EP2099978B1 - Construction system for tall structures - Google Patents

Construction system for tall structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2099978B1
EP2099978B1 EP08853675A EP08853675A EP2099978B1 EP 2099978 B1 EP2099978 B1 EP 2099978B1 EP 08853675 A EP08853675 A EP 08853675A EP 08853675 A EP08853675 A EP 08853675A EP 2099978 B1 EP2099978 B1 EP 2099978B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction system
posts
floor
ceiling
beams
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EP08853675A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2099978A1 (en
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Hermann Preiss
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34838—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modular building system for buildings according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a modular construction of buildings is basically known, cf. for example, the article " High-tech in puristic form "on page T6 in the Frankfurter Thompsone of October 23, 2007 (number 246 ). There, however, the modular structure obviously refers to special solar modules.
  • WO 2005/088021 A1 From the WO 2005/088021 A1 is a transportable modular building known. This has a prefabricated container-like installation module, which is placed on the intended site of the building on a concrete foundation to be prepared there and expanded by modular plate elements. These are on the one hand horizontal plate elements for the formation of floors or ceilings and on the other hand to vertical plate elements for the creation of walls. These plate elements have in common that they represent wooden frame structures that are covered on both sides of the frame level with OSB panels.
  • the wall elements are each arranged in the manner of a framing of the floor or ceiling panels, ie the lower horizontal edge of the wall panels substantially flush with the underside of the adjacent floor panel, and the upper horizontal edge of the wall panel substantially flush with the top of the adjacent ceiling panel, wherein the floor or ceiling panels are respectively connected to the upper and lower edges of the facing vertical sides of the adjacent wall panels.
  • the respective ceiling plate is thus supported by the wall elements with respect to the bottom plate arranged underneath.
  • the wall panels can be formed on the outside of the building corners of the building from the vertical edges of the wall plate outwardly open angle spaces that can be filled with posts.
  • These posts have essentially only a creative function, ie they serve to fill the aforementioned angular spaces, also the posts can be used to connect the wall panels adjacent to the building corners.
  • Fig. 6 of the WO 2005/088021 A1 shows that a construction is possible in which the wall panels are superimposed with their lower horizontal edges on a bottom plate or the ceiling panels rest on the upper horizontal edges a wall plate and / or on facing vertical sides can be fastened by wall elements via bolts provided there.
  • the WO 2006/092262 A1 shows a self-supporting room cell with non-supporting superior outer walls.
  • the structure of a room cell is formed by two lateral longitudinal frame, which are each arranged with a vertical frame plane and composed of horizontal edge-side longitudinal members and vertical edge-side vertical members. These longitudinal frames are connected to each other via cross members, which are arranged between the frame corners of two mutually parallel longitudinal frame.
  • the upper and lower longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame are each formed as U-profiles with mutually facing U-openings.
  • the longitudinal edges of floor or ceiling panels are inserted into the U-openings of the longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame, so that these plates are held captive in the longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame after arrangement of the cross member.
  • the longitudinal frame and cross member and the floor and ceiling panels are in accordance with WO 2006/092262 A1 formed as a stable sheet metal parts, wherein the floor and ceiling panels are formed substantially in the manner of a corrugated sheet.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a modular building system for buildings, the possibility should be given to create a house or building in the short term with relatively large variability of the design using industrially manufactured standard parts.
  • the posts are designed and arranged with appropriate load in the push and turn and pull direction, can be made of a floor and a ceiling plate and arranged therebetween at the plate corners post room-sized stackable modules with which the shell of a building in can create the simplest way, each with the bottom plate or the bottom plates of an upper floor resting on the ceiling plate or the ceiling panels of the underlying projectile.
  • Wall and / or window and / or door elements can be used in principle any way between the floor and ceiling panels of a projectile, so that a projectile can be divided as desired into individual rooms.
  • the wall elements can also take on a supporting function, in particular if the wall elements are arranged on the plate edges.
  • a supporting or supporting function of the wall elements is not necessary, because according to a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, the resilience is ensured by appropriate stability of the floor or ceiling panels and the arranged therebetween at the plate corners post. This also applies if the space modules formed by means of the plates and posts are stacked on top of each other.
  • the floor or ceiling panels may have a plate frame forming the beam frame, between which the frame longitudinal sides forming beams a plurality of cross bars are arranged so that the frame receives a ladder structure.
  • a Holzbeplankung is provided, wherein the distance space between the upper and lower planking with basically any insulation materials, in particular mineral wool, can be filled.
  • the planking is preferably recessed, so that the supports or posts provided there can be connected directly to frame elements of the respective plate and for exposed elements of anchor arrangements for connection of the frame elements and posts or columns sufficient clearance on the respective post or the side facing away from the respective support of the frame remains, even if the bottom plate of the overlying projectile is to be placed resting on the ceiling plate of a lower floor.
  • Fig. 1 has a floor or ceiling plate 1 according to the invention at its edge a peripheral frame, which is formed by marginal longitudinal and transverse beams 2 and 3, which preferably consist of cross-timbers, so that the beams remain free from distortion. At the corners of the frame, the beams are overlapped and pinned together.
  • edge-side transom 3 Between the edge-side transom 3 further crossbars 4 are provided, via which the longitudinal beams 2 are connected to each other in the manner of a conductor structure.
  • the top and bottom of the frame formed by the bars 2 to 4 is covered with squared timbers 5 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the frame and are recessed at the frame corners to form recesses 6 which are square in plan view.
  • the frame fields formed between the transom 3 and 4 between the top and bottom planking can be filled with in principle any insulation materials or the like.
  • the distance between the space between the planking and the underside planking squared timbers 5 is filled with mineral wool or other non-combustible insulation material.
  • the skins are preferably in the form of panels in that the square timbers forming the skins are pinned to one another, in particular by means of self-tapping screws, the pins being arranged parallel to the planking plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the squared timbers are.
  • similar panels are also provided for the wall elements described below.
  • the recesses 6 of the planking at the frame corners are provided for positive reception of posts or columns 7 with a corresponding cross-section, the posts 7 are connected to the exposed frame corners by means of dowels or threaded rods zug- and shear resistant.
  • the recesses 6 serve on the one hand to encompass the posts positively and on the other hand on the side facing away from the post of the frame corner to provide sufficient accommodation space for protruding from the frame corners dowel parts, which can thus be detected at the frame corners readily with appropriate tools.
  • the posts are penetrated by an axial channel, in which a projecting at both ends of the post threaded rod or a tensioning cable is arranged with its ends forming threaded parts.
  • the protruding ends of the threaded rod or threaded parts pass through corresponding holes at the corners of the frame corners formed by the beams 2 and 3, then turned on the threaded ends on the side facing away from the respective frame side frame nuts or internal threaded parts and clamped with the interposition of washers against the frame ,
  • the nuts or internally threaded parts may be formed as a lifting lugs on which each of a floor and a ceiling plate and the corner modules formed space modules coupled with a crane and can be moved to a construction site.
  • the posts may be composed of two squared timbers, each forming half the cross-section of the post, which are pinned together, in particular with self-tapping screws.
  • a central axial groove is arranged on the mutually facing contact surfaces of the squared timbers.
  • Fig. 2 in each case form a floor and a ceiling plate 1 with the posts 7 arranged at the corners between a room module, which can be arranged virtually any desired on appropriate ground or on other room modules, which can realize very diverse floor plans. If the room modules abut each other with their long sides, comparatively large column-free rooms can be created.
  • the floor or ceiling panels can be hung with their longitudinal or transverse edges in the lateral recesses between upper flange and lower flange of cantilevered double T-beams.
  • profile bars are preferably arranged on the marginal longitudinal or transverse bars of the floor or ceiling panels whose width of the horizontal depth of Recesses between upper and lower flange of the double-T-carrier corresponds. In this way it can be achieved that the horizontal distance between the double-T beams can correspond to the length or width of the floor or ceiling panels.
  • each double-T support on the one hand support the ceiling plate of a lower floor and on the other hand, the bottom plate of an overlying bullet edge.
