EP2200014A2 - Cordier pour un instrument à cordes - Google Patents

Cordier pour un instrument à cordes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2200014A2
EP2200014A2 EP09015868A EP09015868A EP2200014A2 EP 2200014 A2 EP2200014 A2 EP 2200014A2 EP 09015868 A EP09015868 A EP 09015868A EP 09015868 A EP09015868 A EP 09015868A EP 2200014 A2 EP2200014 A2 EP 2200014A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
string
tailpiece
bore
fine tuner
fine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09015868A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2200014A3 (fr
Inventor
Volker Worlitzsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2200014A2 publication Critical patent/EP2200014A2/fr
Publication of EP2200014A3 publication Critical patent/EP2200014A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D3/00—Details of, or accessories for, stringed musical instruments, e.g. slide-bars
    • G10D3/14—Tuning devices, e.g. pegs, pins, friction discs or worm gears

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to stringed instruments such as violins, violas, cellos or double basses, in particular to a tailpiece for such a stringed instrument.
  • tailpiece An entirely different structure of a tailpiece goes out of the DE 498 178 out.
  • the string is not attached directly to the tailpiece, but on the fine tuner itself.
  • the string is attached to the tailpiece itself.
  • More tailpieces go out of the WO2004 / 107311 A1 and the WO2008 / 021277 A2 out.
  • Object of the present invention is that of the DE 100 10 308 A1 Known bowed instrument to improve that, while maintaining an optimal Sound purity simplifies the attachment of the strings and fine tuning is possible.
  • the tailpiece between the fastener for the end of a finely tuned string and the support web a fine tuner is arranged and fixed, and that between the fine tuner and the support web a tailpiece passing through and is provided by the tunable string to be drilled bore.
  • the tunable string in the present invention can contact both the fine tuner and the landing stage. Between the fastener at its end and the support web, the string is thus contacted at least by the fine tuner, possibly also by one or more edges of the bore.
  • the free-running region of the string between the support web and the next contact point i. the margin of the bore or the fine tuner, can further enrich the overtone spectrum of the stringed instrument. Even if a uniform structure and constant diameter of the string is provided for this purpose in this area, it is still possible to attach the string again with a conventional attachment loop or any other desired attachment to the tailpiece, as long as a wrap used for timely ends before the last contact point in front of the support bar. This greatly simplifies attachment of the string while avoiding the need for thick knots at the end of the string.
  • tailpiece according to the invention allows the following embodiments with particular advantages.
  • the tailpiece for a number of strings or even for all strings of the stringed instrument has a fine tuner and a bore to be traversed by the respective string. In this way, the fine tuning of the stringed instrument is greatly simplified.
  • a second bore in the tailpiece is preferably provided.
  • the end of the string can be arranged on the top of the tailpiece associated with the tailpiece. This simplifies the threading of a new string, since it only has to be inserted from above through the second hole until its thickened end comes into contact with the edge of the second hole.
  • first bore and / or the second bore extend obliquely to the surface of the tailpiece therethrough, because this sharp creases in the string can be avoided.
  • the inclination of the first and / or second bore substantially correspond to the course of the string in this section.
  • the inclination of the hole should also not be too shallow, since otherwise the hole becomes very long and the stability of the tailpiece could be impaired.
  • first bore and / or the second bore have a cross section which is only slightly larger than the diameter of the string in the region of the respective bore, for example 3 to 10% larger than the diameter of the string.
  • the overtone spectrum of the instrument becomes particularly rich and strong when the string can be straight from the fine tuner to the tailpiece support flange without touching the edge of the first bore.
  • the first bore must have an appropriate orientation and cross-sectional area. It should be considered in particular that the position of the string depending on the current Can change the setting of the fine tuner.
  • the first hole must be large enough to accommodate all different pitch angles of the string.
  • the fine tuner can be arranged in a third hole in the tailpiece.
  • the force exerted by the fine tuner on the string is preferably aligned substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the string.
  • the fine tuner does not directly exert a pull on the string, but presses it on the side of the string. Only a small component of the force exerted on the string acts as a pulling force. Therefore, the string can be tuned much finer in the inventive fine tuner than before.
  • the fine tuner has a jacket with an internal thread, in which a set screw with an external thread is guided as the control element for the fine tuner.
  • a screw is suitable as an easy and intuitive to use actuator.
  • the jacket can essentially adapt to the shape of the third bore and be cylindrical, for example.
  • the jacket and / or in the spacer may be provided a slot for receiving and guiding the string. This slot is used to safely guide the string and also prevents rotation of the shell or the spacer relative to the string.
  • the jacket can also have a slot or a rail for the rotation-free longitudinal guidance of the spacer.
