EP2137045A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung schneller änderungen des innendrucks in einem geschlossenen raum - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung schneller änderungen des innendrucks in einem geschlossenen raumInfo
- Publication number
- EP2137045A1 EP2137045A1 EP08734402A EP08734402A EP2137045A1 EP 2137045 A1 EP2137045 A1 EP 2137045A1 EP 08734402 A EP08734402 A EP 08734402A EP 08734402 A EP08734402 A EP 08734402A EP 2137045 A1 EP2137045 A1 EP 2137045A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- air
- control
- internal pressure
- control valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
- B61D27/0009—Means for controlling or equalizing air pressure shocks in trains, e.g. when passing or crossing in tunnels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
- Y10T137/0396—Involving pressure control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
- Y10T137/2544—Supply and exhaust type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of claim 7.
- the technical problem of the invention is therefore to design the methods and devices described at the outset in such a way that, in particular, rapid changes in internal pressure are avoided without great effort and thus impairments of the persons in the closed spaces can be avoided.
- the invention is based on the idea of at least partially compensating for a rapid change in pressure in the form of a negative pressure, induced from the outside in the closed space, by supplying a corresponding quantity of air to the space.
- a corresponding amount of air is taken from the room during the sudden occurrence of overpressure.
- the regulation of the internal pressure takes place so that pressure changes take place at a preselected pressure change rate. This makes it possible to protect the people in the room from unpleasant, affecting the ride comfort pressure changes.
- the supply or discharge of the air by means of a positive or negative pressure vessel, whereby the application of expensive blower, pumps od. Like. Can be avoided.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a complete internal pressure control for a closed space
- Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a control device for an internal pressure control of Fig. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows schematically an exemplary embodiment of only partial internal pressure control for a closed space
- FIG. 4 shows examples of possible pressure profiles in the body of a track-bound vehicle during a journey through a tunnel
- FIG. 5 shows, in a representation corresponding to FIG. 4, the pressure curve in a comparatively poorly sealed space when using an internal pressure control according to the invention.
- Fig. 6 is a representation corresponding to FIG. 5 for the pressure curve in a comparatively well-sealed space when using an internal pressure control according to the invention.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a presently considered best mode of the invention, which allows a complete internal pressure control irrespective of whether the external air pressure is greater or less than the air pressure in the space under consideration.
- the air pressure is to be controlled in a closed space 1, the passenger compartment of a high-speed train, z.
- a magnetic levitation vehicle forms and is surrounded by a vehicle wall 2.
- space 1 may be both well sealed and less well sealed, depending on its quality, age or other circumstances, as will be apparent from the further description.
- at least one respective pressure sensor 3 and 4 is arranged both in the space 1 and outside thereof (referred to herein as the "external environment of the space 1"), by means of which the air pressure in the space 1 (hereinafter referred to briefly as internal pressure ) and the air pressure in the external environment (hereinafter referred to simply as external pressure).
- At least one each pressure vessel 5 and a vacuum container 6 are provided, both either directly in the room 1 or outside of the room 1, z. B. in an adjacent passenger compartment or in a separated area from the room 1 can be arranged, but how the room 1 is a part of the considered vehicle.
- the overpressure container 5 is provided with a control valve 7, through which, possibly via at least one connected line, compressed air can flow from the overpressure container 5 into the space 1.
- the vacuum container 6 is provided with a control valve 8, through which, possibly via at least one connected line, air from the space 1 in the vacuum tank 6 can flow.
- the speed with which the control valves 7, 8 are traversed by the air can be adjusted by controlling the opening cross sections of the control valves 7, 8, preferably by means of electrical control signals which are supplied to an electric or electromagnetic actuator of the control valves 7, 8.
- the pressure vessel 5 is connected via a line 9 with a leading to the external environment, formed in the vehicle wall 2 opening od with a flap 10.
- line 9 is a fan or compressor 11, with which the pressure vessel 5 can be filled with open flap 10 to reach a preselected pressure with compressed air.
