EP3034928A1 - Light and light-emitting means for same - Google Patents
Light and light-emitting means for same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3034928A1 EP3034928A1 EP15200014.7A EP15200014A EP3034928A1 EP 3034928 A1 EP3034928 A1 EP 3034928A1 EP 15200014 A EP15200014 A EP 15200014A EP 3034928 A1 EP3034928 A1 EP 3034928A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- illuminant
- abstrahlkorpus
- space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
- F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
- F21K9/23—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings
- F21K9/232—Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings specially adapted for generating an essentially omnidirectional light distribution, e.g. with a glass bulb
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V1/00—Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
- F21V1/14—Covers for frames; Frameless shades
- F21V1/16—Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
- F21V1/20—Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being glass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V1/00—Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
- F21V1/14—Covers for frames; Frameless shades
- F21V1/16—Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material
- F21V1/22—Covers for frames; Frameless shades characterised by the material the material being plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
- F21V23/007—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array enclosed in a casing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/02—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by the shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to lights that may be formed in particular in the form of chandeliers or chandeliers.
- the invention further relates to a luminous means for such luminaires, with a fixing section for attachment to the luminaire, at least one light source and an abstracting device for emitting the light emitted by the light source into a blasting chamber which, when the illuminant is upright, emits a fraction of light radiating into an upper half-space and / or has a light component radiating into a lower half-space.
- the invention also relates to the coupling-out optics for such a luminous means itself.
- the illuminants are visible to a viewer of the luminaire, where the illuminants are visible to a viewer of the luminaire, it is often difficult to achieve an atmospherically balanced illumination of the room. Since the illuminants are visible to the observer of the chandeliers or chandeliers, the chandeliers and their lamps light up very brightly and appear heavily overexposed to the observer, while the surrounding space appears comparatively dark. More specifically, the problem arises that when the bulbs emit sufficient light levels, the room is sufficiently bright illuminate the chandelier or its bulbs excessively bright in appearance and glow in the manner of an artificial spotlight, while conversely when the bulbs are so weak or dimmed in their light levels that the chandelier itself spreads a pleasant brightness and appropriate has a muted appearance, the illumination of the room is too weak. In other words, the problem is to achieve sufficient room illumination without the chandeliers themselves appearing excessively bright.
- retrofit lamps In order to allow a traditional appearance of such chandeliers and chandeliers, at least when switched off or very dimmed state, but nevertheless to be able to use the advantages of modern light sources such as LEDs, so-called retrofit lamps have been proposed which show a conventional bulbs or glow plug optics purely externally, inside, however, no longer work with a filament, but own LEDs.
- the font shows DE 10 2010 014 520 A1
- Such a retrofit lamp in which the LED radiates through two glass flask sitting inside each other, which control the emission of the light emitted by the LED.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved luminaire and an improved light source for this purpose, as stated above, avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and further develop the latter in an advantageous manner.
- an atmospherically balanced room illumination with sufficient luminous intensity without cross-fading effect of the luminaire opposite the room should be achieved and a delicate underlining of the luminaire applications can be obtained without having to buy this by remaining dark areas of the room.
- the stated object is achieved by a luminous means according to claim 1, a luminaire according to claim 14, as well as a coupling-out optical system according to claim 16.
- Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the illuminant with a varying over different spatial areas radiation characteristic, on the one hand to allow a sufficiently bright room illumination, but on the other hand not to produce excessively bright appearance of the lamp or the chandelier on the viewer.
- the bulb In the direction of the viewer's viewpoints on the visible light means the bulb has much lower, below the glare limit levels of light than in areas of space from which the bulbs are not considered when used as intended in lights usually or from which usually no sight axes fall on the bulbs.
- the emission optics of the luminous means have at least one annular masking region lying horizontally in the upright orientation of the luminous means between the upper half space and the lower half space.
- the abstract optics comprises a radiation body which is at a distance from the light source and an elongated light-guiding part which is arranged between the emission body and the light source and which is emitted from the light source in order to be directed to said emission body.
- the abstract optics is thus designed in such a way that, viewed as a whole, the generated blasting room has at least one constriction in the region of approximately horizontal radiation and / or slightly sloping radiation.
- the light intensities generated by the bulb are significantly lower than in the above and / or underlying Abstrahlraum Symposium Silveren, the light intensities in said mushroom-shaped or annular Ausblend Scheme can go to approximately zero, but also at a certain base level below the glare limit may remain, in particular less than 5% of the maximum light intensities in the non-dimmed areas, while the light intensities in the above and / or below the radiating area are significantly higher.
- the abstract optics can advantageously be designed such that the Ausblend Scheme between the irradiated upper and lower Halbraum Schemeen viewed in cross-section widens wedge-shaped with increasing distance from the light source, so that the thickness or height of the dimmed area becomes larger with increasing distance.
- the wedge-shaped Ausblend Scheme can thereby advantageously around the horizontal around and / or slightly sloping to create significantly reduced light levels in areas where people view the chandelier diagonally from below.
- the wedge-shaped expansion can be adjusted in terms of their wedge angle to the respective installation situation of the lamp and / or the room size, with a favorable compromise for many applications, a wedge angle in the range of 10 ° to 40 °, in particular about 15 ° to 25 ° can provide.
- the said blanking region of the abstract optics can be transversely aligned to a main axis of the luminous means, which form an axis of symmetry or a longitudinal axis of the luminous means and / or can pass through the fastening section of the luminous means, and / or contain a cross-sectional plane at least approximately perpendicular to the said main axis, wherein a line dividing the Ausblend Scheme centrally viewed in cross-section to said main axis is preferably acute-angled or at least approximately perpendicular, for example at an angle of 70 ° to 90 °, in particular about 80 ° to 90 °.
- said masking area may be formed at least approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to the said main axis. If the luminous means is approximately perpendicular with its main axis, which can usually correspond to a proper installation of the luminous means, said Ausblend Scheme extends approximately horizontally or lying slightly sloping away from the light source. Above and below, i. In contrast, the abstraction radiates the light emitted by the light source into the space to be illuminated into a spatial area above the horizontal masking area and into a spatial area below the horizontal masking area.
- the abstraction and its annular Ausblend Scheme of the light source is arranged axially spaced apart in the direction of said main axis of the light source.
- the annular masking area thus, advantageously, it does not extend directly from the light source, but rather from a light source section that is axially spaced from the light source. As a result, a more optically balanced appearance can be achieved and at the same time a better cooling of the light source or the associated electronic components can be achieved.
- the interposition of the elongated, made of transparent solid material light guide member which is irradiated by the light of the light source in addition to an overall candle-like appearance at the same time increased freedom of design for the Abstrahlkorpus be achieved, which is less subject to the spatial limitations in the vicinity of the light source.
- the light is directed in a predetermined direction on the Abstrahlkorpus, so that it can achieve the desired emission with a relatively simple shape.
- said radiating body similar to the light guide member may be formed as a solid material body and / or at least predominantly formed of a transparent solid material, so that the light propagates in the radiating body predominantly in its solid material.
- the radiating body and the light-guiding part may be integrally formed in one piece, material-homogeneous, for example by casting in one piece and / or forming a one-piece material block.
- the radiating body and the light-guiding part may also be designed as separate components, which may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces.
- a lens which substantially completely captures the light emitted from the light source and deflects the end face into the elongated light guide member.
- the said lens may in this case be integrally formed integrally with the light-guiding part.
- said lens may also be formed separately from the light-guiding part, wherein the light-directing part and the lens may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces. This also simplifies the production.
- the Abstrahlkorpus, the light guide member and said lens may in this case consist of the same material, for example a transparent plastic, in particular also of silicone.
- a transparent plastic in particular also of silicone.
- the Abstrahlkorpus having a light source frontally facing reflector, which is provided on one of the light source opposite end-side end portion of the lamp and emits light past the light source in the back of the light source.