  • the spacer and the set screw consist of a magnetic material, so that the spacer remains permanently connected to the set screw by the magnetic force.
  • the spacer may be a disk whose diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the shell.
  • the jacket may have on its outer side a flange which serves to rest on the underside of the tailpiece.
  • the common starting point of all the rays is at or near the place of attachment of the tailpiece to the body of the bowed instrument, for example at that location where an attachment loop provided for attachment to the instrument body originates from the tailpiece.
  • the forces exerted by the strings tensile forces can be absorbed in this way particularly evenly from the attachment of the tailpiece.
  • the invention not only relates to a tailpiece as such, but also to a tailpiece with one or more associated strings.
  • this string has a substantially uniform structure and a constant diameter in the region between the fine tuner and the tailpiece support flange, at least in the free-running section adjacent to the bearing web, it can provide a pure, stronger overtone spectrum of the stringed instrument.
  • This free-swinging Section may for example lie between the support web and the adjacent hole.
  • the invention also relates to a string which is specially designed for such a combination with a tailpiece according to the invention.
  • the string can, as in conventional strings, have a wrap, with the end of the string a fastening loop is formed. In contrast to conventional strings, however, this wrapping should then be textile-free, since otherwise unwanted damping effects could result.
  • the wrap should maximally extend to the exit of the string from the first bore so that the string can maintain a substantially uniform configuration and a constant diameter from the edge of that bore to the landing stage.
  • the invention also relates to a stringed instrument with a tailpiece described above or with a combination of a string and a tailpiece described above.
  • such a stringed instrument for example a violin, a viola, a cello or a double bass, an instrument bridge and a pegbox, wherein the strings are spanned in the pegbox on vertebrae.
  • the stringed instrument according to the invention can now be set up so that the fundamental or natural vibrations of the strings in the usually unrecorded section between the contact bridge and the instrument bridge correspond to other but pure tones of the diatonic scale than the fundamental or natural vibrations of the strings in the usually recorded section between the instrument bridge and the pegbox. All in all, the fundamental vibrations of n strings can be twice as many, ie 2n tones of the diatonic scale correspond.
  • a further improved overtone spectrum results when at least one other component of the stringed instrument has a fundamental vibration which corresponds to another, pure tone of the diatonic scale than the 2n fundamental vibrations of the strings. In this way even more than the 2n tones in the overtone spectrum can be excited.
  • the tailpiece itself is available, whose basic or natural vibration can be adapted accordingly by its shape and / or its weight.
  • the at least one further component of the free-running section of the string adjacent to the support web could be in the region between the fine tuner and the support web of the tailpiece.
  • three sections of each string would be available for the overtone spectrum, namely the normally recorded section, the usually unrecorded section, and the section between the fine tuner and the jig.
  • already with four strings could therefore already all 12 tones of an octave are covered, whereby an ideal overtone spectrum would be achievable.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a bowed instrument 1 according to the invention, for example a violin.
  • the stringed instrument 1 has a body 2, a neck 3, on which a fingerboard 4 rests, and a subsequent pegbox 5, which ends in a screw 6. With a loop 7, a tailpiece 8 is connected to the opposite end of the body 5 from the vertebral body 5.
  • a string 9 (usually the string instrument has four or five strings) is fastened to the tailpiece 8 with a first end 10, while the second end of the string 9 is wound onto a vortex 11 in the pegbox 5.
  • the usually recorded area of the string 9 is located above the fingerboard 4, between the pegbox 5 and an instrument bridge 12, at which the string 9 is deflected. The remaining area of the string 9 is usually not recorded.
  • the string 9 is in interaction with a fine tuner 13, the arrangement and structure are described in more detail below.
  • the string runs over a support web 14 of the tailpiece 8, where it is deflected again before it extends straight to the instrument bar 12.
  • the Figures 2 and 3 show a vertical section through the tailpiece 8, wherein the fine tuner 13 in FIG. 2 also in vertical section, in FIG. 3 however, is shown in perspective view.
  • the fine tuner 13 has a cylindrical jacket 15, from which projects outwardly an annular flange 16. This flange 16 is for engagement with the underside 17 of the tailpiece 8.
  • the jacket 15 has a slot 18 through which a fine tunable string 9 is passed.
  • the jacket 15 has an internal thread 19 which engages with an external thread 20 of a set screw 21.
  • the set screw 21 also has an enlarged head 22 to which a user can engage.
  • a spacer 23 is guided in the interior of the cylindrical shell 15. It consists - as well as the adjusting screw 21 - in the preferred embodiment of a magnetic material, so that it remains in connection with the screw 21 even when the string 9 is replaced and has to be removed from the fine tuner 13 for this purpose.
