EP2090850B1 - Kühlmaschine - Google Patents
Kühlmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2090850B1 EP2090850B1 EP07849920.9A EP07849920A EP2090850B1 EP 2090850 B1 EP2090850 B1 EP 2090850B1 EP 07849920 A EP07849920 A EP 07849920A EP 2090850 B1 EP2090850 B1 EP 2090850B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- condensation section
- refrigerating machine
- cooling
- temperature
- cooling stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 135
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 135
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 119
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 50
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
- F25D19/006—Thermal coupling structure or interface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/17—Re-condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
- F25D2400/02—Refrigerators including a heater
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerating machine.
- GM refrigerating machines are being utilized for measurement of physical properties of samples under cryogenic temperature environments near 4 K, measurement of various physical quantities using sensors that utilize a very low temperature environment, and the like. These refrigerating machines cool a target object by repeating compression and expansion (freezing cycle) of a refrigerant gas such as He gas. However, temperature oscillations occur in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted as a result of heat flow pulses attributable to the freezing cycle mentioned above. Reductions in these temperature oscillations are desired in order to stably cool the target object.
- a refrigerant gas such as He gas
- Patent Document 1 there is disclosed a cryogenic refrigerating machine that includes; a regeneration device which is provided on a cooling unit to which a target object is attached, that stores helium gas or helium gas and liquid helium in its interior, and a helium gas introducing and discharging device that connects a compressed helium gas supply device and the regeneration device.
- Patent Document 2 there is disclosed a cryogenic temperature damper furnished with; a helium gas introduction inlet that introduces a required amount of helium gas at room temperature, a condenser chamber that condenses the helium gas, and a liquid helium chamber that stores the condensed liquid helium.
- Document EP1 557 624 A2 discloses a cryogenic system that includes a space formed between a cooling stage of a cryocooler unit and an element to be cooled, and a thermal joint placed in the space, wherein the thermal joint is composed of a substance that has a melting point higher than the cooling temperature of the element to be cooled and that is in a liquid or gaseous state at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
- Document US 3,188,830 A discloses a device for filtering heat flux excursions or oscillations and more particularly a thermal filter for smoothing oscillations in heat flux or cold being conducted form a cyclic refrigerator to an infrared detector at cryogenetic temperatures.
- the present invention was made in order to solve the aforementioned problems, and has an object of providing a refrigerating machine which enables the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted to be reduced, and furthermore, enables cooling of the target object to be uniform and stable.
- a refrigerating machine includes: a cooling stage that cools a target object; a He condensation section which stores liquid He in its interior and comprises a table onto which said object is mounted the table being arranged on the bottom face of said He condensation section; a reservoir that communicates with said He condensation section, and is filled with He gas; and a heat transfer buffer member that is arranged between the bottom face of said cooling stage and the top face of said He condensation section, and is composed of a material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of said He condensation section, wherein corrugations are formed on a contact face between said heat transfer buffer member and said cooling stage or said condensation stage.
- the heat flow pulses attributable to the freezing cycles of the refrigerating machine are absorbed by evaporation and condensation (phase transitions) of the He in the He condensation section.
- the heat transfer buffer member functions as a mechanism for restricting the heat flow, the transfer of temperature oscillations in the cooling stage is controlled. As a result, it is possible to reduce the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted. Further, since the cooling stage, the heat transfer buffer member, the He condensation section, and the target object are sequentially arranged in a coaxial manner, uniform and stable cooling of the target object becomes possible.
- the He condensation section is composed of a material with a thermal conductivity of 200 W/(m-K) or more at temperatures near 4 K.
- the target object can be efficiently cooled by the liquid He that has been condensed in the He condensation section.
- the heat transfer buffer member is composed of a material with a thermal conductivity of less than 100 W/(m ⁇ K) at temperatures near 4 K.
- a volume capacity of the He condensation section is 10 cc or more and 100 cc or less.
- the He condensation section can be made compact while ensuring the storage volume of liquid He that is required for cooling the target object.
