EP2113602A1 - Waschmaschine mit Wasserlaufsystem - Google Patents

Waschmaschine mit Wasserlaufsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2113602A1
EP2113602A1 EP08162660A EP08162660A EP2113602A1 EP 2113602 A1 EP2113602 A1 EP 2113602A1 EP 08162660 A EP08162660 A EP 08162660A EP 08162660 A EP08162660 A EP 08162660A EP 2113602 A1 EP2113602 A1 EP 2113602A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
pipe
inlet
brine
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08162660A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2113602B1 (de
Inventor
Chunhua Cao
Peishi Lv
Sheng Xu
Song Gai
Yuling Chen
Zeheng Li
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Haier Group Corp
Qingdao Haier Washing Machine Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Haier Group Corp
Qingdao Haier Washing Machine Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP2113602A1 publication Critical patent/EP2113602A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2113602B1 publication Critical patent/EP2113602B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/10—Filtering arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/007—Arrangements of water softeners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
    • D06F39/083—Liquid discharge or recirculation arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/14—Supply, recirculation or draining of washing liquid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2103/00—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2103/42—Parameters monitored or detected for the control of domestic laundry washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers related to filters or pumps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F2105/00—Systems or parameters controlled or affected by the control systems of washing machines, washer-dryers or laundry dryers
    • D06F2105/34—Filtering, e.g. control of lint removal devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing machine with a waterway system.
  • the washing method of CN99800057 has the technical feature: washing water comprising alkali metal ion and at least one of carbonate ion and bicarbonate ion is softened in one hand, and the washing items are washed simultaneously in the other hand.
  • washing water in the washing chamber is softened using the following method: washing items and washing water with alkali metal ion and at least one of carbonate ion and bicarbonate ion are together bought into the washing chamber to bond the calcium ion or magnesium ion with the carbonate ion or bicarbonate ion and separate out the calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate to soften the washing water.
  • the technical scheme disclosed in this patent is to make use of the electrolysis water as the washing water, meantime adding corresponding materials to finish the softening process. Additionally, the metal ions in the softener play the assistant role in the washing process.
  • CN00110127 discloses an electrochemical washing machine including a barrel and a water container respectively acting also as carriers of two electrodes, an electrochemical mechanism and an electric controller. It has the advantages of making the washing process, which includes the steps of softening water, emulsifying and decomposing oil dirt, rinse and disinfection, softening clothing and sizing, saving in time and cost by means of electrophoresis and electrolysis.
  • the especially electrochemical detergent has low cost, less consumption and less environmental pollution.
  • DE3640881 discloses a water softening system for washing machines and dishwashers with an integral electrochemical cell producing a regenerating electrolyte, especially involving an ion exchanger of a water softening installation is regenerated by using an electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte is produced by an electrochemical reaction in the working water of the water softening installation itself instead of adding an electrolyte.
  • the water supply to the water softening unit has a T-piece leading to a valve and a line to the washing medium container. A three-way valve can be opened towards line so that soft water can be passed through the washing medium in through line to the washing machine or dishwasher.
  • the water, enriched with hardness causing salts can be discharged via valve to the lines. This saves the necessity of having to dispose of water enriched with the substance which causes the hardness.
  • the regeneration is fully automatic.
  • the present invention is provided under the above background.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a washing machine with an improved waterway system.
  • the inventive washing machine has an improved waterway system with a softening-electrolysis waterway and regeneration-resin waterway.
  • a washing machine with improved waterway system said washing machine is comprising of the outer drum , inner drum, water-inlet system, water-outlet system and driving device along with controller, wherein, said water-inlet system is composed of softening-electrolysis waterway including softening device, electrolyzer and several sets of pipes; said water-inlet system is also composed of modifier-liquid measured waterway including metering valve, modifier-liquid supplier and several sets of pipes; said water-inlet system is further composed of ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway including regenerated-brine device and several sets of pipes.
