EP2145028B1 - Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production - Google Patents

Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2145028B1
EP2145028B1 EP08736446A EP08736446A EP2145028B1 EP 2145028 B1 EP2145028 B1 EP 2145028B1 EP 08736446 A EP08736446 A EP 08736446A EP 08736446 A EP08736446 A EP 08736446A EP 2145028 B1 EP2145028 B1 EP 2145028B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amalgam
spheres
tin
powder
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08736446A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2145028A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Ptaschek
Calogero Di Vincenzo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Umicore AG and Co KG filed Critical Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority to PL08736446T priority Critical patent/PL2145028T3/pl
Priority to EP08736446A priority patent/EP2145028B1/fr
Publication of EP2145028A1 publication Critical patent/EP2145028A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2145028B1 publication Critical patent/EP2145028B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C7/00—Alloys based on mercury
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J61/28—Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to amalgam beads for the introduction of mercury in modern energy-saving lamps.
  • Modern energy-saving lamps of the TFL (Tube Fluorescent Lamp) or CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) type belong to the low-pressure gas discharge lamps. They consist of a gas discharge flask filled with a mixture of mercury vapor and argon and internally coated with a fluorescent phosphor. The ultraviolet radiation of mercury emitted during operation is converted from fluorescence coating to visible light by the phosphor coating. The lamps are therefore also referred to as fluorescent lamps.
  • the mercury required for the operation of the lamps was formerly metered as liquid metal into the gas discharge flask.
  • the US 4,145,634 describes the use of Amalgampellets with 36 at% indium, which contain high liquid content even at room temperature because of the high mercury content.
  • the pellets tend to stick together when they get in contact with each other. By coating the pellets with suitable materials in powder form, this can be prevented.
  • Stable metal oxides titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide
  • graphite glass powder
  • phosphors phosphors
  • borax antimony oxide and metal powders that do not form an amalgam with mercury (aluminum, iron and chromium) are suggested.
  • the WO 94/18692 describes the use of pellets of zinc amalgam with 5 to 60, preferably 40 to 60 wt .-%, mercury.
  • For the production of spheroid Amalgampellets is in the US 4,216,178 described method used in which the molten amalgam by a vibrated spout nozzle into small Drop is divided and cooled in a cooling medium below the solidification temperature.
  • the pellets are in accordance with WO 94/18692 not coated.
  • amalgam balls from the melt the amalgam must be heated to a temperature at which the amalgam is completely melted. This is guaranteed with a zinc amalgam only at a temperature above 420 ° C with certainty. These high processing temperatures necessitate corresponding safety precautions because of the high mercury vapor pressure due to the toxicity of the mercury.
  • the JP 2000251836 describes the use of amalgam cells of tin amalgam for the production of fluorescent lamps.
  • the tin amalgam preferably has only a low mercury content with a tin / mercury atomic ratio of between 90-80: 10-20. This corresponds to a mercury content of 15.8 to 29.7 wt .-%.
  • the JP 2000251836 Does not give any information about how the amalgam spherical pellets are made.
  • amalgam balls of a Zinnamalgam which has a mercury content between 30 and 70 wt .-%.
  • the amalgam spheres preferably have a mercury content of from 30 to 60 and in particular from 40 to 55% by weight.
  • the balls can look like one in the EP 1381485 B1 described method are prepared from a melt of the amalgam. This is completely melted Amalgam dripped into a cooling medium with a temperature below the solidification temperature of the amalgam. Preferably, the temperature of the cooling medium is 10 to 20 ° C below the liquidus temperature of the amalgam. It is advantageous here that Zinnamalgame completely melt even at temperatures below 230 ° C. The expense of ensuring job security in the production of tin amalgam balls is therefore significantly lower than in the case of zinc amalgam balls.
  • the cooling medium used is preferably a mineral, an organic or a synthetic oil.
  • Well proven has a silicone oil. After formation of the amalgam balls in the cooling medium, they are separated from the cooling medium and degreased.
  • amalgam spheres with diameters between 50 and 2000, preferably between 500 and 1500 microns are suitable.
  • the tendency of the amalgam beads to stick together can be largely suppressed if the degreased beads are coated with a metal or alloy powder which forms an amalgam with mercury. Due to the amalgamation of the metal powder, a surface layer with a low mercury content is formed on the spheres, which no longer contains any liquid phases at the usual processing temperatures of the amalgam spheres and thus prevents the adhesion tendency from the untreated spheres.
  • the metal or alloy powder used for the coating should not contain particles with a grain diameter greater than 100 ⁇ m. Particles with larger grain diameters amalgamate only incomplete and lead to a rough surface of the balls, which makes it difficult to meter the balls. Preference is given to a metal or alloy powder whose powder particles have a particle diameter of less than 80 microns. Particularly preferred are metal or alloy powders having an average particle diameter d 50 between 5 and 15 microns. Suitable metals have been found to be tin and zinc or an alloy of tin or zinc. Tin or a tin alloy are preferred. Good results have been obtained with alloys of tin with silver and copper, especially with the alloy SnAg3Cu0.5.
  • the balls can be presented for example in a rotating vessel and sprinkled with continuous circulation with the metal or alloy powder until no sticking of the balls is more detectable.
  • the amount of metal or alloy powder applied here to the amalgam beads is between 1 and 10, preferably between 2 and 4,% by weight, based on the weight of the amalgam beads.
  • a further reduction in the tendency to sticking is obtained when the amalgam spheres are additionally coated, after coating with the metal or alloy powder, with a powder of a metal oxide in an amount of 0.001 to 1, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 and in particular in an amount of 0, 1 wt .-%, based on the weight of the amalgam balls are coated.
  • a powder of a metal oxide in an amount of 0.001 to 1, preferably 0.01 to 0.5 and in particular in an amount of 0, 1 wt .-%, based on the weight of the amalgam balls are coated.
  • Suitable metal oxides for this coating are, for example, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon oxide and aluminum oxide. Preference is given to using an aluminum oxide produced by flame pyrolysis with an average particle size of less than 5, preferably less than 1 micron.
  • the applied powder layers improve the handling of the amalgam balls with dosing machines.
  • the amalgam spheres can be on average for up to three hours at room temperature before they are filled in a fluorescent lamp. It has been found that the coated with metal or alloy powder and metal oxide powder amalgam balls survive the mean residence time of 3 hours at temperatures up to 40 ° C in dosing without complaint. If only one of the two layers applied, it comes even before the average duration of residence of 3 hours to isolated separation of the applied layers.
  • the following table shows calculated values for the total mass (Sn + Hg) and the mercury mass (Hg) of tin amalgam spheres depending on the diameter of the spheres and for tin amalgams with mercury contents between 20 and 50 wt .-%.
  • the table also shows the densities p of the different amalgams used in the calculations.
  • amalgam spheres made from a SnHg50 containing 50% by weight of mercury contain about three times the mass of mercury, such as amalgam spheres made of SnHg20 with only 20% by weight of mercury.

