EP2311568A1 - Cutting assembly with safety distance ring measurer - Google Patents

Abstract

The set has a spacer ring attached to a closed outer ring (3) of a ring cutter (1). The spacer ring is designed as a spacer between adjacent perforated disks. A pair of supporting surfaces is formed between the spacer ring and the outer ring, and another pair of supporting surfaces formed between radial inner areas of the ring cutter and the perforated disks is designed as a wear active pair for blade adjustment. The spacer ring is engaged into an outer ring groove (8) of the ring cutter over guiding and coupling elements.

Description

The present invention relates to a cutting set with at least one respective at least one perforated disc associated ring cutter, in particular for use in cutting systems of machines for crushing raw materials of natural origin, preferably in meat grinders or the like, wherein the closed outer ring of the ring diameter is assigned a spacer ring, which serves as a spacer defines a knife protection space between adjacent perforated disks or as a perforated disk replacement support ring surface, in which the ring knife cooperates with at least one stationary perforated disk.

A cutting set of this kind is made DE 20 2007 003 777 U1 known. The spacer ring has after production a so-called zero tolerance measure between spacer ring width and the width of the measured over the blade height ring cutter body. This spacer ring is used to clamp the tools with an override nut in the housing. Since the tools must be ground during operation, the distances to the housing end change, and these distance changes are bridged with the spacer ring.

From the DE 20 2006 019 453 U1 a ring knife with spacer ring for crushing animal raw materials is known, which consists of an arrangement of a ring knife and an associated spacer, ring diameter and spacer are arranged to each other, that both parts form a common shelter for a simple knife cutting system, easily from each other are releasable and thereby supporting of the knife on the spacer ring is possible. The provided here radially outer support of the knife on the spacer ring does not prevent that it comes due to knife wear to an undesirable gap formation between the blade and perforated disc surface.

From the DE 44 31 960 a ring knife for meat grinders is known, in which the continuous cutter bar with a groove and the outer ring are provided on its inside with a bead. The knife bars are firmly connected to the hub and outer collar of the knife. The outer collar has a peripheral circumferential groove and is operatively connected to an outer ring acting as a spacer ring, wherein the outer ring on the circumference distributed locking pins are assigned, which engage in the groove. The spacer ring forms a shelter for the replaceable blades against the perforated disc and product prints.

In the DE 195 34 674 C2 a ring knife for mincers is described, which has an outer collar, which has a circumferential circumferential groove and is in operative connection with an outer ring. In this case, the outer ring is associated with a spacer ring, which consists of a plastically elastic material, which largely compensates occurring disc thrust forces and allows Nullmaßtoleranznachstellung while having different cross-sectional shapes and is provided with bevels and deformation grooves. The knife should absorb the thrust elastic in the cutting planes and allow it in conjunction with a limited deformable shelter to make the knife adjustable.

In general, and especially in heavy load cutting conditions in meat grinders and extruders, where the raw material processing with material size changes by knife / perforated disc systems takes place, acts on the An axial product thrust parallel to the perforated disc surfaces of the knife side surfaces in the case of rotating knives results in the knife body being pushed through the knife guard space, ie a pronounced axial load on the knife body. This caused by the extraction of raw material surface pressure on the side surfaces of the knife body causes the blades of the knife are pressed against the corresponding perforated disc surface, resulting in an inevitable blade abrasion, ie a reduction in the blade height at a constant height of the spacer ring results. As a result, the spacer ring is quasi wider than the knife body. An originally existing, secure support of the knife on the perforated disc cutting surface can therefore no longer be guaranteed, ie there is an increasing cutting gap. With such a gap especially softer raw material parts and connective tissue can not be separated with exact shear cut, so that is drawn by the blade rotation of the raw material on the perforated disc surface and the perforated disc surface increasingly smeared and closes the holes as a layer, whereby the interaction of the tool cutting elements, namely the interaction between the sharp opening edges in the perforated disc and the blade edges, is interrupted.

