EP3034928B1 - Light and light-emitting means for same - Google Patents

Description

The present invention generally relates to lights that may be formed in particular in the form of chandeliers or chandeliers. The invention further relates to a luminous means for such luminaires, with a fixing section for attachment to the luminaire, at least one light source and an abstracting device for emitting the light emitted by the light source into a blasting chamber which, when the illuminant is upright, emits a fraction of light radiating into an upper half-space and / or has a light component radiating into a lower half-space. The invention also relates to the coupling-out optics for such a luminous means itself.

With chandeliers and chandeliers and similar luminaires, where the illuminants are visible to a viewer of the luminaire, it is often difficult to achieve an atmospherically balanced illumination of the room. Since the illuminants are visible to the observer of the chandeliers or chandeliers, the chandeliers and their lamps light up very brightly and appear heavily overexposed to the observer, while the surrounding space appears comparatively dark. More specifically, the problem arises that when the bulbs emit sufficient light levels, the room is sufficiently bright illuminate the chandelier or its bulbs excessively bright in appearance and glow in the manner of an artificial spotlight, while conversely when the bulbs are so weak or dimmed in their light levels that the chandelier itself spreads a pleasant brightness and appropriate has a muted appearance, the illumination of the room is too weak. In other words, the problem is to achieve sufficient room illumination without the chandeliers themselves appearing excessively bright.

Added to this is the problem that traditional chandeliers lose their fineness and their multi-faceted, surface-structured sparkle when they are equipped with modern, excessively bright light sources. Traditional chandeliers often have fine glass work, for example in the form of engravings on chandelier glass, which surround the bulbs, or in the form of partially broken decorative elements or polished colored glass applications that were matched to the traditionally weak, yellowish candlelight and no longer come into their own, when bright, modern bulbs are used. This problem arises in itself already for the light bulbs used for years, which are often formed in glow plug shape when used in chandeliers. However, this problem is aggravated again when the light sources use LEDs as the light source, in which it is known that it is even more difficult to produce warm, candle-like light.

The atmospheric inadequacies of chandeliers powered by modern light sources are particularly pronounced when the areas to be illuminated, in which the chandeliers are mounted, are very large, so that in itself high light intensities or a high range of illumination is necessary, or the rooms have a baroque excess of equipment elements such as mirrors, illuminated areas and the like, which make an excessive brightness of the chandeliers appear more in appearance.

In order to allow a traditional appearance of such chandeliers and chandeliers, at least when switched off or very dimmed state, but nevertheless to be able to use the advantages of modern light sources such as LEDs, so-called retrofit lamps have been proposed which show a conventional bulbs or glow plug optics purely externally, inside, however, no longer work with a filament, but own LEDs. For example, the font shows DE 10 2010 014 520 A1 Such a retrofit lamp, in which the LED radiates through two glass flask sitting inside each other, which control the emission of the light emitted by the LED. The problem described above, when used in chandeliers or chandeliers to achieve an atmospherically balanced room illumination and to obtain the fineness of the chandelier applications, can not be achieved with this prior art light source.

The WO 2014/172571 A2 shows a lamp in which LEDs emit in a plate-shaped light guide member made of transparent solid material, at the end of a thickened Abstrahlwulst is provided. A candle-shaped light shows the CN 203384709 U in which two LED groups are provided centrally on approximately half the height of the glass bulb, which radiate toward opposite ends of the glass bulb, the emission being controlled by transparent, cone-shaped light directing members made of solid material. Furthermore, the shows US 2009/0067179 a luminaire whose LED radiates into an elongated radiation distributor of transparent material.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved luminaire and an improved light source for this purpose, as stated above, avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and further develop the latter in an advantageous manner. In particular, an atmospherically balanced room illumination with sufficient luminous intensity without cross-fading effect of the luminaire opposite the room should be achieved and a delicate underlining of the luminaire applications can be obtained without having to buy this by remaining dark areas of the room.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a luminous means according to claim 1 and a luminaire according to claim 12. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

