EP3408587B1 - Optical system for influencing the light output of a light source - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an optical system according to claim 1.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a lamp in which a corresponding optical system is used, wherein the lamp can in particular be a lamp that is used outdoors.

Luminaires, with the help of which certain areas or objects are to be illuminated, must inevitably have means with the aid of which the light generated by the lighting means is specifically emitted into the area to be illuminated. As a rule, these are optical elements that are additional to the lighting means, which influence the light through reflection and / or refraction in such a way that it is aligned in the desired manner according to the lighting situation.

CN 202188357 U describes an LED lighting module with a bowl-shaped and part-spherical reflector and a central translucent element with a certain surface structure, which causes three different beam courses. A central part causes a parallel direct coupling out from the center of the reflector. Divergent light beams that are reflected or refracted on the side wall are emitted concentrically to the centrally coupled light beam. Light, which is first reflected on the outer refraction reflection wall and then refracted on the side wall, reaches the outer shell area of the reflector and is reflected from there in parallel to the outside.

US 2011/255290 A1 describes an LED light emitting device which emits parallel or converging light. In order to improve the parallelism and / or the accuracy of the convergence of the light, the device comprises a bowl-shaped reflector in the form of a paraboloid of revolution with a concave reflecting surface which has a combined lens radially symmetrically. The LED light is refracted on the lens surfaces in such a way that it is emitted in parallel after reflection on the reflector.

DE 10 2012 006 999 A1 describes a luminaire in the form of a combination of LED light source, collimator optics and reflector, whereby the collimator optics enables new luminaire geometries. The reflector is designed differently, for example with a matt white inside to block out scattered light, as a downlight or darklight reflector or mirrored, in particular highly reflective or with a special design of the edges of the reflector, whereby undesired scattered light is blocked out, etc.

US 2006 193137 A1 describes an LED lamp in a light module, in which the light should be directed or directed efficiently. The efficiency of the LED lamp is improved in that a virtual image is also generated in a so-called light guide element, whereby the light output is increased while maintaining a single LED light source.

US 2004 027833 A1 describes a vehicle light in which the LED light is radiated into a complex structured, rotationally symmetrical, translucent element. The complex surface geometry of the element causes an exclusively radial decoupling of the light, regardless of the angle of incidence of the incident LED light. A likewise rotationally symmetrical reflector surrounding the light source and the element reflects the radially incident light outwards due to its Fresnel-like structure.

EP 1496488 A1 relates to a surface light emitting device for decorative lighting (e.g. of pictures). In order to obtain a uniform light emission surface, a semi-transparent diffusion plate is provided in front of the LED light source, on the opposite side a reflector made of reflective floor and slope sections surrounding the LED, which form a unit in a circular or polygonal shape. A light control device regulates the amount of light emitted or transmitted. All light emitted is basically diffuse because of the semi-transparent plate.

DE 10 2010 041 478 A1 discloses an LED light having a housing, a reflector, an arrangement for emitting light and a cover. The light is first emitted by a light emitting element and then through the cover. A large number of light emitting elements is disclosed, all of which differ in the controllability of the light emitting characteristics (low scattering effect - strong scattering effect due to different material distribution or material thickness distribution). The user has the choice of light emitting elements suitable for his purpose.

One possibility of influencing the light output in the desired way are the reflectors mentioned. Here it is often provided that not a single large reflector is used, but instead several pot-like reflectors are joined together like a matrix to form a so-called grid, via which the light from the illuminants is then emitted. While larger illuminants in the form of elongated fluorescent lamps or the like were used in the past, LEDs are now generally used, in which case an LED illuminant is then usually assigned to each individual reflector pot. The lighting means can be individual LEDs or clusters consisting, for example, of several different colored LEDs, which then ultimately emit a mixed light in the desired color or color temperature.