To re-manufacture the required cutting conditions, it is necessary to grind the spacer ring and knife, which leads to corresponding downtime and high productivity losses and greatly reduces the useful life of the tool elements. This becomes particularly clear in connection with the usable operating time for fine perforated discs. Here, the use time is only 20 to 30%, since the loss of blade width leads to perforated disc smearing even with very small gaps. The known cutting sets with rotating in a knife guard space ring knives were therefore usually only in connection used with the processing of coarse, brittle raw materials or conditions in connection with relatively large perforated disc bores, eg in connection with frozen meat or bone.

The object of the invention is to design cutting sets of the type specified constructively so that cutting losses are minimized by blade abrasion and the intervals between required Neuschliffen be increased by a multiple. In particular, should also be achieved that the amounts of work between required Neuschliffen can be significantly increased, and in particular in the case of the use of fine perforated discs in connection with the processing of soft raw material fractions and connective tissues.

This object is achieved according to the invention essentially in that in a cutting set of the type defined in addition to at least one provided between the spacer ring and the outer ring, axial forces receiving first pair of support surfaces either at least one more pair of support surfaces between radially inner portions of the ring diameter and an adjacent perforated disc provided or designed for Axialkraftaufnahme between ring blade outer ring and spacer ring effective surface pairing as wear effect pairing for blade adjustment.

In the first alternative of the solution according to the invention, in which caused by product thrust free movement of the knife relative to the spacer ring is greatly reduced by at least one additional support surface pairing, it is possible to delay the time of a required Neuschliffs of knife and spacer ring by a multiple. These At least one additional support surface pairing largely prevents the blades from being pressed too strongly onto the perforated disk surface by the contact pressure resulting from the raw material thrust and thus being exposed to high wear. According to the invention, the blades remain virtually contactless in a very short, but schneidfähigem distance above the perforated disc surface with the drilling pattern, but without canceling the desired cutting conditions, so that significant service life extensions of the cutting set can be achieved.

As a further support surface pairing in the context of the invention, an inner support ring adjacent the hub region may be provided on the ring knife, which cooperates with the surface of the perforated disc located downstream of the product flow through the cutting set and / or support body regions on the knife blades and / or on the knife carriers be formed in the form of surface support elements, which in turn interact with the adjacent perforated disc.

Conveniently, the knife blades associated support surfaces are attached as surface support elements in the range about half the span of the blades between the hub portion and outer ring either on the blade body and / or non-cutting integrated into the respective blade.

According to the second alternative solution according to the invention, the effective axial force between ring knife outer ring and spacer ring surface pairing is designed as wear effect pairing for blade replacement, such adjustment is possible until reaching the allowable Grenzabriebs on the blades.

A preferred embodiment of this solution is characterized in that the following in its cross section of the ring blade outer contour and preferably L-shaped spacer ring engages via guide and coupling elements in an outer annular groove of the ring blade and is supported on a downstream knife ring shoulder, the knife ring shoulder and the their associated surface of the spacer ring is designed as wear effect pairing for blade adjustment.

The annular shoulder of the spacer ring and the correspondingly adapted support ring with axial support surface on the ring knife take on a double function, namely on the one hand, the reduction of the cutting loss by supporting and bearing action against the free displacement of the blade in the direction of the free perforated disc surface and on the other hand, a parking function for cutting addition own thickness or material loss due to surface friction in the ring pairing area. The Ringflächenabrieb for Schneidenzustellung is preferably determined by two material types tempered in the required manner as friction pairing and the geometry and dimensions of the support surfaces. This makes it possible to extend the useful life of the cutting edge difference height by micro-delivery and to produce its own cutting edge sharpness through minor surface friction between blades and perforated disc again and again.

A particularly effective and effective in practice effect of the solution according to the invention further consists in that, due to the achieved cutting adjustment in the direction of the downstream perforated disc, the distance between the front of the knife perforated disc and the knife increases accordingly and thus the cutting gap to this rear perforated disc is increased, but because in the cutting part combinations the perforated discs in size staggered combined with knives are, has the rear or inflow side perforated disc larger holes, which allow for the cutting between the blade and this perforated disc a larger cutting gap. Thus, the cutting conditions are secured both to the perforated disc with smaller holes and the perforated disc with larger holes within the cutting set.