It is therefore proposed to provide the illuminant with a varying over different spatial areas radiation characteristic, on the one hand to allow a sufficiently bright room illumination, but on the other hand not to produce excessively bright appearance of the lamp or the chandelier on the viewer. In the direction of the viewer's viewpoints on the visible light means the bulb has much lower, below the glare limit levels of light than in areas of space from which the bulbs are not considered when used as intended in lights usually or from which usually no sight axes fall on the bulbs. According to the invention, the emission optics of the luminous means have at least one annular masking region lying horizontally in the upright orientation of the luminous means between the upper half space and the lower half space. In this blanking area, the light intensities are less than 10% of the maximum light intensity that is generated in the upper and lower half spaces of the light source. In this case, the abstract optics comprises a radiation body which is at a distance from the light source and an elongated light-guiding part which is arranged between the emission body and the light source and which is emitted from the light source in order to be directed to said emission body. The abstract optics is thus designed in such a way that, viewed as a whole, the generated blasting room has at least one constriction in the region of approximately horizontal radiation and / or slightly sloping radiation. In the mushroom-shaped Ausblendbereich the light intensities generated by the bulb are significantly lower than in the above and / or underlying Abstrahlraumbereichen, the light intensities in said mushroom-shaped or annular Ausblendbereich can go to approximately zero, but also at a certain base level below the glare limit may remain, in particular less than 5% of the maximum light intensities in the non-dimmed areas, while the light intensities in the above and / or below the radiating area are significantly higher.

The abstract optics can advantageously be designed such that the Ausblendbereich between the irradiated upper and lower Halbraumbereichen viewed in cross-section widens wedge-shaped with increasing distance from the light source, so that the thickness or height of the dimmed area becomes larger with increasing distance. The wedge-shaped Ausblendbereich can thereby advantageously around the horizontal around and / or slightly sloping to create significantly reduced light levels in areas where people view the chandelier diagonally from below.

The wedge-shaped expansion can be adjusted in terms of their wedge angle to the respective installation situation of the lamp and / or the room size, with a favorable compromise for many applications, a wedge angle in the range of 10 ° to 40 °, in particular about 15 ° to 25 ° can provide.

The said blanking region of the abstract optics can be transversely aligned to a main axis of the luminous means, which form an axis of symmetry or a longitudinal axis of the luminous means and / or can pass through the fastening section of the luminous means and / or contain a cross-sectional plane at least approximately perpendicular to the said main axis, wherein a line dividing the Ausblendbereich centrally viewed in cross-section to said main axis is preferably acute-angled or at least approximately perpendicular, for example at an angle of 70 ° to 90 °, in particular about 80 ° to 90 °. As an alternative or in addition, said masking area may be formed at least approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to the said main axis. If the luminous means is approximately perpendicular with its main axis, which can usually correspond to a proper installation of the luminous means, said Ausblendbereich extends approximately horizontally or lying slightly sloping away from the light source. Above and below, i. In contrast, the abstraction radiates the light emitted by the light source into the space to be illuminated into a spatial area above the horizontal masking area and into a spatial area below the horizontal masking area.

In order to be able to arrange the light source at an end-side end section of the luminous means, in particular to use a punctiform light source such as an LED, the abstraction and its annular Ausblendbereich of the light source is arranged axially spaced apart in the direction of said main axis of the light source. The annular masking area Thus, advantageously, it does not extend directly from the light source, but rather from a light source section that is axially spaced from the light source. As a result, a more optically balanced appearance can be achieved and at the same time a better cooling of the light source or the associated electronic components can be achieved.

By the interposition of the elongated, made of transparent solid material light guide member which is irradiated by the light of the light source, in addition to an overall candle-like appearance at the same time increased freedom of design for the Abstrahlkorpus be achieved, which is less subject to the spatial limitations in the vicinity of the light source. On the other hand, the light is directed in a predetermined direction on the Abstrahlkorpus, so that it can achieve the desired emission with a relatively simple shape.

Advantageously, said radiating body similar to the light guide member may be formed as a solid material body and / or at least predominantly formed of a transparent solid material, so that the light propagates in the radiating body predominantly in its solid material.

The radiating body and the light-guiding part may be integrally formed in one piece, material-homogeneous, for example by casting in one piece and / or forming a one-piece material block.

As an alternative to such an integrally integral construction, the radiating body and the light-guiding part may also be designed as separate components, which may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces. By such a multi-part training a simplified production can be achieved.