The design of the reflector is then such that due to the shape of the reflector wall and the corresponding positioning of the light source relative to the reflector, all light rays are influenced in such a way that they can only leave the reflector within a certain angular range, the angular range being selected such that the Light emission takes place in the desired direction. Outside of this area, which is primarily defined by the design of the reflector, on the other hand, almost no light is emitted, so that the light can be influenced very easily and effectively in this way. Reflector grids of this type are therefore used very frequently and in different areas of application, for example to achieve so-called glare-free lighting or to avoid disruptive reflections on screen surfaces or the like.

The complete restriction of the light output to the angular range given by the reflector has, on the other hand, the consequence that the lamp or the switched-on state of the lamp can only be recognized by an observer if he is in the solid angle range in which the light output predetermined by the reflector takes place. If, on the other hand, the observer is outside this angular range, the light initially appears dark from his point of view.

This in turn means that the eye of the observer at the transition from the non-illuminated area to the illuminated area causes a strong increase in brightness to which the eye has to get used to within a very short time. This is often perceived as unpleasant, which is why attempts are often made to signal the switched-on state of the lamp to the observer with the help of additional lighting effects on the one hand and to the eye of the on the other hand To enable the observer to adapt in advance, at least to a certain extent, to the increased brightness that is present in the illuminated area. These measures often involve indirect or secondary light output, which is achieved with the help of additional light sources which, for example, direct light onto the ceiling of a room in which the luminaire is located, or give off diffuse light from the side.

Such measures for secondary light emission are, however, associated with additional expenditure and are rather unusual or not feasible in the case of luminaires in outdoor areas. Here too, however, the problem often arises that abrupt increases in brightness should be avoided during the transition from a non-illuminated area to an illuminated area.

The problem described above does not only exist when using reflector grids or cup-like individual reflectors, but can also arise with other types of optics. For example, so-called TIR lenses are very often used to influence the light from LEDs, which extremely efficiently bundle the light originally emitted by the LED in a very wide angular range, i.e. restrict it to a specific angular range. In this case too, strong differences in brightness occur at the transition between the non-illuminated area and the illuminated area, which are perceived as unpleasant.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing novel possibilities for influencing the light output of a light source, which on the one hand allow the light to be emitted very efficiently in a desired area, but on the other hand avoid the problems described above.

The object is achieved by an optical system which has the features of claim 1. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

The solution according to the invention is based on the idea of influencing the light output of a light source, for example an LED, on the one hand with the aid of a pot-like reflector and insert and on the other hand with the aid of a lens. It is provided that the lens is designed such that a first portion of the light is radiated essentially independently of the reflector in a preferred direction defined by the lens. Furthermore, the lens is also designed to emit a second portion of the light laterally in such a way that it Part falls on the inner wall of the reflector. This reflector wall is designed in particular to be diffusely reflective, so that it appears slightly brightened by the second portion of the light from the most varied of viewing directions.

Even at flat viewing angles, at which glare should be excluded for an observer and into which the primary portion of the light is accordingly not emitted with the help of the lens, the inner wall of the reflector appears slightly illuminated and can be recognized by an observer. This means that the observer can easily see before reaching the area directly illuminated by the lens that the lamp is switched on, and differences in brightness during the transition into the area directly illuminated by the first component are accordingly no longer perceived as disturbing.

According to the present invention, an optical system for influencing the light output of a light source is proposed, which has a pot-like reflector which has a light exit opening, and a lens which is designed to pass a first portion of the light through the light exit opening of the reflector to emit the lens in a defined preferred direction, the lens also being designed to emit a second portion of the light laterally in such a way that this portion falls on the reflector inner wall.

The invention is characterized in that a cup-like insert that can be inserted into the reflector is additionally provided and consists of a transparent and diffusely scattering material.

This insert, the outer contour of which corresponds to the inner contour of the reflector, rests against the inner walls of the reflector, but already scatters the second portion of the light that falls on it in different ways, with the scattering particles on the one hand and the transparent material of the insert on the other create an optical depth effect that makes the insert appear slightly glowing overall. This gives the lamp according to the invention a particularly attractive appearance when switched on.