• Lochscheibe 2,0 mm = Schneidspalt 0 - 0,15 mm
• Lochscheibe 3,0 mm = Schneidspalt 0 - 0,25 mm
• Lochscheibe 13 mm = Schneidspalt 0 - 0,60 mm

Secured cutting conditions are for example in the case of fresh meat as follows:

• Perforated disk 2.0 mm = cutting gap 0 - 0.15 mm
• Perforated disk 3.0 mm = cutting gap 0 - 0.25 mm
• Perforated disk 13 mm = cutting gap 0 - 0.60 mm

For both alternative solutions applies that in the wear surface pairings circumferentially repeating wear surface interruptions can be provided to minimize the possible friction heat increase.

According to one embodiment of the invention can be arranged between the knife ring shoulder and spacer ring, an intermediate ring which forms a wear effect pairing at least with one of the two surfaces adjacent to it.

Furthermore, it is possible, instead of the wear effect pairing between the knife ring shoulder and spacer ring or in conjunction with this wear effect pairing to provide wear effect pairing blade replacement, formed by the inflow side wall of the outer ring groove of the ring diameter and engaging in this Außenringnut, fixed to the spacer guide and coupling elements becomes. Geometries can be used for the guiding and coupling elements be selected, which have a centering effect on truncated cone shapes.

The preferably designed as an L-ring spacer ring can be arranged with associated, enclosed by him ring cutter in front of a pre-cutter or a precutter and forms in the overall structure of a cutting set in this case instead of a perforated plate the corresponding Ersatzstützringfläche and thereby guarantees the effect of a knife protection space.

The ring knife according to the invention may also be composed of two half blade bodies or a plurality of blade bodies, so that there are partial ring blade elements which are axially adjustable relative to each other, so that a ring cutter is obtained with variable axial dimensions.

Further advantageous embodiments and features of the invention are set forth in the subclaims and will be described in connection with the following explanation of exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht eines Ringmessers gemäß der Erfindung ohne Distanzring,

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht eines Distanzrings für das Ringmesser nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine Axialschnittdarstellung des Ringmessers nach Fig. 1 mit zugehörigem Distanzring,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungs- form einer Kombination von Distanzring und Ringmesser, und

Fig. 5

eine Axialschnittansicht der Anordnung nach Fig. 4 gemäß der gezeigten Schnittlinie.

In the drawing shows:

Fig. 1

3 is an oblique perspective view of a ring blade according to the invention without spacer ring,

Fig. 2

a side view of a spacer ring for the ring knife after Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

an axial sectional view of the ring diameter after Fig. 1 with associated spacer ring,

Fig. 4

a schematic side view of another embodiment of a combination of spacer ring and ring knife, and

Fig. 5

an axial sectional view of the arrangement according to Fig. 4 according to the section line shown.

Fig. 1 shows a known in its basic structure ring knife 1, which has a closed outer ring 3, wherein between this outer ring 3 and a hub portion 6 blade carrier body 16 extend. In the circumferential direction between these knife carrier bodies 16, knife 11 or knife 11 carrying knife bodies are provided which extend from the outer ring 3 only over a portion of the total radius, ie that their free ends with respect to the hub portion 6 have a distance. Such knives may also be referred to as hanging knives, while the knives extending between hub portion 6 and outer ring 3 may be referred to as continuous or upright knives.

The provided on the knife carriers knife 11, 12 cooperate with both sides of the ring knife 1 adjacent perforated discs in a cutting set, usually located in the product flow direction in front of the ring diameter perforated disc has larger holes than the following in the product flow direction on the ring blade 1 perforated disc. But this is not necessarily an existing requirement.

The ring knife 1 has on its outer circumference a circumferential outer annular groove 8, which is intended to receive guide and coupling elements 15, which in an in Fig. 2 shown spacer ring 2 are fixed and couple this spacer ring 2 with the ring knife 1.

In practical operation, the knife blades are pressed or pressed by feedstock against the respective perforated disc surface, causing wear and resulting from the already described cutting gap formation occurs.

