und bezüglich derselben Achse (ZZ') in Rotation zu versetzen (4-3), umfassen.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zylindrische Wand (3-1) mit dem Plateau (3-3) durch Befestigungsmittel (3-4) verbunden ist, die aus Mitteln zum kontrollierten Wegbewegen (3-4) der zylindrischen Wand bezüglich des Plateaus bestehen, die geeignet sind, die zylindrische Wand (3-1) von dem Plateau (3-3) weg zu bewegen, um zu ermöglichen, die zylindrische Wand (3-1) an der Wand auf dem Meeresboden (6) dicht zur Anlage zu bringen, derart, daß eine dichte zylindrische Kammer zwischen der großen zweiten Öffnung und der Bodenwand erzeugt wird, wenn das Unterteil auf der Bodenwand verankert ist und der Deckel (3) sich in der Schließposition befindet, indem die Andrückkraft der zylindrischen Wand (3-1) an die Bodenwand (6) und das Zusammendrücken der Elastomerdichtungen angepaßt werden.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - die Befestigungsmittel (3-4) aus Mitteln zum kontrollierten Wegbewegen (3-4) der zylindrischen Wand bezüglich des Plateaus bestehen, die an 3 Punkten angebracht sind und wirken, welche dreieckförmig um die große zweite Öffnung herum angeordnet sind,
    - wobei die Mittel zum Wegbewegen (3-4) geeignet sind, mit den Elastomerdichtungen zusammenzuwirken, indem sie die Andrückkraft der zylindrischen Wand (3-1) an die Bodenwand (6) anpassen, um eine dichte Kammer zwischen der Bodenwand (6), der zylindrischen Wand (3-1) und dem in der Schließposition von dem Deckel (3-2) bedeckten Plateau (3-3) zu erzeugen, derart, daß:
    • in der nahen Anfangsposition die obere Elastomerdichtung (3-1 a) zusammengedrückt ist, und
    • in der Endposition der Wegbewegung der zylindrischen Wand bezüglich des Plateaus die obere Elastomerdichtung (3-1 a) ausgedehnt ist, wobei sie gleichzeitig eine dichte Verbindung der zylindrischen Wand mit dem Plateau aufrechterhält, und die untere Elastomerdichtung (3-1 b) zusammengedrückt ist, wobei sich die zylindrische Wand in dichter Verbindung mit der Bodenwand (6) befindet.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mittel zum Wegbewegen (3-4) Spindeln oder Bolzen umfassen, die mit Gewinden von durch das Plateau (3-3) hindurch angebrachten dritten Öffnungen (2-2) zusammenwirken.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verankerungsmittel Magnetblöcke (5-1, 5-2) umfassen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Magnete es ermöglichen, das Plateau (3-3) fest mit der Bodenwand (6) zu verbinden, wobei die Magnete dann mit dem Plateau an drei Abstützpunkten zusammenwirken, die dreieckförmig um die große zweite Öffnung (2-1) herum angeordnet sind.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6 und einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Magnete um die zylindrische Wand (3-1) herum angeordnet sind.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie vier Magnete (5-1, 5-2) umfaßt, die in Form eines Rechtecks angeordnet sind und mit dem Plateau (3-3) in drei Bereichen zusammenwirken:
    - zwei erste Magnete (5-1), die fest an der Unterseite des Plateaus (3-2) angebracht sind, auf ein und derselben Seite des Rechtecks, und
    - zwei zweite Magnete (5-2), die außerhalb des Plateaus (3-2) angeordnet sind und durch einen Verbindungsarm (5-3) miteinander verbunden sind, der drehbar um eine mittlere Querachse angelenkt ist, die durch mindestens ein erstes Ende (5-4a) eines zweiten Verbindungsarms (5-4), der mit dem Plateau fest verbunden ist, verkörpert wird,
    - wobei die Magnete durch Betätigung (5-5) eines Hebels (5-6) aktivierbar sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gesamtheit oder ein Teil der Mittel zum Schneiden (4), der Verankerungsmittel (5) des Unterteils, der Befestigungsmittel (3-4) zur Befestigung der zylindrischen Wand an dem Plateau und der Mittel zum Kippen (3-5) des Deckels durch einen Unterwasserroboter (Remotely Operated Vehicle, ROV) (7) betätigt werden können.