  • a first bore 24 is provided in the tailpiece 8. This first bore 24 extends at an angle of 45 ° relative to the support web 14 associated top 25 of the tailpiece 8 across it.
  • a second bore 26 is provided in the tailpiece 8, which also extends at an angle of about 45 ° through the tailpiece 8.
  • the first bore 24 and the second bore 26 are arranged together approximately V-shaped, wherein the tip of the V in the region of the slot 18 at the lower end of the fine tuner 13 is located.
  • the cylindrical jacket 15 of the fine tuner 13 is arranged in a third bore 27 in the fine tuner 8, which is located between the first bore 24 and the second bore 26.
  • This third bore 27 extends approximately perpendicular to the surface 25 through the tailpiece 8 therethrough.
  • the second bore 26 serves to attach the first end 10 of the string 9.
  • the second bore 26 has a diameter which, although slightly larger than the diameter of the string 9, is smaller than the dimension of a fastening loop 28 at the first end 10 of the string 9.
  • the second bore 26 serves as a fastener for the string 9.
  • the first end 10, or the attachment loop 28 of the string 9 are - in contrast to conventional stringed instruments - at the top 25 of the tailpiece 8. From There the string crosses 9 the tailpiece 8 by means of the second bore 26 before it passes through the slot 18 of the fine tuner 13. Subsequently, the string 9 dives by means of the first bore 24 again from the bottom 17 to the top 25 of the tailpiece 8 before it touches the edge of the first bore 24 and then the support web 14.
  • the adjusting screw 21 moves downwardly in the casing 15 by means of the thread 19, 20.
  • the spacer 23 does not participate in the rotation, but in the longitudinal displacement of the adjusting screw 21 and thus pushes laterally on the string 9. This increases the train on the string, and the tone of the string is higher.
  • the user turns the screw 21 in the reverse direction, it moves in the jacket 15 upwards, the spacer 23 is taken. At the same time the tension on the string diminishes, and the tone of the string becomes lower.
  • the string 9 in particular an artificial string, consists of a core which is wound by a thin metal thread.
  • This wrapping 30, which extends over the entire length of the string 9, is in the left area of the FIG. 4 indicated.
  • the string 9 is placed to a fastening loop 28 around a pierced ring 31.
  • the end of the string 9 is applied to the preceding section and fixed there by means of a wrapping 32.
  • no textile material is used in the string according to the invention for the wrapping 32. Instead, a thread of the same material as the wrapper 30 is used.
  • the length L of the wrapping 32 is chosen so that the wrapping 32 preferably at the last contact of the string 9 with the fine tuner 13, but at the latest or at last contact of the string 9 ends with the edge of the first bore 24, so that the last free-swinging portion 33 of the string 9 in front of the support web 14 in each case is free of winding. This has considerable advantages in terms of the cleanliness of the stringed instrument 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the tailpiece 8. It can be seen that this tailpiece 8 is used to attach four strings. For each of the strings 9 a separate fine tuner 13 is provided, so that all four strings 9 are fine tuned.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the tailpiece 8 without the strings 9.
  • a first bore 24, a second bore 26 and a third bore 27 are provided, so that in the tailpiece 8 a total of 12 holes are present.
  • All three holes 24, 26, 27, which are associated with a string 9, lie on a beam 35. All these rays 35 go out from a common starting point 36, which is located at the fixed end of the tailpiece 8.
  • the strings 9 can exert a particularly uniform train on the tailpiece 8.
  • the strings 9 leave the fine tuner 8 on the support web 14, they continue in the direction of the respective beam 35 until they hit the instrument bar 12.
  • the four strings 9 have fundamental vibrations corresponding to four different tones of the diatonic scale.
  • these are the notes G, D, A and E.
  • the stringed instrument 1 according to the invention is designed so that the fundamental vibrations of the strings 9 in the normally unrecorded region, i. in the area between the instrument bridge and the support bar 14, four further tones correspond to the diatonic scale.
  • this could be the notes H, Fis, Gis and Dis. This can be achieved if the portion of the respective string 9 between the instrument bar 12 and the support web 14 of the tailpiece 8 has a length of about 65 mm.
  • FIG. 7 shows a vertical section through a further embodiment.
  • everything corresponds to the in FIG. 2 shown vertical section through the first embodiment - except that the string 9 without contact and therefore straight from the fine tuner 13 extends to the support web 14.
  • the position, the orientation and the cross-sectional area of the first bore 24 are adapted to the course of the string 9, so that the string 9 without Touch the edges of the bore 24 from the fine tuner 13 to the support web 14 may extend.
  • the angle of attack of the string 9 may change depending on their mood or depending on the position of the fine tuner 13. With stronger tension of the string 9 it runs steeper and then has the dashed with 9a course.
  • the advantage of this is that the entire length of the string 9 between the fine tuner 13 and the support web 14 undergoes a uniform vibration, so that the harmonic spectrum of the instrument 1 is even clearer and stronger.
  • the fine tuner 13 may have a diameter of about 3 mm and a length or vertical extent of 7 to 12 mm.
  • strings 9, in particular their diameter and their length should, of course, be adapted as well as possible to the tailpiece 8 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows the tailpiece 8 with another embodiment of a fine tuner 13 '.