  • wall elements can be arranged in virtually any desired manner for the space division between the floor and ceiling panels of a room module.
  • prefabricated standard wall elements 20 are preferably dimensioned such that when they are arranged on the narrow side of a room module between the corner-side pillars of the room module in each case half the opening width between the corner posts close, i. Two standard wall elements are sufficient for closing the entire narrow side of a room module.
  • the lengths of the room modules are dimensioned such that the dimensions of length and width behave as 2: 1.
  • the openings between the corner posts on the longitudinal sides of the room modules can be used in each case by two additional, usable between the floor and ceiling plate of the room module additional post 21 and close a total of four aforementioned standard wall elements.
  • the additional posts have the same cross sections as the corner posts.
  • the additional posts 21 have a height such that they fit between the skins 5 of the floor and ceiling panels 1.
  • the wall elements and correspondingly sized door or window elements can be arranged or replaced with the wall elements.
  • the wall elements consist essentially of two panels each composed of square timbers, between which spacer elements are arranged.
  • To build the panels are preferably squared timbers with a thickness of 40mm and a width of 80mm.
  • the vertically arranged squared timbers 8 with their narrow (40mm wide) vertical sides are butted together by adjacent squared timbers 8 together by pins 9, in particular self-tapping screws, which are arranged horizontally and parallel to the panel plane, interconnected.
  • the wall panels formed by the squared timber 8 obliquely to the horizontal extending spacers 10 are arranged whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the squared timbers 8 and, for example, 40mm.
  • These spacers are in turn pinned to the square timbers 8 forming the panels, preferably by self-tapping screws, in which case the pins are arranged perpendicular to the panel plane.
  • the boards formed by the square timbers 8 in the manner of a circulating Frame arranged squared timbers 11 may have a square cross section with a width and thickness of 40mm.
  • These squared timbers 11 are spaced from the edge of the panels formed by the squared lumber 8, so that between the edges of the two panels forming the respective wall element, a circumferential groove is formed into which corresponding sized squared timber profiles can be inserted in the manner of springs.
  • These springs can serve on the one hand for connecting adjoining wall elements and on the other hand for the positive retention of the wall elements on the floor or ceiling panels of the room modules.
  • the cavities between the wall panels of a wall element can be filled to increase the thermal insulation and / or heat capacity of the wall element with a bulk material, in particular with lime split. As a result, the sound insulation of the wall elements is improved.
  • the intermediate posts 21 are shortened in comparison to the corner posts 7, such that the intermediate posts 21 fit between the mutually facing skins 5 of the floor or ceiling panels 1 of the respective room module.
  • 2 recesses 60 may be provided for this purpose each at the longitudinal center of each floor or ceiling plate at the longitudinal edges in the region of the longitudinal beams, which are dimensioned so that they can accommodate two in the longitudinal direction of the floor or ceiling plate 1 immediately adjacent post ,
  • Fig. 9 to 11 may be appropriate to form arranged on or in a room module outer or inner walls or intermediate post with respect to the vertical distance between the bottom and top plate reduced height and complete the remaining distance space by a horizontal bar 200 with the vertical distance and the wall thickness matching cross-section. This simplifies the arrangement of the walls. In addition, a door or lintel facilitating the installation of doors or windows is thus formed.
  • the final assembly of the room modules can easily be done at the respective site, so that the floor or ceiling panels 1 can be delivered stacked with conventional trucks without excessive volume requirements during transport.
  • the corner posts 7 and optionally provided as additional connections between the bottom and the top plate intermediate posts 21 at the corner-side or longitudinal recesses 6, 60 of the bottom panel 5 of the bottom plate arranged by protruding from the post threaded parts of the threaded rods or traction cables or the like in holes in the frame beams of Bottom plate are inserted. Thereafter, the ceiling plate is placed and braced on the post with the bottom plate by the above-mentioned internal thread parts are turned on the threaded segments of the threaded rods or tension cables and tightened.
  • now outer or intermediate walls can be arranged. Then the finished building module can be lifted with a crane and set down on already constructed parts of the building.
  • Fig. 9 and 10 further show by way of example that the floor or ceiling panels 1 may optionally be provided with openings 100 for later to be installed stairs or the like.
  • the arrangement of outer and intermediate walls can be made at any time after completion of a "shell" formed from the space modules.
  • the floor or ceiling panels 1 and the posts 7 and 21 can also be used to produce multi-storey room modules.
  • only a single ceiling or floor plate is usually provided between directly superimposed floors of the room module.
  • these posts can be penetrated by a single common threaded rod, the ends then protrude at the corners of the uppermost ceiling or bottom plate, so that there in fundamentally the same way as described above for a single-storey room module, nuts or internal thread parts with the interposition of washers against the frame of the respective floor or ceiling plate can be stretched.
  • threaded rods and tension cables can be provided in one and in multi-storey room modules, connect the ends of threaded pieces on which then the aforementioned nuts or female threaded parts are turned on with the interposition of said washers for clamping.
  • the floor or ceiling panels can also be used as load-bearing wall panels, according to Fig. 4 several floor or ceiling panels 1 can be joined together to form a large wall plate.
  • Fig. 4 shows, for this purpose, in adjacent recesses 6 and 60 of the planking 5 of the plates to be connected to each other flat on one side or on both sides flange plates 61 and 62 or 61 'and 62' are arranged, which then by means of the longitudinal beams 2 of the adjacent or the respective plates 1 passing through Screws or the like are connected to each other. In this way, it is possible to produce large-scale walls with low production costs.
  • the posts can also be used as a beam, wherein a plurality of vertically stacked upright posts or beams can form a heavy-duty carrier whose individual beams can be biased by the threaded rods or tension cables in different ways.
  • the Fig. 5 shows an example of such an arrangement.
  • the posts or beams 7 can each be composed of two squared timbers with a rectangular cross-section.
  • the squared timbers are connected to each other without glue, preferably by pinning by means of self-tapping screws.
  • the square timbers On their mutually facing wide side surfaces, the square timbers each have a longitudinal groove, wherein the two longitudinal grooves of the two timbers together form a longitudinal channel for receiving the above-mentioned threaded rod or the tensioning cable provided instead.
  • the posts or beams formed by the square timbers can in principle be attached to each other several times axially, so that virtually any overlong posts or beams 7 can be produced, which are each composed of axially extending short post or beam segments. In this case, these segments can engage positively with one another at their counterparts counter-wedge teeth, wherein the positive connection without Glue or adhesive is secured by tensioning the respective continuous threaded rod or the tensioning cable.
  • Fig. 6 to 8 show different ways with the in Fig. 5
  • Fig. 6 shows a beam, which is composed of arranged in several layers squared timbers 70, wherein the squared timbers 70 of the next layer are arranged offset relative to the previous layer by half the timber length. Adjacent layers of squared timbers 70 are each connected glue-free by pinning by means of self-tapping screws.
  • Fig. 7 shows the possibility that the layers of squared lumber may optionally be arranged offset in the transverse direction relative to each other. As a result, an increased rigidity against bending stresses with respect to a perpendicular to the large side surfaces of the squared timbers 70 axis can be achieved.
  • Fig. 8 shows quite generally the possibility of structural parts with large cross sections of glue-free, in particular by pinning together by means of self-tapping screws squared timbers 70 together.
  • adjacent squared lumber each offset in the longitudinal direction to each other, wherein it is preferably provided adjacent Kantholzlagen also in the transverse direction of the Squared timbers offset to each other to arrange.
  • Fig. 8 shown pinning in two mutually substantially perpendicular directions, that is, on the one hand, a pinning perpendicular to the narrow side surfaces of the squared lumber and on the other hand, a pinning perpendicular to the wide side surfaces of squared timbers, an extremely resilient composite is achieved. As a result, thus massive wall, ceiling, post or support structures can be created.
  • the squared timbers 70 are each arranged with longitudinal axes parallel to one another, the squared timbers can also be arranged in the form of mutually pinned cross plies.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein modulares Bausystem für Hochbauten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a modular building system for buildings according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein modularer Aufbau von Hochbauten ist grundsätzlich bekannt, vgl. beispielsweise den Artikel " High-Tech in puristischer Form" auf Seite T6 in der Frankfurter Allgemeinen vom 23. Oktober 2007 (Nummer 246 ). Dort bezieht sich der modulare Aufbau jedoch offenbar auf besondere Solar-Module.A modular construction of buildings is basically known, cf. for example, the article " High-tech in puristic form "on page T6 in the Frankfurter Allgemeine of October 23, 2007 (number 246 ). There, however, the modular structure obviously refers to special solar modules.