- the vacuum tank 6 is connected via a line 12 with a leading to the external environment, formed in the vehicle wall 2 opening od with a flap 14. The like. Pressure-tight can be closed.
- line 12 is a pump 15, with which the vacuum container 6 can be evacuated with the flap 14 open until reaching a preselected negative pressure.
- Fig. 1 device includes a regulator 16 which is connected to the two sensors 3, 4 and the two control valves 7, 8 and this in Depending on the determined inner and outer pressures controls so that either by means of the pressure vessel 5 deliberately introduced an additional amount of air into the room 1 or by means of the vacuum tank 6 targeted an excess amount of air from the room 1 is deducted.
- a regulator 16 which is connected to the two sensors 3, 4 and the two control valves 7, 8 and this in Depending on the determined inner and outer pressures controls so that either by means of the pressure vessel 5 deliberately introduced an additional amount of air into the room 1 or by means of the vacuum tank 6 targeted an excess amount of air from the room 1 is deducted.
- the control valve 7 is opened and air is admitted from the overpressure container 5 into the space 1.
- the control valve 8 is more or less widely opened, thereby air from the space 1 in the vacuum tank 6 to escape and thereby at least partially compensate for a pressure increase in the room 1. As a result, it is also possible to react very quickly to an increase in the external pressure.
- control valves 7, 8 always react in response to the once established control behavior of the device in the same way to differences between the external and internal pressure in order to keep these differences as small as possible.
- the rate of change of the internal pressure is limited at least to such a value that is compatible with the compatibility limit of the passengers. This avoids an abrupt pressure equalization according to the possible rapid fluctuations of the external pressure and ensures that no unpleasant pressure on the ears of the passengers can act. This is especially true for short-term, only a few seconds lasting pressure fluctuations od with large, sluggish fans, pumps. Like. Not be compensated.
- the control valves 7, 8 are closed, the flaps 10, 14 open and the pressure vessel 5, 6 filled with the help of the fans 11 and pumps 15 to reach a preselected positive or negative pressures again with air or evacuated. Subsequently, the flaps 10, 14 can be closed again. Since a control process normally needs to be done only in relatively large time intervals, z. B. in successive tunnel passages, the fans 11 and 15 pumps can be dimensioned comparatively small. In addition, the flaps 10, 14 need only be electrically or by other means in each case an open and closed position be brought, ie, a regulation of their respective opening cross-section is not required.
- the controller 16 forms together with the sensors 3 and 4, the control valves 7 and 8 and the containers 5 and 6, a control device according to the invention and can be designed according to Fig. 1 in principle, in any case, ie in particular operated electronically, pneumatically or otherwise.
- the controller 16 is formed, for example, as shown in FIG. Thereafter, it contains a connected to the sensors 3, 4 control device 18, in addition to the sensor signals and other information such. For example, those may be supplied which indicate the driving speed, the position of the vehicle, the route profile (eg gradient or gradient sections in the travel path) or the like.
- a favorable setpoint curve which is preferably previously calculated on the basis of the known course of the route, is generated in the control device 18 and output at an output 19 of the control device 18.
- the regulation is therefore not based on a fixed, but on the basis of a time-variable setpoint.
- the desired value curve is constantly compared with the respective actual value of the internal pressure by means of a comparator 20, to which the output signals of the sensor 3 are also supplied.
- the difference between the two values is supplied to a control module 21 which, depending on the case, emits an actuating signal at an output 22 connected to the control valve 7 or at an output 23 connected to the control valve 8. With the help of these control signals, the control valves 7, 8 are adjusted so that the desired pressure compensation is obtained.
- the setpoint values at the output 19 are thus time-variable reference variables which ensure that the control valves 7, 8 are opened at any time as far as is desired in order to achieve a preselected pressure change rate in the space 1.
- the time-varying desired pressure curve is preferably selected such that, under all circumstances, any given comfort criteria (eg UIC 660) are observed.