  • a stop 40 is provided which prevents falling out of the spacer 23 from the fine tuner 13'.
  • This stop 40 may be provided, for example, as two semicircular protrusions in the interior of the fine tuner 13 ', or as a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions. However, the stop 40 does not engage in the slot 18, by means of which the string 9 in the fine tuner 13 'is inserted.
  • the stopper 40 prevents the spacer 23 from falling out of the fine tuner 13 '. This makes it possible to manufacture the spacer 23 also from a non-magnetic material.
  • the fine tuner and also the spacer 23 could be made of titanium, which brings significant advantages in terms of weight and sound.
  • FIG. 9 shows a vertical section through a further embodiment of a fine tuner 13 "in the in FIG. 8 with IX-IX point, ie in a vertical section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tailpiece 8.
  • IX-IX point ie in a vertical section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the tailpiece 8.
  • the upper part of the fine tuner 13 "and in particular the screw 21 are not shown.
  • the fine tuner 13 "according to FIG. 9 corresponds to the fine tuner 13 'after FIG. 8 in that a stop 40 is provided at the lower end of the fine tuner, which prevents falling out of the spacer 23 from the fine tuner 13 " Stop 40 does not engage in the slot 18, in which the fine tunable string 9 in the fine tuner 13 "out.
  • the cylindrical jacket of the fine tuner 13 is made in two parts, comprising a lower section 15" of larger diameter, which is supported on the underside 17 of the tailpiece 8.
  • the free inner diameter of the two sections 15 'and 15 "of the shell of the fine tuner 13" is the same, so that the spacer 23 can slide freely between the two sections in the vertical direction. Since the wider portion 15 'of the shell of the fine tuner 13 "is supported on the underside of the tailpiece 8, can be dispensed with additional, lateral flanges 16.
  • FIG. 10 shows a vertical section through a further embodiment of a fine tuner 13 "'.
  • This fine tuner 13"' has an adjusting screw 21 (the external thread 20 is not shown for clarity) with an enlarged head 22 to which a user can attack.
  • the outside of the head 22 is provided with corrugations 100 for ease of operation.
  • the lower end 101 of the adjusting screw 21 is hemispherical in shape. It rests in a conical depression 102 in the top of a spacer 23 '.
  • a bore 103 passes through the spacer 23 'in the horizontal direction. The bore 103 serves to receive a string 9.
  • FIG. 11 shows a vertical section through yet another embodiment of a fine tuner 130.
  • This fine tuner 130 has a trained as a hollow cylinder screw 210 with an enlarged head 220 to which a user can attack.
  • the outside of the head 220 is provided with corrugations 100 for ease of operation.
  • the outside of the hollow cylindrical adjusting screw 210 is provided with a right-hand thread 211, by means of which the adjusting screw 210 is screwed into a corresponding thread in the tailpiece 8.
  • the inside of the hollow cylindrical adjusting screw 210 is provided with a thread opposite to the external thread 211, ie in the present embodiment with a left-hand thread 212.
  • This left-hand thread 212 is in engagement with a left-hand thread 213 on the outside of a counter-screw 214.
  • the outer diameter of the counter-screw 214 is so chosen that their external thread 213 with the internal thread 212 of the screw 210 can engage.
  • a longitudinal slot 215 at the lower end of the counter screw 214 serves to receive and guide the string.
  • the counter screw 214 moves in the opposite direction in the interior of the adjusting screw 210 in or out of this interior. Due to the mutually oppositely directed threads, the distance traveled by the counter-screw 214 is twice as great as the distance covered by the adjusting screw 210 with the same thread pitch of the outer and inner threads 210, 212. In this way, even with a very small movement of the operator to the screw 210 a significantly larger movement of the counter screw 214 and consequently a great effect on the tuning of the string 9 can be achieved. It is conceivable to increase this effect even more by choosing the pitch of the internal thread 212 to be different than the pitch of the external thread 211.
  • the bowed instrument 1 according to the invention and the tailpiece 8 according to the invention can be modified in many ways.
  • the diameter or the orientations of the bores 24, 26, 27 could be changed, or within the shell 15 of the fine tuner 13, a rail could be provided, which allows a guide of the spacer 23 only in the axial direction of the shell 15.
  • this could also have on its underside a slot in which the string 9 is inserted.
  • the third bore 27 and the jacket 15 of the fine tuner 13 could e.g. also have a triangular, quadrilateral or polygonal cross section.
  • the fine tuner 13, 13 ', 130 may also have a different shape than in the Figures 2 . 7 and 8 to 11 shown.
  • the part of the fine tuner 13 below the tailpiece 8 could have a larger diameter, which is supported with its outer circumference on the underside of the tailpiece 8, without the collar 15 still extending through the tailpiece 8.
  • the spacer 23 would be inserted from above into this cylindrical part of the fine tuner 13, and only the set screw 21 would extend through the tailpiece 8 and into the internal thread 19 of the cylindrical part of the fine tuner 13.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP09015868.4A 2008-12-22 2009-12-22 Cordier pour un instrument à cordes Withdrawn EP2200014A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810064418 DE102008064418A1 (de) 2008-12-22 2008-12-22 Saitenhalter für ein Streichinstrument