Aus der WO 2005/088021 A1 ist ein transportables modulares Gebäude bekannt. Dies besitzt ein vorgefertigtes containerartiges Installationsmodul, welches am vorgesehenen Aufstellungsort des Gebäudes auf ein dort vorzubereitendes Betonfundament aufgesetzt und durch modulare Plattenelemente erweitert wird. Dabei handelt es sich einerseits um horizontale Plattenelemente zur Bildung von Böden bzw. Decken und andererseits um vertikale Plattenelemente zur Erstellung von Wänden. Diesen Plattenelementen ist gemeinsam, dass sie Holzrahmenkonstruktionen darstellen, die beidseitig der Rahmenebene mit OSB-Platten überdeckt sind.From the WO 2005/088021 A1 is a transportable modular building known. This has a prefabricated container-like installation module, which is placed on the intended site of the building on a concrete foundation to be prepared there and expanded by modular plate elements. These are on the one hand horizontal plate elements for the formation of floors or ceilings and on the other hand to vertical plate elements for the creation of walls. These plate elements have in common that they represent wooden frame structures that are covered on both sides of the frame level with OSB panels.

Aus den Fig. 2 und 6 der WO 2005/088021 A1 können zwei unterschiedliche Bauweisen für die räumliche Erweiterung des containerartigen Installationsmoduls entnommen werden. Im Beispiel der Fig. 2 sind die Wandelemente jeweils nach Art einer Umrahmung der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten angeordnet, d.h. der untere horizontale Rand der Wandplatten fluchtet im Wesentlichen mit der Unterseite der benachbarten Bodenplatte, und der obere horizontale Rand der Wandplatte fluchtet im Wesentlichen mit der Oberseite der benachbarten Deckenplatte, wobei die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten jeweils mit den oberen bzw. unteren Rändern der zugewandten Vertikalseiten der angrenzenden Wandplatten verbunden sind. Die jeweilige Deckenplatte ist also gegenüber der darunter angeordneten Bodenplatte durch die Wandelemente gehaltert. Bei dieser Anordnung der Wandplatten können auf der Wandaußenseite an Gebäudeecken von den vertikalen Rändern der Wandplatte nach auswärts geöffnete Winkelräume gebildet werden, die sich mit Pfosten ausfüllen lassen. Diese Pfosten haben im Wesentlichen nur eine gestalterische Funktion, d.h. sie dienen zur Ausfüllung der vorgenannten Winkelräume, außerdem können die Pfosten zur Verbindung der an den Gebäudeecken benachbarten Wandplatten dienen.From the Fig. 2 and 6 of the WO 2005/088021 A1 Two different designs for the spatial extension of the container-like installation module can be taken. In the example of Fig. 2 the wall elements are each arranged in the manner of a framing of the floor or ceiling panels, ie the lower horizontal edge of the wall panels substantially flush with the underside of the adjacent floor panel, and the upper horizontal edge of the wall panel substantially flush with the top of the adjacent ceiling panel, wherein the floor or ceiling panels are respectively connected to the upper and lower edges of the facing vertical sides of the adjacent wall panels. The respective ceiling plate is thus supported by the wall elements with respect to the bottom plate arranged underneath. In this arrangement, the wall panels can be formed on the outside of the building corners of the building from the vertical edges of the wall plate outwardly open angle spaces that can be filled with posts. These posts have essentially only a creative function, ie they serve to fill the aforementioned angular spaces, also the posts can be used to connect the wall panels adjacent to the building corners.

Die Fig. 6 der WO 2005/088021 A1 zeigt, dass auch eine Bauweise möglich ist, bei der die Wandplatten mit ihren unteren Horizontalrändern auf einer Bodenplatte aufgelagert sind bzw. die Deckenplatten auf den oberen Horizontalrändern eine Wandplatte aufliegen und/oder an zugewandten Vertikalseiten von Wandelementen über dort vorgesehene Bolzen befestigt werden können.The Fig. 6 of the WO 2005/088021 A1 shows that a construction is possible in which the wall panels are superimposed with their lower horizontal edges on a bottom plate or the ceiling panels rest on the upper horizontal edges a wall plate and / or on facing vertical sides can be fastened by wall elements via bolts provided there.

Nach der WO 2005/088021 A1 sind also keinerlei Pfosten mit Tragfunktion vorgesehen.After WO 2005/088021 A1 So no posts are provided with support function.

Die WO 2006/092262 A1 zeigt eine selbsttragende Raumzelle mit nicht tragenden vorgesetzten Außenwänden. Dabei wird die Struktur einer Raumzelle durch zwei seitliche Längsrahmen gebildet, die jeweils mit vertikaler Rahmenebene angeordnet und aus horizontalen randseitigen Längsgliedern und vertikalen randseitigen Vertikalgliedern zusammengesetzt sind. Diese Längsrahmen werden miteinander über Querträger verbunden, die zwischen den Rahmenecken von zwei zueinander parallelen Längsrahmen angeordnet werden. Die oberen und unteren Längsglieder der Längsrahmen sind jeweils als U-Profile mit einander zugewandten U-Öffnungen ausgebildet. Vor Anordnung der Querträger werden in die U-Öffnungen der Längsglieder der Längsrahmen die Längsränder von Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten eingeschoben, so dass diese Platten nach Anordnung der Querträger unverlierbar in den Längsgliedern der Längsrahmen festgehalten sind.The WO 2006/092262 A1 shows a self-supporting room cell with non-supporting superior outer walls. The structure of a room cell is formed by two lateral longitudinal frame, which are each arranged with a vertical frame plane and composed of horizontal edge-side longitudinal members and vertical edge-side vertical members. These longitudinal frames are connected to each other via cross members, which are arranged between the frame corners of two mutually parallel longitudinal frame. The upper and lower longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame are each formed as U-profiles with mutually facing U-openings. Before arranging the cross member, the longitudinal edges of floor or ceiling panels are inserted into the U-openings of the longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame, so that these plates are held captive in the longitudinal members of the longitudinal frame after arrangement of the cross member.

Die Längsrahmen und Querträger sowie die Boden- und Deckenplatten sind gemäß der WO 2006/092262 A1 als stabile Blechteile ausgebildet, wobei die Boden- und Deckenplatten im Wesentlichen nach Art eines Wellbleches ausgebildet sind.The longitudinal frame and cross member and the floor and ceiling panels are in accordance with WO 2006/092262 A1 formed as a stable sheet metal parts, wherein the floor and ceiling panels are formed substantially in the manner of a corrugated sheet.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, ein modulares Bausystem für Hochbauten zu schaffen, wobei die Möglichkeit gegeben sein soll, ein Haus oder Gebäude kurzfristig mit vergleichsweise großer Variabilität der Gestaltung unter Verwendung industriell hergestellter Standardteile zu erstellen.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a modular building system for buildings, the possibility should be given to create a house or building in the short term with relatively large variability of the design using industrially manufactured standard parts.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Bausystem gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a building system according to claim 1.

Indem die Pfosten mit entsprechender Belastbarkeit in Schub- und Dreh- sowie Zugrichtung ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, lassen sich aus je einer Boden- und einer Deckenplatte und dazwischen an den Plattenecken angeordneten Pfosten raumgroße aufeinander stapelbare Module bilden, mit denen sich der Rohbau eines Gebäudes in einfachster Weise erstellen lässt, wobei jeweils die Bodenplatte bzw. die Bodenplatten eines oberen Geschosses auf der Deckenplatte bzw. den Deckenplatten des darunter liegenden Geschosses aufliegen. Zwischen den Boden- und Deckenplatten eines Geschosses können in prinzipiell beliebiger Weise Wand- und/oder Fenster- und/oder Türelemente eingesetzt werden, so dass sich ein Geschoss beliebig in Einzelräume aufteilen lässt.By the posts are designed and arranged with appropriate load in the push and turn and pull direction, can be made of a floor and a ceiling plate and arranged therebetween at the plate corners post room-sized stackable modules with which the shell of a building in can create the simplest way, each with the bottom plate or the bottom plates of an upper floor resting on the ceiling plate or the ceiling panels of the underlying projectile. Wall and / or window and / or door elements can be used in principle any way between the floor and ceiling panels of a projectile, so that a projectile can be divided as desired into individual rooms.

Dabei können die Wandelemente auch eine mittragende Funktion übernehmen, insbesondere wenn die Wandelemente an den Plattenrändern angeordnet sind.In this case, the wall elements can also take on a supporting function, in particular if the wall elements are arranged on the plate edges.