- a volume capacity of the reservoir is 5 to 100 times the volume capacity of the He condensation section.
- the reservoir can be made compact while ensuring the storage volume of He gas that is required for cooling the target object.
- a pressure of the He gas filled in the reservoir is 0.1 MPa or more and 1.0 MPa or less at room temperature.
- It may be arranged such that a fin is vertically installed on an inner surface of the He condensation section.
- a porous structure is installed on an inner surface of the He condensation section.
- the refrigerating machine further includes: a temperature sensor and a heater that are installed in the He condensation section; and a control section that drives the heater based on measurement results of the temperature sensor.
- the heater in the case where the temperature of the He condensation section falls below a predetermined value, the heater can be driven to restore the temperature of the He condensing section to a predetermined value. Consequently, the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted can be reduced.
- the present invention by providing a heat transfer buffer member, transfer of the temperature oscillations in the cooling stage are prevented, and as a result, the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted can be reduced. Furthermore, since the cooling stage, the heat transfer buffer member, the He condensation section, and the target object are sequentially arranged in a coaxial manner, uniform and stable cooling of the target object becomes possible.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a refrigerating machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the refrigerating machine 1 includes; a second cooling stage 14 for cooling a target object 40, a He condensation section 20 onto which the target object 40 is mounted, a reservoir 30 which is filled with He gas 50 and that communicates with the He condensation section 20, and a heat transfer buffer member 16 that is arranged between the second cooling stage 14 and the He condensation section 20 and is composed of a material that has a lower thermal conductivity than the He condensation section 20.
- the refrigerating machine 1 is primarily furnished with a compressor 4, a main body 2, and a cooling unit 15.
- the compressor 4 compresses low pressure He gas that is supplied from a low-pressure pipe 8 and supplies it to a high pressure piping 6 as high-pressure He gas.
- the main body 2 continuously switches a connection of the He gas flow path between the high pressure piping 6 and the low pressure piping 8 within the cooling unit 15 mentioned below, by a driving force from a motor or the like.
- the cooling unit 15 is provided so as to be continuous with the main body 2.
- the cooling unit 15 is arranged in the interior of a vacuum chamber 10 that is maintained at a vacuum environment, and generates coldness by expansion of the He gas that circulates within the interior.
- the first cooling section 11 and the second cooling section 13 are formed in a cylindrical shape, and the first cooling stage 12 and the second cooling stage 14 are formed in a disk shape, and are coaxially arranged.
- a He gas flow path (not shown in the drawings) is formed in the interior of the cooling unit 15.
- the high-pressure He gas that is supplied to the He gas flow path expands endothermically in the second cooling stage 14, and changes into low-pressure He gas.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 is provided on the bottom face of the second cooling stage 14, the bottom face being between the second cooling stage 14 and the He condensation section 20 mentioned below.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 is formed in a plate shape, for example with a diameter of several tens of mm, and a thickness of around 2 mm.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 is configured by a material such as stainless material, that has a lower thermal conductivity than the later mentioned He condensation section 20 at temperatures near 4 K. In particular, if the heat transfer buffer member 16 is composed of a material with a thermal conductivity lower than 100 W/(m ⁇ K) at temperatures near 4 K, the transfer of the temperature oscillations of the second cooling stage 14 to the He condensation section 20 can be suppressed.
- the second cooling stage 14 the heat transfer buffer member 16, and the He condensation section 20 are fastened while In foil or the like is placed on both surfaces of the heat transfer buffer member 16.
- the He condensation section 20 on which the target object is mounted is provided on the bottom face of the heat transfer buffer member 16.
- the He condensation section 20 is configured by a material such as Cu, Ag, or A1, that has a higher thermal conductivity than the aforementioned heat transfer buffer member 16 at temperatures near 4 K.
- the He condensation section 20 is formed from oxygen-free copper.
- the target object 40 can be cooled efficiently by the liquid He condensed in the He condensation section 20.