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2200014A2 true EP2200014A2 (fr) 2010-06-23
EP2200014A3 EP2200014A3 (fr) 2014-02-12

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ID=42084597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09015868.4A Withdrawn EP2200014A3 (fr) 2008-12-22 2009-12-22 Cordier pour un instrument à cordes

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EP (1) EP2200014A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008064418A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113362786A (zh) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-07 平顶山学院 一种二十一弦古筝抬弦转调装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018112086A1 (de) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-21 Wittner Gmbh & Co.Kg Feinstimmer für ein Saiten-Musikinstrument und Saiten-Musikinstrument
DE102022101831A1 (de) 2021-01-28 2022-07-28 Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts Befestigungsmittel für Instrumentensaiten

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE498178C (de) 1930-05-19 Hermann Schmid Saitenspannvorrichtung fuer Violinen und andere Saiteninstrumente
DE10010308A1 (de) 1999-03-06 2000-09-07 Volker Worlitzsch Saiteninstrument
WO2004107311A1 (fr) 2002-07-02 2004-12-09 Anton Paar Gmbh Accessoires ou elements d'actionnement pour instruments de musique ou elements constitutifs de ces derniers
DE202007000525U1 (de) 2007-01-09 2007-03-08 Heilemann, Heinz Feinstimmvorrichtung für Saiteninstrumente
WO2008021277A2 (fr) 2006-08-12 2008-02-21 Marvin Kevin C Cordier pour câble avec amortissement et sommet unique pour instruments à cordes et à archet

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR540598A (fr) * 1922-07-13
DE210127C (fr) *
IT1307314B1 (it) * 1999-12-15 2001-10-30 Carmelo Gaudino Strumenti musicali ad attacco e percorso di corda modificati.
CH698445B1 (de) * 2003-02-12 2009-08-14 Mark Erismann Saiteninstrument mit einer Saitenspannvorrichtung.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE498178C (de) 1930-05-19 Hermann Schmid Saitenspannvorrichtung fuer Violinen und andere Saiteninstrumente
DE10010308A1 (de) 1999-03-06 2000-09-07 Volker Worlitzsch Saiteninstrument
WO2004107311A1 (fr) 2002-07-02 2004-12-09 Anton Paar Gmbh Accessoires ou elements d'actionnement pour instruments de musique ou elements constitutifs de ces derniers
WO2008021277A2 (fr) 2006-08-12 2008-02-21 Marvin Kevin C Cordier pour câble avec amortissement et sommet unique pour instruments à cordes et à archet
DE202007000525U1 (de) 2007-01-09 2007-03-08 Heilemann, Heinz Feinstimmvorrichtung für Saiteninstrumente

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113362786A (zh) * 2021-06-09 2021-09-07 平顶山学院 一种二十一弦古筝抬弦转调装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP2200014A3 (fr) 2014-02-12
DE102008064418A1 (de) 2010-07-08

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