Notwendig ist allerdings eine tragende oder mittragende Funktion der Wandelemente nicht, denn gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Belastbarkeit durch entsprechende Stabilität der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten sowie der dazwischen an den Plattenecken angeordneten Pfosten gewährleistet. Dies gilt auch dann, wenn die mittels der Platten und Pfosten gebildeten Raummodule aufeinander gestapelt werden.However, a supporting or supporting function of the wall elements is not necessary, because according to a particular preferred embodiment of the invention, the resilience is ensured by appropriate stability of the floor or ceiling panels and the arranged therebetween at the plate corners post. This also applies if the space modules formed by means of the plates and posts are stacked on top of each other.

Des Weiteren ist in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, die Boden- und Deckenplatten sowie die Stützen bzw. Pfosten und/oder die Wandelemente als kleberfreie Holzkonstruktionen auszubilden und zur Verbindung der Holzelemente Verstiftungen vorzusehen.Furthermore, it is provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention to form the floor and ceiling panels and the supports or posts and / or the wall elements as glue-free wood structures and to provide pinning to connect the wood elements.

Damit kann innerhalb des Gebäudes eine besonders angenehmes schadstofffreies Raumklima erzielt werden.This can be achieved within the building a particularly pleasant pollutant-free room climate.

Im Falle einer solchen Holzkonstruktion können die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten einen den Plattenrand bildenden Balkenrahmen aufweisen, zwischen dessen die Rahmenlängsseiten bildenden Balken mehrere Querbalken angeordnet sind, so dass der Rahmen eine Leiterstruktur erhält. Für die Ober- und Unterseite des Rahmens ist eine Holzbeplankung vorgesehen, wobei der Abstandsraum zwischen der oberen und unteren Beplankung mit prinzipiell beliebigen Dämmmaterialien, insbesondere Mineralstoffwolle, ausgefüllt sein kann. An den Rahmenecken ist die Beplankung vorzugsweise ausgespart, so dass die dort vorgesehenen Stützen bzw. Pfosten direkt mit Rahmenelementen der jeweiligen Platte verbunden werden können und für freiliegende Elemente von Dübelanordnungen zur Verbindung der Rahmenelemente und Pfosten bzw. Stützen hinreichend Freiraum auf der vom jeweilige Pfosten bzw. der jeweiligen Stütze abgewandten Seite des Rahmens verbleibt, und zwar auch dann, wenn auf der Deckenplatte eines unteren Geschosses die Bodenplatte des darüber liegenden Geschosses aufliegend angeordnet werden soll.In the case of such a wooden construction, the floor or ceiling panels may have a plate frame forming the beam frame, between which the frame longitudinal sides forming beams a plurality of cross bars are arranged so that the frame receives a ladder structure. For the top and bottom of the frame a Holzbeplankung is provided, wherein the distance space between the upper and lower planking with basically any insulation materials, in particular mineral wool, can be filled. At the frame corners, the planking is preferably recessed, so that the supports or posts provided there can be connected directly to frame elements of the respective plate and for exposed elements of anchor arrangements for connection of the frame elements and posts or columns sufficient clearance on the respective post or the side facing away from the respective support of the frame remains, even if the bottom plate of the overlying projectile is to be placed resting on the ceiling plate of a lower floor.

Im Übrigen wird hinsichtlich bevorzugter Merkmale der Erfindung auf die Ansprüche und die nachfolgende Erläuterung der Zeichnung verwiesen, anhand der eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung näher beschrieben wird.Otherwise, with regard to preferred features of the invention, reference is made to the claims and the following explanation of the drawings, with reference to which a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail.

Schutz wird nicht nur für ausdrücklich dargestellte oder beanspruchte Merkmalskombinationen sondern auch für prinzipiell beliebige Kombinationen der dargestellten Einzelmerkmale beansprucht.Protection is claimed not only for explicitly presented or claimed feature combinations but also for any combination of the individual features shown in principle.

In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
eine perspektivischen Ansicht einer Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte, wobei die oberseitige Beplankung teilweise entfernt ist,
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines durch eine Bonden- sowie eine Deckenplatte und dazwischen angeordneten Eckpfosten gebildeten Raummoduls,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht auf ein zwischen Boden- und Deckenplatte eines Raummoduls einsetzbares Wandelement,
Fig. 4
die Verwendung von Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten zur Erstellung von Wänden,
Fig. 5
vorspannbare Balkenanordnungen,
Fig. 6 bis 8
Balken- und Trägerstrukturen, die aus Elementen des Bausystems herstellbar sind und
Fig. 9 bis 11
verschiedene Raummodule mit unter der Deckenplatte angeordneten Horizontalbalken.
In the drawing show
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a floor or ceiling plate, wherein the upper-side planking is partially removed,
Fig. 2
a perspective view of a formed by a bonding and a ceiling plate and interposed Eckpfosten space module,
Fig. 3
a view of a usable between the floor and ceiling plate of a room module wall element,
Fig. 4
the use of floor or ceiling panels to create walls,
Fig. 5
prestressable beam arrangements,
Fig. 6 to 8
Beam and support structures that can be produced from elements of the building system and
Fig. 9 to 11
various room modules with arranged under the ceiling plate horizontal bars.

Gemäß Fig. 1 besitzt eine erfindungsgemäße Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte 1 an ihrem Rand einen umlaufenden Rahmen, der durch randseitige Längs- und Querbalken 2 und 3 gebildet wird, die vorzugsweise aus Kreuzhölzern bestehen, so dass die Balken frei von Verzug bleiben. An den Rahmenecken sind die Balken miteinander überplattet und verstiftet.According to Fig. 1 has a floor or ceiling plate 1 according to the invention at its edge a peripheral frame, which is formed by marginal longitudinal and transverse beams 2 and 3, which preferably consist of cross-timbers, so that the beams remain free from distortion. At the corners of the frame, the beams are overlapped and pinned together.

Zwischen den randseitigen Querbalken 3 sind weitere Querbalken 4 vorgesehen, über die die Längsbalken 2 miteinander nach Art einer Leiterstruktur verbunden sind. Die Ober- sowie Unterseite des von den Balken 2 bis 4 gebildeten Rahmens ist mit in Rahmenlängsrichtung erstreckten Kanthölzern 5 beplankt, die an den Rahmenecken unter Bildung von in Draufsicht quadratischen Ausnehmungen 6 ausgespart sind. Die zwischen den Querbalken 3 und 4 gebildeten Rahmenfelder zwischen der oberseitigen und unterseitigen Beplankung können mit prinzipiell beliebigen Dämmmaterialien oder dergleichen ausgefüllt sein. Vorzugsweise ist der Abstandsraum zwischen den die oberseitige Beplankung sowie die unterseitige Beplankung bildenden Kanthölzern 5 mit Mineralwolle oder einem sonstigen unbrennbaren Dämmstoff ausgefüllt.Between the edge-side transom 3 further crossbars 4 are provided, via which the longitudinal beams 2 are connected to each other in the manner of a conductor structure. The top and bottom of the frame formed by the bars 2 to 4 is covered with squared timbers 5 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the frame and are recessed at the frame corners to form recesses 6 which are square in plan view. The frame fields formed between the transom 3 and 4 between the top and bottom planking can be filled with in principle any insulation materials or the like. Preferably, the distance between the space between the planking and the underside planking squared timbers 5 is filled with mineral wool or other non-combustible insulation material.

Vorzugsweise sind die Beplankungen als Tafeln ausgebildet, indem die die Beplankungen bildenden Kanthölzer miteinander, insbesondere mittels selbstschneidender Schrauben, verstiftet sind, wobei die Stifte jeweils parallel zur Beplankungsebene und senkrecht zu den Längsachsen der Kanthölzer angeordnet sind. Prinzipiell gleichartige Tafeln sind auch für die weiter unten beschriebenen Wandelemente vorgesehen.The skins are preferably in the form of panels in that the square timbers forming the skins are pinned to one another, in particular by means of self-tapping screws, the pins being arranged parallel to the planking plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the squared timbers are. In principle, similar panels are also provided for the wall elements described below.