  • the inlet of said water-inlet system is mounted with four-pass water-inlet valve, one end of which is connected to tap water inlet, the other end is set four controlled outlets connect to each end of four pipes respectively, wherein, one of said four pipes is connected to said modifier-liquid measured waterway, another one is connected to influent groove, the third one is connected to said softened electrolysis waterway, the last one is connected to said ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway.
  • Said modifier-liquid measured waterway is comprising metering valve, modifier-liquid supplier and several sets of pipes, the metering valve is connected to the modifier-liquid supplier by pipe, the inlet of metering valve is connected to said four-pass water-inlet valve by pipe, two outlet of metering valve are respectively connected to influent groove and said water-outlet system by pipes.
  • Said softening-electrolysis waterway is comprising softening device, electrolyzer and several sets of pipes, the water-inlet pipe of softening device is connected to four-pass water-inlet valve, the softened-water outlet of softening device is connected to electrolyzer, the wastewater outlet is connected to said water-outlet system by pipe, alkaline-electrolysis water outlet of electrolyzer is connected to influent groove by pipe, acid-electrolysis water outlet is connected to said water-outlet system by siphon.
  • Said ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway comprises regenerated-brine device and several sets of pipes, the water inlet of regenerated-brine device is connected to the four-pass water-inlet valve by pipe, the regenerated-brine outlet is connected to the regenerated-brine inlet of softening device, the overflow port is connected to said water-outlet system.
  • Said metering valve consists of inlet valve used for controlling the connection status of influent groove, modifier-liquid valve used for controlling the connection status of modifier-liquid supplier with metering valve and drain valve used for controlling the connection to said water-outlet system, air valve is set on the top of modifier-liquid supplier to control the air circulation.
  • Resin-storage chamber is set inside the softening device, inside the resin-storage chamber resin is held by bracket, said softened-water outlet and regenerated-brine inlet are set on the top of the softening device, close to the regenerated-brine inlet there set a floating ball used to shut down the regenerated-brine inlet, check valve is set at the waste-water outlet which is set on the lower part of the softening device, water-inlet pipe is set at the bottom of the softening device or the side close to the bottom.
  • Said regenerated-brine device comprises case, salt-storage through located in the upper space and brine-dissolved chamber formed by the remaining space of the regenerated-brine device, the water inlet and overflow port are respectively set on the two sides, the vertical height of above water inlet is higher than above overflow port, regenerated-brine outlet is set on the bottom of the case, at least one permeable hole is located around the salt-storage through, filter screen covers on said permeable hole.
  • water from said four-pass water-inlet valve gets into the softening device by pipe and gets touch with the ion-exchange-resin , rising water level to lift the floating ball to close regenerated-brine inlet, softened water passes through the softened-water outlet and is electrolyzed inside the electrolyzer; acid-electrolysis water is drained to the water-outlet system by siphon, alkaline-electrolysis water reaches the influent groove by alkaline-electrolysis water outlet, further flows into the inner drum of the washing machine.
  • Check valve is mounted at the wastewater outlet of softening device, alkaline-electrolysis water outlet and wastewater outlet of the electrolyzer is of pressure, when the drainage function of the acid-electrolysis water is of no effect, the acid-electrolysis water would be prevent from getting into the softening device and electrolyzer.
  • modifier-liquid could be sent to the influent groove by the modifier-liquid measured waterway after being measured.
  • Said modifier-liquid measured waterway consists of metering valve, this metering valve is composed of inlet valve, modifier-liquid valve and drain valve, the working scheme is as follow: open inlet valve firstly, then water from the four-pass water-inlet valve would clean the valve chamber of metering valve, wastewater is drained from drain valve; further open air valve and modifier-liquid valve, modifier-liquid from the modifier-liquid supplier to metering valve is measured by this valve, close said air valve and modifier-liquid valve, stop providing modifier-liquid, open inlet valve again to rush the measured modifier-liquid into the influent groove by pipe.
