EP3165818B1 - Internal or outdoor luminaire, in particular a street lamp, with adjustable free-form lens - Google Patents
Internal or outdoor luminaire, in particular a street lamp, with adjustable free-form lens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3165818B1 EP3165818B1 EP16196994.4A EP16196994A EP3165818B1 EP 3165818 B1 EP3165818 B1 EP 3165818B1 EP 16196994 A EP16196994 A EP 16196994A EP 3165818 B1 EP3165818 B1 EP 3165818B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- free
- led
- lenses
- light distribution
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
- F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/08—Refractors for light sources producing an asymmetric light distribution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
- F21V17/02—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages with provision for adjustment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
- F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2101/00—Point-like light sources
Definitions
- the invention relates to a luminaire for stationary indoor or outdoor lighting, in particular a street lamp, with at least one LED (light emitting diode, including an OLED, organic light emitting diode, is to be understood) and a free-form lens, which is associated with the LED.
- LED light emitting diode, including an OLED, organic light emitting diode, is to be understood
- free-form lens which is associated with the LED.
- LEDs are increasingly being used as lamps because of the advantages in terms of energy savings and longevity.
- the near-point light sources require a modified compared to conventional bulbs optical device to achieve a desired light distribution of the lamp for the given application.
- LEDs also use a reflector technique.
- the point-shaped light images of the LEDs which can be arranged in combined arrays, distributed on a surface of the reflector. This can also reduce the glare.
- a disadvantage of this reflector technique is that when individual LEDs fail, a change in the light distribution curve can result and thus a deterioration of the illumination uniformity and the illumination level occurs.
- Another possibility of light control is the spatial distribution of the LEDs on curved surfaces.
- the failure of individual LEDs has a change in the desired light distribution result.
- the support elements of the LEDs must be adapted to the spatial distribution of the LEDs.
- light-directing lenses on individual or multiple LEDs forms another possibility of generating a defined light distribution on a use plane, such as on one of the road.
- individual LEDs on a LED carrier lenses are assigned. If several LEDs with associated lenses have the same spatial arrangement, the failure of individual LEDs has only a very small influence on the produced light distribution.
- the lens solution is relatively expensive because the lenses need to be made specifically for the lighting task.
- free-form lenses must be developed individually.
- the respective lamp is only suitable for a specific lighting task.
- Another way to change the light distribution of a luminaire is to move an auxiliary lens parallel to the optical axis of the lamp to focus or defocus a rotationally symmetric light distribution. As a result, however, few variations of light distributions can be generated.
- US 2008/0273324 A1 It is proposed to laterally rotate a matrix of respectively circular-symmetrical lenses relative to a matrix of LEDs. As a result, an oval-shaped light distribution can be generated from a circular light distribution of the luminaire.
- the possibilities of influencing the light distribution by displacing the lens are very limited.
- US 2010/172135 A1 discloses an LED device having one or more lenses for generating a desired light distribution, eg, a light distribution for illuminating a street. It is contemplated that each lens on an LED may be individually rotated to produce a desired light distribution.
- the US 2005/018434 A1 discloses a lighting device with one or more LEDs according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Object of the present invention is to develop a luminaire for fixed illumination of indoor or outdoor areas, in particular a street lamp, which can be inexpensively adapted to the respective lighting task.
- the object is achieved by a lamp for indoor or outdoor lighting, in particular a street lamp, according to claim 1.
- At least one free-form lens i. with non-rotationally symmetrical profile, and the LED against each other displaced.
- the lens relative to the LED can be moved, the LED is mounted stationary on the lamp.
- the LED can be moved relative to a stationary lens mounted in the luminaire.
- the displaceability makes it possible to arrange the lens and the LED in at least two different positions relative to one another, wherein the displacement between the two positions comprises at least one movement perpendicular to the main emission direction of the lens.
- the light distribution of the luminaire can be changed much more flexibly than is possible, for example, by a displacement of a lens along the optical axis of the LED.
- the free-form lens generates different light distributions in the at least two or more different positions which, for example, are adapted to the illumination requirement of a street lamp, as explained in more detail below.
- the relative to the LED lateral displacement of a non-rotationally symmetrical freeform lens Due to the deviation from the rotational symmetry, the light distribution of the lens is already adapted to a lighting task and by moving the lens, the light distribution can be changed more.
- two distinct maxima may be generated arranged on a common axis, eg along a road illuminated by the luminaire (ie in the directions of the C0 / 180 plane).
- Such a light distribution is suitable for illuminating a street with several lights, the longitudinal distribution helps to be able to choose the mast spacing for the street lights relatively large.
- the maxima may be symmetrical to the C90 / C270 plane, which is transverse to the road axis.
- This Lichtbandknickung is preferred to illuminate a street with a lamp from the roadside or an adjacent walking and / or track over a longitudinal section as evenly as possible.
- the lens In order to produce this light band buckling, the lens must redirect much of the light from the light source at the angle of the light band buckling. This can be realized, for example, according to an embodiment with a convex geometry in an inner cavity of the free-form lens or with a convex geometry on the outer surface of the lens.
- a similar effect can also be achieved by a prismatic structure on the inner cavity and / or the outer surface to focus light in the desired direction, or by differences in refractive index within the lens to produce refraction in the appropriate desired direction. It is also possible to provide a plurality of cavities with or without prism structure in a lens. For example, each of the cavities may be associated with one of the LEDs. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of LEDs within a cavity.
- the angle of the light band buckling between the two positions is changed by the displacement of the lens.
- the free-form lens has a plane of symmetry in a C plane, preferably the C90 / C270 plane, and the relative movement takes place along a direction in the plane of symmetry.
- This embodiment is particularly suitable for illuminating straight roads.
- a deviation from the mirror symmetry in the C90 / C260 plane may also be advantageous in order to achieve a uniform illumination on the road section.
- the displaceability of the lens allows an individual adaptation to the location of the lamp, for example the distance to the roadside and the height of the lamp post.
- the lamp has a plurality of LEDs and each LED is associated with a free-form lens. This not only serves to produce a larger illuminance, but also has the advantage that the LEDs can act redundantly, so that in case of failure of an LED lighting task is only guaranteed with reduced overall intensity.
- the freeform lenses are displaceable relative to the LEDs by a common relative movement. As a result, all lenses can be adjusted to produce the desired light distribution with one movement.
- the individual free-form lenses are individually displaced relative to the respective associated LED. As a result, different light distributions can be generated with the individual lens-LED pairs, which overlap to a desired overall light distribution of the luminaire.
- the freeform lenses can be shaped identically, so that with the relative movement, all the lenses also produce the same light distribution in each case.
- the several same freeform lenses are each arranged in the same position relative to the LEDs assigned to them.
- all the lens-LED pairs in the luminaire each achieve the same light distribution, which overlap each other with the same spatial orientation. If one LED fails, this does not change the total light distribution generated by the luminaire.
- some free-form lenses along an axis, in particular in the direction of the relative movement, offset from their respective associated LEDs can be arranged.
- the individual lens-LED pairs can have different light distributions, e.g. produce different Lichtbandknickitch, which overlap in the total light distribution of the luminaire. So new light distribution curves can be generated. By moving the lenses relative to the LEDs, this light distribution can also be adjusted individually.