- the He condensation section 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape with both ends sealed, and stores liquid He in its interior. If the volume capacity of the He condensation section is made to be 10 cc or more and 100 cc or less, the He condensation section can be made compact while ensuring the storage volume of liquid He required for cooling the target object. In the present embodiment, the volume capacity of the He condensation section 20 is set as 40 cc.
- a table 41 is arranged on the bottom face of the He condensation section 20.
- the bottom face of the table 41 is a cooling position, which is the mounting location of the target object 40.
- the table 41 is composed of a material that has similar physical properties to the He condensation section 20.
- the He condensation section 20 and the table 41 are fastened to each other while In foil or the like is placed between the He condensation section 20 and the table 41, and between the table 41 and the target object 40.
- the target object 40 may be placed with good thermal contact to the He condensation section 20, without providing the table 41.
- the second cooling stage 14 of the cooling unit 15, the heat transfer buffer member 16, the He condensation section 20, and the target object 40 constitute a heat conduction flow path from the target object.
- by sequentially arranging these in a coaxial manner it is possible to shorten the distance of the heat conduction flow path.
- a narrow tube 32 is extended from the He condensation section 20 and is constantly connected to the reservoir 30 that is arranged on the exterior of the vacuum chamber 10. It is desirable to make the volume capacity of the reservoir 30 from 5 to 100 times the volume capacity of the He condensation section 20. In the present embodiment, the volume capacity of the reservoir 30 is set as 3250 cc. As a result, the reservoir 30 can be made compact while ensuring the storage volume of He gas required for cooling the target object 40.
- He gas is filled in the interior of the reservoir 30. It is preferable for the pressure of the He gas to be 0.1 MPa or more and 1.0 MPa or less at room temperature. In the present embodiment, He gas 50 that has a pressure of 0.4 MPa at room temperature is filled in the reservoir 30. As a result, even if the refrigerating machine 1 stops and the liquid He 52 in the He condensation section 20 evaporates, the reservoir 30 will not become a high pressure.
- a thermal anchor 34 for heat exchange with the first cooling stage 12 is formed in a central portion of the narrow tube 32.
- the high-pressure He gas that is supplied to the cooling unit 15 from the compressor 4 expands endothermically in the second cooling stage 14, and changes into low-pressure He gas.
- the main body 2 continuously switches the connection of the He gas flow path of the cooling unit 15, between the high pressure piping 6 and the low pressure piping 8. As a result, the compression and expansion (freezing cycle) of the He gas is repeated, and thereby the temperature of the second cooling stage 14 becomes a cryogenic temperature.
- the He condensation section 20 is provided on the lower side of the second cooling stage 14.
- the He gas in the interior of the He condensation section 20 is condensed and liquefied, and liquid He 52 is produced.
- the liquid He is produced such that the volume ratio with respect to the volume capacity of the He condensation section 20 is 30% or less (for example, around 20%).
- temperature oscillations occur in the second cooling stage 14.
- the heat flow pulses attributable to the freezing cycle are absorbed by evaporation and condensation (phase transition) of the He. Consequently temperature oscillations equivalent to those in the second cooling stage 14 do not occur in the He condensation section 20, and thereby the temperature oscillations in the He condensation section 20 become small.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 which is composed of a material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the He condensation section 20, is provided between the second cooling stage 14 and the He condensation section 20.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 functions as a mechanism for restricting the heat flow. Therefore transfer of the temperature oscillations in the second cooling stage 14 to the He condensation section 20 can be suppressed. Consequently the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted can be reduced.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between the temperature of the second cooling stage and temperature oscillations.
- the temperature oscillations were measured for three types of apparatus configurations. Specifically, (1) temperature oscillations in the He condensation section 20 in the case where, as with the present embodiment, the second cooling stage 14, the heat transfer buffer member 16, and the He condensation section 20 were provided (diamond symbol plot), (2) temperature oscillations in the He condensation section 20 in the case where the second cooling stage 14 and the He condensation section 20 were provided without the heat transfer buffer member 16 (triangle symbol plot), and (3) temperature oscillations in the second cooling stage 14 in the case where neither the heat transfer buffer member 16 nor the He condensation section 20 were provided (circle symbol plot), were measured.