Claims (13)

  1. Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à fluorescence, les billes d'amalgame contenant un amalgame de zinc avec une teneur en mercure comprise entre 30 et 70 % en poids,
    caractérisées en ce que
    les billes sont revêtues d'une poudre métallique ou d'une poudre d'alliage qui forme un amalgame avec le mercure.
  2. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 1, caractérisées en ce que les particules de poudre sont des grains d'un diamètre inférieur à 100 µm.
  3. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 2, caractérisées en ce que la poudre de métal ou d'alliage est constituée d'étain, de zinc ou d'un alliage d'étain ou de zinc.
  4. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 3, caractérisées en ce que les billes d'amalgame sont revêtues de la poudre de métal ou d'alliage à raison de 1 à 10 % en poids par rapport à leur poids.
  5. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 4, caractérisées en ce que les billes d'amalgame sont de plus revêtues d'une poudre d'oxyde métallique à raison de 0,001 à 1 % en poids.
  6. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 5, caractérisées en ce que la poudre de métal ou d'alliage est constituée d'étain ou d'un alliage d'étain.
  7. Billes d'amalgame selon la revendication 6, caractérisées en ce que la poudre de métal ou d'alliage est constituée d'un alliage d'étain avec l'argent et le cuivre.
  8. Billes d'amalgame selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisées en ce que le diamètre des billes est compris entre 50 et 2 000 µm.
  9. Procédé de fabrication des billes d'alliage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'amalgame est complètement fondu et le bain de fusion est versé goutte à goutte dans un fluide de refroidissement dont la température est inférieure à la température de solidification de l'amalgame, les billes d'amalgame ainsi formées étant ensuite séparées du fluide de refroidissement.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il utilise une huile minérale, organique ou synthétique comme fluide de refroidissement.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les billes d'amalgame sont dégraissées après avoir été séparées du fluide de refroidissement et sont dispersées à température ambiante par recirculation permanente avec une poudre de métal ou d'alliage qui forme avec le mercure un amalgame jusqu'à ce que l'on constate que les billes n'adhèrent plus les uns aux autres.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les billes d'amalgame sont de plus revêtues d'une poudre d'oxyde métallique dans une étape ultérieure, avec recirculation permanente.
  13. Utilisation des billes d'amalgame selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 pour la fabrication de lampes à fluorescence.
EP08736446A 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production Not-in-force EP2145028B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08736446T PL2145028T3 (pl) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Kulki amalgamatu do lamp energooszczędnych i sposób ich wytwarzania
EP08736446A EP2145028B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07008717A EP1985717B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Boules d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur fabrication
PCT/EP2008/054839 WO2008132089A1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production
EP08736446A EP2145028B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2145028A1 EP2145028A1 (fr) 2010-01-20
EP2145028B1 true EP2145028B1 (fr) 2010-07-07

