EP2184533A1 - Lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The fixture (10) has a dished reflector (16) including an interior side at which a light source (17) is mounted, where an inner surface (30) of the dished reflector includes two contiguous sectors (25, 27). A major portion (29a) of light coming from the light source and impinging on one of the contiguous sectors is reflected from the former sector onto a building surface (13) e.g. wall surface. A portion (28a) of the light coming from the light source and impinging on the other contiguous sector falls on the building surface only after a further reflection off of the former contiguous sector.

Description

The invention relates to a luminaire according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such lights are known and have been developed and manufactured by the applicant for quite some time. They serve the illumination of building surfaces. This is understood to mean, for example, floor, wall or ceiling surfaces of a building, but also surfaces in the exterior of a building, e.g. Parking areas, green areas or paths. Also to be illuminated paintings or art objects are understood as building area within the meaning of claim 1.

Luminaires of conventional design comprise at least one light source, a so-called light source, which is arranged in the interior of a substantially cup-shaped reflector. Starting from the light source, in the luminaires of the prior art direct light components are thrown from the illuminant onto the building surface and indirect light components are directed onto the building surface only after reflection on sections of an inner side of the reflector element.

In certain applications, it is desirable to generate a light distribution on the building surface, which is asymmetrical in terms of their contour and / or in terms of their intensity distribution. In addition or alternatively, it may also be desired to generate a light distribution which, with respect to its light field contour, deviates from the contour of the edge of the reflection element or from the contour of the edge of a light exit opening of the luminaire.

Non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution in the sense of the invention is understood in particular to mean a light distribution which, with respect to a longitudinal central axis of a reflector element of substantially rotationally symmetrical design, exhibits no rotational symmetry.

In the case of a non-rotationally symmetrical reflector element also included in the invention, e.g. an axially elongate reflector element, is under a non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution in the sense of the present patent application, for. Also understood a light distribution curve, which differs in terms of their contour from the contour of the edge of the reflector element. Finally, a non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution is also understood to mean one which has one or more focal centers of gravity, so that a non-rotationally symmetrical intensity distribution results.

The invention has for its object to provide a luminaire, which allows generation focal focal points in the light distribution on the building surface and / or allows the generation of non-rotationally symmetric light distributions in a previously unattained dimensions.

The invention achieves this object with the features of claim 1, and is accordingly characterized in that the inner surface of the reflector element has at least a first portion and a second portion, wherein light, which comes from the light source coming to the first portion, for the most part is directed from the first portion to the building surface, and wherein at least a substantial portion of the light, which comes from the light source coming on the second portion, only after a further reflection on the first portion meets the building surface.

The principle of the invention is thus essentially to make the reflector element changed over the prior art, and to divide the reflective inner surface of the reflector element into different, spaced-apart sections with different reflection properties. This includes at least a first section and a second section.

As a section in the sense of the present patent application, each areal coherent or grouped together region of the inner surface of the reflector element is understood that makes up a significant proportion of the total surface of the reflector element and a total fills a common light-directing function. In particular, the first section and the second section each comprise a region of at least one percent of the total inner surface of the reflector element. Advantageously, the first portion and the second portion each comprise a surface portion of at least three percent of the total inner surface of the reflector element, more preferably of at least 5 percent, more preferably at least 10 percent, more preferably at least 15 percent, further advantageously at least 20 percent.

The inner surface of the particular integrally formed reflector element comprises a first portion which directs those portions of light that come from the light source and meet directly on the first section, directly on the building surface. The reflector element comprises on its inner surface a second portion which has a surface of different shape from the first portion. The light coming from the light source and striking the second section is first reflected there and is thrown by the reflection onto the first section. Only after further reflection on the first section do these light components hit the building surface.

The luminaire according to the invention makes it possible to divert portions of the light emitted by the light source into certain solid angle regions which were previously unreachable by the luminaire or could not be exposed to light to the desired extent. Thus, those portions of light impinging on the second portion may now be directed into solid angle ranges due to further reflection at the first portion which would not have been attainable by direct reflection of these portions of light at the second portion.

With the luminaire according to the invention, it is thus possible to direct light components from the first section into a solid angle range, these light components comprising both light components coming from the light source after only a single reflection at the first section in this solid angle range, as well as light components comprising a first reflection at the second portion and a second reflection at the first portion. Consequently, the reflector element of the luminaire according to the invention can deflect a larger luminous flux into this specific solid angle range than in the luminaire of the prior art.

The inside of the reflector element may be equipped with a plurality of segments with individually formed surfaces. For this purpose, the segments, which are arranged in the first section, may be formed geometrically differently with respect to the segments, which are arranged along the second section. Preferably, the entire inner surface of the reflector element is occupied by segments. The segments may have a facet-like design and in each case have a surface which is arched or projecting toward the interior of the reflector element. Notably, the surface of each segment is at least simple, possibly also doubly arched. Thus, in particular in the second section, also cylindrically shaped segments can be arranged.

