EP1770329A2 - Arrangement to selectively avoid the glare of an exterior lighting along a vertical or horizontal axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a cylindrical, transparent shield body (14) with a cylindrical lens and surface provided with a zigzag-shaped profile in a vertical direction to deflect the radiation from a lighting source (18) incident on the shield body in a desired direction. Triangular projections of the zigzag-shaped profile in upper and lower portions of the shield body are designed and configured in such a way that the radiation from the lighting source is fully reflected and deflected in a desired direction when passing through the upper and lower portions of the shield body, respectively. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing an essentially cylindrical, transparent shield body.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a device for blinding outdoor lights comprising a substantially cylindrical, translucent defogger having a surface which is profiled in a zigzag shape in the axial direction, so that the radiation of a luminous means which impinges on the defibrillator, in a desired direction is deflected.

Such devices are used in particular in luminaires with high luminance. They prevent direct insight into the light source. This is particularly important in outdoor areas, where a dazzling of the leader of motor vehicles or passers-by should be avoided and directed light is needed for better illumination of the roads.

State of the art

From the EP 0 191 264 is an arrangement for de-glare outdoor lights with large-area radiating bulbs is known in which a plurality of identical rings are stacked with a right triangle as a cross section. The rings have holes in which threaded rods are provided for connecting the rings with each other. The arrangements are usually made of plastic manufactured. The outer profile of the composite assembly is smooth cylindrical and the inner profile is zigzag in the axial direction. Each ring of the inner profile has a surface in the radial direction and a surface inclined by 40 ° thereto. The thus constructed cylindrical Verblendkörper is arranged around the lamp around. The radiation of the illuminant is then refracted as in a prism and deflected to a large extent in the axial direction downwards. Another part of the radiation is deflected upwards.

Part of the radiation from the light source is emitted upwards in this arrangement. As a result, the so-called "light smoke" is generated, which disturbs local residents and can disturb treetops, house facades and the like.

Disclosure of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a device of the type mentioned, which has an improved emission characteristics.

According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the wedge-shaped projections of the zigzag profile are formed in a first region such that the radiation of the lamp is totally reflected in the desired direction when passing through the anti-glare body and the wedge-shaped projections of the zigzag profile are formed in a second region in that the radiation of the luminous means is refracted in the desired direction as it passes through the antiglare body.

Through the combination of total reflection and refraction, the radiated upwards radiation component can be reduced. Radiation components which can not be deflected downwards by refraction can also be conducted downwards in the desired direction in this arrangement. For this purpose, no separate mirror or the like is required. By adjusting the angle of the wedge-shaped projections, the emission characteristic can be further optimized. As more radiation is radiated down, lamps of lower power can be used, or a better lighting result is achieved. A disturbance by light smoke is avoided.

Preferably, the Entblendkörper is integrally formed. Then no separate connection means, such as threaded rods or the like, are used. This makes it possible to manufacture the glazing body made of glass, since the risk of glass breakage is reduced when connecting.

The radiation emitted by the illuminant always has a UV component. Unlike plastic, glass does not yellow when irradiated with such UV rays. Glass is also more thermally stable than plastic.

