EP2019253B1 - Lamp for illumination of a surface of a building - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a luminaire for illuminating building, building part or outer surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1.

A lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 is from the German patent application DE 10 2004 042 915 A1 the applicant.

The prior art luminaire has a reflector which has numerous facet-shaped segments on its inside. The segments each have a surface curved toward the interior and may be spherical, cylindrical or aspherical basic shape.

From the DE 199 10 192 A1 is known a reflector for reflecting light rays, which also has numerous faceted segments on its inner side.

Based on the lamp described above, the object of the invention is to further develop a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 such that it allows an improved adjustment of the illumination intensity distribution.

1. a) dass die Segmente eine reflektierende Oberfläche zylindrischer Grundform aufweisen, wobei jedem zylindrischen Segment eine Zylinderachse zuordenbar ist,
2. b) dass mehrere zylindrische Segmente zwischen einem Scheitelbereich und einem freien Randbereich des Reflektors angeordnet sind,
3. c) dass die Zylinderachsen unter einem spitzen Winkel zur Längsmittelachse des Reflektors ausgerichtet sind, wobei die Ausrichtung der Zylinderachsen mit unterschiedlichem Abstand des Segmentes von dem Scheitelbereich variiert,
4. d) dass jeweils in einem Anbindungsbereich eines zylindrischen Segmentes an den Reflektor eine Tangente an die Aussenseite des Reflektors anlegbar ist, wobei zwischen der Tangente und der Zylinderachse des zugehörigen Segmentes ein Abweichungswinkel liegt,
5. e) und dass der Abweichungswinkel mit unterschiedlichem Abstand des Segmentes vom Scheitelbereich variiert.

The invention solves this problem with the features of claim 1, in particular with those of the characterizing part, and is accordingly characterized in that

1. a) that the segments have a reflective surface of cylindrical basic shape, wherein each cylindrical segment can be assigned a cylinder axis,
2. b) that a plurality of cylindrical segments are arranged between a vertex area and a free edge area of the reflector,
3. c) that the cylinder axes are aligned at an acute angle to the longitudinal central axis of the reflector, wherein the orientation of the cylinder axes varies with different distance of the segment from the apex region,
4. d) that in each case in a connection region of a cylindrical segment to the reflector, a tangent to the outside of the reflector can be applied, wherein between the tangent and the cylinder axis of the associated segment is a deviation angle,
5. e) and that the deviation angle varies with different distance of the segment from the apex area.

The luminaire according to the invention serves for illuminating building, building part or exterior surfaces. In particular, the luminaire according to the invention is used for illumination, in particular for particularly uniform illumination, of floor and / or wall or / and ceiling surfaces of a building. In the case of a design of the luminaire according to the invention as an outdoor light, for example, also road surfaces, green areas or parking areas can be illuminated. The luminaire according to the invention likewise serves for illuminating objects, for example pictures or statues.

It comprises a substantially cup-shaped arched reflector, in particular a parabolic reflector, ie a reflector which has a substantially parabolic cross-section. Further advantageously, the reflector is in terms of its basic shape its longitudinal central axis formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.

In the interior of the reflector, a light source can be arranged. This may be, for example, a HIT lamp, e.g. a HIT-TC-CE, or another metal halide lamp, alternatively one or more LEDs. Also, several HIT lamps can be arranged in the interior of the reflector. Advantageously, only one lamp is introduced through an opening in the reflector, in particular through a mounted in the apex region of the reflector opening into the interior of the reflector. In addition to the use of HIT lamps, it is also possible to use halogen low-voltage incandescent lamps, for example QT9, QT12 or QT16 lamps. Preferably, in particular, substantially point-shaped light sources are used, i. Such bulbs that emit the light from a very small volume out.

On the inside of the reflector, a plurality of facet-like segments is arranged. The inside of the reflector may be completely occupied by facet-shaped segments or only partially, i. along certain subregions, be occupied with segments. For example, it is conceivable that only a circumferential angular range of e.g. 90 °, ie a four-circle segment, is occupied by facet-shaped segments, and the remaining three-quadrant region of the reflector is substantially smooth.

Each segment has in each case a curved surface towards the interior. At least some of the segments have a reflective surface of cylindrical basic shape. This means that the segments are provided by a body which, as a sectional body, originates from a cylindrical body, in particular a circular cylinder. Each cylindrical segment can be assigned a cylinder axis. The cylinder axis is the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body or is parallel to this. Preferably, each cylindrical base body is a circular cylindrical basic body.

The reflecting surface of the cylindrical segment is that surface portion of the cylindrical segment which contributes to the reflection of light rays emitted from the light source. The reflective surface is curved about the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical base body.

As the cylinder axis of a cylindrical segment, each axis is referred to in the sense of the present patent application, which runs parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical segment.

Between the apex region of the reflector and a free edge region of the reflector, a plurality of cylindrical segments are arranged. These can be arranged directly next to each other, and in this way, e.g. staircase-like or in the manner of a sawtooth structure, merge into each other. It is also possible that two cylindrical segments are spaced from each other, wherein between the spaced-apart cylindrical segments, a flat or smooth surface or a segment with a different, non-cylindrical curvature is arranged.

In the luminaire according to the invention, the cylinder axes are aligned at an acute angle, ie an angle smaller than 90 °, to the longitudinal central axis of the reflector. The cylindrical segments are thus arranged such that their cylinder axis intersects the longitudinal central axis of the reflector at an acute angle. The orientation of the cylinder axes relative to the longitudinal center axes of the reflector varies at the different segments with a different distance from the apex region of the reflector.

Each segment is assigned a connection area. The area of attachment of a segment is that area of the segment with which the segment is connected to the reflector. This can be, for example, the head region of the respective cylindrical segment, that is to say that region of the cylindrical segment which is closest to the vertex region of the reflector, or alternatively a lateral region of the respective cylindrical segment. The connection region of a segment is preferably in each case that region of a segment which is closest to the reflector. In each connection region of a segment to the reflector, a tangent can be applied to the outside of the reflector. The outside of the reflector is the side facing away from the interior of the reflector to understand. It is assumed that the outside of the reflector is not structured and the reflector has only a very small wall thickness. In the case of a structured outside of the reflector, the tangent is thought to a curve, e.g. attached to a parabola, which specifies the basic shape of the reflector.

Between the tangent and the cylinder axis of the associated segment is a deviation angle. This deviation angle is preferably an acute angle and varies with different distances of the segments to the apex region of the reflector.

In other words, the cylindrical segments are arranged and oriented in such a way that, when a cross section through the reflector is considered, the longitudinal sides, that is to say the lateral surfaces of the cylinder, which contribute to the optical light guidance, are oriented in such a way that they have a polygonal tension deviating from the basic shape of the reflector. Form structure.