Also, the segments arranged in the first section may be provided with flat reflecting surfaces.

The remaining sections of the inner surface of the reflector element, which do not belong to the first or the second section, can also be covered with facets.

The aforementioned facets or segments are formed like a pillow and advantageously arranged according to a regular structure along the inside of the reflector element. In particular, this structure may comprise circumferentially extending rows and transverse columns. Preferably, the segments are arranged in an annular manner in concentric groups.

The first portion and the second portion are spaced from each other with respect to the circumferential direction of the reflector element. It is preferably provided that the first portion and the second portion are opposite to each other. Further advantageously, the two sections are approximately 180 ° opposite each other.

In other words, a geometrical arrangement is made such that the first section is arranged on a first side of the luminous means and the second section is arranged on a second side of the luminous means opposite the first side.

In one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of first sections and a plurality of second sections may be provided. Those portions of light which strike the directly coming from the light source, on one of the several second sections, are each reflected from there to an opposite first section. Before there, the light is thrown on the building surface.

The described double reflection of the light components is preferably carried out in such a way that those light components which are thrown from the illuminant onto regions of the second section or onto one of a plurality of second sections are reflected back from the latter onto the first section or onto one of a plurality of first sections. This reflected light component can, in particular, intersect the longitudinal central axis of the reflector element or extend in the immediate vicinity of the longitudinal central axis.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first portion is formed contiguous. This means that a substantial circumferential angular range of the inner surface of the reflector element of e.g. between 5 ° and 180 ° is designed such that it throws the light components that come directly from the light source coming on him, on the building surface. The light components that hit him from the second section, the first section also reflects on the building surface.

The formulation according to which the first section is formed integrally means, in the case of an occupation of the inner surface of the reflector element with numerous, individual facets, that these facets are arranged in an immediate, spatial proximity to one another.

The formulation according to which a section of the inner surface of the reflector element is formed integrally means that this section can be surrounded by a closed border or contour. The content of the area bordered by the contour makes a substantial, i. E. over a one percent share of the total area of the reflector element beyond proportion of the inner surface of the reflector element.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second portion is formed contiguous.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the light which strikes the first section from the light source is directed essentially completely from the first section onto the building surface. In this embodiment of the invention, the efficiency of the luminaire is very high, i. Luminous flux losses are kept low. Almost all of the light coming directly from the light source and striking the first section is directed directly onto the building surface.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the predominant portion of the light, which comes from the light source coming to the second section, meets only as a result of further reflection on the first section of the building surface. In this embodiment of the invention, it is clear that essential, i. beyond the range of randomness, substantially, i. noticeable increase in a total spatial light to be steered in a total luminous flux to be reflected from the second section to the first section before they hit the building surface.

Advantageously, the lamp is arranged stationary. This allows the formation of a building light. Further advantageously, the reflector element is arranged within a lamp housing. This allows recourse to known designs.

Further advantageously, the reflector element is designed with respect to its ground plan around a longitudinal center axis substantially rotationally symmetrical. The longitudinal central axis of the reflector element is that axis which is perpendicular to a light exit opening of the reflector element.

This allows in particular the production of a reflector element for the luminaire according to the invention by a Pressing an aluminum blank. Such a manufacturing process is for example in the German patent application DE 10 2007 035 528.0 the applicant described. The disclosure of the above-referenced patent application is hereby included in the content of the present patent application, also for the purpose of reference to individual features.

The longitudinal central axis of the reflector element in the sense of the present patent application, based on the process of producing the reflector element by a pressing operation of an aluminum blank, corresponds to the axis of rotation of the blank during the manufacturing process.

It should be noted that in addition to a production of the reflector element made of aluminum, it is also possible to form the reflector element as a plastic injection molded part and then to provide it with a reflective inner surface, e.g. to steam. Finally, it should be noted that the reflector element may also consist of glass and may equally be equipped with a reflective inner surface.

Further, it is advantageously provided that the reflective inner surface of the reflector element is formed such that the light distribution generated by the lamp, based on the longitudinal center axis of the reflector element, is asymmetrical. This means that in the arrangement of one, based on its design substantially rotationally symmetrical reflector element, which thus has a circular light exit opening, a light distribution is generated in terms of their contour and / or in terms of their intensity distribution and / or optionally also with respect to their position of a Rotational symmetry with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the reflector element deviates.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the inside of the reflector element is filled with numerous segments in a non-rotationally symmetrical arrangement. This allows the formation of a lamp according to the invention to achieve a non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution using a rotationally symmetrical with respect to its design reflection element. Only by the particular arrangement of the numerous segments, which are preferably arranged along a certain grid, and by computed design of the curvatures of the surfaces or positioning and alignment of flat reflecting surfaces of the segments, a desired light distribution can be achieved.

Further advantageously, the inside of the reflector element is completely occupied with faceted segments. This allows the achievement of low luminance on the surface of the reflector element, so that dazzling effects can be kept low for the viewer of the reflector element.