- the horizontal axis represents the temperature at the cooling position (position where the temperature oscillation were measured), which is the mounting location of the target object.
- the volume of the reservoir 30 was set as 3250 cc, the fill pressure of the He gas to the reservoir 30 was set as 0.4 MPa, and the volume ratio of the liquid He in the He condensation section 20 was set as 20%.
- the magnitudes of the temperature oscillations in the apparatus configurations were in order of (3) > (2) > (1).
- the higher the temperature at the cooling position the greater the difference in the temperature oscillations between the apparatus configurations.
- the temperature oscillations of the He condensation section 20 could be suppressed to ⁇ 9 mK in the case of a cooling position temperature of 4.2 K.
- the above measurement results confirmed that, compared to the apparatus configuration (3) with only the second cooling stage 14, the temperature oscillations are significantly lowered in the apparatus configuration (2) in which the He condensation section 20 has been added, and the temperature oscillations in the apparatus configuration (1), in which the heat transfer buffer member 16 and the He condensation section 20 are added, are further lowered compared to the configuration (2).
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between the volume ratio of liquid He in the He condensation section and the temperature oscillations.
- the volume capacity of the reservoir 30 was set as 3250 cc
- the maximum fill pressure of the He gas to the reservoir 30 was set as 0.48 MPa
- the temperature at the cooling position was set as 4.2 K.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between the temperature at the cooling position and cooling capacity.
- the volume ratio of the liquid He in the He condensation section 20 was set as 20%.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between the cooling time and the temperature at the cooling position.
- solid line the temperature at the cooling position in the case where the heat transfer buffer member was not provided
- square symbol plot the temperature at the cooling position in the case where the heat transfer buffer member was not provided
- the refrigerating machine (refer to FIG. 1 ) according to the present embodiment was configured with the heat transfer buffer member 16 composed of a material having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the He condensation section 20, provided between the He condensation section 20 on which the target object 40 is mounted, and the second cooling stage 14.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 functions as a mechanism for restricting the heat flow. Therefore transfer of the temperature oscillations in the second cooling stage 14 is suppressed. As a result, temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted can be reduced.
- the second cooling stage 14 the heat transfer buffer member 16, the He condensation section 20, and the target object 40 are sequentially arranged in a coaxial manner, the heat conduction flow path from the target object becomes axisymmetric and a short distance. Consequently, uniform and stable cooling of the target object 40 becomes possible.
- the volume ratio of the liquid He 52 in the He condensation section 20 can be suppressed to 30% or less. Consequently it is possible to miniaturize the reservoir 30 that is filled with the He gas 50. Moreover it is possible to lower the fill pressure of the He gas 50 at room temperature with respect to the reservoir 30. As a result, even if the refrigerating machine 1 stops and the liquid He 52 of the He condensation section 20 evaporates, a situation where the reservoir 30 and the He condensation section become a high pressure can be prevented.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the vicinity of the He condensation section of a refrigerating machine according to the present embodiment.
- fins 222 and 224 are vertically installed on inner surfaces 221 and 223 of a He condensing section 220. Detailed description of parts with the same configuration as in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the He condensation section 220 is arranged between a second cooling stage 14 and a target object 40.
- the He condensation section 220 is a cylindrical hollow container composed of a material such as Cu, Ag, or A1, and is filled with He gas 50.
- the He condensation section 220 is cooled by the second cooling stage 14, the He gas becomes condensed to be liquid He 52.
- the target object 40 is cooled.
- a plurality of the fins 222 and 224 is vertically installed on the inner surfaces of the He condensation section 220. It is preferable for the fins 222 and 224 to be composed of a material with a high thermal conductivity, as with the He condensation section 220.