- the reflector can be arranged on an upper end section of the luminous means and radiate light into the lower half-space.
- the reflector may be provided at a lower end portion of the luminous means and reflect the light captured by the light source into the upper half space.
- Said reflector can advantageously have a slightly convex curvature and / or a crown facing the light source in order to conically expand the light radiated into the back of the light source and to irradiate a sufficiently large spatial area.
- the aforementioned reflector is advantageously designed to be simply reflective in order to achieve high efficiency and to avoid losses due to multiple reflection.
- the named reflector can in particular be formed by an end face of the emission body facing away from the light guide part, which is designed to be reflective or totally reflecting.
- the Abstrahlkorpus form a light source opposite the end face of the light source
- said Abstrahlkorpus may advantageously comprise a first portion which is formed Hartstrahlbar and may have a light widening contoured Lichteintritts- and / or light exit surface, so that the directed to said first portion of the Abstrahlkorpus light component passes through said first portion and advantageously generates an approximately conical, expanded Abstrahlraum.
- a second section of said radiating body can be designed to be reflective and in particular to form the aforementioned reflector, which faces the light source and can be arranged on the light source's opposite end side of the light source.
- the two mentioned sections of the radiating body can be surrounded in an annular manner or arranged one inside the other.
- the first radiatable portion may form a core or inner portion of the radiating body, while said second reflective portion may form an outer portion of the radiating body.
- the elongated light-guiding part between said radiating body and the light source can form a collimator which captures the light emitted by the light source and directed in parallel directed to the radiating body.
- Said collimator can in this case form an elongate, in particular rod-shaped or cylindrical, lamp body made of transparent solid material.
- a cup-shaped driver body surrounding the mounting portion of the bulb, wherein in said cup-shaped driver body electronic control components can be included with the help of which the light source is driven, for example in the form of an LED.
- cooling ribs can advantageously be provided on the said driver body in order to allow the necessary heat dissipation.
- an end face of the driver pot facing the light source can be designed to be reflective or form one of the aforementioned reflectors, which belongs to the coupling-out optics.
- Said fixing portion of the lighting means may be basically different, in particular comprise a screw threaded portion, by means of which the light source can be screwed into a screw socket to attach the light source detachably to the lamp can.
- the attachment portion may also be designed as a plug-in section if a jack is provided on the lamp.
- an insoluble attachment such as by soldering or gluing is possible.
- the said fastening section can be assigned an electrical coupling contact, which automatically comes into contact with an electrical countercontact provided thereon when the fastening section is fastened to the light-side mounting base.
- the figures each show only a part of a lamp, in particular a Luster candle of a chandelier 1, not shown otherwise, which may have a variety of such Luster candles in a conventional manner as in chandeliers usual.
- the chandelier candles shown in the figures can be arranged, for example, on star-shaped support arms and have an upright orientation, so that a main axis 17 of the lighting means 3 is aligned at least approximately vertically.
- Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (a) show, sitting a lighting means 3, the overall considered elongated and, roughly speaking, can be contoured approximately candle-shaped, in an at least partially translucent lampshade 2, which may be formed, for example in the form of a tulip-shaped or differently shaped chandelier glass.
- lampshade 2 which may be formed, for example in the form of a tulip-shaped or differently shaped chandelier glass.
- Such a sleeve-shaped or cup-shaped lamp glass can be formed of real glass or transparent plastic or another at least partially transparent material, so that the lamp 3 is visible through the lampshade 2 through.
- the lighting means 3 may have a fixing portion 4, which may be formed for example in the form of a threaded portion or a threaded socket 5, so that the lighting means 3 releasably attached to the bulb socket 25 of the lamp or the chandelier 1, in particular can be screwed.
- the said attachment portion 4 is advantageously associated with an electrical coupling contact 6, which comes automatically when mounting on the lamp base 25 with a provided there electrical counter contact in order to provide the light source 3 with electrical energy.
- the mounting portion 4 may be received in a driver cup 23, which may surround the attachment portion 4 with peripheral walls.
- a driver 8 including the electronic control components known per se, can be accommodated in said driver cup 23 in order to be able to control a light source 7 in the form of an LED in a suitable manner. Due to the recessed arrangement of the mounting portion 4 in the interior of the driver cup 23, the axial length of the lamp 3 can be kept short and the space can be used within the lampshade 2, without generating an excessively diameter in projecting construction of the bulb 3.
- the driver cup 23 may be provided on the outside, but possibly also on the inside with cooling fins 10 in order to sufficiently dissipate the heat coming from the driver 8 forth can.
- the light source 7 which may be formed as an LED, sitting directly on the front side of the driver cup 23, wherein the light source 7 irradiates its light end face in the transparent part of the lamp body.
- the illuminant body of the luminous means 3 may have an abstraction 11, which in the embodiment according to FIG Fig. 1 considered overall can form an elongated, approximately piston-shaped or candle-shaped illuminant body 26.
- Said luminaire body 26, which contains the coupling-out optical system 11, can advantageously form a self-contained subassembly which can be detachably fastened to the mounting section 4 and / or the driver cup 23, which individually or together can form a further subassembly.
- the light source 7 can be exchanged in the form of an LED or the configured together with the mounting portion 4 as a base group driver cup 23 are adapted by growing different abstraction optics to varying applications in order to keep the number of different components low according to the modular principle ,
- the integrated into the lamp body 26 Auskoppeloptik 11 may have a seated on the light source 7 light guide member 27 which may be formed as an elongated rod and advantageously captures the entire light emitted from the light source 7.
- said light guide member 27 may form a collimator which directs the light captured by the light source 7 in the longitudinal direction of the rod-shaped light guide member 27 away from the light source 7 and supplies it to a radiation body 21 which can be seated on the light guide member 27.
- the light-deflecting part 27 and the aforementioned radiating body 21 may be integrally formed in one piece, but may also be formed separately and sit flat on one another.
- the Abstrahlkorpus 21 and the light guide member 27 may for example consist of a transparent solid material, such as glass or plastic, in particular silicone or a mixture of materials based on silicone.
- a lens 19 may also be provided between the elongated light guide 27 and the light source 7, which lens 19 may also be made of a transparent solid material, in particular of glass or plastic, for example silicone or one Silicone based material mix.
- the said lens 19 may in this case be an integral part of the light-guiding part 27, for example its form the end-side end portion.
- the lens 19 may also be formed as a separate component, which may be attached to the said light-guiding part 27 with a mating surface matching the end face of the light-guiding part 27, or may be connected thereto.
- a separate formation of radiating body 21, light guide member 27 and lens 19 may allow for easier production. In principle, however, an integrally integral, material-homogeneous design of the radiating body 21, light-guiding part 27 and lens 19 is also considered.
- the Abstrahlkorpus 21, which forms the end face of the lamp 3, comprise two differently shaped sections, which may for example be surrounded each other or annularly into each other.
- a first, preferably internal portion 28 can be formed transparent and / or be transmittable by light and have a light exit surface 29, from which the light passed through the Abstrahlkorpus 21 is emitted into an upper half space 13.
- said light exit surface 29 can be contoured in relief such that the light emerging from the light exit surface 29 is widened conically, cf. Fig. 1 ,
- a second section 30 of said radiating body 21 annularly surrounding said first section 28 may form a reflector, for example by reflective coating of the frontal outer surface of the radiating body 21 in said second section 30.
- the side of said second section 30 facing the light source 7 forms a reflector Reflector 18, which may be convex or convex to the light source 7 towards and / or at least partially tapered inclined can be employed, see.
- Fig. 1 in order to deflect the reflected light not perpendicularly back to the light source 7 but spread outwards.
- the reflected light can be deflected again in order to produce a desired Abstrahlkegel can.
- the said light exit surface 31 may be curved, for example, convex, as this Fig. 1 shows, or otherwise possibly also in the manner of a freeform surface contoured to produce the desired radiation.