This so-called glow reflector insert according to the invention, which preferably has a constant wall thickness, can be formed from PMMA or PC, for example.

In the solution according to the invention, the pot-like reflector fulfills the task of restricting the light output to a certain angular range compared to previous luminaire grids, but rather it now serves to diffuse a small amount of light in different directions in order to make the switched-on state of the lamp recognizable . The actual light control, on the other hand, is carried out by the lens, so that the two optical elements reflector and lens interact in a completely new way.

The lens can be a so-called TIR lens in the classic way. In this case, it then initially has a so-called collimator, which is approximately frustoconical and faces the light source. This can have a recess facing the light source, the jacket and bottom surfaces of which form a light entry surface of the lens, the LED then being positioned in the area of this recess in a known manner.

According to a first exemplary embodiment, the lens can then have an essentially planar light exit surface. In this case, the light is then preferably emitted in a direction which is essentially parallel to the perpendicular with respect to the plane of the light exit opening of the reflector. The inner wall of the reflector can then be brightened by the second portion of the light, for example, by using scattered light which is emitted by the lens. In addition, this effect can also be intensified in a targeted manner in that, for example, edge areas of the light exit surface of the lens are specifically provided with a corresponding scatter structure.

As an alternative to this embodiment of a lens, however, it can also be provided that the first light component is emitted in a direction which is inclined with respect to an axis perpendicular to the plane of the light exit opening of the reflector. This can be particularly desirable when, for example, the reflector is oriented vertically downwards, but with the aid of the lamp, for example, an asymmetrical light output is to be achieved, as is desired in lamps for street lighting or the like. In this case, lenses must then be used which bring about an asymmetrical light emission, which can take place, for example, in that the light exit region of the lens has a so-called Fresnel structure. In order to be able to achieve the inventive brightening of the reflector inner wall with the aid of the second light component in this case, it can now be provided that a scattering or decoupling structure is formed on the circumference of the Fresnel structure, via which the second light component is emitted. In this case, the lens is preferably arranged at least with its light exit area or the Fresnel structure within the reflector.

The lighting effect according to the invention, namely that with the aid of the illuminated reflector inner wall, the switched-on state of the lamp can be recognized from a wide variety of viewing directions, is particularly effective when the reflector is designed to be diffusely scattering.

The use of the additional insert is not absolutely necessary in combination with the lens described above. Rather, such an application could also be used in other optical systems (not claimed). According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the optical system is designed in such a way that it has a plurality of reflectors which are arranged like a matrix and together form a corresponding grid. The reflectors can be at least partially connected to one another in one piece. If the above-mentioned additional inserts made of the transparent and diffusely scattering material are used, then these are also preferably made in one piece so that they can be attached to the grid in a corresponding manner from the light exit side and, for example, locked to it.

As already mentioned, a preferred application example of the invention is a light in the outdoor area. This can be a light, which emits focused light in a targeted manner in a desired area, for example to illuminate an object or the like located in this area. In the same way, however, a luminaire can also be implemented that is used, for example, to illuminate a street or a sidewalk and accordingly overall effects an asymmetrical light output, which enables a longer street section to be illuminated.

Figuren 1 und 2

Ansichten eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Leuchte, bei der das erfindungsgemäße optische System zum Einsatz kommen kann;

Figuren 3 bis 5

Ansichten einer einzelnen, für die Lichterzeugung verantwortlichen Leuchtmittel-Baugruppe der Leuchte;

Figuren 6 und 7

Ansichten eines Reflektorrasters, welches Bestandteil der in den Figuren 3 bis 5 gezeigten Leuchtmittel-Baugruppe ist;

Figur 8

eine seitliche Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Glow-Einsatzes für das Reflektorraster;

Figur 9

den Vorgang des Zusammenfügens der Leuchtmittel-Baugruppe;