- the fins 222 and 224 may be either integrally formed with the He condensation section 220, or formed separately and attached to the He condensation section 220.
- the first fins 222 are formed towards the ceiling surface 223 from the bottom surface 221 of the He condensation section 220. As a result it becomes possible for the contact area between the inner surface of the He condensation section 220 and the liquid He 52 to be made large. Consequently the target object 40 mounted on the He condensation section 220 can be efficiently cooled.
- the second fins 224 are formed towards the bottom surface 221 from the ceiling surface 223 of the He condensation section 220. As a result it becomes possible for the contact area between the inner surface of the He condensation section 220 and the He gas 50 to be made large. Consequently the He gas 50 in the interior of the He condensation section 220 can be efficiently cooled and condensed.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the vicinity of the He condensation section of a refrigerating machine according to the present embodiment.
- a porous structure 322 is installed on the inner surface of a He condensation section 320. Detailed description of parts with the same configuration as in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the porous structure 322 is installed on the inner surface of the He condensation section 320.
- the porous structure 322 is composed of a material such as mesh, foamed metal, sintered metal, or the like.
- the porous structure 322 may fill the entire interior of the He condensation section 320, or may fill only a part.
- the porous structure 322 is installed on the inner surface of the He condensation section 320 using an adhesive or the like, in order to maintain good thermal connectivity with the inner surface of the He condensation section 320.
- the porous structure 322 By providing the porous structure 322, it becomes possible for the contact area between the inner surface of the He condensation section 320 and the liquid He 52 to be made large. Consequently the target object 40 mounted on the He condensation section 320 can be efficiently cooled. Further, by providing the porous structure 322, it becomes possible for the contact area between the inner surface of the He condensation section 320 and the He gas 50 to be made large. Consequently the He gas 50 in the interior of the He condensation section 320 can be efficiently cooled and condensed.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of the vicinity of the He condensation section of a refrigerating machine according to the present embodiment.
- corrugations 18 are formed on the contact face of the heat transfer buffer member 16 with the second cooling stage 14. Detailed description of parts with the same configuration as in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the heat transfer buffer member 16 is composed of a material such as a stainless material that has a low thermal conductivity.
- the corrugations 18 are formed on its contact face with the second cooling stage 14.
- the corrugations 18 may be regularly formed or irregularly (randomly) formed. Further, the corrugations 18 may be formed in a cone shape such that they make point contact with the second cooling stage 14, or the corrugations 18 may be formed in a truncated pyramid shape such that they make facial contact with the second cooling stage 14.
- corrugations 18 may be convex with a triangular cross-section such that they make line contact with the second cooling stage 14, or the corrugations 18 may be convex with a trapezoidal cross-section such that they make facial contact in a belt-like shape with the second cooling stage 14.
- the contact area between the heat transfer buffer member 16 and the second cooling stage 14 becomes smaller.
- the function for restricting the heat flow is strengthened. Therefore it becomes possible to suppress the transfer of the temperature oscillations of the second cooling stage 14 to the He condensation section 420. Consequently the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted can be reduced.
- the corrugations 18 are formed on the contact face of the heat transfer buffer member 16 with the second cooling stage 14.
- the corrugations may be formed on the contact face of the second cooling stage 14 with the heat transfer buffer member 16.
- the corrugations may be formed on the contact face of the heat transfer buffer member 16 with the He condensation section 420, or the corrugations may be formed on the contact face of the He condensation section 420 with the heat transfer buffer member 16. That is to say, it is sufficient if the corrugations are formed on the contact face between the second cooling stage 14 or the He condensation section 420 with the heat transfer buffer member 16. In all cases, it becomes possible to suppress the transfer of the temperature oscillations in the second cooling stage 14 to the He condensation section 420. Consequently the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object is mounted can be reduced.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of the vicinity of the He condensation section of a refrigerating machine according to the present embodiment.