  12. Verfahren zur Anbringung und Verankerung eines Unterteils an einer im wesentlichen horizontalen Wand auf dem Meeresboden und zum Schneiden einer Öffnung in eine solche Bodenwand (6) mit Hilfe einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nacheinander die folgenden Schritte ausgeführt werden:
    1 - von der Oberfläche aus wird eine besagte Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 abgesenkt, wobei sich der Stopfen (3) in der Position des Verschließens der großen zweiten Öffnung befindet, und
    2 - das Unterteil (2) wird auf der Bodenwand (6) verankert, und
    3 - der Stopfen wird so verformt, daß durch Verformung des Stopfens eine Dichtigkeit zwischen der großen zweiten Öffnung und der Bodenwand bewirkt wird, nachdem das Unterteil auf der Bodenwand (6) verankert worden ist, und
    4 - die Mittel zum Schneiden (4) werden so betätigt, daß sie ein Gleiten in Längsrichtung (ZZ') zu der Bodenwand (6) hin und eine Rotation ausführen, um eine besagte erste Öffnung (1-1) in der Wand auszuschneiden, wenn sich der Stopfen (3) in der Schließposition befindet.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach dem Schneiden der folgende weitere Schritt ausgeführt wird:
    5 - die Mittel zum Schneiden werden so betätigt, daß sie ein Gleiten in Längsrichtung (ZZ') in umgekehrter Richtung ausführen, wobei gegebenenfalls die zylindrische Wand (3-1) in dichter Verbindung an die Bodenwand angepreßt gehalten wird, wobei sich der Stopfen nach wie vor in der Position des Verschließens der großen zweiten Öffnung befindet.
  14. Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung eines viskosen Fluids wie etwa einer umweltschädlichen Abfallflüssigkeit, die leichter als Wasser ist und die in einem Tank eines gesunkenen und/oder beschädigten Schiffes enthalten ist, das auf dem Meeresboden ruht, wobei:
    1 - ein Verfahren zur Anbringung und Verankerung eines Unterteils und zum Durchbohren der Wand des Tanks gemäß einem Verfahren zur Anbringung und Verankerung eines Unterteils an einer Bodenwand und zum Aufschneiden der Bodenwand nach Anspruch 13 durchgeführt wird, und
    2 - ein sogenannter Pendelbehälter (10) von der Oberfläche (14) aus bis über das Unterteil (2) abgesenkt wird, und
    3 - der Pendelbehälter auf der Bodenwand (6) oder auf dem Unterteil verankert wird (13), derart, daß die untere Öffnung (10-1) des Pendelbehälters in der Nähe und oberhalb der großen zweiten Öffnung (2-1) des Unterteils positioniert ist, und
    4 - die große zweite Öffnung (2-1) des Unterteils geöffnet wird, mit dem Stopfen in der Öffnungsposition, und das in dem Tank enthaltene Fluid auf natürliche Weise durch die untere Öffnung (10-1) des Pendelbehälters hindurch in den Pendelbehälter strömen gelassen wird, und
    5 - wenn der Pendelbehälter mit Fluid gefüllt ist, der Pendelbehälter wieder hinauf an die Oberfläche transportiert wird, nachdem die erste kleine Öffnung (1-1) und die große zweite Öffnung (2-1) des Unterteils mit Hilfe des Stopfens (3) in der Schließposition wieder verschlossen wurden, und
    6 - der mit Fluid gefüllte Pendelbehälter in einem Schiff an der Oberfläche gelagert wird und/oder der Pendelbehälter in das Schiff entleert wird und/oder derselbe an einen Ort transportiert wird, um dort entleert zu werden, und
    7 - gegebenenfalls die Schritte 1 bis 6 mit demselben Pendelbehälter oder einem anderen Pendelbehälter so lange wiederholt werden, bis die gewünschte Menge zurückgewonnen wurde, wobei die Mittel zum Schneiden und der Stopfen stets mit dem Unterteil, das auf der Bodenwand verankert ist, fest verbunden bleiben.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die folgenden zusätzlichen Schritte ausgeführt werden:
    1a - es wird ein Verfahren zur Anbringung und Verankerung eines Unterteils und Aufschneiden der Bodenwand (6) ein und desselben Tanks (9) mit Hilfe einer zweiten Vorrichtung (1) zur Verankerung eines Unterteils und Aufschneiden einer Wand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 durchgeführt, und es wird eine zweite besagte erste Öffnung, vorzugsweise in dieselbe Wand wie die erste besagte erste Öffnung, gemäß einem Verfahren nach Anspruch 12 geschnitten, danach
    2a -wird die große zweite Öffnung des Unterteils der zweiten Vorrichtung geöffnet, und es werden in die zweite besagte erste Öffnung der durchbohrten Bodenwand Mittel (14-17) eingeführt, die es ermöglichen, in dem Maße, wie das viskose Fluid aus dem Tank durch die erste besagte erste Öffnung (1-1) hindurch zu dem Pendelbehälter strömt, Meerwasser am Boden des Tanks einzuleiten.
  16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Schritt 2a eine Kanüle (14) eingeführt wird, die sich bis in die Nähe des Bodens (6-1) des Tanks (9) erstreckt, wobei die Kanüle in der Nähe ihres oberen Endes mit einem Ventil (15) sowie vorzugsweise mit einem Sicherheitsventil (16), das es ermöglicht, jeden Überdruck in dem Takt zu vermeiden, ausgestattet ist, wobei die Kanüle mit hoher Reibung im Inneren eines Anschlußstückes (17) gleitet, wobei dieses eine dichte Verbindung der Kanüle mit der zweiten besagten ersten Öffnung ermöglicht.