  • Said modifier-liquid combined with alkaline-electrolysis water form good condition for washing.
  • Constant quantity and concentration brine in the said ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway provided by the present invention to meet the requirement of regeneration of ion-exchange-resin to satisfy the effect of softening, it could achieve that ion-exchange-resin could be regenerated by opening brine valve to send regenerated-brine into softening device.
  • water from the four-pass water-inlet valve would be sent from regenerated-brine inlet to brine-dissolved chamber by pipe, said brine-dissolved chamber is the lower space under the salt-storage through inside the case, overflow port is set on the side with lower vertical location than water inlet set on the other side, redundant water would be drained from the overflow port, water in brine-dissolved chamber gets touch with the salt through the mesh of the filter screen covering on the permeable holes which set on the bottom and side of salt-storage through in a predetermined period to form brine with predetermined concentration, then said brine with predetermined concentration would reach softening device by regenerated-brine outlet and regenerated-brine inlet after opening brine valve
  • the floating ball will not shut down the regenerated-brine inlet because of the low water level when water from regenerated-brine device gets immersing ion-exchange-resin, thus ion-exchange-resin is immersed in brine and regenerated, after the ion-exchange-resin is regenerated in a predetermined period, drain wastewater from the wastewater outlet.
  • the elbow position of siphon and/or the location of overflow port of regenerated-brine device are/is higher the water level inside inner drum.
  • a check valve is mounted on the pipe between four-pass water-inlet valve and softening device, and/or on the pipe between four-pass water-inlet valve and metering valve, thus avoid the pollution of tap water caused by the inverted siphon of mixture of modifier-liquid and water.
  • Electromagnetic valve is assembled between electrolyzer and softened-water outlet, after the ion-exchange-resin is regenerated, open water inlet to drain wastewater from wastewater outlet by pressure, close the electromagnetic valve to hold back wastewater from the electrolyzer.
  • Drainage vessel set on the pipe between the overflow port and water-outlet system is connected to the pipe between the wastewater outlet of softening device and water-outlet system.
  • a better softening electrolysis system used in the washing machine is provided in the present invention in the above technical scheme; this system would greatly improve the service life of softening device with simple structure and is suitable for large scale industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a washing machine with an improved waterway system.
  • Said washing machine comprises an outer drum, an inner drum, a water-inlet system, a water-outlet system and a driving device as well as a controller.
  • the water inlet system is arranged between a water inlet of the washing machine, i.e. an inlet-valve 16 for tap water and an influent device leading to a washing compartment of the washing machine.
  • the influent device is an influent groove 14.
  • the water-inlet system comprises a softening-electrolysis waterway C including a softening device 6, an electrolyzer 10 and several sets of pipes.
  • the water-inlet system also comprises a modifier-liquid measured waterway A including a metering valve 5, a modifier-liquid supplier 11 and several sets of pipes.
  • the water-inlet system further comprises an ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway D including a regenerated-brine device 9 and several sets of pipes.
  • Said modifier-liquid measured waterway A comprises metering valve 5 modifier-liquid supplier 11 and several sets of pipes 12, 13, 31, 32, metering valve 5 is connected to the modifier-liquid supplier 11 by pipe 12, the inlet of metering valve 5 is connected to said pipe 13, two outlets of metering valve 5 are respectively connected to the influent groove 14 by pipe 31 and said water-outlet system by pipe 32.
  • Said metering valve 5 consists of inlet valve 35 used for controlling the connection status of pipe 31 and influent groove 14, modifier-liquid valve 36 used for controlling the connection of modifier liquid supplier 11 and metering valve 5 by pipe 12 and drain valve 37 used for controlling the connection of pipe 32 and water-outlet system, air valve 33 is set on the top of modifier-liquid supplier 11 for the air circulation.