It is further advantageously provided that segments of the first type are arranged along the first section and segments of the second type are arranged along the second section. The segments of the second kind are designed differently with respect to the segments of the first type. The segments of the second type arranged along the second section are advantageously formed by cylindrical facets. Such facets are for example in the German patent application DE 10 2007 035 396.2 the applicant described. The content of this patent application is hereby incorporated by reference for the purpose of avoiding repetition in the content of the present patent application, also for the purpose of reference to individual features.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, along the first section are segments with flat surfaces arranged. Here, therefore, segments are provided which have a flat surface. In this way, the luminous flux components can be reflected in the desired manner in a particularly advantageous and optimized manner into the corresponding solid angle regions.

Next advantageous is provided that the lamp is designed as a pole light. Accordingly, the lamp comprises a long mast, on the upper head portion of the reflection element is mounted. Such a pole luminaire is particularly advantageous for illuminating external surfaces, e.g. Parking areas.

Next is alternatively provided that the luminaire according to the invention is designed as a down-light. Thus, certain floor or wall areas of a building can be flooded in a particularly advantageous manner.

Finally, it is provided in an alternative embodiment of the invention that the luminaire according to the invention is designed as a radiator for the purpose of wallwashing. In this case, it can be provided, in particular, that the circular light exit opening present in the case of a cup-shaped reflector element which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape is aligned along a plane which is not aligned parallel to the ceiling. Thus, e.g. a side wall of a building, which is arranged adjacent to the luminaire, in a particularly optimized manner homogeneous or, if desired, even with focal points of focus, be illuminated.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the non-cited subclaims and with reference to the following description of the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Fig. 1

in einer schematischen, teilgeschnittenen Seitenansicht ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte, die als Strahler ausgebildet und deckenseitig zur Ausleuchtung einer Wandfläche montiert ist,

Fig. 2

in einer vergrößerten Einzeldarstellung ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte, bei der das Reflektorelement in einer Querschnittsansicht dargestellt ist, und ein Leuchtmittel eine Öffnung im Scheitelbereich des Reflektorelementes durchgreift,

Fig. 3

in einer sehr schematischen Darstellung eine Innenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines Reflektorelementes einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in Einzeldarstellung, etwa entsprechend einer Ansicht gemäß Ansichtspfeil III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

in einer weiteren sehr schematischen Darstellung analog der Darstellung Fig. 3 ein Reflektorelement, bei dem eine andere Unterteilung der Innenfläche des Reflektorelementes getroffen ist,

Fig. 5

die Lichtverteilung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in Polarkoordinatendarstellung,

Fig. 6

eine erste schematische Skizze zur Erläuterung der in Fig. 5 gestrichelt dargestellten Kurve,

Fig. 7

ein weitere schematische Skizze zur Erläuterung der in Fig. 5 in durchgezogener Linie dargestellten Kurve in einer Darstellung etwa entlang Schnittlinie VII-VII in Fig. 6,

Fig. 8

eine weitere schematische Skizze zur Erläuterung einer nicht-rotationssymmetrischen Lichtverteilung, in einer Darstellung ähnlich der Fig. 6, wobei die Leuchte 10 der Fig. 8 bezogen auf die Leuchtenposition der Fig. 6 um 90° um eine horizontale Achse SW verschwenkt worden ist,

Fig.9

in einer schematischen Liniendarstellung ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektorelementes einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in Innenansicht, etwa entlang der Blickrichtung des Ansichtspfeils III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 10

das Reflektorelement der Fig. 9 in einer mit zahlreichen Ergänzungen versehenen Darstellung,

Fig. 11

das Reflektorelement der Fig. 9 in einer perspektivischen Schrägansicht etwa gemäß Ansichtspfeil XI in Fig. 9, und

Fig. 12

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Darstellung ähnlich der Fig. 1, wobei die Leuchte als bodenseitig angeordneter Strahler ausgebildet ist.

Show:

Fig. 1

in a schematic, partially sectioned side view of a first embodiment of a lamp according to the invention, which is designed as a radiator and the ceiling side is mounted to illuminate a wall surface,

Fig. 2

in an enlarged detail of a further embodiment of the lamp according to the invention, in which the reflector element is shown in a cross-sectional view, and a light source passes through an opening in the apex region of the reflector element,

Fig. 3

in a very schematic representation of an interior view of another embodiment of a reflector element of a lamp according to the invention in a single representation, approximately corresponding to a view according to the arrow III in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

in another very schematic representation analogous to the representation Fig. 3 a reflector element, in which a different subdivision of the inner surface of the reflector element is made,

Fig. 5

the light distribution of an embodiment of the luminaire according to the invention in polar coordinate representation,

