DE3117182A1 - Construction system for, in particular, multi-storey buildings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction system for, in particular, multi-storey buildings with supports, crossmembers and floor panels, wall panels and ceiling panels or roof panels and/or unitised units. In the case of such structures known hitherto, complex foundations to be erected by means of in-situ concrete were necessary in order to absorb the vertical forces channelled away via the supports. The invention provides for the arrangement, on the outer periphery of the supports, of at least two force-channelling panels, parallel to the support axis and not located in one plane, such that the central planes of said panels cut the support axis, that the force-channelling panels are connected, by mechanical connecting means, on the crossmembers, prefabricated compound units and/or unitised units, and that, from the supports, crossmembers and prefabricated compounds units and/or unitised units provided with force-channelling panels, there is formed a lowermost unitised-unit slab which is stable in terms of statics and, instead of an in-situ-concrete foundation, channels away all the forces, acting vertically in the supports, downwards into the bottom of the structure and absorbs the moments from horizontal forces of any origin. The construction system according to the invention is mainly used in the construction of multi-storey residential buildings and functional buildings, e.g. schools and small hospitals (excluding high-rise buildings).

Description

Construction system for, in particular, multi-storey buildings

The invention relates to a building system for, in particular, multi-storey buildings Buildings with columns and bars, preferably made of steel, and prefabricated parts, e.g. Prefabricated panels in the form of floor, wall and ceiling or roof panels and / or Room cells, as well as for the foundation.

There are building structures known with a steel frame e.g.

made of hollow steel profiles, the plate-shaped prefabricated parts for floors, Walls and ceilings or even entire compact room cells made of concrete. Be there usually all vertical forces through the supports of the steel frame via individual Concrete foundations are derived from the subsoil by placing the supports individually be placed on your own concrete foundations with a base plate at the lower end. With regard to concrete foundations for steel columns, the rule applies that (since the permissible Tensions in steel are a multiple of those in concrete) at the column base that on thin ones Walls concentrated vertical support forces distributed over a larger area must be so that the permissible pressure in the concrete foundation is not exceeded. For this purpose, the steel supports are given a steel base plate with larger ones Cross-sections or pressure areas (see e.g. Stahlbau-Atlas, multi-storey buildings from Hart, Henn and Sontag, Verlag Architektur and Baudetail, Munich 1974, page 232). It is also assumed here that both the supports as well the foundations specially dimensioned for the individual case, the foundations made of in-situ concrete carried out and special measures are taken to compensate for tolerances.

However, this manufacturing process is because all parts are individual must be sized and executed, both material and labor intensive and, moreover, it requires a relatively large amount of time first in planning, but then also in the execution. And this is the cause of the high construction costs, in particular make housing uneconomical.

A particular problem arises from the fact that houses, in particular Residential houses, not like washing machines or televisions in large numbers the same shape, size and functionality can be produced because any structure must be adapted to the particular task, the property and the environment. at In addition to apartments, every apartment owner has the desire to personalize want to realize his living space himself.

The aim of the invention is therefore to create a HalisysLem for in particular to create multi-storey buildings, which compared to the state of Technology brings savings in construction time, labor and material and thus overall can be carried out more economically, in that components with Typically produced industrially in series, but in a changeable form Design can be assembled in a modular manner based on individual wishes.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a building system, which is characterized by the features a) to c) of claim 1.

This lowest, statically stable space cell disc forms the basis " for the whole building; it is therefore also referred to as the "base cell disk", because they have their own previously required, i.e. individually assigned to each support In-situ concrete foundations replaced. The cost-effectiveness is increased considerably by the fact that this "basic cell disc" not only requires a minimum of personnel Saves material, but also creates spaces over which in the shortest possible assembly time then the rest of the structure can be created. The whole of the columns and Riesomit Existing frameworks can be applied over the base plate without extensive work preparation erected and equipped with further prefabricated parts. In doing so, over the force guide plates any biaxial or triaxial components - (frame or panels or room cells), preferably connected to the supports with screws. It is essential that all forces introduced via the force guide plates are mutually exclusive Cut in the column axes, at the same time each column in three perpendicular to each other standing axes is held and that on each individual support vertically downwards acting forces over the entire lowest room cell disc (base cell disc) transferred to the subsoil ("natural soil"), but also at the same time the bending moments from horizontal forces are compensated. From this it follows as a result that the lowest space cell disc on one with the simplest means prepared, stable and level subsurface can be set up. The lower Edges of the perpendicular parts the lowest space cell pane for leveling e.g.

be supported by simple standard strip foundations, which in a grid of lines.