- the device according to Fig. 1 allows at any time an active control of the internal pressure in the space 1 against both increased and reduced external pressures.
- Such a case can be z.
- the pressure compensation in such a case except with the aid of the device according to Fig. 1 also with the aid of a device according to Fig. 3, are provided in the same parts with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1, accelerated.
- the vehicle wall 2 here only has an opening 25 leading to the external environment, which opening can be opened more or less widely with a control valve 26.
- a control device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be used for regulating the position of the control valve 26, a control device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be used.
- the sensors 3 and 4 report a comparatively large pressure difference at the tunnel end or in an underground station.
- the regulator 16 opens the control valve 26 such that a pressure equalization between outside and inside, while adhering to the UIC criteria or other rules, but still with a pressure change rate, which is much greater than would result if the assumed tight Room 1 would be left to itself. In this way, the waiting time to open the vehicle doors essential and z. B. be reduced to a few seconds, which is barely perceived by the passengers.
- FIG. 4 to 6 show, by way of example, some possible pressure curves, wherein the time along the abscissa and the pressure along the ordinate are plotted in arbitrary units.
- pN indicates the normal external pressure in the external environment
- the z. B. on a free, traversed by a train route prevails.
- Fig. 4 it is assumed that a train moves with a space 1 of FIG. 1 having car body along a predetermined distance and enter at a time tl in a tunnel A.
- the external pressure drops abruptly along a dashed line 28 to a comparatively low value pl, the z. B.
- the leak of the room 1 also means that after the stop of the train in the station B at the time t4 the indoor track increases comparatively quickly back to the normal pressure pN and reaches it approximately at a time t6, so that the vehicle doors at the time t6 can be opened easily.
- FIG. 4 the course of the internal pressure in a space 1, which is comparatively well sealed, is shown by way of example along dotted lines 32 and 33.
- dotted lines 32 and 33 the course of the internal pressure in a space 1, which is comparatively well sealed.
- the vehicle doors must not be opened either at the time t4 or at the time t6, because at these times the passengers are in danger of pressure shock. Rather, it is necessary to wait until the internal pressure approximately at time t7 has approached the external pressure pN sufficiently.
- After leaving the tunnel A can be achieved by closing the control valve 7 and opening the control valve 8 that temporarily air from the space 1 flows into the vacuum tank 6 and thereby an abrupt increase in the internal pressure is reduced to the value pN. Also in this case, the scheme is carried out expediently taking into account the comfort limits.
- FIG. 6 shows the influence of a device according to FIG. 3 on the pressure curve in a well-sealed space 1, wherein the same conditions as in FIG. 4 result in the area of the tunnel A (curves 28, 29 and 32, 33). Since here in the area of the tunnel A the comfort limit is not exceeded, an internal pressure control is not required. In contrast, in this case, an internal pressure control in the tunnel B using the apparatus of FIG. 3 is appropriate. As curve 33 shows, no special measures are required until about time t4. At the time t4, however, the internal pressure with a value p5 is still considerably smaller than the external pressure pN in the station B and when the vehicle is at a standstill. Therefore, according to the invention now the control valve 26 is opened in Fig.
- the control is also used in this case to such a control of the opening state of the control valve 26 that the pressure change rate does not exceed the comfort limit, but the increase of the internal pressure z. B. along a solid curve 36 in Fig. 6 takes place.
- the rate of pressure change is chosen so that the required pressure equalization is completed at about time t8, which is substantially closer to time t4 (stop of the vehicle at station B) than time t7. Therefore, the vehicle doors can be opened already at time t8, without causing the passengers an unpleasant pressure on the ears.
- Control device is also applicable in cases in which short-term or minor leaks are present in the room 1.
- the methods and devices according to the invention can not be applied only to closed spaces of vehicles. Similar problems may also occur in connection with stationary rooms such. B. associated with laboratories that are used for biological or chemical purposes. Although there is usually not the requirement that such rapid pressure changes must be avoided, which are perceived by the people working in the lab as unpleasant. However, it must often be ensured that the temporary opening of a door or a Regardless of whether a lock od. Like. Is present, does not cause air containing harmful substances such. B. bacteria or viruses is added, escapes from such a room to the outside or vice versa enters the room from the outside. With the aid of the device according to FIG.