Die Ausnehmungen 6 der Beplankungen an den Rahmenecken sind zur formschlüssigen Aufnahme von Pfosten bzw. Stützen 7 mit entsprechendem Querschnitt vorgesehen, wobei die Pfosten 7 mit den an den Ausnehmungen freiliegenden Rahmenecken mittels Dübel oder Gewindestangen zug- und schubfest verbunden werden. Dabei dienen die Ausnehmungen 6 einerseits dazu, die Pfosten formschlüssig zu umfassen und andererseits auf der vom Pfosten abgewandten Seite der Rahmenecke dazu, hinreichend Unterbringungsraum für aus den Rahmenecken herausstehende Dübelteile zu gewähren, die damit an den Rahmenecken ohne weiteres mit entsprechenden Werkzeugen erfasst werden können.The recesses 6 of the planking at the frame corners are provided for positive reception of posts or columns 7 with a corresponding cross-section, the posts 7 are connected to the exposed frame corners by means of dowels or threaded rods zug- and shear resistant. The recesses 6 serve on the one hand to encompass the posts positively and on the other hand on the side facing away from the post of the frame corner to provide sufficient accommodation space for protruding from the frame corners dowel parts, which can thus be detected at the frame corners readily with appropriate tools.

Vorzugsweise werden die Pfosten von einem Axialkanal durchsetzt, in dem eine an beiden Enden des Pfostens herausragende Gewindestange oder ein Spannseil mit dessen Enden bildenden Gewindeteilen angeordnet wird. Die herausstehenden Enden der Gewindestange oder Gewindeteile durchsetzen entsprechende Bohrungen an den Ecken der von den Balken 2 und 3 gebildeten Rahmenecken, wobei dann auf die Gewindeenden auf der vom jeweiligen Pfosten abgewandten Rahmenseite Muttern bzw. Innengewindeteile aufgedreht und unter Zwischenschaltung von Ringscheiben gegen die Rahmen gespannt werden. Damit bilden die Pfosten mit den Rahmen ein sehr stabiles Raumgitter. Die Muttern oder Innengewindeteile können als Tragösen ausgebildet sein, an denen die von je einer Boden- und einer Deckenplatte sowie den Eckpfosten gebildeten Raummodule mit einem Kran gekoppelt und auf einer Baustelle versetzt werden können.Preferably, the posts are penetrated by an axial channel, in which a projecting at both ends of the post threaded rod or a tensioning cable is arranged with its ends forming threaded parts. The protruding ends of the threaded rod or threaded parts pass through corresponding holes at the corners of the frame corners formed by the beams 2 and 3, then turned on the threaded ends on the side facing away from the respective frame side frame nuts or internal threaded parts and clamped with the interposition of washers against the frame , Thus, the posts with the frame form a very stable space grid. The nuts or internally threaded parts may be formed as a lifting lugs on which each of a floor and a ceiling plate and the corner modules formed space modules coupled with a crane and can be moved to a construction site.

Die Pfosten können aus zwei jeweils den halben Querschnitt des Pfostens bildenden Kanthölzern zusammengesetzt sein, die miteinander, insbesondere mit selbstschneidenden Schrauben, verstiftet sind. Zur Bildung des Axialkanals ist auf den einander zugewandten Berührungsflächen der Kanthölzer jeweils eine mittige Axialnut angeordnet.The posts may be composed of two squared timbers, each forming half the cross-section of the post, which are pinned together, in particular with self-tapping screws. To form the axial channel, in each case a central axial groove is arranged on the mutually facing contact surfaces of the squared timbers.

Gemäß Fig. 2 bilden jeweils eine Boden- sowie eine Deckenplatte 1 mit den an den Ecken dazwischen angeordneten Pfosten 7 ein Raummodul, welches praktisch beliebig auf entsprechendem Untergrund oder auf anderen Raummodulen angeordnet werden kann, wobei sich sehr verschiedenartige Grundrisse verwirklichen lassen. Wenn dabei die Raummodule mit ihren Längsseiten aneinander anstoßen, lassen sich vergleichsweise große stützenfreie Räume erstellen.According to Fig. 2 in each case form a floor and a ceiling plate 1 with the posts 7 arranged at the corners between a room module, which can be arranged virtually any desired on appropriate ground or on other room modules, which can realize very diverse floor plans. If the room modules abut each other with their long sides, comparatively large column-free rooms can be created.

Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch möglich, mit den Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten praktisch beliebig große stützenfreie Räume herzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck können die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten mit ihren Längs- bzw. Querrändern in die seitlichen Ausnehmungen zwischen Obergurt und Untergurt von freitragend angeordneten Doppel-T-Trägern eingehängt werden. In diesem Falle werden vorzugsweise an den randseitigen Längs- bzw. Querbalken der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten Profilbalken angeordnet, deren Breite der horizontalen Tiefe der Ausnehmungen zwischen Ober- und Untergurt der Doppel-T-Träger entspricht. Auf diese Weise lässt sich erreichen, dass der Horizontalabstand zwischen den Doppel-T-Trägern der Länge bzw. Breite der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten entsprechen kann. Vorzugsweise werden solche Doppel-T-Träger eingesetzt, bei denen der Vertikalabstand zwischen Ober- und Untergurts der doppelten vertikalen Dicke der Decken- bzw. Bodenplatten bzw. der daran angeordneten Profilbalken entspricht. Somit kann jeder Doppel-T-Träger einerseits die Deckenplatte eines unteren Geschosses und andererseits die Bodenplatte eines darüber liegenden Geschosses randseitig haltern.In principle, however, it is also possible to produce virtually any size column-free spaces with the floor or ceiling panels. For this purpose, the floor or ceiling panels can be hung with their longitudinal or transverse edges in the lateral recesses between upper flange and lower flange of cantilevered double T-beams. In this case, profile bars are preferably arranged on the marginal longitudinal or transverse bars of the floor or ceiling panels whose width of the horizontal depth of Recesses between upper and lower flange of the double-T-carrier corresponds. In this way it can be achieved that the horizontal distance between the double-T beams can correspond to the length or width of the floor or ceiling panels. Preferably, such double-T-beams are used, in which the vertical distance between the upper and lower belt corresponds to twice the vertical thickness of the ceiling or floor slabs or the profiled beams arranged thereon. Thus, each double-T support on the one hand support the ceiling plate of a lower floor and on the other hand, the bottom plate of an overlying bullet edge.

Wie oben bereits erwähnt wurde, können zur Raumaufteilung zwischen den Boden- und Deckenplatten eines Raummoduls in praktisch beliebiger Weise Wandelemente angeordnet werden. Dabei sind vorgefertigte Standardwandelemente 20 vorzugsweise so bemessen, dass sie bei Anordnung an der Schmalseite eines Raummoduls zwischen den eckseitigen Pfosten des Raummoduls jeweils die halbe Öffnungsbreite zwischen den Eckpfosten verschließen, d.h. je zwei Standardwandelemente reichen zum Verschluss der gesamten Schmalseite eines Raummoduls aus.As has already been mentioned above, wall elements can be arranged in virtually any desired manner for the space division between the floor and ceiling panels of a room module. In this case, prefabricated standard wall elements 20 are preferably dimensioned such that when they are arranged on the narrow side of a room module between the corner-side pillars of the room module in each case half the opening width between the corner posts close, i. Two standard wall elements are sufficient for closing the entire narrow side of a room module.

In zweckmäßiger Optimierung der Abmessungen sind die Längen der Raummodule so bemessen, dass sich die Maße von Länge und Breite wie 2:1 verhalten. Die Öffnungen zwischen den Eckpfosten an den Längsseiten der Raummodule lassen sich jeweils durch zwei zusätzliche, zwischen die Boden- und Deckenplatte des Raummoduls einsetzbare Zusatzpfosten 21 und insgesamt vier vorgenannte Standardwandelemente verschließen. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass die Zusatzpfosten gleiche Querschnitte wie die Eckpfosten besitzen. Im Übrigen haben die Zusatzpfosten 21 eine solche Höhe, dass sie zwischen die Beplankungen 5 der Boden- und Deckenplatten 1 passen. Anstelle der Wandelemente können auch entsprechend bemessene Tür- oder Fensterelemente angeordnet bzw. gegen die Wandelemente ausgetauscht werden.In an appropriate optimization of the dimensions, the lengths of the room modules are dimensioned such that the dimensions of length and width behave as 2: 1. The openings between the corner posts on the longitudinal sides of the room modules can be used in each case by two additional, usable between the floor and ceiling plate of the room module additional post 21 and close a total of four aforementioned standard wall elements. It is provided that the additional posts have the same cross sections as the corner posts. Incidentally, the additional posts 21 have a height such that they fit between the skins 5 of the floor and ceiling panels 1. Instead of the wall elements and correspondingly sized door or window elements can be arranged or replaced with the wall elements.