After completion of the framework from supports and bars and the lowest space cell disc (base cell disc) can then be placed between the Sections of the supports above the lowest room cell pane using prefabricated components E.g. in the form of panels, additional rooms are designed and / or entire room cells are used will. It is of crucial importance that you do this with regard to the room sizes and arrangements despite the use of standardized series parts for the framework can vary. The construction system according to the invention has thus far not been satisfactory Solved requirement with a relatively small range of standardized "modular elements" to create multi-storey buildings that are a variation of the structure as a whole as well as a variation of the room sizes and arrangements within the enclosing walls of a given structure. (Under multi-storey buildings will in the present case understood a building that has more than one storey, however not a multitude of floors in the sense of a "high-rise".) Further developments of the invention emerge from the subclaims. By the features of the claim 2, for example, the advantage is achieved that the supports are attached to wall panels via the force guide plates and / or room cells can be anchored even better, so that in particular bending moments, which arise in the columns due to horizontal forces, are introduced more safely into the columns will can.

Through the developments of the invention according to claims 3 and 4, the cost-effectiveness of the building system is further increased (since the separate fastening the force guide plates, e.g. by welding or screwing onto the supports, is not required).

A material saving as well as the use of commercially available support profiles and at the same time there is a large possibility of variation resulting from the subject matter of the claim 5.

The features of claims 7 and 8, inter alia, the assembly work further facilitated, because you can e.g. when using so-called compact room cells First set them up on the building site (or on strip foundations) and then move the supports into the gaps that correspond to the ones that meet Recessed corners of the compact room cells are provided.

To further facilitate the assembly work, it is also useful to if the force guide plates attached to the supports have fitting bores for receiving of guide pins anchored in the prefabricated slabs or compact room cells or are reversed. Although hollow profiles made of steel for the supports and transoms are preferred, but these components can also be made of light metal or Wood or metal-wood combinations exist.

The invention will then be described with reference to the drawings of exemplary embodiments explained. There are shown: FIG. 1 schematically the construction system according to the invention on the basis of FIG from just four columns and a single room cell made of prefabricated slabs Concrete; FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the lower part of a support of FIG. 1 with the force guide plates and the one connected to this support via the force guide plates Precast slabs; FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of the lower part of a Support, which in this case with the corners of three compact room cells made of concrete connected is; Figures 4-9 show various cross-sectional views of supports, respectively below and above a force guide plate with a horizontal pressure surface, the different Illustrate connections of precast concrete slabs; Figures 10-12 three further cross-sectional views of variations of a support above a force guide plate with a horizontal printing surface, which is partially cut off, around the ones below Compact room cells made of concrete, in particular the formation of their corner areas and to show their connection to the support; Fiq. 13 details of a support; Fiquren 14 and 15 the expansion of the upper floors of a building according to the inventive Building system; FIGS. 16-19 each have parts of different supports made from bevelled or are composed of roll formed steel or metal strips; Fig. 20 a part of a support made of a square tube, to which force guide plates are screwed which are parts of multiple angled plate pieces; Fiq. 21 a variant the embodiment according to Fiq. 20, in which the force guide plates also serve to to connect two supports; Fiq. 22 a support, on the example of the force guide plates several horizontal bars are connected.

ig. 1 shows schematically a simplest "lowest space cell disc" (Basic cell disc) of a building or part of such a room cell disc, that of four supports 1, 2, 3 and 4 made of steel with a box-shaped cross-section as well a series of precast concrete slabs 5 - 9 to form a statically stable unit is composed. The prefabricated slab forming the floor lies in the horizontal XY plane 5, while between the supports 1 and 2 upright the precast slab 6, between the supports 1 and 4 upright the prefabricated slab 7, between the r upright supports 2 and 9 'the prefabricated slab 8 and between the supports 3 and 4 upright the prefabricated slab 9 is arranged, the four last-mentioned, upright precast panels form the walls of the lowest space cell pane or a part of it. That's why further edgewise precast panels are also indicated in dashed lines. The prefabricated slabs 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 and one not shown, the ceilings pre-fabricated slab can be particularly advantageous in the factory to form a "compact room cell" be united.