Figuren 10 bis 12

Ansichten einer erfindungsgemäßen Linse, mit deren Hilfe einerseits Licht in eine Vorzugsrichtung abgegeben wird und andererseits die Reflektorwände beleuchtet werden;

Figur 13

eine vergrößerte Ansicht der Linse der Figuren 10 bis 12;

Figur 14

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Leuchte, bei der das erfindungsgemäße optische System zum Einsatz kommen kann und

Figuren 15 und 16

Ansichten einer bei dieser zweiten Leuchte zum Einsatz kommenden alternativen Linse.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

Figures 1 and 2

Views of a first exemplary embodiment of a lamp in which the optical system according to the invention can be used;

Figures 3 to 5

Views of an individual lamp assembly of the luminaire responsible for generating light;

Figures 6 and 7

Views of a reflector grid, which is part of the Figures 3 to 5 lamp assembly shown is;

Figure 8

a side view of a glow insert according to the invention for the reflector grid;

Figure 9

the process of assembling the lamp assembly;

Figures 10 to 12

Views of a lens according to the invention, with the aid of which light is emitted in a preferred direction on the one hand and the reflector walls are illuminated on the other hand;

Figure 13

an enlarged view of the lens of FIG Figures 10 to 12 ;

Figure 14

a second embodiment of a lamp in which the optical system according to the invention can be used and

Figures 15 and 16

Views of an alternative lens used in this second lamp.

The Figures 1 and 2 initially show two perspective views of a first luminaire intended for outdoor use, which is generally provided with the reference symbol 100 in the figures. It is a luminaire whose optical system - as explained in more detail below - is designed in such a way that an asymmetrical light emission is achieved, such that, viewed in the longitudinal direction L of the luminaire 100, a very strong expansion of the emitted light takes place. If such a lamp is attached, for example, to a column-like support or to a house wall, then, for example, the street area below can be illuminated over a greater distance on both sides. The lamp 100 shown is accordingly particularly suitable for illuminating streets, lanes and / or sidewalks.

The luminaire 100 is basically constructed in two parts with an approximately cuboid-shaped first module 110 and a second module 120, the so-called illuminant module, which is also cuboid-shaped and is attached to the first module 110. The first module 110 here contains a large part of the electronic components of the luminaire 100, in particular the necessary means for converting the general supply voltage into an operating voltage suitable for operating the lighting means. This can in particular be a correspondingly designed LED converter.

The lamp 100 is fastened to a suitable carrier via a connection area 115 which is formed on a rear wall 111 of the first module 110. The connection to external power supply lines is also made via this connection area 115, whereby according to a preferred variant it can also be provided that the connection area 115 defines an axis of rotation R around which - at least in a certain angular range - the first module 110 and thus the luminaire 100 as a whole can be rotated or pivoted.

The illuminant module 120 is also cuboid-shaped according to the illustration and, viewed in the longitudinal direction, has comparable dimensions to the first module 110, but is arranged slightly offset from it for aesthetic reasons. The fastening of the lamp module 120 to the first module 110 can be rigid here. As an alternative to this, however, it would also be conceivable to design the connection in such a way that the illuminant module 120 can be pivoted about an axis that runs parallel to the longitudinal direction L in accordance with the indicated arrow. Here, too, the connection can be designed in such a way that the pivoting of the illuminant module 120 is restricted to a specific angular range. In the case of use as a luminaire for street lighting the light output can then be adapted to the distance between the lane to be illuminated and the carrier to which the lamp 100 is attached, for example by pivoting.

The design of the illuminant module 120 is primarily intended to be explained below, since it contains the optical components according to the invention.

As in Figure 1 As can be seen, the illuminant module 120 has a matrix-like arrangement of illuminants and associated optical elements within the cuboid housing. These optical elements form, inter alia, a grid-like reflector arrangement, the light exit opening of the illuminant module 120 being covered by a transparent pane 125. This transparent pane 125 primarily serves to protect the components responsible for generating light from external influences, but it preferably does not influence the light output of the luminaire 100.