- the refrigerating machine according to the present embodiment is provided with a temperature sensor 64 and a heater 66 installed on a He condensation section 520, and a control section 62 that drives the heater 66 based on measurement results of the temperature sensor 64.
- a control section 62 that drives the heater 66 based on measurement results of the temperature sensor 64.
- Detailed description of parts with the same configuration as in the first embodiment is omitted.
- the temperature sensor 64 is installed near the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted in the He condensation section 520. Further, the heater 66 which is provided with electrically-heated wires or the like is installed on the He condensation section 520.
- the temperature sensor 64 and the heater 66 are connected to the control section 62.
- the control section 62 drives the heater 66 based on the measurement results of the temperature sensor 64. That is to say, it converts an output signal of the temperature sensor 64 into a driving current for the heater 66. In addition, it performs control by flowing a feedback current to the heater 66 so that the temperature pulses attributable to the heat generation become a minimum.
- a set temperature of the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted and the measured temperature of the temperature sensor 64 are compared.
- the heater is driven to heat the He condensation section 520.
- the temperature of the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted it becomes possible for the temperature of the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted to be raised and returned to the set temperature. Consequently the temperature oscillations in the mounting face on which the target object 40 is mounted can be reduced.
Claims (9)
- Kühlmaschine (1), umfassend:eine Kühlstufe (14), die ein Zielobjekt (40) kühlt;einen He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20);einen Vorratsbehälter (30), der mit dem He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20) kommuniziert, und der mit He-Gas (50) gefüllt ist; undein Wärmeübertragungspufferelement (16), das zwischen der Unterseite der Kühlstufe (14) und der Oberseite des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) angeordnet ist, und das aus einem Material gemacht ist, das eine Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist, die geringer ist als die des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20),wobei der He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20) flüssiges He in seinem Inneren speichert und einen Tisch umfasst, auf dem das Objekt angebracht ist, wobei der Tisch an der Unterseite des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:Riffeln (18) an einer Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Wärmeübertragungspufferelement (16) und der Kühlstufe (14) oder dem He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20) gebildet sind. - Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20) aus einem Material mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von 200 W / (m·K) oder mehr bei Temperaturen nahe 4 K gemacht ist.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Wärmeübertragungspufferelement (16) aus einem Material mit einer Wärmeleitfähigkeit von weniger als 100 W/(m·K) bei Temperaturen nahe 4 K gemacht ist.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Volumenkapazität des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) 10 cc oder mehr und 100 cc oder weniger beträgt.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Volumenkapazität des Vorratsbehälters (30) das 5- bis 100-fache der Volumenkapazität des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) beträgt.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei ein Druck des in den Vorratsbehälter (30) gefüllten He-Gases (50) 0,1 MPa oder mehr und 1,0 MPa oder weniger bei Raumtemperatur beträgt.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Finne vertikal an einer inneren Oberfläche (221, 223) des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) installiert ist.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine poröse Struktur an einer inneren Oberfläche (221, 223) des He-Kondensationsabschnitts (20) installiert ist.