- Fig. 2 shows the light exit surfaces 29 and 31 - possibly only one of these two surfaces - the Abstrahlkorpus 21 be faceted or provided with an irregularly shaped surface structure to produce a light mixing of the emitted light.
- the Abstrahlkorpus 21, in particular its light exit surfaces and / or the reflector 18 formed by a portion may be at least approximately rotationally symmetrical, with respect to the main axis 17 of the lamp 3, which may be formed substantially from the longitudinal axis of the lamp 3 ,
- the radiating body 21 may form an enlarged diameter with respect to the elongated light-guiding member 27 and form an end-side thickening bulge supported by the light-guiding member 27.
- the luminous means 3 can have a radiation characteristic which has a lying, annular Ausblend Scheme 15.
- the luminous means 3 can radiate both into an upper semi-space 13 and into a lower half space 14, but in between have the said masking area 15, in which the light intensities are markedly reduced relative to the radiation in the upper half space 13 and in the lower half space 14.
- Said Ausblendraum 15 may extend wedge-shaped away from the bulb 3, for example, under the in Fig. 7 shown wedge angle 16 of about 20 °, said wedge angle range may include a horizontal or to the main axis 17 vertical plane or adjacent thereto.
- the said blanking space can also extend beyond the horizontal, ie hide a portion of the light which in itself would radiate into the upper half space, as the dashed lines in FIG. 7 clarify.
- the angle 90 ° defines the perpendicular to the longitudinal or main axis of the luminous means, a range of 60 ° to 110 ° can be masked out, whereby possibly also the masking range lying above the horizontal can be greater than the masking range below. for example in the form of a masking range of 70 ° to 120 °.
- Ausblend Schemee are possible, which are only above or only below the horizontal in the upright orientation of the bulb.
- the aforesaid wedge angle 16 may thus also deviate from the 20 ° mentioned, for example in the range from 3 ° to 100 °, in particular between 5 ° and 70 ° or between 10 ° and 50 °.
- Said Ausblend Scheme 15 may advantageously be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the main axis 17.
- the light intensity distribution is in Fig. 6 shown closer, in Fig. 6 the angular direction 0 ° indicates the vertical downwards or the vertical through the fastening section 4.
- the light intensity drop to be seen there is essentially due to the spatial extent of the attachment section 4 or the driver cup 23, depending on the design and design of the radiator body 21, the light intensity drop occurring in the direction of the attachment section 4 may, however, also be smaller or approximately bridged, such as this is the dashed curves in Fig. 6 suggest.
- the shows Fig. 6 the light intensity decrease in the Ausblend Scheme 15, which is advantageously provided in the angular range between 60 ° and 100 °, in particular 70 ° and 90 °.
- the light intensity again increases, as also illustrated in FIG. 9.
- the luminous intensities are significantly lower than in the non-masked areas of the radiation space, the luminous intensities in the said masking area 15 advantageously being at most 10 %, in particular less than 5% or even less than 3% of the maximum light intensity which occurs in non-dimmed radiation space areas.
- the abstract optics 11 may be such that the light intensities in the lower half space 14 are larger, possibly even significantly greater than in the upper half space 13, wherein the light intensities in the lower half space 14 may be a multiple of the light intensities in the upper half space 13 , This can take into account the fact that chandeliers or other lights are often positioned hanging on the ceiling, with the going into the lower half space 14 light intensities of the room under the chandelier or under the light can be lit.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment which, in terms of the basic structure of the coupling-out 11 essentially according to the execution of the FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponds, so that reference is made in this regard to the previous description.
- the radiating portion of the chandelier candle according to this embodiment is limited to the lower half space 14, wherein by reversed, overturned or hanging installation of the bulb but also a limitation of the blasting space on the upper half-space could be achieved.
- This limitation of the Abstrah Schemes on a half-space, in particular the lower half space is achieved by a reflector 18 on the upper side of the radiating body or the light source opposite the light source, which can cover substantially the entire end face of the radiating body, see.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft allgemein Leuchten, die insbesondere in Form von Lüstern oder Kronleuchtern ausgebildet sein können. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Leuchtmittel für solche Leuchten, mit einem Befestigungsabschnitt zum Befestigen an der Leuchte, zumindest einer Lichtquelle sowie einer Abstrahloptik zum Abstrahlen des von der Lichtquelle abgegebenen Lichts in einen Abstrahlraum, der bei aufrechter Ausrichtung des Leuchtmittels einen in einen oberen Halbraum strahlenden Lichtanteil und/oder einen in einen unteren Halbraum strahlenden Lichtanteil aufweist. Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Auskoppeloptik für ein solches Leuchtmittel selbst. Erfindungsgemäß besitzt die Abstrahloptik des Leuchtmittels zumindest einen ringförmigen, bei aufrechter Ausrichtung des Leuchtmittels liegend ausgerichteten Ausblendbereich zwischen dem oberen Halbraum und dem unteren Halbraum.The present invention generally relates to lights that may be formed in particular in the form of chandeliers or chandeliers. The invention further relates to a luminous means for such luminaires, with a fixing section for attachment to the luminaire, at least one light source and an abstracting device for emitting the light emitted by the light source into a blasting chamber which, when the illuminant is upright, emits a fraction of light radiating into an upper half-space and / or has a light component radiating into a lower half-space. The invention also relates to the coupling-out optics for such a luminous means itself. According to the invention, the abstraction of the luminous means has at least one annular masking region lying horizontally in an upright orientation of the luminous means between the upper half-space and the lower half-space.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft allgemein Leuchten, die insbesondere in Form von Lüstern oder Kronleuchtern ausgebildet sein können. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Leuchtmittel für solche Leuchten, mit einem Befestigungsabschnitt zum Befestigen an der Leuchte, zumindest einer Lichtquelle sowie einer Abstrahloptik zum Abstrahlen des von der Lichtquelle abgegebenen Lichts in einen Abstrahlraum, der bei aufrechter Ausrichtung des Leuchtmittels einen in einen oberen Halbraum strahlenden Lichtanteil und/oder einen in einen unteren Halbraum strahlenden Lichtanteil aufweist. Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Auskoppeloptik für ein solches Leuchtmittel selbst.The present invention generally relates to lights that may be formed in particular in the form of chandeliers or chandeliers. The invention further relates to a luminous means for such luminaires, with a fixing section for attachment to the luminaire, at least one light source and an abstracting device for emitting the light emitted by the light source into a blasting chamber which, when the illuminant is upright, emits a fraction of light radiating into an upper half-space and / or has a light component radiating into a lower half-space. The invention also relates to the coupling-out optics for such a luminous means itself.
Bei Lüstern und Kronleuchtern und ähnliche Leuchten, bei denen die Leuchtmittel für einen Betrachter der Leuchte sichtbar sind, ist es oft schwierig, eine atmosphärisch ausgewogene Ausleuchtung des Raums zu erzielen. Da die Leuchtmittel für den Betrachter der Lüster bzw. Kronleuchter sichtbar sind, leuchten die Kronleuchter bzw. deren Leuchtmittel sehr hell und wirken auf den Betrachter atmosphärisch stark überbelichtet, während der umgebende Raum vergleichsweise dunkel erscheint. Genauer gesagt ergibt sich das Problem, dass dann, wenn die Leuchtmittel ausreichende Lichtstärken abgeben, um den Raum ausreichend hell auszuleuchten, der Lüster bzw. dessen Leuchtmittel übermäßig hell in Erscheinung treten und nach Art eines künstlichen Strahlers überhell leuchten, während umgekehrt dann, wenn die Leuchtmittel in ihren Lichtstärken so schwach bzw. gedimmt sind, dass der Kronleuchter selbst eine angenehme Helligkeit verbreitet und ein angemessen gedämpftes Erscheinungsbild besitzt, die Ausleuchtung des Raums zu schwach ist. Mit anderen Worten besteht die Problematik darin, eine ausreichende Raumausleuchtung zu erzielen, ohne dass die Kronleuchter selbst übermäßig hell in Erscheinung treten.With chandeliers and chandeliers and similar luminaires, where the illuminants are visible to a viewer of the luminaire, it is often difficult to achieve an atmospherically balanced illumination of the room. Since the illuminants are visible to the observer of the chandeliers or chandeliers, the chandeliers and their lamps light up very brightly and appear heavily overexposed to the observer, while the surrounding space appears comparatively dark. More specifically, the problem arises that when the bulbs emit sufficient light levels, the room is sufficiently bright illuminate the chandelier or its bulbs excessively bright in appearance and glow in the manner of an artificial spotlight, while conversely when the bulbs are so weak or dimmed in their light levels that the chandelier itself spreads a pleasant brightness and appropriate has a muted appearance, the illumination of the room is too weak. In other words, the problem is to achieve sufficient room illumination without the chandeliers themselves appearing excessively bright.