Die Wandelemente bestehen im Wesentlichen aus zwei jeweils aus Kanthölzern zusammengesetzten Tafeln, zwischen denen Abstandselemente angeordnet sind. Zum Aufbau der Tafeln dienen vorzugsweise Kanthölzer mit einer Dicke von 40mm und einer Breite von 80mm. Gemäß Fig. 3 sind die vertikal angeordneten Kanthölzer 8 mit ihren schmalen (40mm breiten) Vertikalseiten auf Stoß aneinandergefügt, indem benachbarte Kanthölzer 8 miteinander durch Stifte 9, insbesondere selbstschneidende Schrauben, die horizontal und parallel zur Tafelebene angeordnet sind, miteinander verbunden.The wall elements consist essentially of two panels each composed of square timbers, between which spacer elements are arranged. To build the panels are preferably squared timbers with a thickness of 40mm and a width of 80mm. According to Fig. 3 the vertically arranged squared timbers 8 with their narrow (40mm wide) vertical sides are butted together by adjacent squared timbers 8 together by pins 9, in particular self-tapping screws, which are arranged horizontally and parallel to the panel plane, interconnected.

Zwischen den von den Kanthölzern 8 gebildeten Wandtafeln sind schräg zur Horizontalen verlaufende Abstandselemente 10 angeordnet, deren Dicke der Dicke der Kanthölzer 8 entspricht und beispielsweise 40mm beträgt. Diese Abstandselemente sind mit den die Tafeln bildenden Kanthölzern 8 wiederum, vorzugsweise durch selbstschneidende Schrauben, verstiftet, wobei in diesem Falle die Stifte senkrecht zur Tafelebene angeordnet sind. Desweiteren sind zwischen den von den Kanthölzern 8 gebildeten Tafeln nach Art eines umlaufenden Rahmens angeordnete Kanthölzer 11 vorgesehen, die beispielsweise einen quadratischen Querschnitt mit einer Breite und Dicke von jeweils 40mm aufweisen können. Diese Kanthölzer 11 sind vom Rand der durch die Kanthölzer 8 gebildeten Tafeln beabstandet angeordnet, so dass zwischen den Rändern der beiden das jeweilige Wandelement bildenden Tafeln eine umlaufende Nut ausgebildet wird, in die sich entsprechende bemessene Kantholzprofile nach Art von Federn einschieben lassen. Diese Federn können einerseits zur Verbindung aneinander anschließender Wandelemente und andererseits zur formschlüssigen Halterung der Wandelemente auf den Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten der Raummodule dienen.Between the wall panels formed by the squared timber 8 obliquely to the horizontal extending spacers 10 are arranged whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the squared timbers 8 and, for example, 40mm. These spacers are in turn pinned to the square timbers 8 forming the panels, preferably by self-tapping screws, in which case the pins are arranged perpendicular to the panel plane. Furthermore, between the boards formed by the square timbers 8 in the manner of a circulating Frame arranged squared timbers 11 provided, for example, may have a square cross section with a width and thickness of 40mm. These squared timbers 11 are spaced from the edge of the panels formed by the squared lumber 8, so that between the edges of the two panels forming the respective wall element, a circumferential groove is formed into which corresponding sized squared timber profiles can be inserted in the manner of springs. These springs can serve on the one hand for connecting adjoining wall elements and on the other hand for the positive retention of the wall elements on the floor or ceiling panels of the room modules.

Die Hohlräume zwischen den Wandtafeln eines Wandelementes können zur Erhöhung der Wärmedämmung und/oder Wärmekapazität des Wandelementes mit einem Schüttgut, insbesondere mit Kalksplit ausgefüllt sein. Dadurch wird auch die Schalldämmung der Wandelemente verbessert.The cavities between the wall panels of a wall element can be filled to increase the thermal insulation and / or heat capacity of the wall element with a bulk material, in particular with lime split. As a result, the sound insulation of the wall elements is improved.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die oben dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt.The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments presented above.

In den vorangehenden Ausführungen wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Zwischenpfosten 21 im Vergleich zu den Eckpfosten 7 verkürzt sind, derart, dass die Zwischenpfosten 21 zwischen die einander zugewandten Beplankungen 5 der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1 des jeweiligen Raummoduls passen. Stattdessen ist es auch möglich, die Zwischenpfosten 21 identisch zu den Eckpfosten 7 auszubilden und dazu in den Beplankungen 5 an den Längsbalken 2 der jeweiligen Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte 1 weitere Ausnehmungen 60, analog den Ausnehmungen 6 an den Ecken der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1, vorzusehen. Insbesondere können zu diesem Zweck jeweils an der Längsmitte jeder Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte an den Längsrändern im Bereich der Längsbalken 2 Ausnehmungen 60 vorgesehen sein, die so bemessen sind, dass sie zwei in Längsrichtung der Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte 1 unmittelbar benachbarte Pfosten aufnehmen können.In the preceding embodiments, it is assumed that the intermediate posts 21 are shortened in comparison to the corner posts 7, such that the intermediate posts 21 fit between the mutually facing skins 5 of the floor or ceiling panels 1 of the respective room module. Instead, it is also possible to form the intermediate posts 21 identical to the corner posts 7 and in the skins 5 on the longitudinal beams 2 of the respective floor or ceiling plate 1 more recesses 60, analogous to the recesses 6 at the corners of the floor or ceiling panels 1, provide. In particular, 2 recesses 60 may be provided for this purpose each at the longitudinal center of each floor or ceiling plate at the longitudinal edges in the region of the longitudinal beams, which are dimensioned so that they can accommodate two in the longitudinal direction of the floor or ceiling plate 1 immediately adjacent post ,

Grundsätzlich ist aber auch eine andere Anordnung der Pfosten 21 zwischen den Ecken des jeweiligen Raummoduls möglich.In principle, however, a different arrangement of the posts 21 between the corners of the respective room module is possible.

Gemäß den Fig. 9 bis 11 kann zweckmäßig vorgesehen sein, an bzw. in einem Raummodul angeordnete Außen- oder Innenwände oder auch Zwischenpfosten mit gegenüber dem Vertikalabstand zwischen Boden- und Deckenplatte verminderter Höhe auszubilden und den verbleibenden Abstandsraum durch einen Horizontalbalken 200 mit zum Vertikalabstand sowie der Wanddicke passendem Querschnitt abzuschließen. Dies vereinfacht die Anordnung der Wände. Außerdem wird damit ein den Einbau von Türen oder Fenstern erleichternder Tür- bzw. Fenstersturz gebildet.According to the Fig. 9 to 11 may be appropriate to form arranged on or in a room module outer or inner walls or intermediate post with respect to the vertical distance between the bottom and top plate reduced height and complete the remaining distance space by a horizontal bar 200 with the vertical distance and the wall thickness matching cross-section. This simplifies the arrangement of the walls. In addition, a door or lintel facilitating the installation of doors or windows is thus formed.

Die Endmontage der Raummodule kann ohne weiteres an der jeweiligen Baustelle erfolgen, so dass die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1 gestapelt mit üblichen Lastkraftwagen ohne übermäßigen Volumenbedarf beim Transport angeliefert werden können. An der Baustelle werden dann die Eckpfosten 7 und die gegebenenfalls als zusätzliche Verbindungen zwischen der Boden- und der Deckenplatte vorgesehenen Zwischenpfosten 21 an den eckseitigen bzw. längsseitigen Ausnehmungen 6, 60 der bodenseitigen Beplankung 5 der Bodenplatte angeordnet, indem die aus den Pfosten herausstehenden Gewindeteile der Gewindestangen oder Zugseile oder dergleichen in Bohrungen der Rahmenbalken der Bodenplatte eingesteckt werden. Danach wird die Deckenplatte aufgesetzt und über die Pfosten mit der Bodenplatte verspannt, indem die o.g. Innengewindeteile auf die Gewindesegmente der Gewindestangen bzw. Spannseile aufgedreht und festgespannt werden.The final assembly of the room modules can easily be done at the respective site, so that the floor or ceiling panels 1 can be delivered stacked with conventional trucks without excessive volume requirements during transport. At the construction site then the corner posts 7 and optionally provided as additional connections between the bottom and the top plate intermediate posts 21 at the corner-side or longitudinal recesses 6, 60 of the bottom panel 5 of the bottom plate arranged by protruding from the post threaded parts of the threaded rods or traction cables or the like in holes in the frame beams of Bottom plate are inserted. Thereafter, the ceiling plate is placed and braced on the post with the bottom plate by the above-mentioned internal thread parts are turned on the threaded segments of the threaded rods or tension cables and tightened.