Fig. 6

a first schematic sketch for explaining the in Fig. 5 dashed curve,

Fig. 7

a further schematic sketch for explaining the in Fig. 5 shown in a solid line in a representation approximately along section line VII-VII in Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8

a further schematic diagram for explaining a non-rotationally symmetric light distribution, in a representation similar to the Fig. 6 , wherein the lamp 10 of the Fig. 8 related to the luminaire position of Fig. 6 has been pivoted by 90 ° about a horizontal axis SW,

Figure 9

in a schematic line representation of another embodiment of a reflector element of a lamp according to the invention in an interior view, approximately along the line of sight of the arrow III in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 10

the reflector element of Fig. 9 in a representation with numerous additions,

Fig. 11

the reflector element of Fig. 9 in a perspective oblique view approximately according to arrow XI in Fig. 9 , and

Fig. 12

a further embodiment of the lamp according to the invention in a representation similar to the Fig. 1 , wherein the lamp is designed as a bottom side arranged radiator.

The luminaire according to the invention designated in its entirety in the drawings will now be explained with reference to the exemplary embodiments. The following description is preceded that for the sake of clarity, identical or comparable parts or elements of simplicity with the same reference numerals with the addition of small letters are called.

Fig. 1 shows a very schematic, partially cut, side view of a first embodiment of a lamp 10 according to the invention, which is designed as a radiator and is mounted on the ceiling wall 11 of a building space. When ceiling-side mounting can in particular a building wall 13th be lit up. In other embodiments, not shown, however, it is also conceivable to illuminate a bottom wall 12 or to jointly illuminate a side wall 13 and a bottom wall 12.

The luminaire 10 has a luminaire housing 15 which completely accommodates a reflector element 16. About a holder 14, the lamp 10, preferably room angle adjustable, in particular pivotable about at least one pivot axis SW and schwenkarretierbar with the top wall 11 is connected. At this point it should be noted that the embodiment of the Fig. 1 shows a spotlight. Of the invention, however, other embodiments of lamps are included, for example, down lights, which are preferably embedded flush in a ceiling wall 11, but equally also pole lights, in which a lamp in the manner of Fig. 1 mounted on a mast.

Fig. 1 schematically shows that within the lamp housing 15, a base 18 for holding a lamp 17, a so-called light source is arranged. The illuminant 17 passes through an opening 44 in the region of the apex 45 of the reflector element 16 and projects into its interior space 46. From the light source 17 go out numerous light rays. Fig. 1 merely shows an exemplary set of four beams of light, which is intended to illustrate the principle of the invention.

From the lighting means 17 emits a first light beam 19a, strikes the reflector element 16, namely on the respect thereof Fig. 1 upper portion, is reflected there, and is thrown as a light beam 19b on the building wall 13. The same applies to the further light beam 20a, which likewise strikes the reflector element 16 directly from the illuminant 17 and is thrown onto the building wall 13 as light beam 20b. The situation is different with light rays 21a and 22a. The light beam 21a is starting from the illuminant 17 thrown onto the lower portion of the reflector element 16, is reflected from there as a light beam 21 b and subsequently applies again to the respect Fig. 1 From there it is thrown by the reflector element as a light beam 21 c on the building wall 13.

The same applies to the exemplary light beam 22a, which is equally thrown from the light source 17 on the lower portion of the reflector element 16, reflected there and reflected back as a light beam 22b on the upper portion and thrown from there as a light beam 22c against the building wall 13.

Based on the following description of the Fig. 2 this principle will be clarified further:

Fig. 2 shows the reflector element 16 of a lamp 10 according to the invention in an enlarged detail view. One recognizes the essentially parabolic basic shape of the reflector element. The luminous means 17 is arranged with its luminous, point-shaped volume substantially in the region of the focal point 43 of the reflector element 16. The illuminant 17 passes through an opening 44 in the region of the apex 45 of the reflector element.

The reflector element has an inner surface 30, which is designed to be highly reflective. It should be noted that the reflector element is preferably made of pressed aluminum. For the production of such a reflector element, reference may be made, for example, to the German patent application DE 10 2007 035 528.0 the applicant, the content of which is hereby included in the content of the present patent application, also for the purpose of reference to individual features.

The reflector element 16 is rotationally symmetrical with regard to its external design, or its foundation shape. It is Insofar related to the longitudinal center axis M rotationally symmetrical and cup-shaped.

On the inner surface 30 of the reflector element 16 numerous segments are arranged, which are formed facet-like and configured with an individually curved surface and projecting toward the interior 46 of the reflector element 16 out. The segments have been pressed in the case of a reflector element consisting of aluminum in the starting material.

The reflector element 16 of the luminaire 10 according to the invention has on its inner surface 30 a first section 25, the segments 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w. Opposite section 25 there is provided a second section 27 comprising numerous other segments 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q, 26r, 26s , 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w.

The segments of the first section 25 are formed differently with respect to the segments of the second section 27; So they have a differently designed reflective surface.