In the Figure 1 recognizable grid-like configuration of the optical means is achieved by the two-dimensional joining together of individual so-called lamp assemblies, as they are in the Figures 3-5 are shown. Each assembly designated by the reference numeral 50 has four individual illuminants in the form of LEDs and associated optical elements for influencing the light output. This means that in the Figures 1 and 2 A total of eight corresponding lamp assemblies 50 are used, which are arranged in two adjacent rows of four assemblies 50 each. Of course, depending on the size of the lamp, the number and arrangement of the lamp assemblies 50 can be selected accordingly. As will be explained in more detail below, the lighting means assemblies 50 are designed identically apart from the orientation of the lenses used.

As in the Figures 3-5 recognizable first of all on a carrier element in the form of an approximately square printed circuit board 55, on which the LEDs responsible for generating light, which cannot be seen in the figures, are initially arranged. These can be individual LEDs and possibly also LED clusters, which then ultimately emit a mixed light in the desired color.

The circuit board 55 is also used to hold the other optical components that are responsible for influencing the light output. It These are first of all lenses 10 and cup-like reflectors 20. Both lenses 10 and reflectors 20 are preferably each connected to one another to form an assembly in order to keep the number of individual parts when assembling the lamp 100 as low as possible. In particular, however, the lenses 10 could possibly also be present as individual components. The four pot-like reflectors 20 are, however, preferably isolated to the one in the Figures 6 and 7 2x2 grid 30 shown, since otherwise a correspondingly coordinated positioning of the individual reflectors 20 would be very expensive and laborious.

The individual reflectors 20 of the grid 30 are each designed approximately like a truncated pyramid and each have a square light exit opening 21 and a circular bottom opening 22 opposite this. A special feature here is that the light exit openings 21 of the individual reflectors 20 do not have a square or rectangular shape, but instead represent an irregular rectangle, so that a distorted truncated cone shape also results for the reflector 20. Overall, however, the four light exit openings 21 of the 2 × 2 reflector grid 30 form a square. This is primarily a measure that gives the luminaire 100 an attractive and interesting appearance, since the light output for illuminating a section of road, for example, is primarily carried out by the lenses 10, which are described in more detail below. Accordingly, it would also be possible, for example, to choose square light exit openings 21 for the individual reflectors 20. The reflector grid 30 formed from the four reflectors 20 is then attached via a locking pin 31 provided on its underside (see Fig. Figure 7 ) attached to the carrier board 55, although other attachment measures can of course also be provided if necessary.

In contrast to classic reflector grids, however, the reflector grids 30 in the present inventive solution represent only a secondary element for the light output of the luminaire 100. The light output is primarily determined by the lenses 10 individually assigned to the light sources. The shape of the lenses can in particular Figures 10-12 are removed, which are so-called TIR (total internal reflection) lenses, which initially have a collimator 11 facing the light source. As shown in the present example, this collimator 11 is designed to be rotationally symmetrical in the form of a truncated cone and has an approximately circular recess 12 on its light entry side. The positioning takes place here in such a way that the LED protrudes into this recess 12 and accordingly all of the light from the LED falls into the collimator 11. On the lateral surface of the collimator 11 then takes place in a known manner total internal reflection of the light, so that it is initially aligned essentially parallel. In principle, such TIR lenses with a collimator facing the light source are already known.

In the present example, the light exit area 15 of the lens adjoining the collimator 11 then has a Fresnel-like structure 16, with the aid of which the light is emitted asymmetrically in a preferred direction. The light exit area 15 is connected to the collimator 11 via a disk-like intermediate area 14 which, however, does not have any significant influence on the light output, but primarily serves to completely fill the bottom opening 22 of the associated pot-like reflector 20 when the optical system is installed. As in Figure 4 can be seen, the reflectors 20 are then arranged at a distance from the circuit board 50 and the light sources, this distance being bridged by the collimator 11 of the respective lens 10.