  • Said softening-electrolysis waterway C comprises softening device 6, electrolyzer 10 and several sets of pipes 18, 24, 25, 28, 29, water-inlet pipe 28 of softening device 6 is connected to pipe 18, softened-water outlet 26 of softening device 6 is connected to electrolyzer 10, wastewater outlet 46 is connected to said water-outlet system by pipe 29, alkaline-electrolysis water outlet 23 of electrolyzer 10 is connected to influent groove 14, acid-electrolysis water outlet of electrolyzer 10 is connected to said water-outlet system by siphon 25.
  • Resin-storage chamber 45 is set inside softening device 6, inside the resin-storage chamber 45 resin is held by bracket 7, said softened-water outlet 26 and regenerated-brine inlet 27 are set on the top of the softening device 6, inside the resin-storage chamber 45 close to the regenerated-brine inlet 27 there set a floating ball 44 used to shut down the regenerated-brine inlet 27, check valve is set close to the waste-water outlet 46 which is set on the lower part of the softening device 6, water-inlet pipe 28 is set at the bottom or the side close to the bottom of softening device 6.
  • Said ion-exchange-resin regeneration waterway D comprises regenerated-brine device 9 and several sets of pipes, the water inlet 42 of regenerated-brine device 9 is connected to pipe 19, regenerated-brine outlet 40 is connected to the regenerated-brine inlet 27 of softening device 6 by pipe; overflow port 39 is connected to said water-outlet system.
  • Said regenerated-brine device 9 comprises case 43, salt-storage through 38 located in the upper part and brine-dissolved chamber 41 formed by the remaining space of the regenerated-brine device 9, the water inlet 42 and overflow port 39 are respectively set on two sides of case 43, the vertical height of water inlet 42 is higher than overflow port 39, regenerated-brine outlet 40 is set on the bottom of the case 43, at least one permeable hole 4 is located around the salt-storage through 38, filter screen 3 is covering on the said permeable hole 4.
  • a further waterway B connects valve 16 and valve 14.
  • the using method of the waterway system of the washing machine provided by the present invention is as follows:
  • four-pass water-inlet valve 16 is assembled at the water inlet of the water-inlet system, one end of four-pass water-inlet valve 16 is connected to tap water inlet 17, the other end is set four controlled outlets connected to each end of four pipes 13, 15, 18, 19 respectively.
  • drain pipe 32 of metering valve 5 is connected to drainage pump 1 by drain valve 2.
  • Acid-electrolysis water siphon 25 and drainage vessel 21 are respectively connected to drainage pump 1 in order to open the drainage pump 1 to drain wastewater by the upper outfall 20 if necessary.
  • the controller of the washing machine would judge the quality of the tap water used.
  • electrolyzer 10 As shown in Fig. 1 , softened water from softening device 6 is electrolyzed inside electrolyzer 10, said electrolyzer 10 is dissepiment electrolyzer, and alkaline-electrolysis water and acid-electrolysis water would be formed at the two sides of dissepiment.
  • Acid-electrolysis water would be drained by siphon after the accumulation of acid-electrolysis water reaches a level.
  • alkaline-electrolysis water After the accumulation of alkaline-electrolysis water reaches a level, alkaline-electrolysis water would goes into the fluent groove 14 by alkaline-electrolysis water outlet 23 and pipe 24, and then reaches the inner drum of washing machine 22.
  • modifier-liquid supplier 11 is set in the improved waterway provided in the present invention, wherein modifier-liquid would be added into washing machine by metering valve 5 to improve the washing effect.
  • the modifier-liquid is a kind of common surfactant which is used in combination with alkaline-electrolysis water to improve the washing effect.
  • the modifier-liquid reduces the surface tension of washing water and scum to bundle filth down the bottom of the drum of the washing machine 22.