Hinzu kommt die Problematik, dass traditionelle Lüster ihre Feingliedrigkeit und ihr facettenreiches, oberflächenstrukturiertes Funkeln verlieren, wenn sie mit modernen, übermäßig hellen Leuchtmitteln ausgerüstet werden. Traditionelle Lüster besitzen oft feine Glasarbeiten beispielsweise in Form von Gravuren auf Lüstergläsern, die die Leuchtmittel umgeben, oder in Form von teilweise durchbrochenen Dekorelementen oder geschliffenen Farbglasapplikationen, die an sich auf das traditionell schwache, gelbliche Kerzenlicht abgestimmt waren und nicht mehr recht zur Geltung kommen, wenn hell strahlende, moderne Leuchtmittel verwendet werden. Diese Problematik ergibt sich an sich bereits für die seit Jahren verwendeten Glühbirnen, die oft in Glühkerzenform ausgebildet sind, wenn sie in Lüstern verwendet werden. Verschärft wird diese Problematik jedoch nochmals dann, wenn die Leuchtmittel als Lichtquelle LEDs verwenden, bei denen es bekanntermaßen nochmals schwieriger ist, warmes, kerzenähnliches Licht zu erzeugen.Added to this is the problem that traditional chandeliers lose their fineness and their multi-faceted, surface-structured sparkle when they are equipped with modern, excessively bright light sources. Traditional chandeliers often have fine glass work, for example in the form of engravings on chandelier glass, which surround the bulbs, or in the form of partially broken decorative elements or polished colored glass applications that were matched to the traditionally weak, yellowish candlelight and no longer come into their own, when bright, modern bulbs are used. This problem arises in itself already for the light bulbs used for years, which are often formed in glow plug shape when used in chandeliers. However, this problem is aggravated again when the light sources use LEDs as the light source, in which it is known that it is even more difficult to produce warm, candle-like light.
Die atmosphärischen Unzulänglichkeiten von mit modernen Leuchtmitteln betriebenen Lüstern treten besonders verstärkt in Erscheinung, wenn die auszuleuchtenden Räume, in denen die Lüster angebracht sind, sehr groß sind, so dass an sich hohe Lichtstärken bzw. eine hohe Reichweite der Ausleuchtung notwendig ist, oder die Räume ein barockes Übermaß an Ausstattungselementen wie Spiegeln, Leuchtflächen und dergleichen aufweisen, die eine übermäßige Helligkeit der Lüster nochmals mehr in Erscheinung treten lassen.The atmospheric inadequacies of chandeliers powered by modern light sources are particularly pronounced when the areas to be illuminated, in which the chandeliers are mounted, are very large, so that in itself high light intensities or a high range of illumination is necessary, or the rooms have a baroque excess of equipment elements such as mirrors, illuminated areas and the like, which make an excessive brightness of the chandeliers appear more in appearance.
Um zumindest bei ausgeschaltetem oder stark abgedimmtem Zustand ein traditionelles Erscheinungsbild solcher Lüster und Kronleuchter zu ermöglichen, trotzdem aber die Vorteile moderner Leuchtmittel wie LEDs nutzen zu können, wurden bereits sog. Retrofit-Leuchtmittel vorgeschlagen, die rein äußerlich eine klassische Glühbirnen- oder Glühkerzenoptik zeigen, im Inneren jedoch nicht mehr mit einem Glühfaden arbeiten, sondern LEDs besitzen. Beispielsweise zeigt die Schrift
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Leuchte sowie ein verbessertes Leuchtmittel hierfür, wie eingangs angegeben, zu schaffen, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeiden und Letzteren in vorteilhafter Weise weiterbilden. Insbesondere soll eine atmosphärisch ausgewogene Raumausleuchtung mit ausreichenden Lichtstärken ohne überblendende Wirkung der Leuchte gegenüber dem Raum erzielt werden und eine feingliedrige Unterstreichung der Leuchtenapplikationen erhalten werden, ohne dies durch zu dunkel bleibende Raumbereiche erkaufen zu müssen.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved luminaire and an improved light source for this purpose, as stated above, avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and further develop the latter in an advantageous manner. In particular, an atmospherically balanced room illumination with sufficient luminous intensity without cross-fading effect of the luminaire opposite the room should be achieved and a delicate underlining of the luminaire applications can be obtained without having to buy this by remaining dark areas of the room.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe durch ein Leuchtmittel gemäß Anspruch 1, eine Leuchte gemäß Anspruch 14, sowie eine Auskoppeloptik gemäß Anspruch 16 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by a luminous means according to claim 1, a luminaire according to
Es wird also vorgeschlagen, das Leuchtmittel mit einer über verschiedene Raumbereiche variierenden Abstrahlcharakteristik zu versehen, um einerseits eine ausreichend helle Raumausleuchtung zu ermöglichen, andererseits aber kein übermäßig helles Erscheinungsbild der Leuchte bzw. des Lüsters auf den Betrachter zu erzeugen. In Richtung von Blickachsen eines Betrachters auf die sichtbaren Leuchtmittel besitzt das Leuchtmittel deutlich geringere, unter der Blendungsgrenze liegende Lichtstärken als in Raumbereichen, aus denen die Leuchtmittel bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung in Leuchten üblicherweise nicht betrachtet werden bzw. aus denen üblicherweise keine Blickachsen auf die Leuchtmittel fallen. Erfindungsgemäß besitzt die Abstrahloptik des Leuchtmittels zumindest einen ringförmigen, bei aufrechter Ausrichtung des Leuchtmittels liegend ausgerichteten Ausblendbereich zwischen dem oberen Halbraum und dem unteren Halbraum. In diesem Ausblendbereich betragen die Lichtstärken weniger als 10% der maximalen Lichtstärke, die in den oberen und unteren Halbräumen von dem Leuchtmittel erzeugt wird. Dabei umfasst die Abstrahloptik einen von der Lichtquelle beabstandeten Abstrahlkorpus sowie einen zwischen dem Abstrahlkorpus und der Lichtquelle angeordneten, aus transparentem Vollmaterial gebildeten länglichen Lichtlenkteil, in den von der Lichtquelle abgegebenes Licht stirnseitig eintritt, um zum genannten Abstrahlkorpus geleitet zu werden. Die Abstrahloptik ist also derart ausgebildet, dass der erzeugte Abstrahlraum insgesamt betrachtet zumindest eine Einschnürung im Bereich näherungsweise horizontaler Abstrahlung und/oder leicht abschüssiger Abstrahlung aufweist. In dem pilzkopfförmigen Ausblendbereich sind die von dem Leuchtmittel erzeugten Lichtstärken deutlich geringer als in den darüber und/oder darunter liegenden Abstrahlraumbereichen, wobei die Lichtstärken in dem genannten pilzkopfförmigen bzw. ringförmigen Ausblendbereich näherungsweise gegen Null gehen können, jedoch auch auf einem gewissen Sockelniveau unter der Blendungsgrenze verbleiben können, insbesondere weniger als 5% der maximalen Lichtstärken in den nicht abgeblendeten Bereichen betragen können, während die Lichtstärken in dem darüber und/oder darunter liegenden Abstrahlbereich deutlich höher sind.It is therefore proposed to provide the illuminant with a varying over different spatial areas radiation characteristic, on the one hand to allow a sufficiently bright room illumination, but on the other hand not to produce excessively bright appearance of the lamp or the chandelier on the viewer. In the direction of the viewer's viewpoints on the visible light means the bulb has much lower, below the glare limit levels of light than in areas of space from which the bulbs are not considered when used as intended in lights usually or from which usually no sight axes fall on the bulbs. According to the invention, the emission optics of the luminous means have at least one annular masking region lying horizontally in the upright orientation of the luminous means between the upper half space and the lower half space. In this blanking area, the light intensities are less than 10% of the maximum light intensity that is generated in the upper and lower half spaces of the light source. In this case, the abstract optics comprises a radiation body which is at a distance from the light source and an elongated light-guiding part which is arranged between the emission body and the light source and which is emitted from the light source in order to be directed to said emission body. The abstract optics is thus designed in such a way that, viewed as a whole, the generated blasting room has at least one constriction in the region of approximately horizontal radiation and / or slightly sloping radiation. In the mushroom-shaped Ausblendbereich the light intensities generated by the bulb are significantly lower than in the above and / or underlying Abstrahlraumbereichen, the light intensities in said mushroom-shaped or annular Ausblendbereich can go to approximately zero, but also at a certain base level below the glare limit may remain, in particular less than 5% of the maximum light intensities in the non-dimmed areas, while the light intensities in the above and / or below the radiating area are significantly higher.