  17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - nach dem Schritt 1a des Schneidens einer zweiten besagten ersten Öffnung in die Bodenwand die Mittel zum Schneiden (4) der zweiten Vorrichtung an ihrem Platz auf der Bodenwand belassen werden, derart, daß die zweite besagte erste Öffnung (2-1) durch diese Mittel zum Schneiden geschlossen gehalten wird, welche diese erste Öffnung mit Hilfe von Haltemitteln (4-1 b) verschließen, und danach
    - im Schritt 2a das Anschlußstück (17) mindestens teilweise trichterförmig ist und die Kanüle (14) unter Kraftanwendung so weit ins Innere dieses Trichters eingeführt wird, bis sich das Anschlußstück (17) in dichter Verbindung mit der zweiten besagten großen zweiten Öffnung befindet, danach ein Gleiten der Kanüle bezüglich des Anschlußstückes(17) bewirkt wird, indem die Kanüle unter Kraftanwendung gegen die Mittel zum Schneiden gedrückt wird, bis die Haltemittel (4-1 b) nachgeben und die Mittel zum Schneiden in den Tank fallen lassen, danach ein weiteres Gleiten der Kanüle bewirkt wird, bis das untere Ende der Kanüle in die Nähe des Bodens des Tanks gelangt oder auf diesem ruht, und danach das obere Ventil geöffnet wird, welches sich bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt in geschlossener Position befand.
  18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Pendelbehälter (10) umfaßt:
    eine flexible oder starre Haupthülle (10a) mit zylindrischer Umfangswand, über der eine starre Kuppel (10b) angebracht ist, die ein im vertikalen Schnitt granatenförmiges Profil aufweist, wobei die Kuppel vorzugsweise Auftriebselemente (10c) wie etwa syntaktischen Schaumstoff umschließt, die es ermöglichen, die Aufwärtsbewegung des Pendelbehälters an die Oberfläche unter der einfachen Wirkung des Archimedischen Auftriebs zu steuern, indem vorzugsweise der Auftriebsschwerpunkt des mit Fluid gefüllten Pendelbehälters in Bezug auf seinen scheinbaren Schwerpunkt im Wasser nach oben verlagert wird.
  19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß gegebenenfalls die Geschwindigkeit des Absenkens eines besagten Pendelbehälters (10) oder gegebenenfalls der Aufwärtsbewegung des Pendelbehälters (10) mit einer Stabilisierungsvorrichtung (11) gesteuert wird, welche mindestens ein Verbindungskabel oder eine Verbindungskette (11-1) umfaßt, das bzw. die sich von der Oberfläche aus, vorzugsweise von einem Schiff an der Oberfläche aus, gegebenenfalls bis zu dem Pendelbehälter (10) erstreckt, mit dem sein bzw. ihr Ende verbunden ist, wobei das Verbindungskabel oder die Verbindungskette (11-1) einen unteren Abschnitt aufweist, der vorzugsweise durch Blöcke (11-2), die kettenförmig entlang des zweiten Kabels angeordnet sind, oder durch schwerere große Kettenglieder der Kette beschwert ist, derart, daß das Gewicht der Länge des unteren Abschnitts des Kabels oder der Kette, der unter dessen bzw. deren Verbindungspunkt (10d) mit dem Pendelbehälter (10) hängt, von der Oberfläche aus eingestellt werden kann, vorzugsweise mit Hilfe einer Winde, die sich an Bord eines Schiffes an der Oberfläche befindet und von welcher bzw. auf welche das obere Ende des Kabels oder der Kette abgewickelt oder aufgewickelt wird, so daß gegebenenfalls die Geschwindigkeit des Absenkens bzw. der Aufwärtsbewegung des Pendelbehälters (10) gesteuert wird.
EP20080762184 2007-03-02 2008-03-03 Vorrichtung zum schneiden und öffnen/schliessen eines loches in eine wand auf dem meeresgrund Not-in-force EP2125503B1 (de)

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FR0701540A FR2913228B1 (fr) 2007-03-02 2007-03-02 Dispositif de decoupe et ouverture/fermeture d'un orifice dans une paroi au fond de la mer
PCT/FR2008/050356 WO2008116997A1 (fr) 2007-03-02 2008-03-03 Dispositif de decoupe et ouverture/fermeture d'un orifice dans une paroi au fond de la mer

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US20100058967A1 (en) 2010-03-11
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EP2125503A1 (de) 2009-12-02
FR2913228B1 (fr) 2009-05-29
ATE514624T1 (de) 2011-07-15

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