Preferably, the zigzag profile is provided on the outside of the anti-glare body. Then, the anti-glare body can be prepared by pressing a punch into the liquid material in a mold and pulling it out after curing. Due to the shape, the zigzag-shaped outer profile can be produced reproducibly and very accurately. Preferably, the Entblendkörper is internally conical. The half the opening angle with respect to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical arrangement can be in the range of 0.5-3 °, preferably at 2 °. This facilitates the extraction of the stamp during manufacture.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, cylindrical lenses are integrally formed on the inside of the defibrillator whose axes of curvature extend in the axial direction. Such cylindrical lenses are particularly useful when using bulbs with small burners, such as innovative high-pressure lamps with crystal clear pistons. Also in the device according to the invention there are angles under which the light source is directly visible. To avoid glare even at this angle, scattering in the circumferential direction is effected by using a plurality of cylindrical lenses. These extend over the entire height of the screening device. They form an inwardly protruding rosette, so to speak. The bulb is then not easily, but repeatedly mapped. The luminance is distributed in this way on a variety of points and reduces glare.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the zigzag profile is provided on the inside of the anti-glare body. The anti-glare body can also off Plastic, in particular polycarbonate be made. The preparation can be carried out by pressing a translucent plastic into a planar shape with a zigzag-shaped surface and bending the mold thus produced, such that a segment of the anti-glare body is formed. Subsequently, two or more segments are joined together to form a complete defoaming body. In this production form, the zigzag-shaped profile may also lie on the inside, since then no stamp must be removed. When using plastic, a light-permeable heat shield is preferably provided in the interior volume of the anti-glare body. Such a heat shield can be formed by a coaxial with the anti-glare body arranged, cylindrical glass body. As a result, the heat from the lamp is kept substantially away from the plastic body. In a further embodiment of the invention, cylindrical lenses are formed on the inside of the heat shield, whose axes of curvature extend in the axial direction. These cylindrical lenses have the same function as above. They avoid glare on direct inspection of the light source.

In addition, in another embodiment of the invention, an auxiliary diaphragm can be provided outside the anti-glare element for glare control of selected angular ranges in the circumferential direction. The auxiliary panel may comprise prisms whose roof edge extends in the axial direction and which are positioned side by side in the circumferential direction. It is often the case that e.g. in street lighting, although the walkway and the street should be lit, but not behind the light lying and opposite houses. The angular range in these directions should therefore be as completely as possible blinding. With an auxiliary diaphragm, the radiation emitted in these directions can be deflected in a desired direction.

For Entblendkörper different diameters different auxiliary apertures can be provided. The auxiliary diaphragm can have a curvature on the side facing the anti-glare body, the center of curvature of which coincides with the center of the illuminant.

Embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims. Embodiments are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig.1

is a perspective view of an apparatus for blinding outdoor lights, in which the defoaming body is profiled on the outside.

Fig.2

shows the device of Fig. 1 from a view obliquely from above, in which the profiling of the inside of the Entblendkörpers is visible.

Figure 3

is a vertical section through the Entblendkörper of FIG. 1 and FIG

Figure 4

shows the beam path on the anti-glare body of Figure 3 for a punctiform light source

Figure 5

illustrates the effect of profiling the inside of the anti-glare body with cylindrical lenses with a vertical axis of curvature

Figure 6

illustrates the effect of a prism arranged as an auxiliary diaphragm in front of the anti-glare body.

Figure 7

illustrates the effect of several arranged as an auxiliary shutter in front of the anti-glare body prisms.

Figure 8

shows the effect of combining a profiling of the inside of the anti-glare body with cylindrical lenses with vertical axis of curvature and an auxiliary panel with multiple prisms.

Figure 9

shows a variation of the arrangement of Figure 8, in which the inside of the auxiliary aperture is provided with cylindrical lenses having a vertical Krümmungsachse.

Figure 10

is a horizontal section through a two-part device with a plastic anti-glare body

Figure 11

is a vertical section through a Entblendkörper with inward profiling

FIGS. 12 to 18

illustrate the manufacturing process for a defoaming with inward profiling by bending

Fig.19 to 21

illustrate the manufacturing process for a defoaming with inwardly profiling a blank with predetermined kinks

Description of the embodiments

In Fig.1 a generally designated 10 part of an outdoor lamp is shown. The outdoor light 10 comprises a support 12, a shielding body 14 and a socket 16 for a lighting means. A part of the luminous means 18 is visible in the view in FIG. The anti-glare body 14 has a lower edge 20. This edge 20 is held in a groove 22 in mounting clips 24. The mounting clips are inserted into receptacles 28 provided for this purpose on the carrier 12. In the present embodiment, the Entblendkörper 14 is held in four such mounting clamps, which are arranged uniformly along the circumference. The carrier is a casting and is mounted inside the outdoor lamp.