Die Abstrahloptik kann dabei vorteilhafterweise derart ausgebildet sein, dass sich der Ausblendbereich zwischen den bestrahlten, oberen und unteren Halbraumbereichen im Querschnitt betrachtet mit zunehmendem Abstand von dem Leuchtmittel keilförmig aufweitet, so dass die Dicke bzw. Höhe des abgeblendeten Bereichs mit zunehmendem Abstand immer größer wird. Der keilförmige Ausblendbereich kann sich dabei vorteilhafterweise um die Horizontale herum und/oder leicht abschüssig erstrecken, um in Bereichen, in denen Personen den Lüster schräg von unten betrachten, deutlich verringerte Lichtstärken zu erzeugen.The abstract optics can advantageously be designed such that the Ausblendbereich between the irradiated upper and lower Halbraumbereichen viewed in cross-section widens wedge-shaped with increasing distance from the light source, so that the thickness or height of the dimmed area becomes larger with increasing distance. The wedge-shaped Ausblendbereich can thereby advantageously around the horizontal around and / or slightly sloping to create significantly reduced light levels in areas where people view the chandelier diagonally from below.
Die keilförmige Aufweitung kann dabei hinsichtlich ihres Keilwinkels an die jeweilige Einbausituation der Leuchte und/oder die Raumgröße angepasst werden, wobei ein günstiger Kompromiss für viele Anwendungsfälle einen Keilwinkel im Bereich von 10° bis 40°, insbesondere etwa 15° bis 25° vorsehen kann.The wedge-shaped expansion can be adjusted in terms of their wedge angle to the respective installation situation of the lamp and / or the room size, with a favorable compromise for many applications, a wedge angle in the range of 10 ° to 40 °, in particular about 15 ° to 25 ° can provide.
Der genannte Ausblendbereich der Abstrahloptik kann zu einer Hauptachse des Leuchtmittels, die eine Symmetrieachse oder eine Längsachse des Leuchtmittels bilden und/oder durch den Befestigungsabschnitt des Leuchtmittels gehen kann, quer ausgerichtet sein und/oder eine zu der genannten Hauptachse zumindest näherungsweise senkrecht stehende Querschnittsebene enthalten, wobei eine den Ausblendbereich mittig teilende Linie im Querschnitt betrachtet zur genannten Hauptachse vorzugsweise spitzwinklig geneigt oder zumindest näherungsweise senkrecht angeordnet ist, beispielsweise unter einem Winkel von 70° bis 90°, insbesondere etwa 80° bis 90°. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der genannte Ausblendbereich zumindest näherungsweise rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich der genannten Hauptachse ausgebildet sein. Steht das Leuchtmittel mit seiner Hauptachse näherungsweise senkrecht, was üblicherweise einem bestimmungsgemäßen Einbau des Leuchtmittels entsprechen kann, erstreckt sich der genannte Ausblendbereich näherungsweise horizontal bzw. liegend leicht abschüssig von dem Leuchtmittel weg. Darüber und darunter, d.h. in einen Raumbereich oberhalb des liegenden Ausblendbereichs und in einen Raumbereich unterhalb des liegenden Ausblendbereiches strahlt die Abstrahloptik hingegen das von der Lichtquelle abgegebene Licht in den auszuleuchtenden Raum ab.The said blanking region of the abstract optics can be transversely aligned to a main axis of the luminous means, which form an axis of symmetry or a longitudinal axis of the luminous means and / or can pass through the fastening section of the luminous means, and / or contain a cross-sectional plane at least approximately perpendicular to the said main axis, wherein a line dividing the Ausblendbereich centrally viewed in cross-section to said main axis is preferably acute-angled or at least approximately perpendicular, for example at an angle of 70 ° to 90 °, in particular about 80 ° to 90 °. As an alternative or in addition, said masking area may be formed at least approximately rotationally symmetrical with respect to the said main axis. If the luminous means is approximately perpendicular with its main axis, which can usually correspond to a proper installation of the luminous means, said Ausblendbereich extends approximately horizontally or lying slightly sloping away from the light source. Above and below, i. In contrast, the abstraction radiates the light emitted by the light source into the space to be illuminated into a spatial area above the horizontal masking area and into a spatial area below the horizontal masking area.
Um die Lichtquelle an einem stirnseitigen Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels anordnen zu können, insbesondere dabei eine punktförmige Lichtquelle wie eine LED verwenden zu können, ist die Abstrahloptik und deren ringförmiger Ausblendbereich von der Lichtquelle axial in Richtung der genannten Hauptachse des Leuchtmittels beabstandet angeordnet. Der ringförmige Ausblendbereich erstreckt sich also vorteilhafterweise nicht unmittelbar von der Lichtquelle ausgehend, sondern von einem Leuchtmittelabschnitt aus, der von der Lichtquelle axial beabstandet ist. Hierdurch kann ein optisch ausgewogeneres Erscheinungsbild erzielt und dabei gleichzeitig eine bessere Kühlung der Lichtquelle bzw. der damit verbundenen Elektronikbauteile erreicht werden.In order to be able to arrange the light source at an end-side end section of the luminous means, in particular to use a punctiform light source such as an LED, the abstraction and its annular Ausblendbereich of the light source is arranged axially spaced apart in the direction of said main axis of the light source. The annular masking area Thus, advantageously, it does not extend directly from the light source, but rather from a light source section that is axially spaced from the light source. As a result, a more optically balanced appearance can be achieved and at the same time a better cooling of the light source or the associated electronic components can be achieved.
Durch die Zwischenschaltung des länglichen, aus transparentem Vollmaterial bestehenden Lichtlenkteils, das von dem Licht der Lichtquelle durchstrahlt wird, kann neben einem insgesamt kerzenähnlichen Erscheinungsbild gleichzeitig eine erhöhte Gestaltungsfreiheit für den Abstrahlkorpus erzielt werden, der hierdurch weniger den räumlichen Beschränkungen in der Nachbarschaft der Lichtquelle unterliegt. Zum anderen wird das Licht in einer vorbestimmten Richtung auf den Abstrahlkorpus gelenkt, so dass dieser mit einer verhältnismäßig einfachen Form die gewünschte Abstrahlcharakteristik erzielen kann.By the interposition of the elongated, made of transparent solid material light guide member which is irradiated by the light of the light source, in addition to an overall candle-like appearance at the same time increased freedom of design for the Abstrahlkorpus be achieved, which is less subject to the spatial limitations in the vicinity of the light source. On the other hand, the light is directed in a predetermined direction on the Abstrahlkorpus, so that it can achieve the desired emission with a relatively simple shape.