The Fresnel-like structure 16 of the lens 10, which is particularly good in the Figures 10 and 12 can be seen, causes, as already mentioned, an asymmetrical light emission in a preferred direction. This is achieved in particular by the inclined top surfaces of the individual rib-like Fresnel segments, on which the light in turn is preferably totally internally reflected and then as in FIG Figure 12 is recognizable at an angle. The orientation of the lens 10 and thus the preferred direction in which the light is primarily emitted can also be seen from an arrow-like marking 14a formed on the disk-like intermediate area 14, so that the direction in which the light is emitted can be seen immediately. The light output of the lens 10 via the Fresnel structure 16 is preferably such that it is no longer or only insignificantly influenced by the reflector 20 surrounding the lens 10.

How based on the in Figure 5 14a shown is recognizable, it is preferably provided that the four lenses 10 of an individual lamp assembly 50 are each aligned identically so that a lamp assembly 50 emits light uniformly in a certain preferred direction. The in the Figures 1 and 2 The lamp assemblies 50 shown in the luminaire 100 then differ, however, with regard to the orientation of the associated lenses 10, so that each lamp assembly 50 emits light in a somewhat different angular range. A superimposition of these eight directions of light emission of the lamp assemblies 50 then leads overall to the longitudinally stretched and thus asymmetrical light output, as is striven for street lighting, as already mentioned.

Of course, it would also be conceivable to align a single lens 10 individually in a desired direction and thereby achieve the asymmetrical light output. The variant shown, in which all lenses 10 of a lamp assembly 50 have the same orientation, is advantageous insofar as the failure of an individual LED does not have a negative effect on the overall light output of the lamp 100 and there is no need to fear that partial areas will then of the entire area to be illuminated can no longer be illuminated.

The overall resulting configuration of a lamp assembly 50 can then, for example, be shown in FIG Figure 4 can be removed. In other words, the light from each LED is first coupled into the collimator 11 of the associated lens 10 and then emitted via the Fresnel-like light output region 15 of the lens 10. While the collimator 11 is still arranged below or outside the pot-like reflectors 20, the light decoupling area 15 protrudes into the reflector space. During the assembly of a lamp assembly 50, the lenses 10 are first placed on the LEDs and then the reflector grid 30 is attached in the next assembly step.

With the measures described so far, an area to be illuminated can thus be efficiently illuminated by the luminaire 100 according to the invention. However, there is still the problem described at the outset that an observer who is located outside the area directly illuminated by the lenses 10 cannot or can only see with difficulty whether the lamp 100 is activated at all or not. This problem is solved in an elegant way with the aid of the additional optical measures described below.

A special feature of the lenses 10 used is that the light is primarily emitted as desired in the preferred direction defined by the Fresnel structure 16, but at least a small additional portion of the light is targeted laterally or over the circumference of the light exit area 15 is emitted in such a way that it falls on the walls of the pot-like reflector 20. Additional decoupling surfaces or structures 17 are responsible for this effect Figure 13 are shown and are responsible for the fact that a small proportion of the light is also emitted in other directions, in particular also in the opposite direction to the preferred light emission direction. The (surface) proportion of these coupling-out surfaces 17 is relatively small, since only a very small proportion of the light is intended to be used to brighten the surrounding reflector walls. In principle, this effect would also be through a corresponding roughening or achievable by adding scattering particles into the lens material, since such scattering counteracts the overall effect of the Fresnel structure 16, the shape shown with the aid of the additional light outcoupling surfaces or light outcoupling structures 17 is to be preferred. Ideally, however, the lateral decoupling of the second light component should take place over the entire circumference of the light exit area so that the entire reflector walls are actually completely illuminated.