In order to radiate the light emitted by the light source essentially completely into the light-guiding part, in an advantageous development of the invention be provided between the light guide member and the light source, a lens which substantially completely captures the light emitted from the light source and deflects the end face into the elongated light guide member. The said lens may in this case be integrally formed integrally with the light-guiding part. Alternatively, said lens may also be formed separately from the light-guiding part, wherein the light-directing part and the lens may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces. This also simplifies the production.

The Abstrahlkorpus, the light guide member and said lens may in this case consist of the same material, for example a transparent plastic, in particular also of silicone. Alternatively, it is also possible to use different materials for the radiating body and / or the light-guiding part and / or the lens.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Abstrahlkorpus having a light source frontally facing reflector, which is provided on one of the light source opposite end-side end portion of the lamp and emits light past the light source in the back of the light source. If the light source is arranged on a lower end section of the luminous means, for example directly on a luminous means base having the fastening section, the reflector can be arranged on an upper end section of the luminous means and radiate light into the lower half-space. Alternatively, if the light source is arranged at an upper end portion of the luminous means, the reflector may be provided at a lower end portion of the luminous means and reflect the light captured by the light source into the upper half space.

Said reflector can advantageously have a slightly convex curvature and / or a crown facing the light source in order to conically expand the light radiated into the back of the light source and to irradiate a sufficiently large spatial area.

The aforementioned reflector is advantageously designed to be simply reflective in order to achieve high efficiency and to avoid losses due to multiple reflection.

The named reflector can be formed, in particular, by an end face of the emission body facing away from the light guide part, which is designed to be reflective or totally reflecting.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Abstrahlkorpus form a light source opposite the end face of the light source, said Abstrahlkorpus may advantageously comprise a first portion which is formed durchstrahlbar and may have a light widening contoured Lichteintritts- and / or light exit surface, so that the directed to said first portion of the Abstrahlkorpus light component passes through said first portion and advantageously generates an approximately conical, expanded Abstrahlraum.

A second section of said radiating body can be designed to be reflective and in particular to form the aforementioned reflector, which faces the light source and can be arranged on the light source's opposite end side of the light source.

The two mentioned sections of the radiating body can be surrounded in an annular manner or arranged one inside the other. For example, the first radiatable portion may form a core or inner portion of the radiating body, while said second reflective portion may form an outer portion of the radiating body.

In order to direct the light emitted by the light source specifically and / or substantially completely onto said radiating body, the elongated light-guiding part between said radiating body and the light source can form a collimator which captures the light emitted by the light source and directed in parallel directed to the radiating body. Said collimator can in this case form an elongate, in particular rod-shaped or cylindrical, lamp body made of transparent solid material.

In order to enable a slim, suitable for chandeliers outer contouring, but at the same time to avoid an excessive axial length, a cup-shaped driver body is provided according to the invention, which surrounds the mounting portion of the lamp, wherein in said cup-shaped driver body electronic control components are added, with the aid of the light source is driven for example in the form of an LED. At the same time, cooling ribs can advantageously be provided on the said driver body in order to allow the necessary heat dissipation.

At the same time, an end face of the driver pot facing the light source can be designed to be reflective or form one of the aforementioned reflectors, which belongs to the coupling-out optics.

Said fixing portion of the lighting means may be basically different, in particular comprise a screw threaded portion, by means of which the light source can be screwed into a screw socket to attach the light source detachably to the lamp can. Alternatively, however, the attachment portion may also be designed as a plug-in section if a jack is provided on the lamp. In principle, an insoluble attachment such as by soldering or gluing is possible.

Advantageously, the said fastening section can be assigned an electrical coupling contact, which automatically comes into contact with an electrical countercontact provided thereon when the fastening section is fastened to the light-side mounting base.