Starting from the light source 17, which is preferably designed as a punctiform light source, numerous light rays reach the segments 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 241, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p. 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w of the first section 25 and from there directly to the building wall to be illuminated, which in Fig. 2 dashed lines denoted by 13, reflected. It should be noted that the geometric orientation of the reflector element 16 to the building wall 13 with respect to the Fig. 1 not to scale, but only to be understood schematically.

These direct light components, which are subject to only a simple reflection at the first section 25, will be described with reference to the exemplary light beam 29. Starting from the luminous means 17, the light beam 29a reaches the segment 24a of the first section 25 and is reflected there directly as a light beam component 29b and thus thrown directly onto the surface 13.

This also applies to the other light beams of the, based on the Fig. 2 , from the illuminant 17 to the right extending beam.

The situation is different with those light beams which, starting from the illuminant 17, extend to the segments 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q, 26r , 26s, 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w of the second section 27 of the reflector element 16. Based on the light beam 28 whose course is to be exemplified. Starting from the light source 17, the light beam 28 initially falls on the reflective surface of the segment 26a. From there, the light beam is not thrown out of the reflector element 16, but is reflected in the direction of the first portion 25 out. Namely, the light beam 28b impinges on the segment 24a of the first section 25. From there, the light beam 28b is thrown onto the building surface 13 as a light beam 28c.

The same applies to the other light beams of the light beam, which, starting from the light source 17, based on the Fig. 2 , extends to the left.

In accordance with the invention, a double reflection of light components is thus provided such that light components coming from the illuminant 17 reach segments 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p , 26q, 26r, 26s, 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w of the second section 27 of the reflector element 16 fall, initially Segments 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w of the first section 25 are retroreflected and only from there, leaving the reflector element 16, are thrown onto the building surface 13.

Due to the inventive design of the inner side 30 of the reflector element 16, the building wall 13 on their, based on Fig. 1 , Lower area be subjected to higher luminous fluxes. Similarly, in a correspondingly rotated arrangement of the reflector element 16 within the lamp housing 17, based on the Fig. 1 Alternatively, however, an upper portion or another portion of the side wall 13 of the building to be illuminated stronger or focal focal points.

Based on Fig. 3 It should now be clarified that the inner side 30 of the reflector element 16 can be subdivided, for example, into four circumferential segments A, B, C and D.

For example, the first portion 25 may be provided by the circumferential segment C and may extend over a circumferential angular range of α of about 90 °, for example.

Also, the second portion 27 may extend for example over a circumferential angular range β of about 90 °.

Fig. 3 makes it clear that those light beams which, starting from the point-shaped luminous means 17, directly strike the first section 25, are reflected from there directly to the outside and leave the reflector element 16. This applies, for example, for the light beam 31 a, the light 10 leaves after reflection on the first portion 25 as a light beam 31 b. Similarly, this is true for the light beam 32a, which leaves the reflector element as light beam 32b after reflection on the first section 25.

Those light beams which, starting from the light source 17, strike areas of the second section 27 are first reflected there, thereby thrown onto the first area 25 and only then reflected outward therefrom. For example, the light beam 33a, coming from the light source 17, is reflected on the second section 27 and thrown from there as a light beam 33b onto the first section 25. From there, the light beam as the light beam 33c leaves the reflector element 16 only after further reflection. The same applies to the light beam 34a, which is initially reflected by the light source 17 at the second section 27 and reflected back to the first section 25 as light beam 34b. From there, the light beam leaves the reflector element 16 as light beam 24c after further reflection.

The segments B and D of the reflector element 16 contribute in a conventional manner to the reflection. The inner surface 30 of these reflector sections serves to throw light rays coming from the light source directly to the outside. The areas B and D receive so far no, coming from the second section 27 light rays.

For example, the light beam 35a coming from the light source 17 is reflected at this area D and leaves the light as the light beam 35b. The same applies to the light beam 36a, which is coming from the illuminant 17, is reflected by the region B and leaves the luminaire there as a light beam 36b.

The Fig. 3 represents the inside 30 of the reflector element 16 of the Fig. 2 merely schematically. The observer must look at the inside 30 of the reflector element 16 of the Fig. 3 present with many facets. In this case, for example, as described in the Applicant's patent applications cited above, segments may be involved which are provided with inwardly projecting, curved surfaces. It can However, equally well to differently shaped, suitable sections or curved surfaces of the reflector, regardless of their basic form, act. For example, the segments can also be elongated, bead-shaped.

The FIGS. 1 to 3 make it clear that due to the double reflection, for example, the achievement of a preferred light direction is made possible. By means of a light distribution oriented along a preferred direction, it is possible, for example, to achieve focal focal points on building surfaces or to illuminate regions of the building surface 13 arranged particularly close to or far from the luminaire 10.

With reference to the embodiment of Fig. 4 Now it should be clarified that a subdivision of the inner surface 30 of the reflector element 16 can also be made in a changed way:

Fig. 4 makes it clear that the inner surface 30 of the reflector element, for example, can also be divided into six segments A, B, C, D, E and F. Here, the segments B and F are formed as retroreflective areas which initially reflect the light components which originate directly from the light source 17 onto the segment D.