Gegebenenfalls können nun noch Außen- oder Zwischenwände angeordnet werden. Sodann kann das fertig gestellte Baumodul mit einem Kran angehoben und auf bereits erstellten Bauwerksteilen abgesetzt werden.Optionally, now outer or intermediate walls can be arranged. Then the finished building module can be lifted with a crane and set down on already constructed parts of the building.

Die Fig. 9 und 10 zeigen des Weiteren beispielhaft, dass die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1 gegebenenfalls mit Öffnungen 100 für später einzubauende Treppen oder dergleichen versehen sein können. Im Übrigen kann die Anordnung von Außen- bzw. Zwischenwänden jederzeit nach Fertigstellung eines aus den Raummodulen gebildeten "Rohbaus" erfolgen.The Fig. 9 and 10 further show by way of example that the floor or ceiling panels 1 may optionally be provided with openings 100 for later to be installed stairs or the like. Incidentally, the arrangement of outer and intermediate walls can be made at any time after completion of a "shell" formed from the space modules.

Des Weiteren können die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1 sowie die Pfosten 7 bzw. 21 auch zur Herstellung mehrstöckiger Raummodule dienen. Dabei ist in der Regel zwischen unmittelbar übereinander liegenden Stockwerken des Raummoduls nur eine einzige Decken- bzw. Bodenplatte vorgesehen. Soweit die in benachbarten Stockwerken des mehrstöckigen Raummoduls angeordneten Pfosten einander gleichachsig fortsetzen, wie dies insbesondere bei den Eckpfosten der Fall ist, können diese Pfosten von einer einzigen gemeinsamen Gewindestange durchsetzt werden, deren Enden dann an den Ecken der obersten Decken- bzw. untersten Bodenplatte herausragen, so dass dort in grundsätzlich gleicher Weise, wie es oben für ein eingeschossiges Raummodul beschrieben wurde, Muttern bzw. Innengewindeteile unter Zwischenschaltung von Ringscheiben gegen die Rahmen der jeweiligen Boden- bzw. Deckenplatte gespannt werden können.Furthermore, the floor or ceiling panels 1 and the posts 7 and 21 can also be used to produce multi-storey room modules. In this case, only a single ceiling or floor plate is usually provided between directly superimposed floors of the room module. As far as the arranged in adjacent floors of the multi-storey room module poles continue each other coaxially, as is the case in particular with the corner posts, these posts can be penetrated by a single common threaded rod, the ends then protrude at the corners of the uppermost ceiling or bottom plate, so that there in fundamentally the same way as described above for a single-storey room module, nuts or internal thread parts with the interposition of washers against the frame of the respective floor or ceiling plate can be stretched.

Anstelle der Gewindestangen können bei ein- sowie bei mehrstöckigen Raummodulen auch Spannseile vorgesehen sein, deren Enden an Gewindestücke anschließen, auf die dann die vorgenannten Muttern bzw. Innengewindeteile unter Zwischenschaltung der genannten Ringscheiben zur Verspannung aufgedreht werden.Instead of the threaded rods and tension cables can be provided in one and in multi-storey room modules, connect the ends of threaded pieces on which then the aforementioned nuts or female threaded parts are turned on with the interposition of said washers for clamping.

Die Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten können bei Bedarf auch als tragend einsetzbare Wandplatten benutzt werden, wobei gemäß Fig. 4 mehrere Boden- bzw. Deckenplatten 1 zur Bildung einer großen Wandplatte zusammengefügt werden können. Wie die Fig. 4 zeigt, können zu diesem Zweck in aneinander angrenzende Aussparungen 6 bzw. 60 der Beplankungen 5 der miteinander flächig zu verbindenden Platten 1 auf deren einer Seite oder auf deren beiden Seiten Flanschplatten 61 bzw. 62 oder 61' bzw. 62' angeordnet werden, die dann mittels die Längsbalken 2 der benachbarten bzw. der jeweiligen Platten 1 durchsetzende Schrauben oder dergleichen miteinander verbunden werden. Auf diese Weise besteht die Möglichkeit, mit geringem Herstellungsaufwand großflächige Wände herzustellen.If necessary, the floor or ceiling panels can also be used as load-bearing wall panels, according to Fig. 4 several floor or ceiling panels 1 can be joined together to form a large wall plate. As the Fig. 4 shows, for this purpose, in adjacent recesses 6 and 60 of the planking 5 of the plates to be connected to each other flat on one side or on both sides flange plates 61 and 62 or 61 'and 62' are arranged, which then by means of the longitudinal beams 2 of the adjacent or the respective plates 1 passing through Screws or the like are connected to each other. In this way, it is possible to produce large-scale walls with low production costs.

Bei Bedarf können die Pfosten auch als Balken eingesetzt werden, wobei mehrere vertikal übereinander liegend angeordnete Pfosten bzw. Balken einen hochbelastbaren Träger bilden können, dessen einzelne Balken mittels der Gewindestangen oder Spannseile in unterschiedlicher Weise vorgespannt werden können. Die Fig. 5 zeigt ein Beispiel für eine derartige Anordnung.If necessary, the posts can also be used as a beam, wherein a plurality of vertically stacked upright posts or beams can form a heavy-duty carrier whose individual beams can be biased by the threaded rods or tension cables in different ways. The Fig. 5 shows an example of such an arrangement.

Dabei zeigt die Fig. 5 außerdem, dass die Pfosten bzw. Balken 7 jeweils aus zwei Kanthölzern mit Rechteckquerschnitt zusammengesetzt sein können. Die Kanthölzer sind miteinander leimfrei verbunden, vorzugsweise durch Verstiftungen mittels selbstschneidender Schrauben. Auf ihren einander zugewandten breiten Seitenflächen besitzen die Kanthölzer jeweils eine Längsnut, wobei die beiden Längsnuten der beiden Kanthölzer gemeinsam einen Längskanal zur Aufnahme der obengenannten Gewindestange oder des stattdessen vorgesehen Spannseiles bilden. Die von den Kanthölzern gebildeten Pfosten bzw. Balken können prinzipiell mehrfach axial aneinander angesetzt werden, so dass praktisch beliebige überlange Pfosten oder Balken 7 herstellbar sind, die jeweils aus einander axial fortsetzenden kurzen Pfosten- bzw. Balkensegmenten zusammengesetzt sind. Dabei können diese Segmente mit an ihren Stirnenden angeordneten gegengleichen Keilverzinkungen formschlüssig ineinander greifen, wobei der Formschluss ohne Leim oder Kleber durch Verspannung der jeweils durchlaufenden Gewindestange bzw. des Spannseiles gesichert wird.It shows the Fig. 5 In addition, that the posts or beams 7 can each be composed of two squared timbers with a rectangular cross-section. The squared timbers are connected to each other without glue, preferably by pinning by means of self-tapping screws. On their mutually facing wide side surfaces, the square timbers each have a longitudinal groove, wherein the two longitudinal grooves of the two timbers together form a longitudinal channel for receiving the above-mentioned threaded rod or the tensioning cable provided instead. The posts or beams formed by the square timbers can in principle be attached to each other several times axially, so that virtually any overlong posts or beams 7 can be produced, which are each composed of axially extending short post or beam segments. In this case, these segments can engage positively with one another at their counterparts counter-wedge teeth, wherein the positive connection without Glue or adhesive is secured by tensioning the respective continuous threaded rod or the tensioning cable.