The Entblendkörper 14 is substantially cylindrical and rotationally symmetrical. The Entblendkörper 14 is profiled on both the outside 30, as well as on the inside 32. On the inside 32 depending on the dimensions between 20 and 80 adjacent cylindrical lenses are formed. For a shield with a smaller radius of 65 mm, 60 cylindrical lenses are provided. The cylindrical lenses have a radius of curvature of 2.9 mm. The cylindrical lenses extend over the entire length of the Entblendkörpers 14th

The profiling of the outside of the anti-glare body is explained with reference to Figure 3 and 3a. In the sectional view can be seen that the outer profile down a zigzag course 34 with wedge-shaped outwardly protruding projections 36. The projections 36 are formed differently. They have different wedge angles 38 and the boundary surfaces 42 and 44 have different angles of inclination 40 with respect to the horizontal. The tips 46 extend to different extents in certain areas, i. All projections 36 are formed on a base cylinder 50, so that a minimum thickness of the anti-glare is also provided between the projections. On the inside 32 of the anti-glare body with an opening angle of 2 ° relative to the vertical 56 is conical.

In the present embodiment eleven projections 36 were selected. With this number, it is ensured that the arrangement does not become too thick similar to a Fresnel lens. The lowermost two projections 48 and 52 are flat and have a large wedge angle 38. In the other projections, the wedge angle 38 initially becomes smaller towards the top, assumes a minimum and then becomes slightly larger again. The inclination of the upper boundary surface 42 of the projections relative to the horizontal 54 decreases towards the top. The inclination of the lower boundary surface 44 of the projections with respect to the horizontal 54 increases towards the top. The wedge angle 38 is not symmetrical about the horizontal. The lower angle 40 therefore does not necessarily correspond to half the wedge angle 38.

The anti-glare body 14 is made of glass with a refractive index in the range of n = 1.52. Since the profiling on the inside in the vertical direction is constant and changes only in the circumferential direction, the anti-glare body can be pressed by means of a punch. The stamp is pressed into the liquid glass mass in a mold. After curing, the stamp can be pulled upwards. The anti-glare body can be manufactured in one piece or also from several sub-segments.

In the described embodiment of the anti-glare body results in a transmission characteristic, as shown schematically for visible light in Fig. 4 is. Radiation uniformly emitted from a punctiform light source 60 strikes the inside 62 of the anti-glare body 14. At the interface, it is refracted a first time. In the area below the horizontal, the radiation is deflected slightly upwards. In the area above the horizontal, the radiation is deflected slightly downward. At both surfaces 42 and 44 of the lower two projections, the radiation exits the defoaming body again. The radiation 64 is deflected downward. The overlying protrusions are formed so that the radiation exits downwardly only at the upper surface 68, with corresponding refraction, and not at the lower surface 70. The wedge angles of the protrusions are correspondingly acute, causing the entire radiation to be deflected downwardly. The overlying topmost projections, in turn, are formed so that the radiation impinges on the top surface 72 at an angle below which total reflection occurs. The radiation is thus totally reflected at the upper surface 72 and emerges with refraction at the lower surface 74 of the projection. In this way, the steeply upwardly radiated radiation components 76 are deflected from the light source 60 without further mirrors or other optical elements down. The entire radiation of the light source is emitted comparatively evenly down to a preferred angle range.

It can be seen that not only large-area bulbs can be used as a light source, but also bulbs with very small burners and crystal clear pistons, such as high-pressure lamps, metal halide lamps or sodium vapor lamps with short burner technology. However, the arrangement is still suitable with fluorescent lamps that radiate over a large area. Due to the heat resistance of the material, the lamps can also work with powers up to 200W.