In this way, for example by using a substantially parabolic curved reflector and by a corresponding adjustment of the cylindrical facets a reflector be mimicked elliptical basic shape. This allows, for example, a small design of the reflector with respect to an elliptical cross-section shaped reflector and accordingly the construction of a lamp with only a small installation depth.

On the other hand, by employing the cylindrical facets according to the inventive teaching, an almost arbitrary illuminance distribution can be generated. For example, it can be achieved that an illuminance distribution within a given light field is designed to be completely uniform. Alternatively, in the case of using the luminaire to illuminate floor and sidewall areas, e.g. a building space, be achieved that the side wall is particularly evenly lit. This is achieved by reflecting light components towards an upper sidewall area.

The use of facets with a cylindrical reflecting surface allows for a particularly uniform distribution of illuminance and the generation of "soft light", as beams are expanded by impinging on the cylindrically curved surface. The use of cylindrical segments with different angles of deviation also makes it possible to influence the illumination intensity distribution in the desired manner.

The arrangement of the facets such that the deviation angle varies with different distances of the segments to the apex region of the reflector, allows a specific guidance of light portions up or down. The terms "top" and "bottom" refer to a cover-side arrangement of the reflector and are subject to a consideration of the reflector in cross section. Alternatively, light components may be arbitrarily distributed through different angles of deviation in the segments at any angle with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the reflector to get distracted. Thus, the illumination intensity distribution can be varied in the desired manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light source is punctiform. It is a light source that is substantially punctiform, i. only emits light out of a very small volume. Advantageously, as light sources, metal halide lamps, e.g. a HIT-TC-CE lamp, QT lamps used as halogen low-voltage incandescent lamps, or at least one LED lamp. Of course, a plurality of bulbs or a group of bulbs in the interior of the reflector, preferably near the focal point of the reflector or in the focal point of the reflector, are arranged. On the one hand, this makes it possible to achieve a particularly well-defined illuminance distribution and, on the other hand, a high luminous flux.

Advantageously, the lamp is characterized in that the light source is a metal halide lamp, in particular a HIT-TC-CE lamp, or a halogen low-voltage incandescent lamp, for example a QT 12-aX or at least one LED.

Further advantageously, the lamp is characterized in that the light source is disposed near the focal point or in the focal point of the reflector.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reflector has a substantially parabolic cross-section. The reflector is therefore designed as a parabolic reflector.

Advantageously, it is substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape about its longitudinal central axis (M). This means that without taking into account the possibly asymmetrically arranged segments the Shell shape of the reflector is formed by a about the longitudinal center axis of the reflector substantially rotationally symmetrical formed body.

The reflector therefore advantageously has a substantially circular light exit opening. The reflector is fixed to the luminaire, the free edge of the reflector being formed, for example, by a part of the housing of the luminaire or / and a fixing means, e.g. a screw, can be overlapped. The free edge region of the reflector, in the case of a design of the luminaire as a ceiling luminaire or downlight, for example, flush with the ceiling surface.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the radii of curvature of the segments vary along a row. As a series, an annular arrangement of segments around the longitudinal central axis of the reflector is referred to. In the event that the segments are arranged along the entire inner surface of the reflector, the rows, or at least some of the rows, may be closed. In the event that the segments are arranged only along a circumferential angular range of the inner surface of the reflector, the rows may extend only over a circumferential angular range of the inner surface of the reflector.

By varying the radii of curvature of the segments along a row, it is possible, when using rotationally symmetrical reflectors and essentially punctiform light sources, to produce illuminance distributions which deviate from a rotational symmetry. For example, substantially oval-shaped illuminance distributions can be generated which are particularly suitable, for example, for illuminating parking areas or for use of the luminaire as a sculpture radiator, ie for illuminating sculptures or comparable objects.

Also, the lamp can be arranged directly on a ceiling wall of a building and designed as a downlight. Alternatively, the luminaire may be indirectly attached via a bus bar to a ceiling wall of a building space and e.g. be designed as a radiator. In the two last-mentioned applications, the light can illuminate the area of a side wall of a building space and at the same time the area of a bottom wall of a room. In the event that only one side wall of a room and a portion of a bottom surface is to be illuminated, the radii of curvature of the segments along a row vary, for example, such that e.g. a quarter-circle segment of the inner surface of the reflector is occupied by cylindrical facets having a first radius and the remaining segments in the remaining three-quarter circle, corresponding to about a 270 ° circumferential region of the reflector, are occupied by segments of other radii of curvature.

Advantageously, the luminaire is characterized in that the luminaire uniformly illuminates regions of the sidewall ( Fig. 7 ).

By a special adjustment of the cylindrical facets in the aforementioned four-circle circumferential region, the side wall to be illuminated can be illuminated particularly uniformly and also very far upwards. Overall, a non-rotationally symmetrical illumination intensity distribution is generated in such a luminaire.

A comparable luminaire can also be designed to illuminate two opposite side wall regions of a building space, for example an elongated corridor, at the same time illuminating areas of the bottom wall. In such an embodiment, the entire inner surface of the reflector is divided into four segments, so that there is a two-fold plane symmetry of the reflector, namely a symmetry to two through the Planes passing through the longitudinal center axis of the reflector, which are perpendicular to each other and which intersect in the longitudinal central axis of the reflector.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the radii of curvature of the segments along a row are constant. With such an embodiment of the invention, in particular particularly uniform illuminance distributions can be generated, in particular substantially rotationally symmetrical illuminance distributions, which have an almost constant illuminance distribution along the illuminated surface.

Along a column, the radii of curvature of the segments may vary or remain constant. The column refers to an array of segments arranged along a same circumferential angular range, adjacent between the apex region and the free edge region of the reflector. Whether the radii of curvature of the segments vary along a column or are kept constant depends on which illuminance distribution is desired. For example, by changing the radius of curvature of the segments along a column, a relatively narrow, i. narrowly radiating beam of light or alternatively a strongly widened beam of light can be achieved.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical segments extend along a portion of the inner surface of the reflector or along several portions of the inner surface of the reflector. Thus, for example, only a quarter-circle segment of, for example, about 90 ° of the inner surface of the reflector can be occupied by cylindrical segments, while the remaining three-quarter circle region (270 °) of the reflector is substantially smooth. Thus, for example, with little effort, a reflector can be made whose illuminance distribution from that of a facet-free reflector in the desired manner differs. Alternatively, the inner surface of the reflector may be filled with cylindrical and spherical or aspherical segments in combination. Thus, a first circumferential angular range of the reflector with cylindrical facets and another circumferential angular range of the reflector may be occupied by spherical or aspherical segments.