Die Fig. 6 bis 8 zeigen verschiedene Möglichkeiten, mit den in Fig. 5 für die dort dargestellten Balken bzw. Pfosten verwendeten Kanthölzern verschiedene Balken- oder Pfostenstrukturen bzw. Wand- oder Deckenstrukturen zu erstellen. Fig. 6 zeigt einen Balken, der aus in mehreren Lagen angeordneten Kanthölzern 70 zusammengesetzt ist, wobei die Kanthölzer 70 der jeweils nächsten Lage relativ zur vorangehenden Lage um die halbe Kantholzlänge versetzt angeordnet sind. Benachbarte Lagen der Kanthölzer 70 sind jeweils leimfrei durch Verstiftung mittels selbstschneidender Schrauben verbunden.The Fig. 6 to 8 show different ways with the in Fig. 5 For the beams and posts shown there squared timbers to create different beam or post structures or wall or ceiling structures. Fig. 6 shows a beam, which is composed of arranged in several layers squared timbers 70, wherein the squared timbers 70 of the next layer are arranged offset relative to the previous layer by half the timber length. Adjacent layers of squared timbers 70 are each connected glue-free by pinning by means of self-tapping screws.

Fig. 7 zeigt die Möglichkeit, dass die Lagen der Kanthölzer gegebenenfalls auch in Querrichtung relativ zueinander versetzt angeordnet sein können. Dadurch kann eine erhöhte Steifigkeit gegenüber Biegebeanspruchungen bezüglich einer zu den großen Seitenflächen der Kanthölzer 70 senkrechten Achse erreicht werden. Fig. 7 shows the possibility that the layers of squared lumber may optionally be arranged offset in the transverse direction relative to each other. As a result, an increased rigidity against bending stresses with respect to a perpendicular to the large side surfaces of the squared timbers 70 axis can be achieved.

Fig. 8 zeigt ganz allgemein die Möglichkeit, Strukturteile mit großen Querschnitten aus leimfrei, insbesondere durch Verstiftung mittels selbstschneidender Schrauben miteinander verbundenen Kanthölzern 70 zusammenzusetzen. Dabei sind einander benachbarte Kanthölzer jeweils in Längsrichtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet, wobei vorzugsweise vorgesehen ist, benachbarte Kantholzlagen auch in Querrichtung der Kanthölzer zueinander versetzt anzuordnen. Durch die in Fig. 8 gezeigte Verstiftung in zwei zueinander im wesentlichen senkrechten Richtungen, das heißt einerseits eine Verstiftung senkrecht zu den schmalen Seitenflächen der Kanthölzer und andererseits eine Verstiftung senkrecht zu den breiten Seitenflächen der Kanthölzer, wird ein äußerst belastbarer Verbund erzielt. Im Ergebnis können somit massive Wand-, Decken-, Pfosten- oder Trägerstrukturen erstellt werden. Fig. 8 shows quite generally the possibility of structural parts with large cross sections of glue-free, in particular by pinning together by means of self-tapping screws squared timbers 70 together. In this case, adjacent squared lumber each offset in the longitudinal direction to each other, wherein it is preferably provided adjacent Kantholzlagen also in the transverse direction of the Squared timbers offset to each other to arrange. By the in Fig. 8 shown pinning in two mutually substantially perpendicular directions, that is, on the one hand, a pinning perpendicular to the narrow side surfaces of the squared lumber and on the other hand, a pinning perpendicular to the wide side surfaces of squared timbers, an extremely resilient composite is achieved. As a result, thus massive wall, ceiling, post or support structures can be created.

Abweichend von der Darstellung in Fig. 8, in der die Kanthölzer 70 jeweils mit zueinander parallelen Längsachsen angeordnet sind, können die Kanthölzer auch in Form von miteinander verstiften Kreuzlagen angeordnet sein.Deviating from the illustration in Fig. 8 in which the squared timbers 70 are each arranged with longitudinal axes parallel to one another, the squared timbers can also be arranged in the form of mutually pinned cross plies.

Claims (20)

  1. A modular construction system for structural engineering with prefabricated floor and ceiling slabs and supports or posts (7) arranged or securable on the slab corners, wherein the floor or ceiling slabs exhibit a wood frame with stringers and crossbeams (2, 3),
    characterized in that
    the stringers and crossbeams (2, 3) arranged on the slab edges form continuous wood frames, which exhibit additional or inner crossbeams (4) arranged like rungs between the edge-side crossbeams (2, 3), that the wood frames are or can be covered top and bottom with squared beams, that these coverings (5) are recessed on the slab corners corresponding to the cross section of the posts or supports (7) arranged on the slab corners between a respective one floor slab and one ceiling slab, and that the posts or supports (7) are directly dowelled or joined with the wood frame of the respective slabs.
  2. The construction system according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the coverings (5) are designed as panels, in that lengths of wood (8) that comprise the coverings are doweled together, in particular by means of self-cutting screws, wherein the pins (9) are each arranged parallel to the covering plane and perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the squared beams (8).
  3. The construction system according to one of claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    hollow spaces between the coverings (5) are or can be filled with insulating materials.
  4. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the edge-side crossbeams and stringers (2, 3) on the frame corners cover each other and are doweled together.
  5. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the additional crossbeams (4) are doweled with the edge-side stringers by means of fittings.
  6. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the posts or supports (7) are joined with the wood frame of the adjoining slabs by means of threaded rods, which pass through an axial canal of the post or support as well as boreholes on the frame corners, and have screwed portions clamped against the frame corners threaded onto their free ends.
  7. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the open sides of the office modules between the corner posts can be sealed by means of standardized wall or window modules (20).
  8. The construction system according to claim 7,
    characterized in that
    the wall or window modules are sized in such a way that the openings between the corner posts (7) can be sealed on the narrow sides of the office modules by a respective two wall or window modules (20), and the openings on the long sides of the office modules can be sealed by four wall or window modules (20) and two standardized additional supports or posts (21), each in whatever sequence desired.
  9. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the floor or ceiling slabs exhibit a length-to-width ratio of 2 : 1.
  10. The construction system according to claim 8 or 9,
    characterized in that
    the additional supports or posts (21) have the same cross sections as the corner posts (7).
  11. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that
    the floor or ceiling slabs (1) can be used as parts of walls or bearing walls.
  12. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 11,
    characterized in that
    the posts (7, 21) consist of lumber, in particular squared beams, that fill out the post cross section while leaving open a central axial canal, and that a tension member, e.g., in particular a threaded rod or tensioning rope, is arranged in the axial canal.
  13. The construction system according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the posts (7, 21) consist of two squared beams with a rectangular cross section, and the axial canal is composed of central longitudinal grooves on the facing lateral surfaces of the squared beams.
  14. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the construction system contains summers, posts and/or wall, ceiling and/or roof systems, which are composed of squared beams (70) that sequentially overlap in the longitudinal and/or transverse direction.
  15. The construction system according to claim 14,
    characterized in that
    the squared beams (70) are doweled together, in particular by means of self-cutting screws.
  16. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 15,
    characterized in that
    all wood elements are designed as adhesive-free wood structures.
  17. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 16,
    characterized in that
    the construction system contains structural parts with large cross sections of squared beams (70), which are joined together without glue by means of self-cutting screws.
  18. The construction system according to one of claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that
    the longitudinal or transverse edges of the floor or ceiling slabs are hooked into lateral recesses between the top chord and bottom chord of cantilevered double-T girders.
  19. The construction system according to claim 18,
    characterized in that
    the edge-side stringers or crossbeams of the floor or ceiling slabs are provided with profile beams, whose width corresponds to the horizontal depth of the recesses between the top and bottom chord of the double-T-girder, so that the horizontal distance between the double-T-girders can correspond to the length or width of the floor or ceiling slabs.
  20. The construction system according to claim 12 or 13,
    characterized in that
    corner posts (7) that uniaxially continue in adjacent floors of a multistory office module are traversed by a single, shared threaded rod or shared tensioning rope, the ends of which have threaded pieces project out at the corners of the uppermost ceiling or lowermost floor slab, so that nuts or female threaded parts can be clamped against the frames of the respective floor or ceiling slab, with the interspersion of eyebolts.
EP08853675A 2007-11-29 2008-12-01 Construction system for tall structures Active EP2099978B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE200710057890 DE102007057890A1 (en) 2007-11-29 2007-11-29 Construction system for buildings
PCT/EP2008/066532 WO2009068687A1 (en) 2007-11-29 2008-12-01 Construction system for tall structures

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CA (1) CA2706802A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007057890A1 (en)
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RU2010119771A (en) 2012-01-10
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WO2009068687A1 (en) 2009-06-04
EP2099978A1 (en) 2009-09-16
US20100251628A1 (en) 2010-10-07
US8904715B2 (en) 2014-12-09
DE102007057890A1 (en) 2009-06-04

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