Family

ID=38535273

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07008717A Not-in-force EP1985717B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Boules d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur fabrication
EP08736446A Not-in-force EP2145028B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2008-04-22 Billes d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur production

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07008717A Not-in-force EP1985717B1 (fr) 2007-04-28 2007-04-28 Boules d'amalgame pour lampes à économie d'énergie et leur fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US8497622B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1985717B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP5193285B2 (fr)
CN (2) CN101960027B (fr)
AT (2) ATE514797T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502008000912D1 (fr)
PL (2) PL1985717T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008132089A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9263245B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2016-02-16 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Amalgam balls having an alloy coating
US9324555B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2016-04-26 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and their production

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN102892925A (zh) * 2010-04-09 2013-01-23 现代照明技术有限公司 机械镀覆的丸粒和制造方法
DE202011110608U1 (de) 2011-03-09 2015-02-23 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Legierungen
CN102329979A (zh) * 2011-08-13 2012-01-25 何志明 一种富汞型锑锡汞合金
CN102626781B (zh) * 2012-03-26 2014-04-16 上海亚尔光源有限公司 一种锌锡汞齐颗粒及其制备方法和应用
CN102626783B (zh) * 2012-03-26 2014-02-12 上海亚尔光源有限公司 一种锡汞齐颗粒及其制备方法和应用
CN102626782B (zh) * 2012-03-26 2014-07-16 上海亚尔光源有限公司 一种锌汞齐颗粒及其制备工艺和用途
CN104148628B (zh) * 2013-05-13 2017-02-08 上海亚尔光源有限公司 一种汞齐涂粉工艺
WO2015021183A1 (fr) * 2013-08-06 2015-02-12 Advanced Lighting Technologies, Inc. Composés intermétalliques permettant de libérer le mercure
CN103730307B (zh) * 2013-12-17 2016-09-07 家雄灯饰（濮阳）有限公司 节能灯全自动注汞封口装置
CN108998691A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-12-14 中国地质大学（北京） 一种无害化处理液态汞的方法

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9324555B2 (en) 2007-04-28 2016-04-26 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Amalgam spheres for energy-saving lamps and their production
US9263245B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2016-02-16 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Amalgam balls having an alloy coating
US9659762B2 (en) 2011-03-09 2017-05-23 Umicore Ag & Co. Kg Amalgam balls having an alloy coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101960027A (zh) 2011-01-26
US8497622B2 (en) 2013-07-30
US20100130092A1 (en) 2010-05-27
DE502008000912D1 (de) 2010-08-19
JP2013069700A (ja) 2013-04-18
WO2008132089A1 (fr) 2008-11-06
US20140009059A1 (en) 2014-01-09
JP5193285B2 (ja) 2013-05-08
ATE473307T1 (de) 2010-07-15
ATE514797T1 (de) 2011-07-15
PL1985717T3 (pl) 2011-11-30
EP1985717A1 (fr) 2008-10-29
JP5599449B2 (ja) 2014-10-01
CN103194638A (zh) 2013-07-10
EP2145028A1 (fr) 2010-01-20
CN101960027B (zh) 2013-05-01
JP2010527097A (ja) 2010-08-05
EP1985717B1 (fr) 2011-06-29
PL2145028T3 (pl) 2010-12-31
US9324555B2 (en) 2016-04-26

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