Finally, the cylindrical segments may also extend along the entire inner surface of the reflector.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the deviation angle varies such that segments, which are arranged close to the free edge region of the reflector, have larger angles of deviation than segments arranged near the crest. With such an arrangement, particularly many portions of light can be relatively far outward, i. in a ceiling-side arrangement far up, are reflected, so that even upper wall areas of a side wall are illuminated.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cylindrical segments at least partially radial undercuts or undercuts. This means that at least two segments arranged along a column, that is to say in the axial direction, are configured such that an overlap results when viewed in the axial direction. This allows a particularly advantageous adjustment of the cylindrical facets such that some light components emitted by the light source are emitted passing very close to the free edge region of the reflector. For example, in the case of use of the luminaire as a downlight, which is intended to illuminate side wall areas of a room area, very high sidewall areas can also be illuminated.

Particularly advantageously, the reflector with the cylindrical segments is an aluminum reflector, which is produced by a pressing method. By using suitable new tools according to the invention, an undercut arrangement can be achieved for the first time.

The cylindrical segments can advantageously be arranged along annular, circumferentially extending rows and along radial columns extending from the crown region to the edge region. In this case, segments of each two spaced-apart rows can have a sales angle offset ( Fig. 5 ) exhibit.

Fig. 1

in einer schematischen teilgeschnittenen Ansicht einen Querschnitt durch eine Leuchte des Standes der Technik,

Fig. 1a

in einer Draufsicht etwa entlang Ansichtspfeil la in Fig. 1, den Reflektor der Leuchte des Standes der Technik in Alleindarstellung,

Fig. 2

in einer schematischen Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte,

Fig. 3

in einer vergrößerten schematischen Darstellung einen Querschnittsausschnitt gemäß Ausschnittsteilkreis III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte gemäß Ansichtspfeil IV in Fig. 2 in einer sehr schematischen Darstellung,

Fig.4a

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 4,

Fig. 4b

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 4,

Fig. 5

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer perspektivischen Darstellung,

Fig. 6

in einer sehr schematischen Darstellung analog zu Fig. 1 eine Leuchte mit einem Reflektor der Fig. 5 in einem deckenseitig montierten Zustand,

Fig. 7

in einer Falschfarbendarstellung die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung, die die Leuchte der Fig. 6 auf einer durch den Doppelpfeil in Fig. 6 angedeuteten Seitenwand erzeugt,

Fig.7a

in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 7 eine Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung, die eine Leuchte des Standes der Technik mit einem rotationssymmetrischen, facettenfreien Reflektor auf der durch den Doppelpfeil in Fig. 6 angedeuteten Wand erzeugen würde,

Fig.8

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 5,

Fig. 9

in einer schematischen Ansicht beispielhaft den Verlauf von Lichtstrahlen in einer Darstellung ähnlich der Fig. 6 für eine Leuchte mit einem Reflektor gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 10

die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung auf einer Bodenfläche, die mit einer Leuchte gemäß Fig. 9 erzielbar ist,

Fig. 11

ein weiteres Ausführugsbeispiel eines Reflektors einer erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 8,

Fig. 12

die Lichtverteilungskurven für eine Leuchte mit einem Reflektor gemäß Fig. 11 in einer polaren Darstellung entlang zweier, zueinander senkrechter Betrachtungsebenen,

Fig. 13

die Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung auf einer Bodenfläche für eine Leuchte gemäß der Fig. 12 in einer Darstellung gemäß Fig. 10,

Fig. 14

in einer vergrößerten, schematischen Darstellung einen Ausschnitt aus einer Facettenreihe gemäß Ausschnittskreis XIV in Fig. 4a,

Fig. 15

eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Leuchte gemäß Fig. 2 in einer vereinfachten Darstellung,

Fig. 15a

eine Werkzeugform, deren Außenkontur sich infolge eines Drückvorgangs in die Innenseite des Reflektors einprägt,

Fig. 15b

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 15a mit einem zurückgezogenen mittleren Werkzeugteil,

Fig. 15c

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer fünfteiligen Werkzeugform in einer teilgeschnittenen, schematischen Draufsicht, etwa gemäß Schnittlinie XVc-XVc in Fig. 15a,

Fig. 15d

das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 15c mit zurückgezogenen mittleren Werkzeugteilen,

Fig. 16

in einer schematischen Darstellung vergleichbar zu Fig. 15c ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer dreiteiligen Werkzeugform,

Fig. 17

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Werkzeugform vergleichbar der Werkzeugform nach Fig. 16, wobei die drei Werkzeugteile voneinander radial beabstandet sind,

Fig. 18

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel analog zur Fig. 16, bei der eines der drei Werkzeugteile radial nach innen eingefahren ist,

Fig. 19

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Werkzeugform, bei der zwei Werkzeugteile relativ zueinander um eine untere, in einem Fußbereich der Werkzeugform angeordnete Schwenkachse schwenkbar sind,

Fig.20

in einer Darstellung analog zu Fig. 19 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugform, bei der die beiden Werkzeugteile um eine Schwenkachse schwenkbar sind, die in einem Bereich des Scheitelpunktes der Form angeordnet ist,

Fig. 21

ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Werkzeugform, bei der wenigstens zwei Werkzeugteile in Radialrichtung relativ zueinander verlagerbar sind, und

Fig. 22

eine Werkzeugform und eine im Bereich des Scheitels angeordnete Aluminiumronde sowie eine Drückvorrichtung.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the non-cited subclaims and with reference to the following description of numerous, illustrated in the figures embodiments. Show:

Fig. 1

2 is a schematic partial sectional view of a cross section through a luminaire of the prior art,

Fig. 1a

in a plan view approximately along view arrow la in Fig. 1 , the reflector of the lamp of the prior art in solitary representation,

Fig. 2

similar in a schematic representation Fig. 1 A first embodiment of a lamp according to the invention,

Fig. 3

in an enlarged schematic representation of a cross-sectional detail according to cutting part circle III in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4

an embodiment of a reflector of a lamp according to the invention according to arrow IV in Fig. 2 in a very schematic representation,

4a

a second embodiment of a reflector of a lamp according to the invention in a representation similar Fig. 4 .

Fig. 4b

a further embodiment of a reflector of a lamp according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 4 .

Fig. 5

a further embodiment of a reflector of a lamp according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 6

in a very schematic representation analogous to Fig. 1 a lamp with a reflector of Fig. 5 in a condition mounted on the ceiling,

Fig. 7

in a false color representation, the illuminance distribution that the luminaire of the Fig. 6 on a through the double arrow in Fig. 6 indicated sidewall,

7a

in a representation according to Fig. 7 an illuminance distribution, which is a luminaire of the prior art with a rotationally symmetric, facet-free reflector on the by the double arrow in Fig. 6 would produce the indicated wall,

Figure 8

a further embodiment of a reflector of a lamp according to the invention in a representation analog Fig. 5 .

Fig. 9

in a schematic view by way of example the course of light rays in a representation similar to the Fig. 6 for a luminaire with a reflector according to Fig. 8 .

Fig. 10

the distribution of illuminance on a floor surface that corresponds to a luminaire according to Fig. 9 is achievable

Fig. 11

a further Ausführugsbeispiel a reflector of a lamp according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 8 .