The details of the connection of the foundation forming, upright precast slabs on a support, e.g.

to the support 1 are shown in FIG. The support 1 is in I1ö the vertical prefabricated panels 6 and 7 with a welded force guide plate 10 with horizontal printing area and on all four sides with floor-to-ceiling, vertical standing, centrally arranged, web-shaped force guide plates 11, 12, 13 and 14 (Fig. 4), which are also welded to the support 1 so that their Central planes intersect the column axis. The force guide plate 10 is based on the upper edges of the precast slabs 6 and 7, while the precast slabs 6 and 7 by screws (not shown) on the force guide plates 12 and 13 (Fig. 4) are attached. The force guide plate 10 transmits the output from the support 1 Forces in the Z axis, while the force guide plate 12 lying in the XZ plane the Forces acting in this plane are transmitted to the precast slab 7. The force guide plate 13 finally transfers the forces from column 1 in the Y-Z plane to the precast slab 6. It can thus be seen that the support 1 is fixed in space solely by this, that they over the three force guide plates 10, 12, 13 with the edgewise precast panels 6 and 7 is connected. The lying precast slab 5 can also alternatively connected to the support 1, e.g.

with the help of another, not shown here, horizontal force guide plate. The standing precast slabs 6, 7, 8 and 9 form with the lying precast slab 5 a rigid structure, the so-called, already mentioned above, base cell cone. By the static bond between the columns and the five precast slabs will the vertical forces coming from the supports on this lowest space or base cell disc and within this transferred to the entire lying precast slab 5, so that under the precast slab 5 there is overall a relatively low floor pressure. For example, if a horizontal force acts on support 1, this creates a torque on the Causes support, this torque is absorbed by the total weight the lowest space or base cell disk.

The same applies analogously to supports 2 - 4. As already mentioned above, is indicated in Fig. 1 in dashed lines that further upright on all supports standing, wall-forming prefabricated panels for expanding the lowest room or Base cell disc can be connected.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the force guide plates 11, 12, 13, 14 (Fig. 4) at the same time connecting elements for adjacent prefabricated panels. But there is also the possibility, instead of individual prefabricated panels, which on the construction site can be assembled into so-called unitized room cells, too compact, i.e. factory prefabricated room cells, hereinafter referred to as compact room cells called to use. As is known, these are spatial bodies, their Floor, wall and ceiling panels are integrally connected to one another. This solution is shown in Fig. 3 and with it are e.g. on the support 1 by means of the force guide plates 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 three compact room cells 15, 16 and 17 are connected. Here you can also the walls of the compact room cells with door, window and other openings be provided, as indicated in FIG. 3.

Further details can be found in FIG. 4, which will be explained below will.

Figures 2 and 3 show the force guide plates 11, 12, 13 and 14 a series of bores 18 which are used to receive screws 19 (Fig. 4), which can also be found through corresponding holes in the precast slabs 6, 7, etc. or the walls of the compact space cells 15, 16, 17 extend through and the composite between the named parts. As mentioned earlier, through this Screws not only establish a connection between the force guide plates Supports and the individual upright precast panels or compact room cells, but at the same time the walls of two adjacent room cells will also be created or compact room cells rigidly connected to one another. Figures 4-9 show again the support 1 from the preceding figures with a box-shaped cross-section and welded, longitudinal or vertical force guide plates 11-14 for different Combination with upright precast panels 6, 7, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27 made of concrete. These precast panels have openings 18a through which the screws 19 extend therethrough. Otherwise, the same parts are the same Reference numbers marked. In detail, Figures 4 and 5 show in section the connection of upright precast slabs on all four sides of the column, FIGS. 6 and 7 correspond to a three-sided connection and FIGS. 8 and 8 9 a corner connection of precast panels.

The embodiment according to Figures 8 and 9 is representative of the Corner formation of the simple lowest room or basic cell pane after Fig. 1 shown. With 10, 10a and 10b the different ones on the support 1 are horizontal arranged force guide plates. In Figures 10-12 are variations of the supports.