Fig. 1:

eine Schnittansicht durch eine Lüsterkerze eines im Übrigen nicht dargestellten Lüsters, wobei ein Leuchtmittel nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung eingebaut ist und dessen Strahlengang dargestellt ist,

Fig. 2:

eine Darstellung der Leuchte aus Fig. 1 in verschiedenen Ansichten, wobei die Teilansichten (a) bis (d) den transparenten Leuchtenschirm und das darin aufgenommene Leuchtmittel in einer perspektivischen Darstellung, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben und einer Draufsicht von unten zeigen,

Fig. 3:

eine Darstellung des Leuchtmittels aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, wobei das Leuchtmittel gemäß den Teilansichten (a) bis (d) in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben und einer Draufsicht von unten gezeigt ist,

Fig. 4:

eine Darstellung einer Lüsterkerze in einer Ausführung ähnlich den Fig. 1-3, wobei das Leuchtmittel einen auf den unteren halbraum begrenzten Abstrahlbereich besitzt und in den Teilansichten (a) bis (e) die Leuchte in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben, einer Draufsicht von unten sowie in einer Schnittansicht gezeigt ist,

Fig. 5:

eine Darstellung des Leuchtmittels aus Fig. 4, wobei in den Teilansichten (a) bis (d) eine perspektivische Ansicht, eine Seitenansicht, eine Draufsicht von oben und eine Draufsicht von unten gezeigt sind,

Fig. 6:

ein Diagramm, das die Lichtstärkeverteilung in verschiedenen Abstrahlrichtungen zeigt, wobei 0° die Leuchtmittelhauptachse in Richtung durch den Befestigungsabschnitt - also bei bestimmungsgemäßen Einbau die Senkrechte nach unten - angibt,

Fig. 7:

eine schematisierte Darstellung der Abstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchten aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, die den liegenden, ringförmigen Ausblendbereich in einem Bereich von 70° bis 90° zur Leuchtmittel-Hauptachse zeigt, und

Fig. 8:

eine herkömmliche Abstrahlcharakteristik nach dem Stand der Technik.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1:

5 is a sectional view through a chandelier candle of a chandelier, not otherwise shown, wherein a lighting means is installed according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention and the beam path is shown,

Fig. 2:

a representation of the lamp Fig. 1 in various views, wherein the partial views (a) to (d) show the transparent lampshade and the light bulb received therein in a perspective view, a side view, a top view and a bottom plan view,

3:

1 is a representation of the luminous means from the preceding figures, wherein the luminous means according to the partial views (a) to (d) is shown in a perspective view, a side view, a plan view from above and a plan view from below,

4:

a representation of a Luster candle in an embodiment similar to the Fig. 1-3 in which the luminous means has a radiation area delimited on the lower half space and in the partial views (a) to (e) the luminaire is shown in a perspective view, a side view, a top view, a bottom view and in a sectional view,

Fig. 5:

a representation of the bulb Fig. 4 wherein in the partial views (a) to (d) are shown a perspective view, a side view, a plan view from above and a plan view from below,

Fig. 6:

a diagram showing the light intensity distribution in different directions of radiation, where 0 ° the main axis of the bulb in Direction through the attachment section - ie when installed according to the vertical down - indicates

Fig. 7:

a schematic representation of the emission characteristics of the lights from the preceding figures, showing the horizontal annular Ausblendbereich in a range of 70 ° to 90 ° to the main axis of the bulb, and

Fig. 8:

a conventional emission characteristic according to the prior art.

The figures each show only a part of a lamp, in particular a Luster candle of a chandelier 1, not shown otherwise, which may have a variety of such Luster candles in a conventional manner as in chandeliers usual. The chandelier candles shown in the figures can be arranged, for example, on star-shaped support arms and have an upright orientation, so that a main axis 17 of the lighting means 3 is aligned at least approximately vertically.

Like for example Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (a) show, sitting a lighting means 3, the overall considered elongated and, roughly speaking, can be contoured approximately candle-shaped, in an at least partially translucent lampshade 2, which may be formed, for example in the form of a tulip-shaped or differently shaped chandelier glass. Such a sleeve-shaped or cup-shaped lamp glass can be formed of real glass or transparent plastic or another at least partially transparent material, so that the lamp 3 is visible through the lampshade 2 through.

As the figures show, the lighting means 3 may have a fixing portion 4, which may be formed for example in the form of a threaded portion or a threaded socket 5, so that the lighting means 3 releasably attached to the bulb socket 25 of the lamp or the chandelier 1, in particular can be screwed. The said attachment portion 4 is advantageously associated with an electrical coupling contact 6, which comes automatically when mounting on the lamp base 25 with a provided there electrical counter contact in order to provide the light source 3 with electrical energy.