Fig. 12

the light distribution curves for a luminaire with a reflector according to Fig. 11 in a polar representation along two mutually perpendicular viewing planes,

Fig. 13

the illuminance distribution on a floor surface for a luminaire according to the Fig. 12 in a representation according to Fig. 10 .

Fig. 14

in an enlarged, schematic representation of a section of a series of facets according to cut-out XIV in Fig. 4a .

Fig. 15

an illustration of the luminaire according to the invention Fig. 2 in a simplified representation,

Fig. 15a

a tool mold whose outer contour is impressed as a result of a pressing operation in the inside of the reflector,

Fig. 15b

the embodiment of Fig. 15a with a retracted middle tool part,

Fig. 15c

a further embodiment of a five-part mold in a partially cut, schematic plan view, approximately along section line XVc-XVc in Fig. 15a .

Fig. 15d

the embodiment of Fig. 15c with retracted middle tool parts,

Fig. 16

in a schematic representation comparable to Fig. 15c another embodiment of a three-part tool mold,

Fig. 17

a further embodiment of a tool shape comparable to the mold after Fig. 16 wherein the three tool parts are radially spaced from each other,

Fig. 18

a further embodiment analogous to Fig. 16 in which one of the three tool parts has retracted radially inwards,

Fig. 19

a further embodiment of a tool mold, in which two tool parts are pivotable relative to one another about a lower pivot axis arranged in a foot region of the tool mold,

fig.20

in a representation analogous to Fig. 19 a further embodiment of a tool mold according to the invention, in which the two tool parts are pivotable about a pivot axis which is arranged in a region of the vertex of the mold,

Fig. 21

a further embodiment of a tool mold in which at least two tool parts are displaceable relative to each other in the radial direction, and

Fig. 22

a tool mold and arranged in the region of the apex Aluminiumronde and a pressing device.

The luminaire according to the invention designated in its entirety in the figures will be explained below. It should first be pointed out that for the sake of clarity, comparable parts or elements have been designated by the same reference symbols, in some cases with the addition of lowercase letters and / or by numbers as indices. This also applies to the description of the lamp of the prior art.

First, based on the FIGS. 1 and 1a a luminaire of the prior art of the applicant will be explained.

evidenced Fig. 1 is a luminaire 10a of the prior art for installation in the ceiling D of a building room provided. The luminaire comprises an unillustrated luminous means, which is arranged in the focal point F or near the focal point of a reflector 21. For this purpose, the reflector 21 is in particular in its apex region S with an in Fig. 1 not shown, in Fig. 1a on the other hand provided clear opening 11 through which the bulb can be inserted through. Also, the lamp 10 of the prior art, a housing, not shown, and not shown base or brackets for the light source, electrical leads and all other necessary parts and elements, such as control gear on.

The lamp 10a of the prior art is used to illuminate a floor surface B of the building space, such as in the area between the left boundary LB and the right boundary RB, as well as the illumination of a side wall SE, namely between a lower boundary UB and an upper Limitation OB. The luminaire 10a of the prior art has a cross-sectionally substantially parabolic and around its Longitudinal axis M substantially rotationally symmetric reflector 21 on. The inside of the reflector is essentially smooth, ie no segments or elevations are arranged on the inside.

How to look best Fig. 1a results, a range of the circumferential angle β is provided with a Randausklinkung 12. The edge notching 12 serves to throw the light emitted by the light source arranged in the focal point F onto a separate reflector blade 13. The reflector blade 13 is therefore arranged outside the envelope of the reflector 21. The area of the reflector 21 which is in Fig. 1 between the upper edge OA and the lower edge UA, so what is in Fig. 1 does not become clear in Fig. 1a but clearly shown, cut out. The light can, starting from the light source, get directly to the reflector blade 13, without it being prevented by the reflector 21 therefrom. In the Fig. 1 dashed dargstellte line L indicates the course of the free edge R of the reflector 21 in the notch 12 before the notching was made.

The reflector blade 13 serves to illuminate the side wall SE as far as possible, ie as far as possible close to the ceiling wall D. In particular, a uniform illumination of the side wall SE is desired.

While that respect Fig. 1 in the left half of the reflector 21, on the left of the central longitudinal axis M of the reflector illustrated beam is reflected from the light source on the left half of the reflector and falls substantially parallel down to the bottom surface B, within the circumferential angle β on the blade 13 striking light illuminate the side wall SE. Overall, this results in an asymmetrical light distribution.

The production of such a reflector according to the Fig. 1 and 1a is very expensive, since initially made a substantially rotationally symmetrical reflector, this then punched out or cut and finally with a separate reflector blade 13 must be fitted. Also, the separate reflector blade 13 must be made separately and positioned very accurately relative to the reflector 21 during assembly.

The manufacture of a luminaire according to the invention to be described below, on the other hand, is considerably simplified and offers numerous advantages in terms of lighting technology in particular. A luminaire 10 according to the invention is initially based on the Fig. 2 be explained:

Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a lamp 10 according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 1 ,

Looking at the Fig. 1 It is first clear that the light fixture 10 according to the invention is suitable for attachment to the ceiling wall D and for illuminating a building side wall SE and a bottom surface B. For the sake of clarity, the bottom surface B and the lower part of the side wall SE are the Fig. 1 in Fig. 2 been omitted.

A comparison of Fig. 1 and 2 further shows that the two reflectors have a substantially same basic shape. Both reflectors 21 are substantially cup-shaped and have a parabolic cross-section. It is apparent that on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21 of the luminaire 10 according to the invention, a step-like or sawtooth-like structure is arranged. This sawtooth-like structure is provided by cylindrical segments and will be described below first on the basis of Fig. 2, 3rd . 4 . 4a . 14 and 15 be explained in detail.

Fig. 4 shows in a very schematic plan view an interior view of the reflector 21 of the luminaire according to the invention Fig. 2 , Here it becomes clear that along a peripheral angle β a multiplicity of indicated, cylindrical, facet-like segments 14n, 14m, 141, 14n ₁ , 14n ₂ , 14n _{3 are arranged} on the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21. The rest of the area designated by γ of the reflector is shown in the embodiment of the Fig. 4 facet-free, ie substantially smooth. This facet-free region is designated TE and represents a partial region of, for example, approximately 250 °, whereas the circumferential angle region β is approximately 110 °. Of course, the size of the angular ranges β and γ vary depending on the desired application. Also, the number of differently shaped areas is arbitrary depending on the application. Fig. 4a shows one opposite Fig. 4 modified embodiment of a reflector 21 according to the invention, in which the inner surface 30 of the reflector is continuously occupied by cylindrical segments. Fig. 4b shows one opposite Fig. 4a modified embodiment of a reflector 21 according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows that starting from an apex region S of the reflector 21 towards a free edge region R of the reflector numerous cylindrical facets 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n arranged are. Fig. 3a shows in an enlarged partial sectional view corresponding to the circle III in Fig. 2 the facets 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n. These are cylindrical facets of a column which are arranged adjacent to one another, between the vertex and the edge R of the reflector 21.