The segment D is regarded as the first section 25 of the inner surface 30 of the reflector element 16. The segment B is regarded as a second section 27a and the segment F as a further second section 27b in the sense of the present patent application.

Those portions of light which come from the light source 17, to the section 27 a, are reflected from there to the first portion 25 and leave the reflector element only after reflection at the portion. The same applies to light rays emitted by the Coming light source 17, first meet the area 27b. This should be clarified as follows.

The light beam 38a initially strikes the second section 27a from the light source 17, is reflected therefrom as light beam 38b onto the first section 25, and only thrown out of the luminaire as a light beam 38c after reflection.

Fig. 4 makes clear so far that the reflector surface 30 can also be divided into several segments. Of importance, however, that the first portion 25 and the second portions 27a, 27b are each formed contiguous, that are bordered by a common contour line, but are spaced from each other.

The remaining, represented by arrows light beams 37, 39, 40, 41 and 42 correspond in their importance and their course forth in Fig. 3 already explained Lichtstrahlverläufen.

evidenced Fig. 8 Let it now be clarified that the luminaire 10 according to the invention, for example, serves to generate a light distribution which is not rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal central axis M of the reflector element.

Fig. 8 shows in a very schematic representation of the lamp 10 of Fig. 1 in view of the bottom surface 12, as in a representation of a view of the partial section line VI-VI in Fig. 1 , It is assumed, however, that the luminaire 10 or the reflector element 16 is aligned in such a way that a plane formed by the circular light exit surface 47 of the reflector element 16 is aligned substantially parallel to the bottom surface 12. The longitudinal central axis M of the reflector element 16 is so far perpendicular to the bottom surface 12. In this case, it can be assumed that the building side wall 13 receives no light. Instead, the entire light emitted by the lamp is thrown onto the bottom surface 12.

With the lamp 10 of Fig. 8 a non-rotationally symmetric light distribution LV is generated. It has an arbitrary contour K and an arbitrary intensity profile within the area bordered by the contour K. As non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution in the sense of the present patent application, any light distribution is understood which has no rotational symmetry with respect to the longitudinal central axis M of the reflector element 16. The light distribution curve LV of Fig. 8 is, since it is not rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal central axis M, and extends in particular on one side away from the longitudinal central axis M, such a non-rotationally symmetrical light distribution.

Based on FIGS. 5 to 7 will now be clarified, as in a reflector element 16 according to Fig. 2 allows the light distribution to be measured concretely.

Fig. 7 shows a very schematic representation similar to the Fig. 1 , Here is a difference to the representation of Fig. 1 to see that the radiator 10 with respect to the representation of the Fig. 1 has been pivoted about 20 ° clockwise about a pivot axis SW, ie such that the longitudinal center axis M is now substantially perpendicular to the building wall 13.

The curved double arrow γ denotes in Fig. 7 the 180 ° space angle at which the reflector element 16 opens. The in the polar coordinate diagram of the Fig. 5 shown in solid lines curve 48 shows, based on the representation of Fig. 7 , the intensity profile of the light distribution as a function of the solid angle γ. They are out Fig. 5 apparent degrees in Fig. 7 been taken over accordingly.

Fig. 6 shows a very schematic representation of a lamp according to the invention in a mounting position of Fig. 1 , as in a representation of the section line VI-VI in Fig. 1 , It should be noted, however, that here too the reflector element 16 is directed with its light exit opening 47 frontally on the building wall 13.

The solid angle δ corresponds equally to a 180 ° angle. Here is in further agreement with the presentation of Fig. 5 made a corresponding angle description.

Fig. 5 shows in a dash-dotted curve line 49 the intensity profile of the light distribution as a function of the circumferential angle δ. One recognizes from the representation of the Fig. 5 in that a substantially symmetrical light distribution curve, relative to the longitudinal central axis M, can be achieved along the solid angle δ.

On the other hand, the curve 48 makes the Fig. 5 clearly that a preferred direction relative to the solid angle γ of the lamp 10 according to the invention can be achieved. This preferred direction is possible due to the invention, previously described double reflection.

Relative to the embodiment of the Fig. 3 It should be noted that those segments which are arranged in the first section 25, for example, have a special surface of the first kind. The segments which are arranged along the second section 27 may be provided with a surface of the second kind. For example, the segments of the second section 27 may be formed as cylindrical segments. These can, as in the German patent application DE 10 2007 035 528.0 described by the applicant, be formed with undercuts. A corresponding geometry with undercuts shows the rest FIG. 2 for the segments 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l of the second section 27th

The segments 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w of the first section 25 may be in contrast, have a different surface type. For example, these may be elements having substantially planar, reflective surfaces.

The calculation of the training of the individual segments takes place in complex computer simulations. Each surface of each individual segment is calculated individually, individually in order to generate an overall optimized light distribution curve LV.