- each of the freeform lenses can each generate a light band buckling at the same angle.
- the freeform lenses of different LEDs it is also possible for the freeform lenses of different LEDs to produce different light band bends. Either the lenses are arranged differently with respect to the LEDs or the lenses have a different shape to produce a changed angle of the light band buckling.
- the plurality of LEDs are arranged in a plane or arranged along a straight axis and the lenses are arranged to be displaceable in an array parallel to the plane or parallel to the axis.
- the light distributions of the individual lens-LED pairs are uniformly superimposed in the at least two different positions, so that the symmetry of the overall light distribution achieved when adjusting the lenses the LEDs remains.
- a plurality of free-form lenses are arranged on a common lens carrier and the lens carrier can be displaced by the relative movement with respect to the LEDs.
- the embodiment with a plurality of LEDs and a plurality of freeform lenses can be produced particularly easily.
- the operation for adjusting the lamp is easy, because only one lens carrier has to be moved relative to the LEDs.
- individually individual free-form lenses or groups of free-form lenses can be adjusted relative to the respectively assigned LED (s).
- the lens carrier can be manufactured together with the freeform lens or as a separate component.
- the freeform lenses can be formed from a transparent plastic such as PMMA.
- the lens carrier may be made of the same plastic material or another, e.g. non-transparent, plastic material may be formed, and made with the lenses in one piece or separately.
- a lens carrier has a single free-form lens or a lens carrier for a plurality of free-form lenses at least one, preferably two opposing reflective side walls facing towards the one or more LEDs.
- the reflective sidewall increases the efficiency of the luminaire.
- the at least one or preferably the two side walls are / are arranged parallel to a plane of symmetry of the light distribution which generates the luminaire in one or both positions of the free-form lens (s) relative to the LED (s).
- this arrangement of the side walls has no influence on the light distribution curve. But it can be dispensed with large beam angle to the side and thus on large designs of the lamp, because the light is mirrored without affecting the light distribution over the side wall.
- the displaceability of the lenses relative to the LED can be done manually or automatically. Due to the manual displaceability, the desired light distribution at the place of installation of the lamp can still be adjusted. In an automatic displacement such as an electric servomotor or the like, the light distribution of the lamp can still be changed after installation.
- the light can have different light distributions at daytime and at night, or the light distribution can be adapted to the weather situation and the reflection or absorption properties of the road surface.
- the luminaire interacts with a transmitter in a vehicle, so that the light distribution in an approaching vehicle is automatically changed in order, for example, to change the light distribution. to prevent dazzling the driver by the street lamp.
- An LED 1 is arranged on a carrier, in particular a PCB (prited circuit board) 5 and fixedly mounted in a lamp housing (not shown).
- a free-form lens 2 made of glass or one transparent plastic such as PMMA, PU or silicone arranged.
- the LED 1 is arranged within a cavity 10 of the freeform lens 2.
- the cavity 10 has, as in the FIGS. 2a and 3a it can be seen a convex geometry, which causes light of the LED 1, as indicated by the light beams L1, L2 and L3, broken.
- the free-form lens 2 is mounted with respect to the PCB 5 with the lens 1 slidably.
- the direction 4 of the sliding movement lies in a C90 / 270 plane of the luminaire.
- the illustrated embodiment is provided in particular for generating a light distribution for a street lighting.
- the convex geometry 9 of the inner cavity 10 provides a light distribution curve, which produces two pronounced maxima in a horizontal section of the C-planes, the so-called cone-shaped curve.
- the maxima are symmetrical with respect to the C90 / 270 plane and arranged at an angle 11 with respect to the C0 / 180 plane in order to form a light band buckling.
- the angle of Lichtbandknickung 11 is only about 5 °. This configuration is suitable for illuminating a relatively narrow street, as in FIG. 2b indicated.
- the light band buckling makes it possible to position the light 8 at the side of the road and to illuminate the road relatively evenly over a large longitudinal section.
- the angle 11 of the light band buckling changes.
- FIG. 3b is at the shifted lens 2, the angle 11 of the light band buckling about 30 °. This configuration is particularly suitable for illuminating a wider street, as in FIG. 3b is shown.
- the same light 8 by shifting the free-form lens 2 relative to the LED 1 along the direction 4, ie in the C90 / 270-level, generate different light distributions with a modified Lichtbandknickung 11 and thus adapted for lighting different widths streets.
- all arrangements can be illuminated in accordance with standards between very narrow and very wide streets.
- different overhangs of the luminaire with respect to the roadside in positive or negative direction can be compensated by the displacement of the lens 2.
- the light distribution curve can also be adapted to curvy roads with the angle of the light band bend.
- the FIG. 4 shows a further possibility for generating a desired light distribution through different lens positions 19, 20, 21 of three LEDs 1 within a light 8.
- the free-form lenses 2 in this embodiment are each identical to the previously described free-form lens 2. Inside the light 8, however, are three LEDs 1 and the three free-form lenses 2 are arranged in three different positions along the displacement direction x in the C90 / 270 plane with respect to their respectively associated LED 2. Due to the three different positions 19, 20 and 21 result in three different cone envelope curves 22, 23 and 24, which in the FIG. 4b are shown. These light distributions are superimposed to form an overall cone envelope curve 25. In this embodiment, the free-form lenses 2 can be moved individually relative to the LEDs.
- a superimposition of the light distribution with different light band buckling can be generated by different displacement paths of the lenses and thus new light distribution curves are generated.
- a field of application is, for example, the lighting of squares. Due to the superimposition of the light band bends at different lens positions in the luminaire 8, there is no longer any special angle in the light band bending of the light distribution curve 25.
- the total light distribution 25 is suitable in addition to wide streets for the illumination of places or areas that have a greater depth in the direction of the C90 / 270 level.
- FIG. 5 shows a structure of a sliding free-form lens 2 on a PCB 5 according to a possible embodiment.
- the free-form lens 2 is held by a lens carrier 12 which is fixedly connected to the PCB 5, above the LED 1.
- the lens 2 is slidably disposed within the lens carrier 12, so that the lens 2 along the direction 4 above the LED (in FIG. 5 hidden) can be moved continuously.
- a mark 14 on the lens carrier 12 and an opposite mark on the lens 2, the position of the lens relative to the LED 1 can be read.
- Each position of the lens 2 corresponds to a predefined light distribution, which defines an angle in a light band buckling in the example.
- the lens 2 can be manually displaced in the direction 4 against the resistance which the groove structure 13 exerts on the lens. According to an alternative, however, it may be provided in these and also in the other embodiments that the lens 2 is fully automatically displaceable by a sensor control (eg with an electric motor).
- FIGS. 7 and 9 a lens carrier 16 is shown which can accommodate a plurality of lenses.
- the lens wearer 16 after FIG. 7 is adapted to a plurality of individual lenses 15 according to FIG. 6 each slidably received, as previously in connection with FIG. 5 has been explained for a single lens 15.