Each lens 10 thus ensures that a first - preferably large - portion of the light is emitted in the preferred preferred direction and a second - preferably small - portion falls on the walls of the pot reflector 20 over the entire circumference, if possible. Here, the light is then scattered as diffuse as possible, which has the effect that when the lamp 100 is switched on, the reflector walls appear to be illuminated even at very flat viewing angles. I.e., also for people who are outside the actually illuminated area, i.e. are located in the area directly illuminated by the lenses 10, the reflector walls appear brighter and it can accordingly be recognized without a doubt whether the lamp is activated or not. This also gives the eye the opportunity at an early stage to adapt to the brightness transition when approaching the illuminated area, so that no more severe or disruptive glare occurs during the transition between an area not illuminated by the lenses and an illuminated area.

This photometric effect could therefore be achieved, for example, in that, in addition to the special design of the lens, the walls of the reflector are designed to be diffusely scattering. That is, in a first variant, which, however, is not the subject of the claims, it would be conceivable that the reflector grid is formed from a material which causes diffuse scattering, or the reflector surfaces could be provided with a diffusely scattering coating.

According to the invention, however, it is provided that the diffuse scattering of the second light component is carried out by an additional reflector insert that is inserted into the Figures 8 and 9 can be seen and is provided with the reference numeral 40. The insert 40 is similar to the reflector grid 30 in terms of its design and shape, so it again has four pot-like, frustoconical sections 45, each of which forms a light exit opening 46 and, opposite this, a circular entrance opening 47. Also with regard to the asymmetrical design of the openings 46, the insert 40 resembles the reflector grid 30. The dimensions of the insert 40 are now selected, however, in such a way that the outer contour of the Insert 40 corresponds to the inner contour of the reflector grid 30, so that the insert 40 can be inserted into the reflector grid 30 in a form-fitting manner from the top. Just like the reflector grid 30, the insert 40 is also made in one piece, the use of individual inserts also being conceivable here in the case of using individual reflector pots.

This reflector insert 40 now consists of a transparent material, for example PMMA or PC, which is additionally provided with scattering particles so that the insert 40 as a whole can bring about the above-mentioned, desired scattering of the second light component. However, because the insert 40 is made of a transparent material, the light is scattered not only on its surface, but also on the scattering particles distributed within the material of the insert 40 and possibly also on the surface of the reflector pot below, so that an optical A very attractive depth effect is achieved and, in particular, the impression is given that the insert 40 as a whole glows slightly when the lamp 100 is activated. The insert 40 preferably has an essentially constant wall thickness and is used when assembling the structural unit 50 - as in FIG Figure 9 recognizable - inserted into the reflector grid 30 from the top in the final assembly step.

With the help of these measures, not only the problem underlying the invention is solved, namely that the switched-on state of the lamp cannot be seen from flat angles, but also gives the lamp a particularly attractive appearance, especially when the lamp is switched on.

It should be pointed out that this special combination of reflector and associated light-scattering transparent insert is not necessarily restricted to the lens shape shown, but can also be used with other primary optics.

To do this, in Figure 14 Another exemplary embodiment of a lamp 200 according to the invention is shown, which basically corresponds to the first lamp 100 in terms of its structure. Once again, there is a two-part embodiment with a first module 210, which contains the electronic components, and a second module 220, which contains the lighting means, wherein the two modules 210, 220 can be coupled in such a way that the lighting means module 220 can be pivoted . In the present case, one difference is first of all that the number of light sources in the illuminant module 220 is lower and only here 16 light sources are used, which are distributed over four light source assemblies.

The basic structure of the lamp assemblies is again identical to that of the lamp according to FIGS Figures 1 and 2 , although no asymmetrical light distribution is sought, but instead the light should be emitted in a concentrated manner on a certain area. This has the consequence that the lamp according to Figure 14 the lamp assemblies have differently designed lenses. In particular, lenses are used here, as they are in the Figures 15 and 16 are shown.