The supports with the box-shaped cross-section can be both hollow are used as well as in a known manner to increase the load capacity according to Fig. 13 be filled with concrete 50.

Fig. 10 shows the support 1 in an enlarged cross section above Force guide plate 10. In this case, in accordance with FIG. 3, there are four compact space cells 15, 16, 17 and 21 connected to the support 1, the Sompakt, ^ a-lm cells at their corner areas are recessed so that they are attached to the support 1 and the longitudinal, Storey-high force guide plates 11, 12, 13 and 14 are brought to bear in full can. The compact room cells are therefore both form-fitting and non-positive connected to the supports. It should be noted that the supports are at floor level in the corner area of the compact space cells 15, 16, 17 and 21 inserted and with these by screws 19 are screwed. As a result, the lever arm of this restraint is very large Compared to the previously known traditional Ein tensions of supports in individually locally executed foundations made of in-situ concrete.

In the right part of Fig. 10, the force guide plate 10 is shown, which is supported on the upper sides of the compact space cells 15, 16, 17 and 21. in the the left part of FIG. 10 is the longitudinal or vertical force guide plate in section 11 shown, with one of their bores 18, which point to openings 18a in the Walls of the adjacent compact room cells 17 and 21 are aligned A screw 19 with an unscrewed nut 20 extends sic through the bore 18 and the openings 18a to the connection under the mentioned space cells as well with the support 1 via the force guide plate 11. This explanation applies analogously also for the connection of the remaining compact space cells to the force guide plates 12, 13 and 14 of column 1.

Particularly in FIGS. 10-12 it can be clearly seen that in the top of the compact room cells in the corner area pegs 31 are anchored, which when inserting a support into the cavity in the corner area of neighboring compact space cells come into matching engagement with bores 32 in the force guide plates 10 of the supports. Conversely, the pins on the force guide plates 10 and the holes in the Individual panels (e.g. 33, 34) or the compact space cells 15, 16 etc. can be arranged.

Fig. 11 corresponds to Fig. 10 with the difference that a hollow Column with a square cross-section at 450 opposite the grid lines of the walls is rotated and the force guide plates 11-14 are arranged on the outer edges of the support are that their median planes intersect the column axis. The advantage of this arrangement lies in the fact that individual plates 33, 34 more tightly sealed with beveled side edges can be pressed against the support, with a slight undersize in the Length of these plates is a gap 51 between two adjacent plates at the corner arises. This is important for the tolerance compensation, as with the one practiced here dry assembly "with usual Dimensional deviations of the finished parts must be expected. The same applies to those provided here instead of wet plaster manufacture cladding panels in the form of plasterboard 35 or the like. The resulting Gap 51 is then sealed with a permanently elastic cement and / or with a Enclosed angle 52. This is important because the location is on the upper floors the supports is fixed by the lowest space or base cell disc and the Pre-fabricated parts mounted between the supports, usual dimensional deviations in length can have.

The same principles apply analogously to dimensional compensation in connection with the dimensional deviations in the thickness of the individual plates 33 and 34 and all other wall-forming plates and for the gap 37, the size of which is the thickness of the force guide plate e.g. 12 is determined. This gap 37 can by a Insulation material to be filled if this is so elastic that it is the thickness the force guide plates 11, 12, 13, 14 adapts. The arrangement of the support as shown in the picture 11 and 12 (cf. also Fig. 22) is thermally favorable because through here the cladding panels a better thermal insulation is achieved with those treated so far Embodiments are as supports one-piece hollow profiles with box-shaped Cross section used. Fig. 12 now shows a variant in which the support 1a from four folded sheet steel profile rails 28 is composed, on which the vertical force guide plates 29a, 29b, 30a and 30b, etc. are formed. The screws 19 extend through bores 18 in these force guide plates and through openings 18a in the compact room cells 15a, 16a, 17a and 21a, similar to at of the embodiment according to FIG. 10. The compact room cells are so truncated at their corners and recessed that they are not on the support 1a, but on the vertical force guide plates can be connected close-fitting. In this case too, the support is 1a rotated relative to the connected compact room cells similar to FIG. 11. The problem of the dimension compensation is solved very favorably because the corner formation of the Concrete body becomes simpler and through the formation of joints in certain places, Above all, constraints are avoided in the holes for the screws. the Support 1a can consist of sheet steel profile rails 28 over its entire height.