- it can also be provided to mount each of the individual lenses 15 firmly on the carrier 16 and to move the entire carrier 16 relative to the LEDs 1. In such a construction, with a displacement movement of the carrier 16 relative to the LEDs 1, all the individual lenses 15 can be adjusted uniformly with respect to the LEDs.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 an embodiment is shown, in which the free-form lens are combined in an array of 1x2 lenses.
- Two of the lens arrays 15 according to FIG. 8 are in the lens carrier 16 according to FIG. 9 inserted in the space provided 17 and can be moved together via two LEDs 1.
- the two free-form lenses 2 of the lens array 15, which are each aligned identically to the associated LED 1, produce the same light distribution, so that these light distributions overlap identically with negligible offset. In the case of a failure of an LED, this does not change the overall light distribution of the light generated by the lens array, but only decreases in the overall intensity.
- a lens carrier for an XxX lens array (not shown in the figure) is shown.
- an array of any number of matrix-shaped free-form lenses 2 can be arranged and moved in two directions in a plane above the LEDs.
- FIG. 11 shows a lens carrier 16 for four individual freeform lenses.
- further side walls are provided which are reflective on the side facing the LEDs 18, in particular highly reflective executed.
- the reflective sidewalls 18 are disposed parallel to the C90 / 270 plane and parallel to the plane of translation of the lenses.
- the sidewalls have no influence on the light distribution because the reflection planes are parallel to the plane of symmetry. Due to the reflective side walls, however, the design of the lamp can be made smaller, because it can be dispensed with high radiation angle to the side.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 Other embodiments of free-form lenses that can be used in the present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,135,355 and 4,305,837 FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 shown.
- a prism structure 26 is provided on the freeform lens 2.
- This prism structure can be provided both on the light entry surface, ie within the cavity 10, as in FIG FIG. 12 shown.
- it may also be provided as in FIG. 13 illustrated to provide a prism structure 26 on the outside of the freeform lens 2.
- the prism structure provides for a focusing arrangement, for example in the manner of a Fresnell structure, in particular to produce a Lichtbandknickung the light distribution.
- FIG. 14 a further embodiment of a free-form lens is shown, which can also generate a Lichtbandknickung.
- a region 27 is provided within the lens, which has a different refractive index than the surrounding region.
- the foregoing embodiments have been described as always moving the lens relative to the LEDs.
- mount the lenses stationary on the lamp and to move the LEDs relative to the lenses by appropriate means.
- a plurality of LEDs may each be associated with a lens.
- the lens carriers can be adjustable relative to the light in order to move the lenses relative to the LEDs.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Leuchte für eine ortsfeste Innen- oder Außenbeleuchtung, insbesondere eine Straßenleuchte, mit wenigstens einer LED (lichtemittierende Diode, worunter auch ein OLED, organische lichtemittierende Diode, zu verstehen ist) und eine Freiformlinse, die der LED zugeordnet ist.The invention relates to a luminaire for stationary indoor or outdoor lighting, in particular a street lamp, with at least one LED (light emitting diode, including an OLED, organic light emitting diode, is to be understood) and a free-form lens, which is associated with the LED.
Für die Beleuchtung im Innen- und Außenbereich, insbesondere für Straßenleuchten, werden als Leuchtmittel vermehrt LEDs aufgrund der Vorteile bei der Energieersparnis und Langlebigkeit eingesetzt. Die nahezu punktförmigen Lichtquellen erfordern eine im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Leuchtmitteln geänderte optische Einrichtung, um eine gewünschte Lichtverteilung der Leuchte für den gegebenen Anwendungszweck zu erzielen.For lighting in the interior and exterior, especially for street lights, LEDs are increasingly being used as lamps because of the advantages in terms of energy savings and longevity. The near-point light sources require a modified compared to conventional bulbs optical device to achieve a desired light distribution of the lamp for the given application.
Wie bei den traditionellen Beleuchtungsmitteln kommt auch bei LEDs eine Reflektortechnik zum Einsatz. Hier werden die punktförmigen Lichtabbildungen der LEDs, die in zusammengefassten Arrays angeordnet sein können, auf eine Fläche des Reflektors verteilt. Damit kann auch die Blendung reduziert werden. Ein Nachteil dieser Reflektortechnik ist jedoch, dass beim Ausfallen einzelner LEDs eine Veränderung der Lichtverteilungskurve zur Folge sein kann und somit eine Verschlechterung der Beleuchtungsgleichmäßigkeit und des Beleuchtungsniveaus eintritt.As with traditional lighting, LEDs also use a reflector technique. Here, the point-shaped light images of the LEDs, which can be arranged in combined arrays, distributed on a surface of the reflector. This can also reduce the glare. A disadvantage of this reflector technique, however, is that when individual LEDs fail, a change in the light distribution curve can result and thus a deterioration of the illumination uniformity and the illumination level occurs.
Eine andere Möglichkeit der Lichtlenkung ist die räumliche Verteilung der LEDs auf gekrümmten Flächen. Jedoch hat auch hier der Ausfall von einzelnen LEDs eine Veränderung der gewünschten Lichtverteilung zur Folge. Ferner müssen die Tragelemente der LEDs der räumlichen Verteilung der LEDs angepasst werden.Another possibility of light control is the spatial distribution of the LEDs on curved surfaces. However, even here the failure of individual LEDs has a change in the desired light distribution result. Furthermore, the support elements of the LEDs must be adapted to the spatial distribution of the LEDs.
Der Einsatz von lichtlenkenden Linsen an einzelnen oder mehreren LEDs bildet eine weitere Möglichkeit der Erzeugung einer definierten Lichtverteilung auf einer Nutzebene, wie z.B. auf einer der Straße. Hier werden einzelne LEDs auf einem LED-Träger Linsen zugeordnet. Wenn mehrere LEDs mit zugehörigen Linsen die gleiche räumliche Anordnung aufweisen, hat der Ausfall einzelner LEDs nur einen sehr geringen Einfluss auf die hervorgebrachte Lichtverteilung.The use of light-directing lenses on individual or multiple LEDs forms another possibility of generating a defined light distribution on a use plane, such as on one of the road. Here, individual LEDs on a LED carrier lenses are assigned. If several LEDs with associated lenses have the same spatial arrangement, the failure of individual LEDs has only a very small influence on the produced light distribution.
Allerdings ist die Lösung mit Linsen relativ kostenintensiv, weil die Linsen speziell für die Beleuchtungsaufgabe gefertigt werden müssen. Für unterschiedliche Beleuchtungsaufgaben, d.h. zur Erzielung der verschiedenen Lichtverteilungen, müssen Freiformlinsen individuell entwickelt werden. Ferner ist die jeweilige Leuchte nur für eine bestimmte Beleuchtungsaufgabe geeignet.However, the lens solution is relatively expensive because the lenses need to be made specifically for the lighting task. For different lighting tasks, i. To achieve the different light distributions, free-form lenses must be developed individually. Furthermore, the respective lamp is only suitable for a specific lighting task.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit die Lichtverteilung einer Leuchte zu verändern ist es, eine Vorsatzlinse parallel zur optischen Achse der Leuchte zu verschieben, um eine rotationssymmetrische Lichtverteilung zu fokussieren oder zu defokussieren. Dadurch lassen sich jedoch wenige Variationen von Lichtverteilungen erzeugen. In der
Die
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Leuchte zur ortsfesten Beleuchtung von Innen- oder Außenbereichen, insbesondere eine Straßenleuchte, zu entwickeln, welche kostengünstig an die jeweilige Beleuchtungsaufgabe angepasst werden kann.Object of the present invention is to develop a luminaire for fixed illumination of indoor or outdoor areas, in particular a street lamp, which can be inexpensively adapted to the respective lighting task.