Fig. 4a shows that in the circumferential direction U many facets are arranged immediately adjacent to each other. So shows Fig. 4a in the outermost row, for example, three segments 14n ₁ , 14n ₂ and 14n _{3 are} labeled. In the sixth outermost row shows Fig. 4a for example labeled segments 14i ₁ , 14i ₂ , 14i ₃ and 14i ₄ . These four segments are schematic in Fig. 14 shown in an enlarged view.

Fig. 14 shows only schematically a light source 18, from which a parallel light beam emanates and meets by way of example to the surface OF of the cylindrical segment 14i ₁ . Shown is a light beam with four parallel light beams.

As can be seen by way of example with reference to this cylindrical segment 14i ₁ , the surface OF of each cylindrical segment 14i ₁ , 14i ₂ , 14i ₃ , 14i ₄ curved towards the interior 19 of the reflector 21 is formed by a cylindrical base body which is based on its radius r and its length I and its cylinder center axis m is defined. Dashed is in Fig. 14 to the segment 14i _4, the radius r and the cylinder center axis m drawn. Of importance is that each of the cylindrical segments 14i ₁ . 14i ₂ , 14i ₃ , 14i _{4 can be defined} via its radius r, its cylinder center axis m and its cylinder length I.

The parameters m, r and l can vary for the individual segments. In particular, the orientation of the cylinder center axis m varies as a function of the distance of the individual segment from the apex region S of the reflector 21 to the orientation of the tangent that can be applied to the reflector in the connection point or connection region 15 of the segment. This will be explained later.

Due to the curvature of the surface OF with the radius of curvature r, the parallel light beam which strikes the segment 14i ₁ is widened. The four light beams exemplified have, with respect to the parallel incident light beams, different reflection angles δ ₁ , δ ₂ , δ ₃ , δ ₄ .

Of course, a comparable radiation behavior also shows all other cylindrical segments 14i ₂ , 14i ₃ , 14i ₄ .

The number of segments along a column and the number of segments along a row are arbitrary. Also, the number of columns and the number of rows is arbitrary;

While the curvature of the cylindrical reflecting surface OF can provide for a substantial homogenization and equalization of the light intensity distribution, the achievement of a desired illumination intensity distribution becomes possible only on account of a special orientation of the cylindrical segments to be explained below. For this purpose, first on the Fig. 2 and 15 directed.

Fig. 15 shows in an enlarged, schematic representation of the reflector 21 of the lamp 10 according to the invention Fig. 2 , Here, the cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n arranged along a column are all shown. The reflector 21 has a vertex region S and a peripheral region R, wherein the cross-sectional shape can be constructed using a parabola with the focal point F. The reflector 21 is rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape about the central longitudinal axis M. Evidently the Fig. 4 and particularly Fig. 4b However, the cylindrical segments must not be distributed rotationally symmetric.

The cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n are connected to the reflector 21 in each case via a connection region 15. The connection region 15 is that region of a cylindrical segment with which the respective segment abuts the basic shape of the reflector. For example, the segment 14n has a connection region 15n, which is approximately in the vicinity of an intersection P _{n of} the indicated cylinder axis m ₄ with the parabolic basic shape of the reflector 21 is located.

In the region of this point of intersection P _n , a tangent T ₄ can be applied to the outside 38 of the reflector 21. The tangent T ₄ is independent of any structure of the outer surface 38 of the reflector 21 in terms of their orientation, and corresponds to a tangent in the mathematical sense, which is applied to the mathematical curve that generates the basic shape of the cup-shaped curved reflector 21.

In a very thin-walled reflector 21, the outer contour 38 of the reflector 21 corresponds to almost the mathematically ideal parabolic curve that generates the basic shape of the reflector, or at least comes very close. The angle between the cylinder axis m ₄ and the associated tangent T ₄ is in Fig. 15 denoted by α ₄ . α ₄ denotes the so-called deviation means.

The segment 14 _i closer to the segment 14 _n is likewise fixed to the reflector 21 in its connection region 15 _i . The associated cylinder axis m ₃ intersects the associated tangent T ₃ at a deviation angle α ₃ . The same applies to all other illustrated cylindrical facets, for reasons of clarity, only the segments 14 _b and 14 _f in Fig. 15 with their cylinder axes m ₁ , m ₂ , and deviation angles α1, α2 are labeled accordingly.

The particular feature according to the invention consists in the fact that the deviation angles α ₁ , α ₂ , α ₃ , α ₄ vary. The mirror surface 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16n, ie the reflecting surfaces OF, of the individual segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f , 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n are differently inclined with respect to the longitudinal center axis M of the reflector 21. The inclination of the mirror surfaces 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16n can be selected according to the invention completely independently of the basic shape of the reflector 21.

In particular, an illumination of sidewall regions SE of a building space close to the ceiling D can be achieved by means of a corresponding steepness, preferably of the edges R of the reflector 21 near segments.

The adjustment or steepness of the cylindrical facets 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n is effected such that the cylinder axes m, m ₁ , m ₂ , m ₃ , m ₄ different deviation angles α1, α2, α3, α4 to the associated tangents T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ occupy. The variation of the deviation angles does not necessarily have to follow prescribed laws, such as a law according to which the angle of deviation of the segments from the vertex S to the edge region R of the reflector increases. The deviation angle, however, can be varied as desired. In particular, a determination of the variation of the deviation angles by optimizations in a simulation method is carried out until a desired illumination intensity distribution is achieved.

The teaching according to the invention also comprises luminaires 10 in which the segments near the vertex of the reflector 21 have larger angles of deviation than the segments near the edge R. Also, individual facets may have larger and different, possibly also adjacent segments, smaller deviation angles.

The representation of the tangents T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ , T ₄ according to Fig. 15 takes place only schematically. The representation according to Fig. 15 does not take into account the actual wall thickness of the reflector. When determining the orientation of the tangents, it is best to assume a mathematical curve that best suits the arched basic shape of the reflector equivalent. In the embodiment of Fig. 15 and the Fig. 2 this curve is a parabola with focus F.

By the in Fig. 15 Particularly clearly recognizable employment of the cylindrical facets can additionally or alternatively to one, in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 desired generation of a high illuminance in an upper side wall region, if desired, also an improved homogenization, ie homogenization, the illuminance distribution on a floor surface or other surface to be illuminated can be achieved. The cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n can with their mirror surfaces 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 161, 16m, 16n namely be made completely arbitrary, with the help of simulation programs, in particular using so-called ray-tracing methods, individually the employment of the facets - depending on the desired application - can be optimized.