However, it is also possible to make the support 1a above from a square tube to train, at the lower end of the sheet steel profile rails 28 in the amount of Compact space cells are welded on, which form the base cell disc in this case form. It is also mentioned that the sheet steel profile rails 28 are welded together are.

In Fig. 13 a support 1 is again in perspective with details shown. In this case, the vertical ones are parallel to the column axis Z lying force guide plates 38, 39, 40, 41 executed in sections to material and to save costs, but in such a way that the connected prefabricated slabs are also used here made of concrete or compact room cells are attached "floor-to-ceiling", i.e. in such a way that the Connection between the connected prefabricated slabs or the compact room cells and the support extends over the entire height H1 of the base cell disk. At 49 is a concrete filling inside the box-shaped support 1 is shown.

Fig. 14 shows the assembly of a multi-storey building in which the four supports 1 ', 2 e 39 4' in the upper area by horizontal bars 44 - 47 are connected.

The connection of the horizontal bars 44 - 47 with the vertical Supports 1 ', 2', 3 ', 4' are made via the force guide plates of the supports, e.g. below Use of screws. Any wall panels can then be placed on the horizontal transom or brick walls or other wall constructions are put on. In each In the sense of the description above, the case is the sum of all perpendicular forces the supports and the base cell disk down, and in this case also over the strip foundations 43 transferred to the subsoil.

The filling in of the skeletal gaps between the upper parts of the supports 1 '-4' (Fig. 15) can be replaced by vertically standing prefabricated sil plates (wall plates 6 ') and the rooms are covered by ceiling panels 48, which are precast concrete parts Executed in one piece or made of finished parts in the form of strips Individual elements or can be assembled from beams and plate elements What is essential is the possibility of using very different components that are customary in the hardware store to be used from any building material or building material combination.

In this way there is also the possibility of extensive variation the design in the external appearance and the size of the interiors and their To carry out equipment inside as well as the work performance through "self-help construction" to be used by the builders. Finally, the possibility of expansion favors with locally procured cladding elements Use of the building system in disaster areas and developing countries.

Above all, the design shown here also meets the need against completing a shell very quickly to the outside through the roof and walls, in order to then complete the construction under the protection of these parts regardless of the weather. For example, after installing the latch at the top of the Do not support 1 '- 4' on the uppermost frame parts within a very short time to put on the roof plate shown.

In the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 14 and 15, the supports carry 1 '- 4' support plates at their lower ends (as in Fig.

13), with which they are placed on the strip foundations 43 resp.

the base plate 5 are supported, making their stability with the assembly of the "framework" made of supports and transoms is improved.

Figures 16-19 show four different supports 1b -die from Profile rails folded or angled by roll forming and welded together 50, 51, -53 and 54 are composed. These rails are preferably made of steel each together form a square hollow profile with two (Fig. 17 and 19), three (Fig. 18) or four (Fig. 16) force guide plates 55, which extend over the entire height of the supports extend. The embodiment according to FIG. 16 is otherwise identical with that of FIG. 12.

In Fig. 20 only part of a support 1 is shown on the plate pieces 56 are screwed, which are each angled twice to force guide plates 57 to train. These plate pieces 56 can be of any height and number of pieces a support 1 are arranged, and the force guide plates 57 each act in pairs together. With 58 angle rails are designated, each paired a horizontal Form latch and are screwed with their ends to the force guide plates 57. In this case, too, the center plane intersects two adjacent force guide plates 57 the axis of the column 1.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 21, the plate pieces 56 are used with the angled force guide plates 57 at the same time to connect two supports if and 1g. In this variant, the plate pieces 56 are at about halfway up screwed to a connecting piece 59, and this connecting piece 59 is supported on the upper end edge of the support 1g, which is surrounded by the plate pieces 56, away. At the same time, the support If, surrounded by the pad pieces (> n 56, sits on the top of the connector 59. With 58, 20 angle rails are analogous to FIG denotes, which are screwed in pairs to the force guide plates 57 and the horizontal Form bars.

Fig. 22 shows a support 1 made of a square tube, at the edges the force guide plates 38, 39, 40, 41, 59 according to Fig.