FIG. 5 shows the effect of the cylindrical lenses on the radiation of a punctiform light source 78. In the plan view of Figure 5, a segment of the anti-glare 14 is shown. On the inside of Entblendkörpers 14 cylindrical lenses 80 are formed. The cylindrical lenses 80 have a radius of 2.9 mm. The axis of curvature 82 extends parallel to the axis of symmetry of the anti-glare body, which in the present case coincides with the position of the point light source 78. Along the Inner surface of the Endblendkörpers 14, a plurality of cylindrical lenses are arranged. Between the cylindrical lenses in each case an oppositely curved connection point with a radius of 0.5 mm is provided at the transition. The cylindrical lenses act as a converging lens and focus the radiation from the light source 78 in a plurality of likewise perpendicular lines 84. Otherwise, the radiation remains evenly distributed along the circumference. The use of the cylindrical lenses has the advantage that even if the viewer receives direct insight into the light source, when he sees from a certain angle in the bulb, only a part of the radiation is illuminated. Namely, the radiation is distributed to a plurality of points. The glare is significantly reduced. The bulb is optically broadened.

FIG. 6 shows how the radiation 86, which strikes a prism 88 from a small angular range, is totally reflected at surfaces 90 and 92 and emitted laterally 94. This effect can be used to block the radiation in certain directions and to deflect it in a desired direction.

In Figure 7, an auxiliary aperture 96 is shown, which is composed of 5 such prisms. The inner sides 98 of the prisms run essentially along a circular arc whose axis of curvature coincides with the axis of curvature of the anti-glare body (not shown). With the auxiliary panel 96, radiation that falls in an undesired direction, for example on the house facade along a street, can be deflected in a desired direction, for example along the street. In the example shown, the mean angular range of 86.6 ° remains free of radiation.

In Figure 8, an arrangement is shown in which a glare by means of cylindrical lenses 100 takes place and an auxiliary aperture 102 is provided. It can be seen that the effects are essentially retained even when they are combined. In this case, the auxiliary diaphragm 102 can be provided with cylindrical lenses 104, as shown in Fig.9.

A defoaming in a further embodiment is instead of plastic glass, eg RÖHM Hw55, a PMMA mixture with polycarbonate portions and a service temperature of about 105 ° C, or pure PMMA or OROGLAS HT 121 made. Then, a glass cylinder 108 may be provided as a heat shield between the plastic anti-glare body 106 and the lighting means 110 (FIG. 10). The cylindrical lenses are formed in this two-part variant of the glass body. The anti-dazzle body 106 made of plastic also has projections which form a zigzag-shaped profile. Also on this profile, the radiation is totally reflected or broken down. However, the profiling is located on the inside of the anti-glare body. The outside is smooth. To produce this defoaming body several segments are produced, which are then joined together. Each segment is first pressed flat and then bent.

In the following figures, a device is shown in which the profiling is provided on the inside of the anti-glare body.

11 shows a section of a vertical section through a shielding body 112. The outer side 114 of the shielding body is smooth. The inside 116 of the anti-glare body is profiled like a prism. It can be seen that the angle 118 relative to the horizontal 120 increases towards the bottom. In this way, the radiation is concentrated in a selected direction. The profiling is aligned with the lamp axis 122.