The use of cylindrical facets has proven to be an imperative requirement in the course of optimizing the illumination distribution. The desired illuminance distributions can not be produced with exclusively spherically or aspherically curved segments, and also not with cylindrical segments. In addition to the required use of cylindrical segments, it additionally requires an adjustment of the cylindrical facets according to the invention, such that the mirror surfaces 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 161 facing the interior of the reflector 21 , 16m, 16n of the facets are completely freely orientated in their orientation, regardless of the basic shape of the reflector.

The teaching according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously if, with a reflector that is parabolic in cross-section, an elliptical reflector with a cross-section in terms of its light distribution to be reproduced. This embodiment shows Fig. 2 , The light rays emitted from the light source at the focal point F to the right all meet at a second focal point F2 outside the reflector. Thus, the cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n, which are arranged on the inner side 30 of the substantially parabolic reflector 21, the radiation behavior of a mimic or replicate substantially elliptical reflector, wherein the reflector parabolic in cross-section 21 allows a much smaller installation depth or installation width, as they would require an elliptical reflector.

As a cylindrical segments in the sense of the present patent application are primarily understood segments based on a circular cylindrical body. In certain applications, however, it is also possible to choose as a cylindrical base body for the cylindrical facets such bodies that reject a circular cylindrical basic shape and, for example, have an elliptical cylinder cross-section.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a reflector 21, in which only a along the circumferential angle β extending portion of the inner surface 30 of the reflector with cylindrical segments 14n ₁ , 14n ₂ , 14n ₃ , 141, 14m, 14n. is occupied, whereas a partial area TE of the inner surface 30 of the reflector, approximately along the circumferential angle γ segment-free and thus formed substantially smooth. The embodiment of Fig. 4 is intended to illustrate that depending on the application differently sized and different numbers of subregions of the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21 may be occupied with cylindrical segments. It should also be noted at this point that one subregion of the reflector 21 can be occupied by cylindrical segments and another subregion by spherical segments or aspherically curved segments, or alternatively by segments having a planar surface.

In contrast, the show Fig. 4a and 4b two embodiments of a reflector 21 of a lamp according to the invention, the inner surface 30 are completely occupied with cylindrical segments.

Fig. 4a shows an embodiment of a reflector 21, in which the segments are arranged along annular rows. For example, the segments 14n ₁ , 14n ₂ and 14n _{3 are arranged} along an outermost row of segments and the segments 14i ₁ , 14i ₂ and 14i _{3 are arranged} along another, sixth outer row of segments. The segments 14n, 14m 14l, 14k are arranged along a column of segments.

In the embodiment of the Fig. 4a The radii of curvature of the individual segments vary along a row. However, the radii of curvature in an alternative embodiment along a row may also be constant. In this alternative embodiment, only the orientation of the cylinder axes changes.

Fig. 4b shows one opposite Fig. 4a modified embodiment of a reflector 21, in which along a circumferential angular range γ ₁ adjacent rows are circumferentially offset arranged. The remaining area of the reflector 21 of the Fig. 4b does not show this circumferential offset.

Particularly clear is the circumferential offset of adjacent along an angular range γ ₂ in the reflector of Fig. 5 , There, the circumferential angular range designated by γ ₂ is occupied by rows of cylindrical segments, with two adjacent rows, for example the rows 17a and 17b or the rows 17b and 17c, each circumferentially offset by half a segment width from each other are arranged. The embodiments of the Fig. 8 and 11 however, do not show this circumferential offset.

Fig. 5 Furthermore, it can also be seen that the rows 17a and 17c or the rows 17b and 17d do not show each other this circumferential offset. Each second row is thus formed circumferentially offset.

In synopsis of Fig. 3 . 4a and 5 It will be understood that only the cylindrically curved surface OF contributes to the light reflection of the cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n. The related to Fig. 3 to the light exit opening of the reflector 21 toward and designated there UF surfaces have no lighting function. The surfaces labeled UF are in the Fig. 4a and 5 whereas the cylindrical reflective surfaces OF are shown in FIG Fig. 4a and 5 are shown dark.

The embodiments of the Fig. 4a and 4b further make it clear that the size of the surfaces UF can be chosen completely differently from row to row and also along a row. This is clear from the differently sized, brightly displayed areas in the Fig. 4a and 4b ,

Fig. 5 indicates that all cylinder axes m ₁ , m ₂ , m ₃ , m _{4 of} the respective segments 14 b, 14 f, 14 i, 14 n are arranged at an acute angle to the longitudinal center axis M of the reflector 21. Fig. 15 can also be seen that the closely located at the apex area S of the reflector segments, for example 14 _b and 14 _f have the segments a fairly small angle of 21 ° or 5 ° to the longitudinal central axis M, whereas the angle of the cylinder axis m ₃ of the segment 14i almost 0 becomes. In contrast, the cylinder axis m ₄ has a larger acute angle with respect to the longitudinal center axis M.

The variation of the deviation angle can be determined Fig. 15 clearly recognize. Thus, the deviation angle α _{4 is} about 43 °, whereas the deviation angle α _{2 is} about 34 °. Such angular deviations on the order of 5 ° of the cylinder axes to the associated tangents may be sufficient to produce significant changes in illuminance distribution.

It should also be noted at this point that the mirror surfaces 16 of the individual segments 14 each extend parallel to the cylinder axes m. That's how it is Fig. 15 for example, clear mirror surface 16 of the segment 14 _{n n} parallel aligned with the associated cylinder axis m. ₄

Finally, it should be noted at this point that advantageously the entire inner surface 30 of the reflector 21 is occupied by cylindrical segments.

With the embodiment of a reflector 21 according to the invention Fig. 5 can, in particular when using the reflector 21 in a lamp 10 according to the invention in an arrangement according to Fig. 6 be illuminated at a ceiling-side installation, a bottom surface B and a wall surface SE. Fig. 6 shows the course of numerous, exemplary light beams on the assumption that along the double arrow SE no building side wall is arranged, but only one floor surface is to illuminate. In fact, the light is used according to Fig. 6 for illuminating a side wall surface SE, which extends along the double arrow SE over, for example, a ceiling height of 3m.

Fig. 7 shows the illumination intensity distribution, which results on the side wall SE, approximately between the lower boundary UB and the upper limit OB. On the x-axis is the width of the wall in millimeters, on the y-axis the height of the wall is called. Of the respective 0-point represents the center of the wall, wherein at x = 0 and y = 1500 mm, the longitudinal center axis of the reflector 21 of the lamp 10 according to the invention Fig. 6 is arranged. One recognizes in Fig. 7 clearly a broad, evenly trained illuminance distribution. The presentation of the Fig. 7 shows the illuminance distribution in a false color representation, wherein the illuminance decreases from the inside to the outside. The difference with the state of the art results particularly clearly from a comparison of Fig. 7 and the Fig. 7a. Fig. 7a shows an illuminance distribution of a lamp of the prior art, namely a conventional rotationally symmetrical flood reflector. Such a flood reflector of the prior art has a rotational symmetry about the longitudinal central axis and a parabolic cross-section. The inner surface is substantially smooth, ie formed facet-free or segment-free. A similar illumination intensity distribution can also result if spherically curved facets are arranged on the inside of a flood reflector.