  • open inlet valve 35 When using the metering valve 5, open inlet valve 35 firstly, then water from the four-pass water-inlet valve 16 goes into and cleans the valve chamber of metering valve by pipe 13, wastewater is drained from drain valve 37; further open air valve 33 and modifier-liquid valve 36, modifier-liquid from the modifier-liquid supplier 11 to metering valve 5 is measured by the valve, close said air valve 33 and modifier-liquid valve 36, stop providing modifier-liquid, open inlet valve 35 again to rush the measured modifier-liquid into the influent groove 14 by pipe 31. Said modifier-liquid combined with alkaline-electrolysis water and washing water can clean clothes in washing machine.
  • the resin in softening device 6 would be of no effect, and would be needed to regenerate by brine with constant concentration.
  • Electromagnetic valve (not shown in Figs) is assembled between electrolyzer 10 and softening-water outlet 26, after the ion-exchange-resin is regenerated, open water inlet to drain wastewater from wastewater outlet 46 by pressure, close the electromagnetic valve to hold back wastewater from the electrolyzer 10.
  • the improved waterway provided in the present invention is used in the washing machine with upper drainage system, said height of upper outfall 20 is about 80cm, in the technical scheme of the present invention, we could find:
  • acid-electrolysis water could not get back to regenerated-brine device 9 because the bottom of regenerated-brine device 9 is the higher location than upper outfall 20.
  • Wastewater could not go back the washing machine as the close of drain valve 2.
  • the check valve prevents the water drained from washing machine from getting into softening device 6 after opening drain valve in the process of washing, rinsing and dehydration.
  • Acid wastewater from electrolyzer 10 cannot reach electrolyzer 10 as the elbow position of siphon 25 set on the acid wastewater outlet is higher than the water level in the inner drum of washing machine.
  • Drainage vessel 21 set on the pipe between the overflow port 39 and water-outlet system is connected to the pipe 29 between the wastewater outlet 46 of softening device 6 and water-outlet system.
  • a better softening-electrolysis system used in the washing machine is provided in the present invention in the above technical scheme, this system would greatly improves the service life of a softening device with a simple structure and is suitable for large scale industrial production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
EP08162660A 2008-04-29 2008-08-20 Waschmaschine mit Wasserlaufsystem Not-in-force EP2113602B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200810094396 2008-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2113602A1 true EP2113602A1 (de) 2009-11-04
EP2113602B1 EP2113602B1 (de) 2012-03-21

Family

ID=41055166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08162660A Not-in-force EP2113602B1 (de) 2008-04-29 2008-08-20 Waschmaschine mit Wasserlaufsystem

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8042364B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2113602B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5403532B2 (de)
KR (1) KR101478364B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101570932B (de)
AT (1) ATE550473T1 (de)

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ITTO20110788A1 (it) * 2011-09-02 2013-03-03 Bitron Spa Dispositivo decalcificatore contenente sale anidro
EP2657388A1 (de) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-30 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Waschmaschine
EP2657389A1 (de) * 2012-04-24 2013-10-30 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Waschmaschine
WO2014121830A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry washing machine
WO2014121821A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry washing machine
WO2014121820A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry washing machine
EP3216909A1 (de) * 2016-03-11 2017-09-13 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Heimwäschebehandlungsmaschine und verfahren zur steuerung derselben
US9828720B2 (en) 2012-04-24 2017-11-28 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Laundry washing machine with a water softening device
US9970147B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2018-05-15 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry washing machine

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US20150090648A1 (en) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-02 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Softening apparatus and washing machine including the same
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US9970147B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2018-05-15 Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag Laundry washing machine
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EP2113602B1 (de) 2012-03-21
ATE550473T1 (de) 2012-04-15
CN101570932B (zh) 2012-06-27
US20090266115A1 (en) 2009-10-29
KR101478364B1 (ko) 2014-12-31
KR20090114299A (ko) 2009-11-03
US8042364B2 (en) 2011-10-25
CN101570932A (zh) 2009-11-04
JP5403532B2 (ja) 2014-01-29

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