Perforated discs also have the property to deform by the product pressure and relax after penetration of the substance into the holes. With this they swing back swinging and usually hit the center of the blade of the rotating knife. As a result, the cutting edges of the blades wash out and no longer participate in the cutting process due to partial gap formation.

To counteract disturbing cutting gaps and also excessive wear by knocking back the perforated discs and to avoid the resulting consequences, namely the often required regrinding of ring diameter and spacer ring, are provided according to the invention between ring diameter and support ring support surface pairings. A first support surface pairing is realized in the region of the outer ring 3 of the ring blade 1, by the interaction of the adjacent to the outer support ring 7 support surface 4 with the adapted counter-support surface 5 on the cross-sectionally L-shaped spacer ring. 2

It is essential, however, that in addition to this support surface pairing radially within the outer ring 3 at least one more Support surface pairing is provided. To this end, the annular blade 1 has, adjacent to the hub region 6, an inner support ring 9 which cooperates with the associated perforated disc or bears against the perforated disc surface. Furthermore, surface support elements 10 cooperating with the corresponding perforated disc are also provided either on the knife carrier bodies 16 and preferably directly on the knives 12. These surface support elements are non-intersecting integrated into the respective blade 11, that is arranged rearwardly with respect to the cutting blade front side and designed, for example, semicircular or part-circular. These surface support elements 10 and the inner support ring 11 are in terms of their effective surfaces in the same plane and prevent the ring knife is pressed by the product thrust too strong against the perforated disc and thus exposed to high wear and at the same time offer their support function, the disturbing impact of the Intercept perforated disks.

The Fig. 2 shows a spacer ring 2, wherein in the illustrated plan view, the support surface 5 can be seen, from the inside of the in Fig. 3 to be seen L-shaped leg 13 of the spacer ring 2 is formed.

The spacer ring 2 has offset over its circumference bores 14 which serve to fix guide and coupling elements 15 which engage in the outer ring groove 8 of the ring blade 1 and connect these two components together so that the ring knife 1 - preferably on the same drive as it is provided for the screw conveyor - can be driven, wherein the spacer ring 2 is fixed and secured in position between adjacent perforated discs clamped.

The Fig. 3 shows the already described facts of the coupling of the spacer ring 2 with the same axial dimensions having ring knife. 1

The 4 and 5 show a further embodiment of the combination of ring knife 1 and spacer 2, which is designed so that an automatic cutting adjustment with simultaneous cutting edge sharpening is obtained.

In this case, spacer ring 2 and the body of the ring knife 1 have the same width and the stationary spacer ring 2 defines the knife protection space for the rotating ring knife 1. In the spacer ring 2 fixed guide and coupling elements engage in particular centering and substantially positive locking while ensuring the rotation in the outer annular groove 8 of the ring knife 1 a.

An analogous to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 provided support ring 7 with support surface 4 receives the L-leg 13 of the spacer ring 2, so that there is a ring pairing area between the support surface 4 and the opposite ring surface of the L-leg 13 of the spacer ring 2 for the attacking axial forces.

Due to the product thrust acting on the knife side surfaces, this ring pairing area formed by these surfaces is subject to wear, which can be predetermined in particular by the choice of material, and which is calculated in such a way that the unavoidable blade wear on the fine perforated disk is compensated. The micro-feed realized with this ensures, on the one hand, that over a long period of time safe cutting conditions between the ring knife and the outflow-side perforated disc can be guaranteed, and secondly because of the always given low surface friction between blades and perforated disc a cutting edge resharpening takes place.

Instead of the use of the ring mating area between the support surface 4 and the mating surface on the L-leg 13 of the spacer ring 2 or in conjunction with this ring pairing can for wear-induced micro-delivery and the interaction of the guide and coupling elements 15 of the spacer ring 2 with the axialkraftbelasteten side surface of the outer ring 8 of the ring diameter 1 are used. Also in this case, it is possible to work with suitably tempered surfaces of the cooperating materials.