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch eine Leuchte für eine Innen- oder Außenbeleuchtung, insbesondere eine Straßenleuchte, nach Anspruch 1.The object is achieved by a lamp for indoor or outdoor lighting, in particular a street lamp, according to
Erfindungsgemäß sind wenigstens eine Freiformlinse, d.h. mit nicht rotationssymmetrischem Profil, und die LED gegeneinander verlagerbar. Dazu kann entweder die Linse gegenüber der LED verschoben werden, wobei die LED stationär an der Leuchte montiert ist. Alternativ kann auch die LED gegenüber einer stationären in der Leuchte montierten Linse verschoben werden. Die Verlagerbarkeit erlaubt es, die Linse und die LED in wenigstens zwei verschiedenen Positionen zueinander anzuordnen, wobei die Verlagerung zwischen den zwei Positionen wenigstens eine Bewegung senkrecht zur Hauptabstrahlrichtung der Linse umfasst. In Kombination mit der Verwendung einer Freiformlinse lässt sich so die Lichtverteilung der Leuchte wesentlich flexibler ändern, als dies beispielsweise durch eine Verschiebung einer Linse entlang der optischen Achse der LED möglich ist. Insbesondere erzeugt die Freiformlinse in den wenigstens zwei oder mehr verschiedenen Positionen unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen, die beispielsweise an die Beleuchtungsanforderung einer Straßenleuchte, wie nachfolgend näher ausgeführt, angepasst sind. Von besonderem Vorteil ist dabei die gegenüber der LED seitliche Verlagerung einer nicht-rotationssymmetrischen Freiformlinse. Durch die Abweichung von der Rotationssymmetrie ist die Lichtverteilung der Linse bereits an eine Beleuchtungsaufgabe angepasst und durch Verschieben der Linse kann die Lichtverteilung stärker verändert werden. Es sind insbesondere auch die Erzeugung von Lichtverteilungen möglich, die von einer einfachen Achssymmetrie senkrecht zur Verschieberichtung der Linse abweichen, weil sich durch das seitliche Verschieben der nicht-rotationssymmetrischen Linse stärker variierende Einfallswinkel zwischen der Lichtstrahlung der LED und den Einfalls- und Ausfallsflächen der Freiformlinse realisieren lassen. Bei einer rotationssymmetrischen Linse, wie im Stand der Technik üblich, kann nur eine minimale Verzerrung der Lichtverteilung, z.B. von kreisrund auf oval, erzielt werden.According to the invention, at least one free-form lens, i. with non-rotationally symmetrical profile, and the LED against each other displaced. For this purpose, either the lens relative to the LED can be moved, the LED is mounted stationary on the lamp. Alternatively, the LED can be moved relative to a stationary lens mounted in the luminaire. The displaceability makes it possible to arrange the lens and the LED in at least two different positions relative to one another, wherein the displacement between the two positions comprises at least one movement perpendicular to the main emission direction of the lens. In combination with the use of a freeform lens, the light distribution of the luminaire can be changed much more flexibly than is possible, for example, by a displacement of a lens along the optical axis of the LED. In particular, the free-form lens generates different light distributions in the at least two or more different positions which, for example, are adapted to the illumination requirement of a street lamp, as explained in more detail below. Of particular advantage is the relative to the LED lateral displacement of a non-rotationally symmetrical freeform lens. Due to the deviation from the rotational symmetry, the light distribution of the lens is already adapted to a lighting task and by moving the lens, the light distribution can be changed more. In particular, it is also possible to produce light distributions which deviate from a simple axis symmetry perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the lens, because the angle of incidence between the light radiation of the LED and the incident and failure surfaces of the freeform lens is increased by the lateral displacement of the non-rotationally symmetrical lens to let. For a rotationally symmetric lens, as is common in the art, only minimal distortion of the light distribution, e.g. from circular to oval.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Lichtverteilung in der ersten und zweiten Position unter einem vorgegebenen Ausstrahlungswinkel rund um die Leuchte, d.h. in einer sogenannten Kegelmantelkurve, eine Längserstreckung auf. Beispielsweise können zwei ausgeprägte Maxima erzeugt werden, die auf einer gemeinsamen Achse angeordnet sind, die z.B. längs einer Straße, die von der Leuchte beleuchtet wird, angeordnet sind (d.h. in den Richtungen der C0/180-Ebene). Eine solche Lichtverteilung eignet sich, um einen Straßenzug mit mehreren Leuchten ausleuchten zu können, wobei die Längsverteilung dabei hilft, die Mastabstände für die Straßenleuchten verhältnismäßig groß wählen zu können. Die Maxima können symmetrisch zur C90/C270-Ebene, die quer zur Straßenachse verläuft, angeordnet sein. Der Winkel zwischen der C0/C180-Ebene, in welcher die Straßenachse verläuft, und den beiden ausgeprägten Maxima bildet eine sogenannte Lichtbandknickung. Diese Lichtbandknickung ist bevorzugt, um eine Straße mit einer Leuchte vom Straßenrand oder einem angrenzenden Geh- und /oder Fahrweg über einen Längsabschnitt möglichst gleichmäßig zu beleuchten. Um diese Lichtbandknickung zu erzeugen, muss die Linse einen Großteil des Lichts der Lichtquelle unter dem Winkel der Lichtbandknickung umlenken. Dies kann z.B. gemäß einer Ausführungsform mit einer konvexen Geometrie in einer inneren Kavität der Freiformlinse oder mit einer konvexen Geometrie an der Außenfläche der Linse realisiert werden. Ein ähnlicher Effekt kann auch durch eine Prismenstruktur auf der inneren Kavität und/oder der Außenfläche erzielt werden, um Licht in die gewünschte Richtung zu bündeln, oder durch Brechungszahlunterschiede innerhalb der Linse, um eine Lichtbrechung in die entsprechende gewünschte Richtung zu erzeugen. Es ist auch möglich, mehrere Kavitäten mit oder ohne Prismenstruktur in einer Linse vorzusehen. Beispielsweise kann jede der Kavität einer der LEDs zugeordnet sein. Es können auch mehrere LEDs innerhalb einer Kavität angeordnet sein.According to a preferred embodiment, the light distribution in the first and second positions at a predetermined beam angle around the lamp, ie in a so-called cone envelope curve, a longitudinal extent. For example, two distinct maxima may be generated arranged on a common axis, eg along a road illuminated by the luminaire (ie in the directions of the C0 / 180 plane). Such a light distribution is suitable for illuminating a street with several lights, the longitudinal distribution helps to be able to choose the mast spacing for the street lights relatively large. The maxima may be symmetrical to the C90 / C270 plane, which is transverse to the road axis. The angle between the C0 / C180 plane in which the road axis runs, and the both pronounced maxima form a so-called Lichtbandknickung. This Lichtbandknickung is preferred to illuminate a street with a lamp from the roadside or an adjacent walking and / or track over a longitudinal section as evenly as possible. In order to produce this light band buckling, the lens must redirect much of the light from the light source at the angle of the light band buckling. This can be realized, for example, according to an embodiment with a convex geometry in an inner cavity of the free-form lens or with a convex geometry on the outer surface of the lens. A similar effect can also be achieved by a prismatic structure on the inner cavity and / or the outer surface to focus light in the desired direction, or by differences in refractive index within the lens to produce refraction in the appropriate desired direction. It is also possible to provide a plurality of cavities with or without prism structure in a lens. For example, each of the cavities may be associated with one of the LEDs. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of LEDs within a cavity.