Vorteilhafterweise kann der genannte Abstrahlkorpus ähnlich dem Lichtlenkteil als Vollmaterialkorpus ausgebildet und/oder zumindest überwiegend aus einem transparenten Vollmaterial gebildet sein, so dass sich das Licht in dem Abstrahlkorpus überwiegend in dessen Vollmaterial ausbreitet.Advantageously, said radiating body similar to the light guide member may be formed as a solid material body and / or at least predominantly formed of a transparent solid material, so that the light propagates in the radiating body predominantly in its solid material.
Der Abstrahlkorpus und der Lichtlenkteil können integral einstückig, materialhomogen ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise durch Gießen in einem Stück und/oder Umformen eines einstückigen Materialblocks.The radiating body and the light-guiding part may be integrally formed in one piece, material-homogeneous, for example by casting in one piece and / or forming a one-piece material block.
Alternativ zu einer solchen integral einstückigen Ausbildung können der Abstrahlkorpus und der Lichtlenkteil auch als separate Bauteile ausgebildet sein, die mit zueinander komplementären Fügeflächen aneinandergesetzt sein können. Durch eine solche mehrteilige Ausbildung kann eine vereinfachte Fertigung erzielt werden.As an alternative to such an integrally integral construction, the radiating body and the light-guiding part may also be designed as separate components, which may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces. By such a multi-part training a simplified production can be achieved.
Um das von der Lichtquelle abgegebene Licht im Wesentlichen vollständig in den Lichtlenkteil einzustrahlen, kann in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung zwischen dem Lichtlenkteil und der Lichtquelle eine Linse vorgesehen sein, die das von der Lichtquelle abgegebene Licht im Wesentlichen vollständig einfängt und stirnseitig in den länglichen Lichtlenkteil einlenkt. Die genannte Linse kann hierbei integral einstückig an den Lichtlenkteil angeformt sein. Alternativ kann die genannte Linse auch separat von dem Lichtlenkteil ausgebildet sein, wobei der Lichtlenkteil und die Linse mit zueinander komplementären Fügeflächen aneinandergesetzt sein können. Dies vereinfacht ebenfalls die Fertigung.In order to radiate the light emitted by the light source essentially completely into the light-guiding part, in an advantageous development of the invention be provided between the light guide member and the light source, a lens which substantially completely captures the light emitted from the light source and deflects the end face into the elongated light guide member. The said lens may in this case be integrally formed integrally with the light-guiding part. Alternatively, said lens may also be formed separately from the light-guiding part, wherein the light-directing part and the lens may be juxtaposed with mutually complementary joining surfaces. This also simplifies the production.
Der Abstrahlkorpus, der Lichtlenkteil und die genannte Linse können hierbei aus demselben Material bestehen, beispielsweise einem transparenten Kunststoff, insbesondere auch aus Silikon. Alternativ ist es aber auch möglich, unterschiedliche Materialien für den Abstrahlkorpus und/oder den Lichtlenkteil und/oder die Linse zu verwenden.The Abstrahlkorpus, the light guide member and said lens may in this case consist of the same material, for example a transparent plastic, in particular also of silicone. Alternatively, it is also possible to use different materials for the radiating body and / or the light-guiding part and / or the lens.
In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Abstrahlkorpus einen der Lichtquelle stirnseitig zugewandten Reflektor aufweisen, der an einem der Lichtquelle gegenüberliegenden stirnseitigen Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels vorgesehen ist und Licht an der Lichtquelle vorbei in den Rücken der Lichtquelle strahlt. Ist die Lichtquelle an einem unteren Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels angeordnet, beispielsweise unmittelbar an einem Leuchtmittelsockel, der den Befestigungsabschnitt aufweist, kann der Reflektor an einem oberen Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels angeordnet sein und Licht in den unteren Halbraum abstrahlen. Ist alternativ hierzu die Lichtquelle an einem oberen Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels angeordnet, kann der Reflektor an einem unteren Endabschnitt des Leuchtmittels vorgesehen sein und das von der Lichtquelle eingefangene Licht in den oberen Halbraum reflektieren.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Abstrahlkorpus having a light source frontally facing reflector, which is provided on one of the light source opposite end-side end portion of the lamp and emits light past the light source in the back of the light source. If the light source is arranged on a lower end section of the luminous means, for example directly on a luminous means base having the fastening section, the reflector can be arranged on an upper end section of the luminous means and radiate light into the lower half-space. Alternatively, if the light source is arranged at an upper end portion of the luminous means, the reflector may be provided at a lower end portion of the luminous means and reflect the light captured by the light source into the upper half space.
Der genannte Reflektor kann vorteilhafterweise eine leicht konvexe Wölbung und/oder eine der Lichtquelle zugewandte Balligkeit besitzen, um das in den Rücken der Lichtquelle gestrahlte Licht kegelartig aufzuweiten und einen ausreichend großen Raumbereich zu bestrahlen.Said reflector can advantageously have a slightly convex curvature and / or a crown facing the light source in order to conically expand the light radiated into the back of the light source and to irradiate a sufficiently large spatial area.
Der vorgenannte Reflektor ist vorteilhafterweise einfach reflektierend ausgebildet, um eine hohe Effizienz zu erreichen und Verluste durch Mehrfachreflexion zu vermeiden.The aforementioned reflector is advantageously designed to be simply reflective in order to achieve high efficiency and to avoid losses due to multiple reflection.
Der genannte Reflektor kann insbesondere von einer stirnseitigen, dem Lichtlenkteil abgewandten Oberfläche des Abstrahlkorpus gebildet sein, die reflektierend bzw. total reflektierend ausgebildet ist.The named reflector can in particular be formed by an end face of the emission body facing away from the light guide part, which is designed to be reflective or totally reflecting.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung der Erfindung kann der Abstrahlkorpus eine der Lichtquelle gegenüberliegende Stirnseite des Leuchtmittels bilden, wobei der genannte Abstrahlkorpus vorteilhafterweise einen ersten Abschnitt umfassen kann, der durchstrahlbar ausgebildet ist und eine Licht aufweitend konturierte Lichteintritts- und/oder Lichtaustrittsfläche besitzen kann, so dass der auf den genannten ersten Abschnitt des Abstrahlkorpus gelenkte Lichtanteil durch den genannten ersten Abschnitt hindurchtritt und vorteilhafterweise einen näherungsweise kegelförmigen, aufgeweiteten Abstrahlraum erzeugt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Abstrahlkorpus form a light source opposite the end face of the light source, said Abstrahlkorpus may advantageously comprise a first portion which is formed durchstrahlbar and may have a light widening contoured Lichteintritts- and / or light exit surface, so that the directed to said first portion of the Abstrahlkorpus light component passes through said first portion and advantageously generates an approximately conical, expanded Abstrahlraum.
Ein zweiter Abschnitt des genannten Abstrahlkorpus kann reflektierend ausgebildet sein und insbesondere den vorgenannten Reflektor bilden, der der Lichtquelle zugewandt ist und auf der der Lichtquelle gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite des Leuchtmittels angeordnet sein kann.A second section of said radiating body can be designed to be reflective and in particular to form the aforementioned reflector, which faces the light source and can be arranged on the light source's opposite end side of the light source.
Die beiden genannten Abschnitte des Abstrahlkorpus können einander ringförmig umgeben bzw. ineinander liegend angeordnet sein. Beispielsweise kann der erste durchstrahlbare Abschnitt einen Kern- oder Innenabschnitt des Abstrahlkorpus bilden, während der genannte zweite, reflektierende Abschnitt einen Außenabschnitt des Abstrahlkorpus bilden kann.The two mentioned sections of the radiating body can be surrounded in an annular manner or arranged one inside the other. For example, the first radiatable portion may form a core or inner portion of the radiating body, while said second reflective portion may form an outer portion of the radiating body.