12 shows a plan blank 124 in a perspective view. On one side 126 of the blank 124 prisms are formed. On the opposite side 128 cylindrical lenses are formed. The prisms extend in a direction perpendicular to the axis of curvature of the cylindrical lens on the surface of the blank 124. From this blank 124, a defoaming body 112 can be made by bending. A slightly bent blank 130 is shown in Fig. 13. The axis of curvature extends perpendicular to the roof edge 132 of the prisms and parallel to the envelope of the surface of the blank. In Fig. 14, the blank 134 is completely bent. The roof edges 136 of the original prisms now form a 120 ° segment of a circle. FIGS. 15 to 18 show how a blanking body is assembled from the bent blank 134. For this purpose, a connecting rail 140 is provided with H-shaped cross-section. The rail is pushed onto the edges of the blank 134. In the present embodiment, three blanks 134, 142 and 144 assembled by means of rails 140 to a defoaming. This is shown in FIG. 16. The blank 134 is externally provided with cylindrical lenses whose axes of curvature is parallel to the axis of curvature of the blank. The assembled into a cylinder blanks 134, 142 and 144 are placed on a support 146 and bolted there or otherwise secured. The carrier 146 also serves to secure the socket 148 for the illuminant 150. The illuminant is arranged centrally within the assembled antiglare body. This is shown in FIG. 17. In Fig. 18, the arrangement is shown in a different perspective. The anti-glare body 112 is made of plastic, for example polycarbonate or PMMA. In order to prevent the lamp transmits too much heat to the plastic and this yellows or otherwise damaged, coaxially between the anti-glare body 112 and the lamp 150, a glass cylinder 152 is arranged, which is also held by the carrier 146.

Instead of bending a blank as described above as a whole, also a blank with prismatic profiles can be beveled from a flat plate to predetermined bending points faceted to a defoaming. This is shown in FIGS. 19 to 21. The result is an externally smooth, prismatic shape with e.g. 12 edges. The flat sides 153 of the blanks can also be smooth on the outside or, as shown in the detail in FIG. 20 on the basis of part 156, can be provided with cylindrical lenses. In this figure, intended for bending under heat influence predetermined kinks are clearly visible as a groove. Similar to the anti-dazzle device according to the preceding figures, the anti-dazzle device 153 can be arranged on a support 158 around a light-emitting means 160 and a glass cylinder 162.

The arrangements with inwardly directed prism-like profiles are particularly suitable for large-area lamps, such as ellipsoidal luminaires, large-area sodium steam lamps or fluorescent lamps.

Claims (16)

Device for blinding outdoor lights comprising a substantially cylindrical, translucent defoaming body with a surface which is profiled in a zigzag shape in the axial direction, so that the radiation of a luminous means which impinges on the deflagration body is deflectable in a desired direction,
characterized in that
the wedge-shaped projections of the zigzag profile are formed in a first region in such a way that the radiation of the luminous means is totally reflected in the desired direction when passing through the antiglare body and the wedge-shaped projections of the zigzag profile are formed in a second region such that the radiation of the luminous means passes through is broken by the anti-glare body in the desired direction. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-glare body is integrally formed. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the zigzag profile is provided on the outside of the anti-glare body. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anti-glare body is made of glass. Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the Entblendkörper is internally conical. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that cylindrical inner lenses are integrally formed on the defibrillator, the axes of curvature extending in the axial direction. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the zigzag profile is provided on the inside of the anti-glare body. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the anti-glare body is made of plastic, in particular PMMA or polycarbonate. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that a translucent heat shield is provided in the inner volume of the anti-glare body. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the heat shield is formed by a cylindrical glass body arranged coaxially with the anti-glare body. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that cylindrical lenses are formed on the inside of the heat shield, whose axes of curvature extend in the axial direction. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an auxiliary diaphragm is provided outside the anti-dazzle body for glare-screening of selected angular ranges in the circumferential direction. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the auxiliary panel comprises prisms whose roof edge extends in the axial direction and which are positioned side by side in the circumferential direction. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anti-glare body is formed asymmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation. Outdoor luminaire comprising a luminous means and a device arranged coaxially with the luminous means according to one of the preceding claims. Process for producing a substantially cylindrical, translucent defoaming body having a surface which is profiled zigzag on the inside in the axial direction, characterized by the steps: (a) pressing a translucent plastic into a planar shape with a zigzag-shaped surface, (b) bending the mold prepared in (a) such that a segment of the anti-glare body is formed, (c) joining two or more segments together to form a complete anti-glare body.

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