Erfindungsgemäß wird durch das Verschieben der Linse der Winkel der Lichtbandknickung zwischen den zwei Positionen verändert. Insbesondere ist auch möglich, mit der Relativbewegung zwischen den zwei Positionen den Winkel der Lichtbandknickung kontinuierlich einzustellen. Dies ermöglicht eine individuelle Anpassung der Leuchte an die räumlichen Gegebenheiten der Straßen sowie an den gewählten Mastabstand der Straßenleuchten. Dadurch kann ein vorkonfigurierter Leuchtentyp gewählt werden, um in verschiedenen räumlichen Situationen eingesetzt zu werden.According to the invention, the angle of the light band buckling between the two positions is changed by the displacement of the lens. In particular, it is also possible to adjust the angle of the light band buckling continuously with the relative movement between the two positions. This allows an individual adaptation of the lamp to the spatial conditions of the streets and to the selected mast spacing of the street lights. This allows a pre-configured luminaire type to be used in different spatial situations.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform weist die Freiformlinse in einer C-Ebene, vorzugsweise der C90/C270-Ebene, eine Symmetrieebene auf und die Relativbewegung erfolgt entlang einer Richtung in der Symmetrieebene. Diese Ausführungsform eignet sich insbesondere zur Beleuchtung von gradlinigen Straßen. Sofern die Straße jedoch eine ungleichmäßige Kurve in dem zu beleuchtenden Streckenabschnitt aufweist oder eine große Steigung in Längsrichtung aufweist, kann auch eine Abweichung von der Spiegelsymmetrie in der C90/C260-Ebene von Vorteil sein, um eine gleichmäßige Beleuchtung auf dem Straßenabschnitt zu erzielen. Die Verschiebbarkeit der Linse ermöglicht dabei eine individuelle Anpassung an den Ort der Leuchte, z.B. dem Abstand zum Straßenrand und der Höhe des Leuchtenmasts.According to one embodiment, the free-form lens has a plane of symmetry in a C plane, preferably the C90 / C270 plane, and the relative movement takes place along a direction in the plane of symmetry. This embodiment is particularly suitable for illuminating straight roads. However, if the road has a nonuniform curve in the track section to be illuminated or has a large pitch in the longitudinal direction, a deviation from the mirror symmetry in the C90 / C260 plane may also be advantageous in order to achieve a uniform illumination on the road section. The displaceability of the lens allows an individual adaptation to the location of the lamp, for example the distance to the roadside and the height of the lamp post.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Leuchte mehrere LEDs auf und jeder LED ist jeweils eine Freiformlinse zugeordnet. Dies dient nicht nur zur Erzeugung einer größeren Beleuchtungsstärke, sondern hat außerdem den Vorteil, dass die LEDs redundant wirken können, so dass bei einem Ausfall einer LED die Beleuchtungsaufgabe nur mit verminderter Gesamtintensität noch gewährleistet ist.According to a preferred embodiment, the lamp has a plurality of LEDs and each LED is associated with a free-form lens. This not only serves to produce a larger illuminance, but also has the advantage that the LEDs can act redundantly, so that in case of failure of an LED lighting task is only guaranteed with reduced overall intensity.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Freiformlinsen gegenüber den LEDs durch eine gemeinsame Relativbewegung zueinander verlagerbar. Dadurch lassen sich mit einer Bewegung alle Linsen zur Erzeugung der gewünschten Lichtverteilung einstellen. Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die einzelnen Freiformlinsen gegenüber der jeweils zugeordneten LED individuell verlagerbar sind. Dadurch lassen sich mit den einzelnen Linsen-LED-Paaren unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen erzeugen, die sich zu einer gewünschten Gesamtlichtverteilung der Leuchte überlagern.According to a preferred embodiment, the freeform lenses are displaceable relative to the LEDs by a common relative movement. As a result, all lenses can be adjusted to produce the desired light distribution with one movement. According to an alternative embodiment may also be provided that the individual free-form lenses are individually displaced relative to the respective associated LED. As a result, different light distributions can be generated with the individual lens-LED pairs, which overlap to a desired overall light distribution of the luminaire.
Insbesondere können mehrere oder alle der Freiformlinsen gleich geformt sein, so dass mit der Relativbewegung auch alle Linsen jeweils die gleiche Lichtverteilung erzeugen.In particular, several or all of the freeform lenses can be shaped identically, so that with the relative movement, all the lenses also produce the same light distribution in each case.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die mehreren gleichen Freiformlinsen gegenüber den ihnen zugeordneten LEDs jeweils in gleicher Lage angeordnet. Dadurch erzielen alle Linsen-LED-Pärchen in der Leuchte jeweils die gleiche Lichtverteilung, die sich mit gleicher räumlicher Ausrichtung zueinander überlagern. Beim Ausfall einer LED ändert sich dadurch die von der Leuchte erzeugte Gesamtlichtverteilung nicht. Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform können auch einige Freiformlinsen entlang einer Achse, insbesondere in Richtung der Relativbewegung, versetzt zu den ihren jeweils zugeordneten LEDs angeordnet sein. Gemäß dieser Ausführungsform können die einzelnen Linsen-LED-Pärchen unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen, z.B. unterschiedliche Lichtbandknickungen, erzeugen, die sich in der Gesamtlichtverteilung der Leuchte überlagern. So können neue Lichtverteilungskurven erzeugt werden. Durch das Verschieben der Linsen gegenüber den LEDs kann auch diese Leichtverteilung individuell eingestellt werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the several same freeform lenses are each arranged in the same position relative to the LEDs assigned to them. As a result, all the lens-LED pairs in the luminaire each achieve the same light distribution, which overlap each other with the same spatial orientation. If one LED fails, this does not change the total light distribution generated by the luminaire. According to an alternative embodiment, some free-form lenses along an axis, in particular in the direction of the relative movement, offset from their respective associated LEDs can be arranged. According to this embodiment, the individual lens-LED pairs can have different light distributions, e.g. produce different Lichtbandknickungen, which overlap in the total light distribution of the luminaire. So new light distribution curves can be generated. By moving the lenses relative to the LEDs, this light distribution can also be adjusted individually.