- the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, which can be modified in many ways. This applies in particular to the size and the number of pressure vessels 5 and 6 provided per room 1. Particularly in the case of larger rooms, it may be expedient to provide a plurality of containers 5 and / or 6 in order to introduce or extract the air at various points. It is also possible to use for the openings provided in the walls of the room (for example 25 in Fig. 3) the openings which are already present in rooms with air-conditioning systems (eg 25 in Fig. 3), and if necessary these openings to provide with control valves. In addition, it is expedient to close any existing other openings during those times in which the described control device works.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007019014A DE102007019014A1 (de) | 2007-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung schneller Änderungen des Innendrucks in einem geschlossenen Raum |
PCT/DE2008/000464 WO2008128492A1 (de) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-03-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung schneller änderungen des innendrucks in einem geschlossenen raum |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2137045A1 true EP2137045A1 (de) | 2009-12-30 |
EP2137045B1 EP2137045B1 (de) | 2011-07-06 |
Family
ID=39671574
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20080734402 Active EP2137045B1 (de) | 2007-04-18 | 2008-03-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung schneller änderungen des innendrucks in einem geschlossenen raum |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100101656A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2137045B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101657346B (de) |
AT (1) | ATE515419T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102007019014A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2369118T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008128492A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010033515A1 (de) | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-09 | Gm Global Technology Operations Llc (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vermeiden des Eindringens von Fremdpartikeln in einen Fahrzeuginnenraum |
DE102011081070A1 (de) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur aktiven Druckregelung in Schienenfahrzeugen |
KR101887360B1 (ko) * | 2013-10-31 | 2018-08-10 | 가부시키가이샤 후지킨 | 압력식 유량 제어 장치 |
DE102015101522A1 (de) * | 2015-02-03 | 2016-08-04 | Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Regelung von mindestens einem Stellglied eines Druckschutzsystems für ein Schienenfahrzeug |
CN108839662A (zh) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-20 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | 一种轨道车辆车内压力保护方法、装置及系统 |
CN109747673B (zh) * | 2019-03-01 | 2021-02-05 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | 一种车内压力调节装置及调节方法 |
EP3950459A4 (de) * | 2019-03-27 | 2022-10-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Lüftungsvorrichtung für schienenfahrzeuge |
CN110395284A (zh) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-01 | 常州大学 | 一种高速地铁列车车内压力智能控制系统 |
CN112286264A (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-29 | 深圳永晟中业达健康科技有限公司 | 一种低压舱的控制方法及系统 |
CN113602939B (zh) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-10-25 | 嘉兴市特种设备检验检测院 | 适于检测高速电梯运行轿厢内气压的检测方法 |
CN114563187B (zh) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-12 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | 气候实验室飞机发动机开车试验室内压力控制装置及方法 |
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-
2007
- 2007-04-18 DE DE102007019014A patent/DE102007019014A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-03-20 AT AT08734402T patent/ATE515419T1/de active
- 2008-03-20 EP EP20080734402 patent/EP2137045B1/de active Active
- 2008-03-20 ES ES08734402T patent/ES2369118T3/es active Active
- 2008-03-20 WO PCT/DE2008/000464 patent/WO2008128492A1/de active Application Filing
- 2008-03-20 US US12/593,017 patent/US20100101656A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-20 CN CN2008800123771A patent/CN101657346B/zh active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2008128492A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100101656A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
CN101657346B (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
DE102007019014A1 (de) | 2008-10-23 |
EP2137045B1 (de) | 2011-07-06 |
CN101657346A (zh) | 2010-02-24 |
ATE515419T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
WO2008128492A1 (de) | 2008-10-30 |
ES2369118T3 (es) | 2011-11-25 |
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