Fig. 7a shows an illuminance distribution on the same scale as Fig. 7 Assuming that such a luminaire of the prior art in a mounting situation in accordance with Fig. 7 is installed on the ceiling side. It is clear that with the lamp according to the invention using a reflector according to Fig. 5 , as out Fig. 7 results, a much more uniform, further upward and broader illuminance distribution results.

An illuminance distribution according to Fig. 7 can not be achieved with exclusively spherical or aspherical or otherwise oriented cylindrical facets. To achieve a luminous intensity distribution according to Fig. 7 requires cylindrical facets, which are employed according to the teaching of claim 1.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a lamp 10 according to the invention, which can be used for example as a downlight or as a spotlight. In both applications, the lamp 10 is used to illuminate a bottom surface B and a side wall SE.

Fig. 8 shows in a representation according to Fig. 5 a further embodiment of a reflector 21 of a lamp according to the invention. The reflector is essentially rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape about its central longitudinal axis M. Here, the radii of curvature of the cylindrical segments do not vary along a facet row. Alone by employment of the segments, ie by the previously with reference to the embodiment of Fig. 15 described alignment of the cylinder axes m relative to the tangents T with different angles of deviation α, an illuminance distribution according to Fig. 10 achieved, which is characterized by high uniformity.

Fig. 9 schematically illustrates the beam path based on some exemplary light rays, the lamp 10 is mounted on the ceiling D and a floor surface B is to illuminate. Fig. 9 shows the arrangement in an arrangement shown rotated by 180 °. Fig. 10 shows accordingly the illumination intensity distribution of the lamp 10 according to Fig. 9 on the bottom surface B. It can be seen that a substantially rotationally symmetrical illuminance distribution is achieved, which is almost constant along a large area, circular area.

Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of a reflector design according to the invention for a luminaire according to the invention, in which the radii of curvature of the cylindrical facets vary along a row of facets. Similarly, the cylindrical segments are employed according to the teaching of the invention, so that the cylinder axes different Have deviation angles to the associated tangents. With a lamp according to the invention using a reflector according to Fig. 11 can a substantially oval trained illuminance distribution according to Fig. 13 be achieved. With such a lamp, for example, a sculpture can be illuminated, so that an insert of the reflector 21 according to Fig. 11 as a sculpture radiator is made possible. With a reflector 21 according to Fig. 11 can be dispensed with the use of separate sculpture lenses. The polar light distribution curve according to Fig. 12 shows along the axes X = 0 and Y = 0 the illuminance distribution of Fig. 13 in a polar, ie angle-dependent representation.

Below is now based on the Fig. 15a - 22nd the manufacturing method of a reflector 21 according to the invention for a luminaire 10 according to the invention will be explained.

The reflector according to the invention is preferably made of an aluminum blank, ie a substantially circular disc of aluminum, by pressing. Fig. 22 shows in a very schematic representation of the aluminum blank 23, which rests on a vertex area SW of a tool mold 22. The tool mold 22 and the aluminum blank 23 rotate together about the longitudinal center axis M. The required drive is not shown.

A pusher tool comprises a pusher head or pusher 24, eg a rotatable wheel, and two lever arms 25 and 26 which are pivotally mounted about pivot axes 39 and 40, respectively, at a fixed attachment point 41. The pusher head 24 moves outwardly from the center ZE of the aluminum ridge 23 in the radial direction of the arrow 28, and constantly rests on the upper surface OS of the aluminum ridge 23 and applies thereto a large pressing force in the direction of the arrow 27, ie in the axial direction. The manner in which a pressing force is exerted by the pusher 24 on the upper side OS of the aluminum ridge 23 is arbitrary and not shown.

The pusher head 24 constantly presses the respective edge of the aluminum ridge 23 against the outside 29 of the tool mold 22 during the pressing process. It can follow the contour of the outer surface 29 both in the axial direction of the arrow 27 and in the radial direction of the arrow 28. This is possible by means of the pivotable lever arms 25 and 26. It should be noted that the spinning tool with the pressing head 24 and lever arms 25, 26 may also have a completely different basic shape, which only has to be ensured that the pusher head 24 can exert 27 pressing forces in the axial direction and can dodge in the radial direction 28.

Based on a situation according to Fig. 22 presses the pusher head 24 with rotating tool mold 22 and together with the mold 22 rotating aluminum blank 23, the blank along the outer edges of the mold 22, so that the cup-shaped curved basic shape of the reflector 21, for example according to Fig. 15 results. It should be noted that the previously described cylindrical segments are incorporated as a geometrically inverted structure IF in the outer contour 29 of, for example, made of a hard steel mold 22, for example, incorporated by laser engraving. The outer contour 29 has in cross section, for example, a sawtooth-like structure. As can be seen for example Fig. 15b results, the structure on the outside 29 of the mold 22 has impressed after completion of the pressing operation in the inside 30 of the reflector 21.

While the production of an aluminum reflector for luminaires with curved segments already from the cited German patent application DE 10 2004 042 915 A1 As is known to the applicant, the production of an undercut faceted aluminum reflector in a pressing operation causes problems.

According to the invention, a tool mold 22 is proposed which consists of several parts that can be displaced relative to one another. In which Embodiment of Figs. 15a and 15b the tool mold consists of a middle part 31, a left edge part 32 and a right edge part 33. The middle part 39 is tapered upwardly and displaceable in the axial direction of the arrow 27 and in the opposite direction. It can be moved in this way wedge-shaped between the two edge portions 32 and 33 and moved out of these. The two edge portions 32 and 33 are at least along a small displacement path radially in the direction of arrows 28a and 28b displaced as soon as the Mitteilteil 31 a corresponding movement space for the edge portions 32 and 33 releases.

In retracted state according to Fig. 15a the edge portions 32 and 33 form with the central part 31 a continuous outer contour 29 which is intended to press on the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21. In the retracted state according to Fig. 15b is the central part 31 relative to the outer parts 32 and 33 with respect to Fig. 15b been shifted down. Due to the conical shape of the middle part 31, the wall parts 32 and 33 can be displaced radially inward, which is indicated by the radial arrows 28a and 28b. The edge portions 32 and 33 are biased radially inwardly, for example by spring elements, not shown.

As a result of a radial movement of the edge portions 28a and 28b arranged on the edge parts, sawtooth-like structures with their projections VO from the impressed into the reflector 21 undercuts HL, HN, HM (see also Fig. 3 ) extend between the cylindrical facets 14l, 14n, 14m, so that a movement gap 36 for the edge parts 32, 33 results. This movement gap 36 allows after completed radial displacement of the edge portions 32 and 33 that they can be moved out of the interior of the reflector 21 in the axial direction of the arrow 27 and the reflector 21 release. This is a demolding of the tool mold 22 from the reflector 21 out despite the radial undercuts HL, HM, HN given to the reflector inner side 30.