In den Ausführungsformen mit mehreren LEDs und Freiformlinsen können jede der Freiformlinsen jeweils eine Lichtbandknickung mit dem gleichen Winkel erzeugen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass die Freiformlinsen unterschiedlicher LEDs unterschiedliche Lichtbandknickungen erzeugen. Entweder sind die Linsen gegenüber der LEDs unterschiedlich angeordnet oder die Linsen weisen eine andere Form auf, um einen geänderten Winkel der Lichtbandknickung hervorzubringen.In the embodiments with a plurality of LEDs and freeform lenses, each of the freeform lenses can each generate a light band buckling at the same angle. However, it is also possible for the freeform lenses of different LEDs to produce different light band bends. Either the lenses are arranged differently with respect to the LEDs or the lenses have a different shape to produce a changed angle of the light band buckling.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform mit mehreren Freiformlinsen und LEDs sind die mehreren LEDs in einer Ebene angeordnet oder entlang einer graden Achse angeordnet und die Linsen sind in einem Array parallel zu der Ebene bzw. parallel zu der Achse verlagerbar angeordnet. In dieser Ausführungsform überlagern sich die Lichtverteilungen der einzelnen Linsen-LED-Pärchen in den wenigstens zwei verschiedenen Positionen gleichmäßig, so dass auch die Symmetrie der erzielten Gesamtlichtverteilung beim Verstellen der Linsen gegenüber den LEDs erhalten bleibt. Durch das Verstellen der Linsen gegenüber der LEDs kann beispielsweise der Abstand zweier Maxima in der Lichtverteilungskurve in der Kegelmantelkurve eingestellt werden oder der Winkel der Lichtbandknickung kann verändert werden.According to a preferred embodiment with a plurality of free-form lenses and LEDs, the plurality of LEDs are arranged in a plane or arranged along a straight axis and the lenses are arranged to be displaceable in an array parallel to the plane or parallel to the axis. In this embodiment, the light distributions of the individual lens-LED pairs are uniformly superimposed in the at least two different positions, so that the symmetry of the overall light distribution achieved when adjusting the lenses the LEDs remains. By adjusting the lenses relative to the LEDs, for example, the distance between two maxima in the light distribution curve in the cone envelope curve can be set or the angle of the light band buckling can be changed.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind mehrere Freiformlinsen auf einem gemeinsamen Linsenträger angeordnet und der Linsenträger ist durch die Relativbewegung gegenüber den LEDs verlagerbar. Auf diese Weise lässt sich die Ausführungsform mit mehreren LEDs und mehreren Freiformlinsen besonders einfach herstellen. Ferner ist die Betätigung zum Verstellen der Leuchte einfach, weil nur ein Linsenträger gegenüber den LEDs verschoben werden muss. Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist jedoch auch vorgesehen, dass individuell einzelne Freiformlinsen oder Gruppen von Freiformlinsen gegenüber der bzw. den jeweils zugeordneten LED(s) verstellt werden können.According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of free-form lenses are arranged on a common lens carrier and the lens carrier can be displaced by the relative movement with respect to the LEDs. In this way, the embodiment with a plurality of LEDs and a plurality of freeform lenses can be produced particularly easily. Furthermore, the operation for adjusting the lamp is easy, because only one lens carrier has to be moved relative to the LEDs. According to an alternative embodiment, however, it is also provided that individually individual free-form lenses or groups of free-form lenses can be adjusted relative to the respectively assigned LED (s).
Der Linsenträger kann gemeinsam mit der Freiformlinse oder als separates Bauteil gefertigt werden. Beispielsweise können die Freiformlinsen aus einem transparenten Kunststoff wie PMMA gebildet sein. Der Linsenträger kann aus dem gleichen Kunststoffmaterial oder einem anderen, z.B. nicht transparenten, Kunststoffmaterial gebildet sein, und mit den Linsen einstückig oder getrennt hergestellt werden.The lens carrier can be manufactured together with the freeform lens or as a separate component. For example, the freeform lenses can be formed from a transparent plastic such as PMMA. The lens carrier may be made of the same plastic material or another, e.g. non-transparent, plastic material may be formed, and made with the lenses in one piece or separately.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist ein Linsenträger eine einzelne Freiformlinse oder ein Linsenträger für mehrere Freiformlinsen wenigstens eine, vorzugweise zwei gegenüberliegende reflektierende Seitenwände auf, die in Richtung zu der einen bzw. den mehreren LEDs weist. Allgemein erhöht die reflektierende Seitenwand den Wirkungsgrad der Leuchte. Vorzugsweise sind auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten reflektierende Seitenwände, die jeweils in Richtung zu der oder den LED(s) weisen, angeordnet. Gemäß einer Weiterbildung dieses Ausführungsform ist/sind die wenigstens eine oder vorzugsweise die zwei Seitenwände parallel zu einer Symmetrieebene der Lichtverteilung angeordnet, welche die Leuchte in der einen oder den beiden Positionen der Freiformlinse(n) gegenüber der oder den LED(s) erzeugt. Bei der symmetrischen Lichtverteilung hat diese Anordnung der Seitenwände keinen Einfluss auf die Lichtverteilungskurve. Es kann aber auf große Ausstrahlungswinkel zur Seite und somit auf große Bauformen der Leuchte verzichtet werden, weil das Licht ohne Beeinflussungen der Lichtverteilung über die Seitenwand gespiegelt wird.According to a preferred embodiment, a lens carrier has a single free-form lens or a lens carrier for a plurality of free-form lenses at least one, preferably two opposing reflective side walls facing towards the one or more LEDs. Generally, the reflective sidewall increases the efficiency of the luminaire. Preferably, on two opposite sides reflective side walls, each facing in the direction of the LED or (s) arranged. According to a development of this embodiment, the at least one or preferably the two side walls are / are arranged parallel to a plane of symmetry of the light distribution which generates the luminaire in one or both positions of the free-form lens (s) relative to the LED (s). In the case of symmetrical light distribution, this arrangement of the side walls has no influence on the light distribution curve. But it can be dispensed with large beam angle to the side and thus on large designs of the lamp, because the light is mirrored without affecting the light distribution over the side wall.
Die Verlagerbarkeit der Linsen gegenüber der LED kann manuell oder automatisch erfolgen. Durch die manuelle Verlagerbarkeit kann die gewünschte Lichtverteilung am Ort der Montage der Leuchte noch eingestellt werden. Bei einer automatischen Verlagerbarkeit etwa durch einen elektrischen Servomotor oder dergleichen, kann die Lichtverteilung der Leuchte auch nach der Montage noch geändert werden. Beispielsweise kann die Leuchte zu Tages- und Nachtzeiten andere Lichtverteilungen aufweisen oder die Lichtverteilung kann der Wettersituation und den Reflexions- bzw. Absorptionseigenschaften des Fahrbahnbelages angepasst werden. Ferner kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Leuchte mit einem Sender in einem Fahrzeug zusammenwirkt, so dass die Lichtverteilung bei einem herannahenden Fahrzeug automatisch geändert wird, um z.B. eine Blendung des Fahrers durch die Straßenleuchte zu verhindern.The displaceability of the lenses relative to the LED can be done manually or automatically. Due to the manual displaceability, the desired light distribution at the place of installation of the lamp can still be adjusted. In an automatic displacement such as an electric servomotor or the like, the light distribution of the lamp can still be changed after installation. For example, the light can have different light distributions at daytime and at night, or the light distribution can be adapted to the weather situation and the reflection or absorption properties of the road surface. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the luminaire interacts with a transmitter in a vehicle, so that the light distribution in an approaching vehicle is automatically changed in order, for example, to change the light distribution. to prevent dazzling the driver by the street lamp.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung werden aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen deutlich, die in Verbindung mit den beigefügten Figuren gegeben wird. In den Figuren ist Folgendes dargestellt:
Figur 1- zeigt einen Querschnitt in der C90/270-Ebene einer verschiebbaren Freiformlinse auf einem PCB mit einer LED.