11 are welded on. On the force guide plates 38, 39 are U-profiles 60 screwed on in pairs as horizontal bars on the framework. On the other force guide plates 40, 41 and 59 der; t til .t 1 Ic (jnnel1 several angled rails for the formation of horizontal bars be screwed on. With 61 diagonal struts are screwed to the horizontal bars which ensure the stability of the framework as long as the gaps in the The framework is not filled with stiffening plates.

In Fig. 22 also shows the possibility of the Stützc l for To increase the load-bearing capacity, fill in with concrete 49.

In the case of the supports 1b to 1e, e.g. in FIGS. 16-19, they point to the side protruding force guide plates 55 the same length, but twice the material thickness as the hollow body of the supports. Here, like the profiling, also the connection of the profile rails 50 - 54 by e.g. resistance, spot or roll welding and the perforation of the force guide plates takes place in the course of a flow production. With light metal The entire profile can be manufactured using the extrusion process as a building material for the supports take place. Force guide plates are formed over the entire length of the supports this beneficially participates in the static load-bearing effect of the column.

In the case of double-shell walls, the force guide plates are advantageous of the supports a "void zone" is formed, which allows any electrical and other lines can be laid at the same time as wall mounting, so that subsequent work is not necessary.

This "empty zone" caused by the force guide plates also makes it possible to very easy and quick, between two main supports of the framework construction to arrange further auxiliary supports if necessary and at these to attach the wall panels.

For the walls, for example, common bricks, aerated concrete blocks or The like. Are used or handcrafted wooden constructions, or large format Slabs manufactured industrially as prefabricated parts, e.g. made of aerated concrete with brackets for Attachment to the force guide plates of the supports or using synthetic resin Pressed prefabricated parts made of wood-based materials or asbestos-cement panels or cement-bonded Boards with wood chips and / or glass fibers, or factory-made sandwich elements, E.g. insulation boards made of mineral fibers with glued plasterboard. The inventive The building system advantageously promotes to a large extent the self-help of the builder.

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Claims (10)

Claims 1. Construction system for, in particular, multi-storey buildings with supports and transoms, preferably made of steel and prefabricated parts, e.g. prefabricated slabs in the form of floor, wall and ceiling or roof panels and / or room cells, as well for the foundation, characterized by the following features: a) on the outer circumference of the supports are at least two force guide plates that are not in one plane arranged so that their central planes lie in planes of symmetry (XZ, YZ) that the Cut column axis (Z); b) the force guide plates are made by mechanical connecting means connected to the transoms, prefabricated parts and / or room cells; c) from the with force guide plates provided supports, transoms as well as prefabricated parts and / or room cells is a lowest, statically stable space cell disc is formed, all of which act vertically in the supports Forces down into the subsoil and the moments from horizontal forces any cause. 2. Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the force guide plates the supports extend over the entire height of one or more floors. 3. Construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that the force guide plates and the supports are made in one piece, e.g. produced by extrusion in the case of light metal are. 4. Construction system according to claim 2, characterized in that the supports with the force guide plates angled by folding or roll forming and welded together Profile rails exist. 5. Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that the force guide plates are combined at least in pairs on multiple angled panel pieces, which are attached to the supports e.g. by screws. 6. Construction system according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the supports have a polygonal cross-section, and that the force guide plates are arranged on the outer edges of the supports. 7. Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the Rraft guide plates (10) on the supports are aligned perpendicular to the support axis (Z) Owns printing area. 8. Construction system according to claim 7, characterized in that the force guide plates (10) with the horizontal pressure surface on the top of the base plates (5) or on the upper edges of wall panels (6 - 9) or on the ceilings of compact room cells (15 - 17, 21) are supported. 9. Building system according to claims 1-8, characterized in that those for stiffening the framework from supports and transoms serving Room cell walls (6, 7) made of concrete by means of heat-insulating elements and / or energy-saving Curtain walls are clad. 10. Construction system according to claims 1-9, characterized in that the wall panels or compact room cells in the basic cell pane in whole or in part made of concrete, while those on the upper floors are made of lightweight construction materials and wall panels that cannot be statically stressed by means of diagonals in the gaps of the Supports and bars of the existing framework are stiffened.