In particular Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 (b) illustrate, the mounting portion 4 is received in a driver cup 23, which can surround the attachment portion 4 with peripheral walls. A driver 8, including the electronic control components known per se, is accommodated in said driver cup 23 in order to be able to control a light source 7 in the form of an LED, for example. Due to the recessed arrangement of the mounting portion 4 in the interior of the driver cup 23, the axial length of the lamp 3 can be kept short and the space can be used within the lampshade 2, without generating an excessively diameter in projecting construction of the bulb 3.

Like for example Fig. 3 shows, the driver cup 23 may be provided on the outside, but possibly also on the inside with cooling fins 10 in order to sufficiently dissipate the heat coming from the driver 8 forth can.

As Fig. 1 shows, the light source 7, which may be formed as an LED, sitting directly on the front side of the driver cup 23, wherein the light source 7 irradiates its light end face in the transparent part of the lamp body.

In order to emit the light emitted by the light source 7 in the desired manner, the illuminant body of the luminous means 3 may have an abstraction 11, which in the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 considered overall can form an elongated, approximately piston-shaped or candle-shaped illuminant body 26. Said luminaire body 26, which contains the coupling-out optical system 11, can advantageously form a self-contained subassembly which can be detachably fastened to the mounting section 4 and / or the driver cup 23, which individually or together can form a further subassembly. By such a modular design, for example, the light source 7 can be exchanged in the form of an LED or the configured together with the mounting portion 4 as a base group driver cup 23 are adapted by growing different abstraction optics to varying applications in order to keep the number of different components low according to the modular principle ,

As Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 illustrate, the integrated into the lamp body 26 Auskoppeloptik 11 may have a seated on the light source 7 light guide member 27 which may be formed as an elongated rod and advantageously captures the entire light emitted from the light source 7. Specifically, said light guide member 27 may form a collimator which directs the light captured by the light source 7 in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped light guide member 27 away from the light source 7 and supplies it to a radiation body 21 which can be seated on the light guide member 27. The light-deflecting part 27 and the aforementioned radiating body 21 may be integrally formed in one piece, but may also be formed separately and sit flat on one another. The Abstrahlkorpus 21 and the light guide member 27 may for example consist of a transparent solid material, such as glass or plastic, in particular silicone or a mixture of materials based on silicone.

In order to completely capture the light emitted by the light source 7, a lens 19 may also be provided between the elongated light guide 27 and the light source 7, which lens 19 may also be made of a transparent solid material, in particular of glass or plastic, for example silicone or one Silicone based material mix. The said lens 19 may in this case be an integral part of the light-guiding part 27, for example its form the end-side end portion. Alternatively, the lens 19 may also be formed as a separate component, which may be attached to the said light-guiding part 27 with a mating surface matching the end face of the light-guiding part 27, or may be connected thereto. A separate formation of radiating body 21, light guide member 27 and lens 19 may allow for easier production. In principle, however, an integrally integral, material-homogeneous design of the radiating body 21, light-guiding part 27 and lens 19 is also considered.

As Fig. 1 shows, the Abstrahlkorpus 21, which forms the end face of the lamp 3, comprise two differently shaped sections, which may for example be surrounded each other or annularly into each other. In particular, a first, preferably internal portion 28 can be formed transparent and / or be transmittable by light and have a light exit surface 29, from which the light passed through the Abstrahlkorpus 21 is emitted into an upper half space 13. Advantageously, said light exit surface 29 can be contoured in relief such that the light emerging from the light exit surface 29 is widened conically, cf. Fig. 1 ,

A second section 30 of said radiating body 21 annularly surrounding said first section 28 may form a reflector, for example by reflective coating of the frontal outer surface of the radiating body 21 in said second section 30. The side of said second section 30 facing the light source 7 forms a reflector Reflector 18, which may be convex or convex to the light source 7 towards and / or at least partially tapered inclined can be employed, see. Fig. 1 in order to deflect the reflected light not perpendicularly back to the light source 7 but spread outwards. At the light exit surface 31 of said second section 30, which may be formed by a shell surface side portion of the radiating body 21, the reflected light can be deflected again in order to produce a desired Abstrahlkegel can. The said light exit surface 31 may be curved, for example, convex, as this Fig. 1 shows, or otherwise possibly also in the manner of a freeform surface contoured to produce the desired radiation. As Fig. 2 shows the light exit surfaces 29 and 31 - possibly only one of these two surfaces - the Abstrahlkorpus 21 be faceted or provided with an irregularly shaped surface structure to produce a light mixing of the emitted light.