- Figur 2a
- zeigt einen Schnitt senkrecht zu den C-Ebenen (d.h. in einem Schnitt parallel zur Fläche, auf der die LED befestigt ist) der Anordnung nach
Figur 1 . - Figur 2b
- zeigt eine Kegelmantelkurve einer Lichtverteilung der Anordnung nach
Figur 2a . - Figur 3a
- zeigt den Schnitt nach
Figur 2a mit verschobener Linse. - Figur 3b
- zeigt eine Kegelmantelkurve einer Lichtverteilung der Anordnung nach
Figur 3a . - Figur 4a
- zeigt einen Schnitt senkrecht zu den C-Ebenen (d.h. einem Schnitt parallel zur Fläche, auf die LED montiert sind) durch eine Anordnung mit drei Freiformlinsen.
- Figur 4b
- zeigt Kegelmantelkurven von Lichtverteilungen der Anordnung nach
Figur 4a . Figur 5- zeigt eine verschiebbare einzelne Freiformlinse auf einem Träger in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Figur 6- zeigt eine einzelne Freiformlinse in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Figur 7- zeigt einen Linsenträger für vier einzelne Freiformlinsen nach
Figur 6 in perspektivischer Ansicht. Figur 8- zeigt ein verschiebbares 1x2-Linsenarray in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Figur 9- zeigt einen Linsenträger für zwei Linsenarrays nach
Figur 8 in perspektivischer Ansicht. Figur 10- zeigt einen Linsenträger für ein XxX-Linsenarray in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Figur 11- zeigt einen Linsenträger mit reflektierenden Seitenwänden in perspektivischer Ansicht.
Figur 12- zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Freiformlinse einer alternativen Ausführungsform, wobei der Schnitt in einer Fläche parallel zu der Fläche liegt, auf der die LED angeordnet ist.
Figur 13- zeigt einen Schnitt entsprechend der
Figur 12 durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Freiformlinse. Figur 14- zeigt einen Schnitt entsprechend der
Figur 12 durch eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Freiformlinse.
- FIG. 1
- shows a cross section in the C90 / 270 plane of a sliding free-form lens on a PCB with an LED.
- FIG. 2a
- Figure 12 shows a section perpendicular to the C-planes (ie in a section parallel to the surface on which the LED is mounted) of the assembly
FIG. 1 , - FIG. 2b
- shows a cone-shaped curve of a light distribution of the arrangement
FIG. 2a , - FIG. 3a
- shows the cut after
FIG. 2a with shifted lens. - FIG. 3b
- shows a cone-shaped curve of a light distribution of the arrangement
FIG. 3a , - FIG. 4a
- shows a section perpendicular to the C-planes (ie a section parallel to the surface on which LEDs are mounted) by an arrangement with three free-form lenses.
- FIG. 4b
- shows cone-shaped curves of light distributions of the arrangement
FIG. 4a , - FIG. 5
- shows a sliding single free-form lens on a support in perspective view.
- FIG. 6
- shows a single freeform lens in perspective view.
- FIG. 7
- shows a lens carrier for four individual freeform lenses
FIG. 6 in perspective view. - FIG. 8
- shows a sliding 1x2 lens array in perspective view.
- FIG. 9
- shows a lens carrier for two lens arrays
FIG. 8 in perspective view. - FIG. 10
- shows a lens carrier for a XxX lens array in perspective view.
- FIG. 11
- shows a lens carrier with reflective side walls in perspective view.
- FIG. 12
- shows a section through a freeform lens of an alternative embodiment, wherein the cut is in a plane parallel to the surface on which the LED is arranged.
- FIG. 13
- shows a section corresponding to the
FIG. 12 by a further embodiment of a freeform lens. - FIG. 14
- shows a section corresponding to the
FIG. 12 by a further embodiment of a freeform lens.
Bezug nehmend auf die
Durch das Verschieben der Freiformlinse 2 gegenüber der LED 1 werden unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen hervorgebracht. Die dargestellte Ausführungsform ist insbesondere zur Erzeugung einer Lichtverteilung für eine Straßenbeleuchtung vorgesehen. Die konvexe Geometrie 9 der inneren Kavität 10 sorgt für eine Lichtverteilungskurve, die in einem horizontalen Schnitt der C-Ebenen, sogenannte Kegelmantelkurve, zwei ausgeprägte Maxima hervorbringt. Die Maxima sind gegenüber der C90/270-Ebene symmetrisch und gegenüber der C0/180-Ebene in einem Winkel 11 zur Bildung einer Lichtbandknickung angeordnet. In der Konfiguration nach
Demnach kann die gleiche Leuchte 8 durch Verschieben der Freiformlinse 2 gegenüber der LED 1 entlang der Richtung 4, d.h. in der C90/270-Ebene, unterschiedliche Lichtverteilungen mit einer geänderten Lichtbandknickung 11 erzeugen und damit für die Beleuchtung unterschiedlich breiter Straßen angepasst werden. Je nach Verschiebeweg können so zwischen sehr schmalen und sehr breiten Straßen alle Anordnungen normgerecht beleuchtet werden. Des Weiteren können verschiedene Überhänge der Leuchte gegenüber dem Straßenrand in positiver oder negativer Richtung durch das Verschieben der Linse 2 kompensiert werden. Die Lichtverteilungskurve kann mit dem Winkel der Lichtbandknickung auch an kurvige Straßen angepasst werden.Accordingly, the
Die
Des Weiteren ist in den
In den
In der
Weitere Ausführungsformen von Freiformlinsen, die in der vorliegenden Erfindung angewandt werden können, sind in den
Weitere Modifikationen der vorhergehend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sind im Rahmen der Erfindung, die durch die beigefügten Ansprüche definiert ist, möglich. Insbesondere wurden die vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen so beschrieben, dass sich immer die Linse gegenüber den LEDs bewegt wird. Es kann jedoch auch möglich sein, die Linsen stationär an der Leuchte anzubringen und die LEDs gegenüber den Linsen durch entsprechende Einrichtungen zu verschieben. Ferner ist es möglich, beliebige Kombinationen von Einzellinsen und Linsenarray innerhalb eines Linsenträgers oder an mehreren Linsenträgern innerhalb einer Leuchte vorzusehen, z.B. können mehr als 10 oder 50 LEDs vorgegeben sein. Ferner können mehrere LEDs jeweils einer Linse zugeordnet sein. Generell können die Linsenträger gegenüber der Leuchte verstellbar sein, um die Linsen gegenüber der LEDs zu verschieben. Es kann jedoch ebenso die Linse innerhalb des Linsenträgers verschoben werden, um die Relativbewegung gegenüber der LED zu erzielen.Further modifications of the previously described embodiments are possible within the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. In particular, the foregoing embodiments have been described as always moving the lens relative to the LEDs. However, it may also be possible to mount the lenses stationary on the lamp and to move the LEDs relative to the lenses by appropriate means. Furthermore, it is possible to provide any combinations of individual lenses and lens array within a lens carrier or on a plurality of lens carriers within a luminaire, eg, more than 10 or 50 LEDs can be predetermined. Furthermore, a plurality of LEDs may each be associated with a lens. In general, the lens carriers can be adjustable relative to the light in order to move the lenses relative to the LEDs. However, it is also possible to displace the lens within the lens carrier in order to achieve the relative movement with respect to the LED.