The description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings is to be understood as exemplary only. It should be made clear that predominant portions of light which, starting from the light source 17, directly strike areas of the first section 25, are reflected from the section 25 outwards towards the building surface 13.

The predominant portion of the light components which, starting from the luminous means 17, strike the second area 27 directly, should be reflected onto sections of the first area 25 and leave the luminaire therefrom only after further reflection.

• Fig. 9 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Reflektorelementes 16 in Innenansicht, wobei der Einfachheit halber das Leuchtmittel nicht dargestellt ist. Man erkennt, dass die Innenseite 30 des Reflektorelementes 16 in eine Vielzahl von strukturiert angeordneten Segmenten unterteilt ist. Die einzelnen Segmente weisen individuell berechnete und gestaltete Oberflächen auf.

Finally, yet another embodiment of a reflector element 16 of a lamp 10 according to the invention with reference to the representations of Fig. 9 to 11 be explained:

• Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the reflector element 16 in an interior view, wherein the sake of simplicity, the light source is not shown. It can be seen that the inner side 30 of the reflector element 16 arranged in a variety of structured Segments is divided. The individual segments have individually calculated and designed surfaces.

As is clear from the Fig. 9 and 10 clearly shows, the inner side 30 of its basic shape is substantially rotationally symmetrical about the longitudinal center axis M formed reflector element in numerous peripheral regions A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H divided. These individual circumferential angular ranges have different lighting functions.

Of particular importance is that, except for the circumferential angle range C, all peripheral angle ranges A, B, D, E, F, G, H along their entire, ranging from the free edge region R of the reflector element 16 to the apex region S section an equal or comparable photometric function have.

By contrast, the circumferential angle region C can be subdivided into a region U ₁ close to the edge and a region U ₂ close to the crest. These two sections U1 and U2 have different lighting functions.

In the reflector element of Fig. 9 to 11 the circumferential angle ranges A, U ₂ , E, F, G and H are designed to direct those light components that come from the not shown light source 17 on the corresponding segment surfaces, directly to the in Fig. 10 To steer the building surface, not shown, and thus to ensure that the corresponding light beams for the greater part of the reflector element 16 directly, without further reflection on the reflector element 16 leave.

The areas B, U ₁ and D, however, are designed to be retro-reflective. This means that those portions of the light which strike the areas B, U1 and D from the illuminant, initially to others Sections of the reflector element are reflected and thrown after further reflection on the building surface.

It is evident that the illustrated, exemplary light beam courses of the Fig. 10 to recognize that the light components that fall on one of the sections B, U ₁ and D, from there in each case to a precisely 180 ° opposite portion of the reflector element are reflected and only after this second reflection leave the light. The back reflection takes place advantageously along a straight line which intersects the longitudinal central axis M of the reflector element or runs directly adjacent thereto.

The segments, which are arranged in the circumferential angular ranges F and H, are provided with flat, ie flat surfaces. In accordance with the nomenclature of Fig. 2 Some of these segments are designated by reference numeral 24, sometimes with the addition of small letters, and partly with the addition of one or more apostrophes.

Those segments which are arranged in the areas B, U ₁ and D are exemplary, in accordance with the nomenclature of Fig. 2 , designated by the reference numeral 26 with partial addition of small letters and one or more apostrophes.

Those segments (eg the segment 24c ''') which are arranged in the regions G are cylindrical, ie they have a substantially cylindrically curved surface. The segments which are arranged in the circumferential angular ranges A, B, U ₁ , U ₂ , D and E, each have cylindrically curved surfaces.

Fig. 10 indicates that the circumferential angular ranges B, U1 and D together form a coherent, retroreflective form second section 27 in the sense of the present patent application. Likewise, the segments of the regions F, G and H form a total of a reflective portion 25 in the sense of the present patent application.

The second section 27 consists of several subsections B, U ₁ and D. However, the section U _{2 of} the inner surface 30 of the reflector element does not count to a second section in the sense of the present patent application, since light rays leave the reflector element 16 after only a single reflection.

• Der ausgehend von dem nicht dargestellten Leuchtmittel direkt auf den Abschnitt U₂ treffende Lichtstrahl 50a wird nur einmalig reflektiert und als Lichtstrahl 50b aus dem Reflektorelement 16 heraus emittiert.

Below is still on the basis of the individual light arrows 50 to 56 of the Fig. 10 the principle of the invention will be explained in more detail:

• The light beam 50a striking the section U ₂ starting from the illuminant, not shown, is only reflected once and emitted out of the reflector element 16 as a light beam 50b.

The directly originating from the light source light beam 51 a, which meets the circumferential angle range B, is first reflected back from there as a light beam 51 b and strikes a segment of the circumferential angle range F. There takes place a further reflection, so that the light beam as a light arrow 51 c leaves the reflector element.