Um das von der Lichtquelle abgegebene Licht gezielt und/oder im Wesentlichen vollständig auf den genannten Abstrahlkorpus zu lenken, kann der längliche Lichtlenkteil zwischen dem genannten Abstrahlkorpus und der Lichtquelle einen Kollimator bilden, der das von der Lichtquelle abgegebene Licht einfängt und parallel gerichtet auf den Abstrahlkorpus lenkt. Der genannte Kollimator kann hierbei einen länglichen, insbesondere stabförmigen oder zylindrischen Leuchtmittelkorpus aus transparentem Vollmaterial bilden.In order to direct the light emitted by the light source specifically and / or substantially completely onto said radiating body, the elongated light-guiding part between said radiating body and the light source can form a collimator which captures the light emitted by the light source and directed in parallel directed to the radiating body. Said collimator can in this case form an elongate, in particular rod-shaped or cylindrical, lamp body made of transparent solid material.
Um eine schlanke, für Lüster geeignete Außenkonturierung zu ermöglichen, gleichzeitig aber eine übermäßige axiale Baulänge zu vermeiden, kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung ein topfförmiger Treiberkorpus vorgesehen sein, der den Befestigungsabschnitt des Leuchtmittels umgibt, wobei in dem genannten topfförmigen Treiberkorpus elektronische Steuerungsbauteile aufgenommen sein können, mit Hilfe derer die Lichtquelle beispielsweise in Form einer LED angesteuert wird. Gleichzeitig können an dem genannten Treiberkorpus vorteilhafterweise Kühlrippen vorgesehen sein, um die notwendige Wärmeabfuhr zu ermöglichen.In order to enable a slim, suitable for chandeliers outer contouring, but at the same time to avoid an excessive axial length, can be provided in a further development of the invention, a cup-shaped driver body surrounding the mounting portion of the bulb, wherein in said cup-shaped driver body electronic control components can be included with the help of which the light source is driven, for example in the form of an LED. At the same time, cooling ribs can advantageously be provided on the said driver body in order to allow the necessary heat dissipation.
Gleichzeitig kann eine der Lichtquelle zugewandte Stirnfläche des Treibertopfs reflektierend ausgebildet sein bzw. einen der vorgenannten Reflektoren bilden, der zur Auskoppeloptik gehört.At the same time, an end face of the driver pot facing the light source can be designed to be reflective or form one of the aforementioned reflectors, which belongs to the coupling-out optics.
Der genannte Befestigungsabschnitt des Leuchtmittels kann grundsätzlich verschieden ausgebildet sein, insbesondere einen Schraubgewindeabschnitt umfassen, mit Hilfe derer das Leuchtmittel in eine Schraubfassung eingeschraubt werden kann, um das Leuchtmittel lösbar an der Leuchte befestigen zu können. Alternativ kann der Befestigungsabschnitt aber auch als Steckabschnitt ausgebildet sein, wenn an der Leuchte eine Steckfassung vorgesehen ist. Grundsätzlich ist auch eine unlösbare Befestigung wie beispielsweise durch Löten oder Verkleben möglich.Said fixing portion of the lighting means may be basically different, in particular comprise a screw threaded portion, by means of which the light source can be screwed into a screw socket to attach the light source detachably to the lamp can. Alternatively, however, the attachment portion may also be designed as a plug-in section if a jack is provided on the lamp. In principle, an insoluble attachment such as by soldering or gluing is possible.
Vorteilhafterweise kann dem genannten Befestigungsabschnitt ein elektrischer Kupplungskontakt zugeordnet sein, der beim Befestigen des Befestigungsabschnitts an dem leuchtenseitigen Befestigungssockel automatisch mit einem dort vorgesehenen elektrischen Gegenkontakt in Berührung kommt.Advantageously, the said fastening section can be assigned an electrical coupling contact, which automatically comes into contact with an electrical countercontact provided thereon when the fastening section is fastened to the light-side mounting base.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Schnittansicht durch eine Lüsterkerze eines im Übrigen nicht dargestellten Lüsters, wobei ein Leuchtmittel nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung eingebaut ist und dessen Strahlengang dargestellt ist,
- Fig. 2:
- eine Darstellung der Leuchte aus
Fig. 1 in verschiedenen Ansichten, wobei die Teilansichten (a) bis (d) den transparenten Leuchtenschirm und das darin aufgenommene Leuchtmittel in einer perspektivischen Darstellung, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben und einer Draufsicht von unten zeigen, - Fig. 3:
- eine Darstellung des Leuchtmittels aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, wobei das Leuchtmittel gemäß den Teilansichten (a) bis (d) in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben und einer Draufsicht von unten gezeigt ist,
- Fig. 4:
- eine Darstellung einer Lüsterkerze in einer Ausführung ähnlich den
Fig. 1-3 , wobei das Leuchtmittel einen auf den unteren halbraum begrenzten Abstrahlbereich besitzt und in den Teilansichten (a) bis (e) die Leuchte in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, einer Seitenansicht, einer Draufsicht von oben, einer Draufsicht von unten sowie in einer Schnittansicht gezeigt ist, - Fig. 5:
- eine Darstellung des Leuchtmittels aus
Fig. 4 , wobei in den Teilansichten (a) bis (d) eine perspektivische Ansicht, eine Seitenansicht, eine Draufsicht von oben und eine Draufsicht von unten gezeigt sind, - Fig. 6:
- ein Diagramm, das die Lichtstärkeverteilung in verschiedenen Abstrahlrichtungen zeigt, wobei 0° die Leuchtmittelhauptachse in Richtung durch den Befestigungsabschnitt - also bei bestimmungsgemäßen Einbau die Senkrechte nach unten - angibt,
- Fig. 7:
- eine schematisierte Darstellung der Abstrahlcharakteristik der Leuchten aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, die den liegenden, ringförmigen Ausblendbereich in einem Bereich von 70° bis 90° zur Leuchtmittel-Hauptachse zeigt, und
- Fig. 8:
- eine herkömmliche Abstrahlcharakteristik nach dem Stand der Technik.
- Fig. 1:
- 5 is a sectional view through a chandelier candle of a chandelier, not otherwise shown, wherein a lighting means is installed according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention and the beam path is shown,
- Fig. 2:
- a representation of the lamp
Fig. 1 in various views, wherein the partial views (a) to (d) show the transparent lampshade and the light bulb received therein in a perspective view, a side view, a top view and a bottom plan view, - 3:
- 1 is a representation of the luminous means from the preceding figures, wherein the luminous means according to the partial views (a) to (d) is shown in a perspective view, a side view, a plan view from above and a plan view from below,
- 4:
- a representation of a Luster candle in an embodiment similar to the
Fig. 1-3 in which the luminous means has a radiation area delimited on the lower half space and in the partial views (a) to (e) the luminaire is shown in a perspective view, a side view, a top view, a bottom view and in a sectional view, - Fig. 5:
- a representation of the bulb
Fig. 4 wherein in the partial views (a) to (d) are shown a perspective view, a side view, a plan view from above and a plan view from below, - Fig. 6:
- a diagram showing the light intensity distribution in different directions of radiation, where 0 ° the main axis of the bulb in Direction through the attachment section - ie when installed according to the vertical down - indicates
- Fig. 7:
- a schematic representation of the emission characteristics of the lights from the preceding figures, showing the horizontal annular Ausblendbereich in a range of 70 ° to 90 ° to the main axis of the bulb, and
- Fig. 8:
- a conventional emission characteristic according to the prior art.