- 11
- LEDLED
- 22
- FreiformlinseFreeform lens
- 33
- Straßenrichtungroad to
- 44
- Verschieberichtung der FreiformlinseDisplacement direction of the freeform lens
- 55
- PCBPCB
- 66
- Kegelmantelkurve mit LichtbandknickungCone curve with light band bending
- 77
- Straße (schmalbreit)Road (narrow width)
- 88th
- Straßenleuchtestreet lamp
- 99
- konvexe Geometrie in der inneren Kavitätconvex geometry in the inner cavity
- 1010
- LinsenkavitätLinsenkavität
- 1111
- Winkel der LichtbandknickungAngle of light band bending
- 1212
- Linsenträgerlens wearers
- 1313
- Rillenstrukturgroove structure
- 1414
- Markierungmark
- 1515
- Einzellinse oder LinsenarraySingle lens or lens array
- 1616
- LinsenträgerarrayArray lens wearers
- 1717
- Platz für Linsen/LinsenarraysSpace for lenses / lens arrays
- 1818
- Reflektierende SeitenwandReflective sidewall
- 1919
- Linsenpositionlens position
- 2020
- Linsenpositionlens position
- 2121
- Linsenpositionlens position
- 2222
-
Lichtbandknickung der Einzellinse in der Leuchte bei Linsenposition 21Light band buckling of the single lens in the luminaire at
lens position 21 - 2323
-
Lichtbandknickung der Einzellinse in der Leuchte bei Linsenposition 20Light band buckling of the single lens in the luminaire at
lens position 20 - 2424
-
Lichtbandknickung der Einzellinse in der Leuchte bei Linsenposition 19Light band buckling of the single lens in the luminaire at
lens position 19 - 2525
- Resultierende LVK durch die Überlagerung der Lichtbandknickungen 22, 23 und 24Resulting LVK due to the overlapping of the light band bends 22, 23 and 24
- 2626
- Prismenstrukturenprismatic structures
- 2727
- Kavität oder Bereich mit unterschiedlichem BrechungsindexCavity or area with different refractive index
- L1L1
- Lichtstrahlbeam of light
- L2L2
- Lichtstrahlbeam of light
- L3L3
- Lichtstrahlbeam of light
Claims (14)
- Luminaire for internal or outdoor lighting, in particular a street light (8), with at least one LED (1) as light source, and;
at least one free-form lens (2) assigned to the LED (1) for influencing the light distribution emitted by the luminaire, and wherein the free-form lens (2) is not rotation-symmetric,
wherein the free-form lens (2) and the LED (1) can be displaced in relation to one another by a relative movement (4) between at least one first and one second position, and wherein the relative movement (4) comprises at least partially a movement perpendicular to the main beam direction of the LED (1), and the free-form lens (2) produces different light distribution in the first and second position,
characterized in that in at least one of the positions the light distribution in the conical shell curve (6; 22, 23, 24) exhibits an optical pattern curvature and the angle (11) of the optical pattern curvature is different between the two positions. - Luminaire according to claim 1, wherein the light distribution in a conical shell curve (6; 22, 23, 24) exhibits a longitudinal extension when the free-form lens (2) is in the first and the second position in relation to the LED.
- Luminaire according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the free-form lens (2) has an inner cavity (10) with a convex geometry (9) and/or an outer surface with convex geometry and/or the inner cavity and/or the outer surface exhibits a prism structure.
- Luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, with the relative movement (4) between the two positions, the angle (11) of the optical pattern curvature is continually adjustable.
- Luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the free-form lens (2) has a plane of symmetry and the relative movement (4) takes place along a direction in the plane of symmetry.
- Luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminaire comprises a plurality of LED's (1) and a free-form lens (2) is assigned to each LED (1).
- Luminaire according to claim 6, wherein all the free-form lenses (2) can be moved in relation to the LED's (1) by a common relative movement (4).
- Luminaire according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a plurality or all of the free-form lenses (2) are of the same shape.
- Luminaire according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of same free-form lenses (2) are arranged in the same way in relation to the LED (1) assigned to them in each case, or are arranged along only one axis, in particular in the direction of the relative movement (4), offset to the respective LED.
- Luminaire according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the free-form lenses in each case produce a light distribution with optical pattern curvature (22, 23, 24) with the same or different angle (11) in at least one of the two positions.
- Luminaire according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the plurality of LED's (1) are arranged in one plane or along a straight axis, and the lenses are displaceably located in an array (15) parallel to the plane or parallel to the axis.
- Luminaire according to any one of claims 6 to 11, wherein the plurality of free-form lenses (2) are arranged on a common lens carrier (16) and the free-form lenses can be displaced inside the lens carrier (16) or the lens carrier can be displaced as a whole by the relative movement (4) in relation to the LED's (1).
- Luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a lens carrier (16) of an individual free-form lens (2), or, by reference to claim 10, the common lens carrier (16) of the plurality of free-form lenses (2), comprises at least one reflecting side wall (18), which faces in the direction of the one or more LED's (1), wherein, in particular, the side wall (18) is arranged parallel to a plane of symmetry of the light distribution which the luminaires produce in one or in both of the positions.
- Luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the relative movement (4) can be carried out manually or can be carried out by an automatic drive.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015119106.7A DE102015119106A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2015-11-06 | Indoor or outdoor lamp, especially street lamp, with movable freeform lens |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3165818A1 EP3165818A1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
EP3165818B1 true EP3165818B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
Family
ID=57233330
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16196994.4A Active EP3165818B1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2016-11-03 | Internal or outdoor luminaire, in particular a street lamp, with adjustable free-form lens |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3165818B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106969327B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015119106A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111356272A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-30 | 清华大学 | Indoor intelligent device system |
Families Citing this family (4)
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EP3470730B1 (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2023-01-25 | ZG Lighting France S.A.S | Lighting unit and luminaire for road and/or street lighting |
BE1025877B1 (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-08-06 | Schreder S.A. | MOBILE LENS LUMINAIRE |
NL2022297B1 (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2020-07-23 | Schreder Sa | Luminaire system with movable modules |
DE102019126884A1 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-08 | Siteco Gmbh | Lighting device with a silicone print lens |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN106969327A (en) | 2017-07-21 |
CN106969327B (en) | 2020-10-30 |
EP3165818A1 (en) | 2017-05-10 |
DE102015119106A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
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