Of crucial importance is that by all the described embodiments of the invention, ensuring best cutting conditions both on the downstream and on the inflow side perforated disc, the useful life of the knife is seriously increased and accordingly the intervals between required Neuschliffen be increased in comparison to known systems by a multiple ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

ring diameter

2

spacer

3

outer ring

4

Support surface ring knife

5

Support surface spacer ring

6

hub area

7

Support ring outside

8th

outer annular

9

Internal support ring

10

Surface support element

11

Hanging knife

12

Knife throughout

13

L-leg spacer ring

14

drilling

15

Guide and coupling element

16

Knife support body

Claims (15)

Cutting set with at least one respective at least one perforated disc associated ring cutter (1), in particular for use in cutting systems of machines for crushing raw materials of natural origin, preferably in meat grinders or the like,
wherein the closed outer ring (3) of the ring knife (1) is assigned a spacer ring (2) which defines a knife protection space as a spacer between adjacent perforated disks or as a perforated disk replacement support ring surface, in which the ring knife (1) cooperates with at least one stationary perforated disk,
characterized,
in addition to at least one first support surface pairing (4, 5) provided between the spacer ring (2) and the outer ring (3), which receives axial forces, either at least one further
Support surface pairing between radially inner regions of the ring blade (1) and an adjacent perforated disc provided or the Axialkraftaufnahme between ring blade outer ring (3) and spacer ring (2) effective surface pairing (4, 5) is designed as wear effect pairing for blade adjustment. Cutting set according to claim 1,
characterized,
in that a further inner support ring (9) adjacent to the hub region (6) is provided on the ring cutter (1) as a further support surface pairing, which cooperates with the surface of an adjacent perforated disc. Cutting set according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that between the radially inner, the hub portion (6) adjacent and the radially outer pair of support surfaces cooperating with the adjacent perforated disc, not involved in the cutting process support body areas in the form of surface support elements (10) to the knife blade (12) and / or to the knife carrier body (16) are formed. Cutting set according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
in that at least the planes of engagement of the further support surface pairings situated radially within the support surface pairing (4, 5) provided between spacer ring (2) and ring knife (1) are located in the same plane. Cutting set according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the support blades associated with the knife blades (12) as surface support elements (10) in the range about half the span of the blades between hub region (6) and outer ring (3) on the blade base body (16) and / or in the respective blade (11) not cutting are arranged integrated. Cutting set according to claim 5,
characterized,
in that the surface support elements (16) are integrally formed on the rear, trailing region of the blades and are preferably designed semicircular or semicircular. Cutting set according to claim 1,
characterized,
that in its cross section of the ring blade outer contour following and preferably L-shaped spacer (2) via guide and coupling elements (15) in an outer annular groove (8) of the ring blade (1) engages and is supported on a downstream blade ring shoulder (4), wherein the knife ring shoulder (4) and its associated surface of the spacer ring (2) is designed as wear effect pairing for blade adjustment. Cutting set according to claim 7,
characterized,
in that an intermediate ring is arranged between the knife-ring shoulder (4) and the spacer ring (2), which forms a wear-action pairing at least with one of the two surfaces adjoining it. Cutting set according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the wear effect pairings provided for blade replacement consist of tempered material types. Cutting set according to one of claims 7 to 9,
characterized,
that circumferentially repeating wear surface interruptions are provided in the wear surface pairings. Cutting set according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a wearing action pairing to the blade adjustment of the inflow side located wall of the outer annular groove (18) of the ring blade (1) and in this outer annular groove (8) engaging, in the spacer ring fixed (2) guiding and coupling elements (15) is formed, which in Engagement region of the cross-sectional shape of the circumferential groove (8) are adapted. Cutting set according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the Führuns- and coupling elements (15) have centering effect and in particular have a truncated cone shape. Cutting set according to one or more of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the annular blade (1) consists of at least two coaxial and mutually parallel part-ring blade members with a predeterminable mutual spacing. Cutting set according to claim 13,
characterized,
that the axial distance of the partial ring blade elements is independent of the position of the associated with a part ring blade element spacer ring (13) is adjustable. Cutting set according to claim 13,
characterized,
in that at least each outer partial ring knife element is assigned a partial spacer ring.

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