These lenses 60 in turn have a frustoconical collimator section 61 which has a recess 62 facing the light source, the bottom and lateral surface of which forms the light entry surface of the lens. In contrast to the lenses 10 of the Figures 10-13 However, no Fresnel-like light emission area 15 is now required through which the light is emitted asymmetrically. Instead, the light exit region 65 of the lens 60 becomes the Figures 15 and 16 formed by a flat surface over which the light bundled by the collimator 61 is emitted. Ultimately, this has the consequence that the light output takes place parallel to the axis of rotation of the collimator 61, in which case the primary light output of the lens 60 is not or only very slightly influenced by the reflector.

In the bottom area of the collimator 61, a plate-shaped holding part 67 is now provided, which enables the lens 60 to be positioned in a defined manner on the carrier element of the illuminant assembly. In the assembled state of the lamp assembly 50, the collimator area 61 of the lens 60 with the associated light exit surface ends in the area of the bottom opening 22 of the associated pot reflector 20.

In this variant, too, the light output is primarily determined by the lens 60 itself, and less by the reflector 20. However, scattered light can again occur which is used to brighten the circumferential reflector walls of the pot-like reflector 20. In this case, too, a corresponding reflector insert 40 is therefore additionally provided within the reflector grid 30 according to the invention. Either the scattered light which is not completely suppressed anyway and which is emitted by the lens 60 can be used. It would also be possible in a targeted manner, for example by introducing scattering

Particles or structures in the edge area of the light exit surface 65 to emit a small amount of light in such a way that it illuminates the reflector walls. That is, with this second lamp 200 shown, the advantageous effect can be achieved that a person outside the illuminated area can easily recognize the switched-on state of the lamp 200.

Ultimately, the concept according to the invention therefore allows light to be emitted extremely effectively into a desired area, but despite everything to avoid the disadvantages that have so far resulted from strong light control. The use of the optical system according to the invention is of course not limited to lights for outdoor use, but can be used with all types of lights.

Claims (13)

1. Optical system for influencing the light emission of a light source, comprising

   • a pot-shaped reflector (20), which comprises a light exit opening (21),

   • a lens (10), which is configured to emit a first portion of the light via the light exit opening (21) of the reflector (20) in a preferred direction defined by the lens (10),

   wherein the lens (10, 60) is further configured to laterally emit a second portion of the light in such a way that this portion falls on the inner wall of the reflector,
   characterized in that
   a likewise pot-shaped insert (40) which can be inserted into the reflector (20) and consists of a transparent and diffusely scattering material is provided as well.
2. Optical system according to Claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the emission of the first light portion is essentially not influenced by the reflector (20).
3. Optical system according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the lens (10, 60) comprises a frustoconical collimator region (11, 61) which faces the light source.
4. Optical system according to Claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the collimator region (11, 61) comprises a recess (12, 62), the jacket and bottom surface of which form a light entry surface of the lens (10, 60).
5. Optical system according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the lens (60) comprises a substantially planar light entry surface (65) .
6. Optical system according to any one of Claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the preferred direction defined by the lens (10) for emitting the first light portion is inclined relative to an axis perpendicular to the plane of the light exit opening (21) of the reflector (20).
7. Optical system according to Claim 6,
   characterized in that
   a light exit region (15) of the lens (10) comprises a Fresnel structure (16), wherein a scattering structure or scattering surfaces (17) is/are preferably configured on the periphery of the Fresnel structure (16), via which the second light portion is emitted.
8. Optical system according to Claim 6 or 7,
   characterized in that
   the lens (10) is disposed at least with its light exit region (15) inside the reflector (20).
9. Optical system according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the outer contour of the insert (40) corresponds to the inner contour of the reflector (20).
10. Optical system according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the insert (40) has a constant wall thickness.
11. Optical system according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the insert is made of PMMA or PC.
12. Optical system according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    said optical system comprises a plurality of reflectors (20), which are arranged in a matrix-like manner, are preferably connected to one another in one piece and together form a grid (30).
13. Lamp having lighting means which are arranged in a matrix-like manner and are in particular formed by LEDs, as well as an optical system according to any one of the preceding claims associated with the lighting means.

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