The Figs. 15c and 15d show a further embodiment of a tool 22 according to the invention, as in a representation along the section line XVc-XVc in Fig. 15a , It is clear that this tool mold 22 consists of five parts, wherein in addition to the above-described edge portions 32 and 33 and the middle portion 31 now further edge portions 34 and 35 are arranged. In this embodiment of a tool mold 22, first the middle part 31 moves transversely to the paper plane of the observer, starting from a position according to FIG Fig. 15c away from the observer, so that subsequently the edge portions 34 and 35 can perform a radial inward movement along the arrows 28c and 28d. Subsequently, the previously described edge portions 32 and 33 can perform a radial displacement inwardly along the arrows 28a and 28b. The resulting movement space 36 then allows an axial movement of the entire tool mold 22 with the edge parts 32, 33, 34 and 35 and the central part 31, so that the tool mold 22 is completely detachable from the interior of the reflector 21 out.

The embodiment of Fig. 16 shows another tool mold 22 with three tool parts x, y and z, each having a 120 ° circumferential region. Again, a representation is made in plan view, similar to the representation of Fig. 15c , wherein the reflector 21 in Fig. 16 not shown. Fig. 16 shows that only a circumferential angular range z is occupied by concave-cylindrical or inverted facets IF for producing cylindrical, undercut facets on the corresponding inner side 30 of the reflector 21. The remaining tool mold parts x and y are formed substantially smooth continuous, ie free of elevations or depressions.

In order to produce by means of the tool part z undercut facets 14 on the inside 30 of the reflector 21, a radial movement of the moldings must be allowed. This can be done by comparing the FIGS. 16 and 18 For example, take place in that the tool part z performs a radial movement relative to the fixed tool parts x and y along the radial arrow 28e. While Fig. 16 For example, shows the state of the tool mold 22, which takes the tool shape during the pressing process shows Fig. 18 the radially retracted state of the tool part z after performing a pressing operation for the purpose of demolding the mold from the finished shaped reflector 21st

In an alternative embodiment according to Fig. 17 Extend the three tool parts x, y and z radially outward, so that there is a, indicated by the double arrows spacing. During the pressing process, the tool parts x, y and z of the mold 22 are after Fig. 17 in the extended state, wherein the clarified by the double arrows column are closed by an unillustrated closure member or a plurality of closure members, so that these columns do not press on the inside 30 of the reflector 21. For the purpose of demolding can, starting from a state according to Fig. 17 a retraction movement of the three parts x, y and z be accomplished, so that a state according to Fig. 16 is reached, in which the tool mold 22 can be removed from the reflector 21 out.

In a further embodiment of a mold 22 of the Fig. 19 It is indicated that the displaceable parts 32, 33 of the tool mold 22 can also perform a pivotal movement about a pivot axis 37 located in the region of the foot of the tool mold 22. In an alternative embodiment of the mold 22 according to Fig. 20 is the pivot axis 37 in the head region of the two edge portions 32 and 33rd

The FIGS. 19 and 20 indicate that a corresponding outer contour 29 of the mold 22 for achieving undercut facets 14 on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21 can also be provided only along a partial area of the outer contour 29 of the tool mold 22, only those parts or segments of the multipart mold 22 of a radial displacement require, which are provided for generating undercut facets 14.

On the other hand, the embodiments of the show 15a to 15d in that projections VO or inverted facets IF can also be arranged along the entire outer surface 29 of the tool mold 22, which can produce undercut facets on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21.

Claims (16)

1. Lamp (10) for illuminating faces of buildings, or parts of buildings or external surfaces (SE, B), comprising a reflector (21) that is substantially curved in the shape of a saucer, in the interior (19) of which a light source (18) can be arranged, and on the inside (30) of which a plurality of facet-like segments (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n) is arranged, which each have a surface (OF) curved towards the interior, characterised in that

   a) the segments have a reflective surface (OF) of a cylindrical basic shape, wherein a cylinder axis (m, m₁, m₂, m₃, m₄) can be assigned to each cylindrical segment (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n),

   b) several cylindrical segments (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n) are arranged between an apex (S) and a free edge region (R) of the reflector (21),

   c) the cylinder axes (m, m₁, m₂, m₃, m₄) are oriented at an acute angle to the longitudinal centre axis (M) of the reflector (21), wherein the orientation of the cylinder axes varies with the different distance of the segment from the apex,

   d) a tangent (T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄) can be drawn to the outside (38) of the reflector (21) in a connection region (15b, 15f, 15i, 15n) of a cylindrical segment (14b, 14f, 14i, 14n) respectively, wherein a deflection angle (a₁, a₂, a₃, a₄) lies between the tangent and the cylinder axis of the related segment,

   e) and the deflection angle varies with a different distance of the segment (14b, 14f, 14i, 14n) from the apex (S).
2. Lamp according to claim 1, characterised in that the radii of curvature (r) of the segments (14_n1, 14_n2, 14_n3) vary along a row (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d).
3. Lamp according to claim 2, characterised in that the lamp produces a lighting intensity distribution (fig. 13) that is formed substantially oval.
4. Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lamp is disposed directly on a ceiling wall (D) of a building room and is formed as a downlight (fig. 2, fig. 6, fig. 9).
5. Lamp according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lamp is formed as a mast luminaire, in particular for illuminating park areas.
6. Lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the radii of curvature (r) of the segments (14_n1, 14_n2, 14_n3) are constant along a row (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d).
7. Lamp according to claim 6, characterised in that the lamp produces a uniform lighting intensity distribution, in particular within a circular light field (fig. 10).
8. Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the radii of curvature (r) of the segments (14k, 141, 14m, 14n) vary along a column.
9. Lamp according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the radii of curvature (r) of the segments (14k, 141, 14m, 14n) are constant along a column.
10. Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cylindrical segments extend only along one or more partial regions (β) of the inner surface (30) of the reflector (21).
11. Lamp according to claim 10, characterised in that the partial region is a circumferential partial region (β) (fig. 4).
12. Lamp according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the remaining regions (γ in fig. 4) of the inner surface (30) of the reflector (21) are formed substantially smooth.
13. Lamp according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the remaining regions of the inner surface of the reflector are occupied by segments with a surface that is curved spherically or aspherically towards the interior, or is formed by segments with a level surface.
14. Lamp according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the cylindrical segments extend along the entire inner surface (30) of the reflector (21) (fig. 4a, fig. 4b).
15. Lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the deflection angle (a₁, a₂, a₃, a₄) varies such that segments (14n), which are arranged close to the free edge region (R) of the reflector (21) have greater deflection angles (a₄) than segments (14b) arranged close to the apex (S) of the reflector (21).
16. lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cylindrical segments have at least partly radial undercuts (HL, HM, HN).

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