According to the invention, the radiating body 21, in particular its light exit surfaces and / or the reflector 18 formed by a section is at least approximately rotationally symmetrical, with respect to the main axis 17 of the luminous means 3, which may be formed substantially from the longitudinal axis of the luminous means 3.

As the FIGS. 1 to 3 1, the radiating body 21 forms an enlarged diameter with respect to the elongated light-guiding member 27 and an end-side thickening bead carried by the light-guiding member 27.

As Fig. 7 in comparison to Fig. 8 showing the radiation characteristic of a conventional luminous means, the luminous means 3 according to one of the embodiments of the present invention can have a radiation characteristic which has a lying, annular Ausblendbereich 15. In particular, the luminous means 3 can radiate both into an upper semi-space 13 and into a lower half space 14, but in between have the said masking area 15, in which the light intensities are markedly reduced relative to the radiation in the upper half space 13 and in the lower half space 14. Said Ausblendraum 15 may extend wedge-shaped away from the bulb 3, for example, under the in Fig. 7 shown wedge angle 16 of about 20 °, said wedge angle range may include a horizontal or to the main axis 17 vertical plane or adjacent thereto.

Depending on the lighting task and the room environment, the said blanking space can also extend beyond the horizontal, ie hide a portion of the light which in itself would radiate into the upper half space, as the dashed lines in FIG. 7 clarify. If, for example, the angle 90 ° defines the perpendicular to the longitudinal or main axis of the luminous means, a range of 60 ° to 110 ° can be masked out, whereby possibly also the masking range lying above the horizontal can be greater than the masking range below. for example in the form of a masking range of 70 ° to 120 °. But also Ausblendbereiche are possible, which are only above or only below the horizontal in the upright orientation of the bulb.

The aforesaid wedge angle 16 may thus also deviate from the 20 ° mentioned, for example in the range from 3 ° to 100 °, in particular between 5 ° and 70 ° or between 10 ° and 50 °.

Said Ausblendbereich 15 may advantageously be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the main axis 17.

The light intensity distribution is in Fig. 6 shown closer, in Fig. 6 the angular direction 0 ° indicates the vertical downwards or the vertical through the fastening section 4. The light intensity drop to be seen there is essentially due to the spatial extent of the attachment section 4 or the driver cup 23, depending on the design and design of the radiator body 21, the light intensity drop occurring in the direction of the attachment section 4 may, however, also be smaller or approximately bridged, such as this is the dashed curves in Fig. 6 suggest.

In any case, the shows Fig. 6 the light intensity decrease in the Ausblendbereich 15, which is advantageously provided in the angular range between 60 ° and 100 °, in particular 70 ° and 90 °. For angular ranges greater than 90 °, which indicate the upper half space 13, the light intensity, however, again increases, as also illustrated in FIG. 9.

In the said masking area 15, irrespective of the specific size of said wedge angle and / or regardless of the inclination of the wedge, the luminous intensities are significantly lower than in the non-masked areas of the radiation space, the luminous intensities in the said masking area 15 advantageously being at most 10 %, in particular less than 5% or even less than 3% of the maximum light intensity which occurs in non-dimmed radiation space areas.

As in Fig. 6 shown, the abstract optics 11 may be such that the light intensities in the lower half space 14 are larger, possibly even significantly greater than in the upper half space 13, wherein the light intensities in the lower half space 14 may be a multiple of the light intensities in the upper half space 13 , This can take into account the fact that chandeliers or other lights are often positioned hanging on the ceiling, with the going into the lower half space 14 light intensities of the room under the chandelier or under the light can be lit.

The FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment which, in terms of the basic structure of the coupling-out 11 essentially according to the execution of the FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponds, so that reference is made in this regard to the previous description. As Fig. 4e shows, the radiating portion of the chandelier candle according to this embodiment is limited to the lower half space 14, wherein by reversed, overturned or hanging installation of the bulb but also a limitation of the blasting space on the upper half-space could be achieved. This limitation of the Abstrahbereichs on a half-space, in particular the lower half space is achieved by a reflector 18 on the upper side of the radiating body or the light source opposite the light source, which can cover substantially the entire end face of the radiating body, see. Fig. 4 , In particular, it lacks in comparison to Fig. 1-3 the recessed central area of the reflector, the at the Fig. 1-3 the light exit surface forms, at Fig. 4 However, also reflective and is formed in total, ie. over the entire The front side is harmoniously concaved, but may also be contoured, convex or in hybrids.

Claims (13)

1. Illuminant having a fastening section (4) for fastening a lamp (1), at least one light source (7) as well as a radiation optics (11) for radiating the light radiated by the light source (7) into a radiation space (12) which comprises a light content radiating into the upper half space (13) and/or a light content radiating into a lower half space (14) when the illuminant is oriented in an upright manner, wherein the radiation optics (11) comprises at least a ring-shaped diminishing region (15) between the upper half space (13) and the lower half space (14) oriented in a horizontal manner if the illuminant is oriented upright, in which diminishing region (15) the light intensity is less than 10 % of the maximum light intensity in the upper and lower half space, wherein the radiation optics (11) includes a radiation body (21) spaced from the light source (7) as well as an elongated light guide part (27) consisting of transparent solid material and arranged between the light source (7) and the radiation body (21), into which part (27) light radiated by the light source (7) enters at the face side, characterized in that the light guide part (27) is contoured in the shape of a plug as an elongate cylinder body and the radiation body (21) is formed to be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the plug-shaped light guide part, has a diameter larger than the plug-shaped light guide part (27) and forms a bulge on the face end side supported by the light guide part (27), wherein a driver head (2) surrounding the fastening section (4) is provided, in which electronic control means for controlling the light source (7) are received.
2. Illuminant according to the preceding claim, wherein the diminishing region (15) widens, in a cross-sectional view, in a wedge-type manner at least partially below the horizontal as the distance from the radiation optics (11) increases, wherein a wedge angle (16) is in the range of 5° to 60°, preferably 10° to 40°, in particular approximately 15° to 25°.
3. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the light intensity in the diminishing region (15) is less than 5 % of the maximum light intensity in the upper and lower half spaces (13, 14).
4. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiation body (21) consists of a transparent solid material.
5. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiation body (21) and the elongate light guide part (27) are formed as separate components, which are joined to one another with complementary joining surfaces.
6. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the light guide part (27) as formed as a collimator.
7. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiation body (21) comprises a reflector (18) facing the light source (7) at the face side, the reflector provided on a face-sided end section of the illuminant opposite the light source (7) and emits light into the back of the light source (7) past the light source (7), wherein the reflector (18) is preferably formed in a simple reflecting manner and radiates a ring-shaped subregion of the radiation space (12).
8. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiation optics (11) comprises a lens (19) between the light source (7) and the light guide part (27), which catches the light radiated by the light source (7) essentially completely and radiates it at the face side into the light guide part (27), wherein the lens (19) and the light guide part (7) are formed integrally or as separate components joined to one another with complementary joining surfaces.
9. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radiation body (21) forms a face side located opposite the light source (7), wherein a first section of the mentioned radiation body (21) is formed to be transmissive and has a light entrance and/or light exit surface contour expanding the transmitted light, and wherein a second section of the mentioned radiation body (21) is formed to be reflecting, wherein the illuminant overall has an elongate, in particular plug-shaped contour, the length/diameter ratio of which is at least 2, preferably more than 3, in particular even more than 4.
10. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the face side of the driver head (23) facing the light source (7) forms a reflector surface.
11. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the illuminant forms a modular structure having modules connected in a detachable manner, wherein the light source (7) is part of a first module and the radiation optics (11) is part of a second module, which is detachable from the first module.
12. Lamp, in particular in the type of a chandelier, having at least one illuminant (3) according to one of claims 1 to 11.
13. Lamp according to the preceding claim, wherein at least a pot- or sleeve-shaped light-transmissive lamp shade is provided, in which the at least one illuminant (3) is received and/or by which the at least one illuminant (3) is at least partially surrounded.

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