The light beam 52a strikes, coming from the light source, directly on the surface of a segment of the area H and is reflected from there as a light beam 52b directly from the reflector element 16 out.

The light beam 52b leaves according to the schematic representation of Fig. 10 the reflector element in a direction to the bottom left. In this connection, it should be noted that the directions indicated in the drawings of the arrows representing light rays only are to be understood schematically. In fact, the surface of the segment impinged by the light beam 52a will be oriented such that the light beam 52b will be the reflector element 16 of FIG Fig. 10 leaves under a different direction, and in particular runs parallel or approximately parallel to the light beam 51c.

Incidentally, this applies to all schematically illustrated light arrows, also for the light rays representing arrows of Fig. 11 ,

The viewer of the drawings of this patent application will appreciate that the light arrows shown are intended to illustrate only the lighting function of the corresponding portion of the reflector surface, and are not to be understood in terms of their exact direction.

The light beam 53a, coming from the light source, strikes a segment of the region G and is reflected from there out of the reflector element as a light beam 53b.

The light beam 54a, starting from the light source, strikes a segment of the region F, is reflected once and leaves the reflector element as the light beam 54b.

A light beam 55a, coming from the light source, strikes a circumferential angle region G of the second section 27 and is reflected back therefrom as a light beam 55b onto a segment of the region H and from there, after further reflection, reflected out of the reflector element as light beam 55c ,

A light beam 56a originates from the light source, strikes a segment of the circumferential angular range U1 and is from there as a light beam 56b on the 180 ° opposite region G. reflected back, and reflected from there for further reflection as a light beam 56c from the reflector element out.

The indicated light rays of a region illustrate the photometric behavior of this region in each case for all segments of this region.

Fig. 10 makes it clear that, in the case of back reflection, a light beam strikes a segment of one of the regions B, U ₁ or D, this being reflected back to a segment substantially opposite to the longitudinal center axis, and from there to further reflection from the latter Reflector element is reflected out.

In the end, it's still up Fig. 12 referenced, which in a representation similar to the Fig. 1 shows a further embodiment of a luminaire 10 according to the invention, which is designed as a radiator and is fixedly arranged on the bottom 12. This luminaire serves equally the illumination of a building wall 13, analogous to the representation of Fig. 1 , With the in the Fig. 12 illustrated luminaire 10, however, should primarily be illuminated upper areas of the building wall.

For the sake of simplicity, in Fig. 12 in the Fig. 1 used for another embodiment.
For the sake of completeness it should be noted that the reflector element 16 of the luminaire Fig. 12 relative to the position of Fig. 1 is arranged rotated by 180 ° about the longitudinal center axis M.

Claims (15)

Luminaire (10) for illuminating building surfaces (13), comprising a shell-shaped reflector element (16), in whose interior (46) a light source (17) can be arranged, characterized in that the inner surface (30) of the reflector element at least a first portion ( 25) and a second section (27), wherein light (29a) coming from the light source impinges on the first section (25) is predominantly directed (29b) from the first section to the building surface, and wherein at least a substantial portion of the light (28a) coming from the light source (17) impinging on the second section (27) only hits the building surface (27c) on the first section (25) as a result of further reflection. Luminaire according to claim 1, characterized in that the first portion (25) is formed contiguous. Luminaire according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second portion (27) is formed contiguous. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light which comes from the light source on the first portion (25), is directed substantially completely from the first section on the building surface (13) Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predominant portion of the light, which from the light source (17) coming on the second section (27), only on the first section (25) meets the building surface due to a further reflection , Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamp (10) is arranged stationary. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflector element (16) within a lamp housing (15) is arranged. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflector element (16) with respect to its ground form around a longitudinal central axis (M) is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical. Luminaire according to claim 8, characterized in that the reflective inner surface (30) of the reflector element is formed such that the light distribution generated by the lamp (LV) with respect to the longitudinal central axis (M) of the reflector element is not formed rotationally symmetrical. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inside of the reflector element with numerous segments (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q , 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w, 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 261, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q, 26r, 26s, 26t , 26u, 26v, 26w) is occupied in a non-rotationally symmetric arrangement Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inside (30) of the reflector element (16) completely with segments (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 241, 24m, 24n , 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w, 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q , 26r, 26s, 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w). Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that along the first section (25) segments of the first type (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w) and along the second section (27) segments (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 26l, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q, 26r, 26s, 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w) are arranged secondly, of a different kind, on the other hand. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that along the first section (25) segments (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f, 24g, 24h, 24j, 24k, 24l, 24m, 24n, 24o, 24p, 24q, 24r, 24s, 24t, 24u, 24v, 24w) are arranged with flat surfaces. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that along the second portion (27) segments (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26g, 26h, 26j, 26k, 261, 26m, 26n, 26o, 26p, 26q, 26r, 26s, 26t, 26u, 26v, 26w) are arranged with curved, in particular with cylindrically curved surfaces. Luminaire according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lamp is designed as a pole lamp.

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