Die Figuren zeigen jeweils nur einen Teil einer Leuchte, wobei insbesondere eine Lüsterkerze eines im Übrigen nicht gezeigten Lüsters 1 dargestellt ist, der eine Vielzahl solcher Lüsterkerzen in an sich bekannter Weise wie bei Kronleuchtern üblich besitzen kann. Die in den Figuren gezeigten Lüsterkerzen können dabei beispielsweise auf sternförmig positionierten Tragarmen angeordnet sein und eine aufrechte Ausrichtung besitzen, so dass eine Hauptachse 17 der Leuchtmittel 3 zumindest näherungsweise vertikal ausgerichtet ist.The figures each show only a part of a lamp, in particular a Luster candle of a chandelier 1, not shown otherwise, which may have a variety of such Luster candles in a conventional manner as in chandeliers usual. The chandelier candles shown in the figures can be arranged, for example, on star-shaped support arms and have an upright orientation, so that a main axis 17 of the lighting means 3 is aligned at least approximately vertically.
Wie beispielsweise
Wie die Figuren zeigen, kann das Leuchtmittel 3 einen Befestigungsabschnitt 4 aufweisen, der beispielsweise in Form eines Gewindeabschnitts bzw. einer Gewindefassung 5 ausgebildet sein kann, so dass das Leuchtmittel 3 lösbar an dem Leuchtmittelsockel 25 der Leuchte bzw. des Lüsters 1 befestigt, insbesondere eingeschraubt werden kann. Dem genannten Befestigungsabschnitt 4 ist dabei vorteilhafterweise ein elektrischer Kupplungskontakt 6 zugeordnet, der beim Befestigen am Leuchtmittelsockel 25 automatisch mit einem dort vorgesehenen elektrischen Gegenkontakt in Berührung kommt, um das Leuchtmittel 3 mit elektrischer Energie zu versorgen.As the figures show, the lighting means 3 may have a fixing portion 4, which may be formed for example in the form of a threaded portion or a threaded
Wie insbesondere
Wie beispielsweise
Wie
Um das von der Lichtquelle 7 abgegebene Licht in der gewünschten Weise abzustrahlen, kann der Leuchtmittelkorpus des Leuchtmittels 3 eine Abstrahloptik 11 aufweisen, die bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Der genannte Leuchtmittelkorpus 26, der die Auskoppeloptik 11 enthält, kann vorteilhafterweise eine eigenständige Baugruppe bilden, die lösbar an dem Befestigungsabschnitt 4 und/oder dem Treibertopf 23, die einzeln oder zusammen eine weitere Baugruppe bilden können, befestigt werden kann. Durch einen solchen modularen Aufbau kann beispielsweise die Lichtquelle 7 in Form einer LED getauscht werden oder der zusammen mit dem Befestigungsabschnitt 4 als Basisgruppe konfigurierte Treibertopf 23 durch Anbau verschiedener Abstrahloptiken an variierende Anwendungen angepasst werden, um nach dem Baukastenprinzip die Zahl der verschiedenen Bauteile gering zu halten.Said
Wie
Um das von der Lichtquelle 7 abgestrahlte Licht vollständig einzufangen, kann auch eine Linse 19 zwischen dem länglichen Lichtlenkteil 27 und der Lichtquelle 7 vorgesehen sein, welche Linse 19 ebenfalls aus einem transparenten Vollmaterial bestehen kann, insbesondere aus Glas oder Kunststoff, beispielsweise Silikon oder einer auf Silikon basierenden Materialmischung. Die genannte Linse 19 kann hierbei integraler Bestandteil des Lichtlenkteils 27 sein, beispielsweise dessen stirnseitigen Endabschnitt bilden. Alternativ kann die Linse 19 auch als separates Bauteil ausgebildet sein, das mit einer zur Stirnseite des Lichtlenkteils 27 passenden Fügefläche an das genannte Lichtlenkteil 27 angesetzt sein bzw. damit verbunden sein kann. Eine separate Ausbildung von Abstrahlkorpus 21, Lichtlenkteil 27 und Linse 19 kann eine einfachere Fertigung ermöglichen. Grundsätzlich kommt aber auch eine integral einstückige, materialhomogene Ausbildung von Abstrahlkorpus 21, Lichtlenkteil 27 und Linse 19 in Betracht.In order to completely capture the light emitted by the light source 7, a
Wie
Ein den genannten ersten Abschnitt 28 ringförmig umgebender zweiter Abschnitt 30 des genannten Abstrahlkorpus 21 kann einen Reflektor bilden, beispielsweise durch reflektierende Beschichtung der stirnseitigen Außenfläche des Abstrahlkorpus 21 in besagtem zweiten Abschnitt 30. Die der Lichtquelle 7 zugewandte Seite des genannten zweiten Abschnitts 30 bildet dabei einen Reflektor 18, der zur Lichtquelle 7 hin ballig bzw. konvex gewölbt sein kann und/oder zumindest abschnittsweise kegelförmig geneigt angestellt sein kann, vgl.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Abstrahlkorpus 21, insbesondere dessen Lichtaustrittsflächen und/oder der von einem Abschnitt gebildete Reflektor 18 zumindest näherungsweise rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet sein, und zwar bezüglich der Hauptachse 17 des Leuchtmittels 3, die im Wesentlichen von der Längsachse des Leuchtmittels 3 gebildet sein kann.In a further development of the invention, the
Wie die
Wie
Je nach Beleuchtungsaufgabe und Raumumgebung kann der genannte Ausblendraum auch über die Horizontale hinausgehen, d.h. einen Lichtanteil, der an sich in den oberen Halbraum strahlen würde, ausblenden, wie dies die gestrichelten Linien in
Der vorgenannte Keilwinkel 16 kann insofern auch von den genannten 20° abweichen, beispielsweise im Bereich von 3° bis 100° variieren, insbesondere zwischen 5° und 70° oder zwischen 10° und 50° betragen.The aforesaid wedge angle 16 may thus also deviate from the 20 ° mentioned, for example in the range from 3 ° to 100 °, in particular between 5 ° and 70 ° or between 10 ° and 50 °.
Der genannte Ausblendbereich 15 kann vorteilhafterweise rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich der Hauptachse 17 sein.Said
Die Lichtstärkeverteilung ist in
In jedem Fall zeigt die
In dem besagten Ausblendbereich 15, unabhängig von der konkreten Größe des genannten Keilwinkels und/oder unabhängig von der Neigung des Keils, sind die Lichtstärken signifikant niedriger als in den nicht-ausgeblendeten Bereichen des Strahlungsraums, wobei die Lichtstärken in dem besagten Ausblendbereich 15 vorteilhafterweise maximal 10%, insbesondere weniger als 5% oder auch weniger als 3% der maximalen Lichtstärke, die in nicht-abgeblendeten Strahlungsraumbereichen auftritt, betragen kann.In the said
Wie in
Die
Claims (17)
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DE202014010058.6U DE202014010058U1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Light and bulbs for this |
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US20090067179A1 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2009-03-12 | Light Prescriptions Innovators, Llc | Optical device for led-based lamp |
WO2009150574A1 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lamp unit and luminaire |
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JP5964714B2 (en) * | 2012-10-05 | 2016-08-03 | 株式会社エンプラス | Luminous flux control member, light emitting device, and illumination device |
WO2015043980A1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-04-02 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Remote controllable lighting device |
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- 2014-12-19 DE DE202014010058.6U patent/DE202014010058U1/en active Active
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US20090067179A1 (en) * | 2003-05-13 | 2009-03-12 | Light Prescriptions Innovators, Llc | Optical device for led-based lamp |
WO2009150574A1 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2009-12-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Lamp unit and luminaire |
US20120147611A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2012-06-14 | Osram Sylvania, Inc. | Light emitting diode-based lamp having a volume scattering element |
DE102010014520A1 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2011-10-13 | Christian Bartenbach | lamp |
WO2012178155A2 (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-27 | Organo Bulb Inc. | Led candle bulb and led candle light |
DE202011051605U1 (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-01-17 | Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh | lamp |
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CN203384709U (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2014-01-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Illumination light source and illumination device |
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