- Kühlmaschine (1) nach Anspruch 1, des Weiteren umfassend:einen Temperatursender (64) und ein Heizelement (66), die in dem He-Kondensationsabschnitt (20) installiert sind; undeinen Steuerabschnitt (62), der das Heizelement (66) basierend auf Messergebnissen des Temperatursensors (64) betreibt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2006323772 | 2006-11-30 | ||
PCT/JP2007/073089 WO2008066127A1 (fr) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-11-29 | Machine frigorifique |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2090850A1 EP2090850A1 (de) | 2009-08-19 |
EP2090850A4 EP2090850A4 (de) | 2011-11-23 |
EP2090850B1 true EP2090850B1 (de) | 2016-10-05 |
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EP07849920.9A Active EP2090850B1 (de) | 2006-11-30 | 2007-11-29 | Kühlmaschine |
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US (1) | US20100031693A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2090850B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPWO2008066127A1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR101121232B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101542219B (de) |
TW (1) | TWI395916B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008066127A1 (de) |
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JP5972640B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
JP5972639B2 (ja) | 2012-03-30 | 2016-08-17 | 出光興産株式会社 | 冷凍機用潤滑油組成物 |
GB2502629B (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2015-03-11 | Siemens Plc | A closed cryogen cooling system and method for cooling a superconducting magnet |
KR101555303B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-14 | 2015-09-25 | 두산중공업 주식회사 | 재응축장치, 그 재응축장치용 재응축핀의 온도조절방법, 그 재응축장치를 가지는 냉각장치, 그 냉각장치를 이용한 냉각방법 |
US9553328B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2017-01-24 | e-Zn Inc. | Electrochemical system for storing electricity in metals |
CN105745553B (zh) * | 2013-11-13 | 2019-11-05 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | 包括热学有效的跨越系统的超导磁体系统以及用于冷却超导磁体系统的方法 |
CN104458475B (zh) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-03-15 | 北京卫星制造厂 | 一种航天器热控单机产品载压冷热冲击试验方法 |
US10297888B2 (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2019-05-21 | e-Zn Inc. | Method and system for storing electricity in metals |
US10145602B2 (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2018-12-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Active gas-gap heat switch with fast thermal response |
CN106679217B (zh) * | 2016-12-16 | 2020-08-28 | 复旦大学 | 一种机械振动隔离的液氦再凝聚低温制冷系统 |
JP2021134951A (ja) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-09-13 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 極低温冷凍機および極低温システム |
US11394068B2 (en) | 2020-11-25 | 2022-07-19 | e-Zn Inc. | Electrolyte leakage management in an electrochemical cell |
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US3188830A (en) * | 1964-08-03 | 1965-06-15 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Thermal oscillation filter |
US4479367A (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1984-10-30 | Santa Barbara Research Center | Thermal filter |
JPH0728056B2 (ja) * | 1984-10-17 | 1995-03-29 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷凍機付きクライオスタツト |
US4694175A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-09-15 | Santa Barbara Research Center | Thermal damper for infrared detector |
JP2773793B2 (ja) * | 1993-11-22 | 1998-07-09 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 極低温冷凍機 |
JP3265139B2 (ja) * | 1994-10-28 | 2002-03-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 極低温装置 |
US5606870A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1997-03-04 | Redstone Engineering | Low-temperature refrigeration system with precise temperature control |
JP2737706B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-29 | 1998-04-08 | 株式会社移動体通信先端技術研究所 | 冷凍機の膨張装置 |
JP3287237B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-21 | 2002-06-04 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 極低温冷凍機 |
JPH10132763A (ja) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-05-22 | Mac Sci:Kk | X線回折装置における試料位置自動調整方法 |
US5782095A (en) * | 1997-09-18 | 1998-07-21 | General Electric Company | Cryogen recondensing superconducting magnet |
JP2000274966A (ja) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 熱交換ユニット |
JP4788050B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-14 | 2011-10-05 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 磁場装置 |
JP4031318B2 (ja) | 2002-08-09 | 2008-01-09 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 極低温温度ダンパ |
US7266954B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2007-09-11 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd | Method and device for installing refrigerator |
JP4494027B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-26 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 極低温装置 |
DE102004053972B3 (de) * | 2004-11-09 | 2006-07-20 | Bruker Biospin Gmbh | NMR-Spektrometer mit gemeinsamen Refrigerator zum Kühlen von NMR-Probenkopf und Kryostat |
GB0428406D0 (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2005-02-02 | Oxford Instr Superconductivity | Cryostat assembly |
US20080209919A1 (en) * | 2007-03-01 | 2008-09-04 | Philips Medical Systems Mr, Inc. | System including a heat exchanger with different cryogenic fluids therein and method of using the same |
-
2007
- 2007-11-29 TW TW096145465A patent/TWI395916B/zh active
- 2007-11-29 WO PCT/JP2007/073089 patent/WO2008066127A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2007-11-29 KR KR1020097010913A patent/KR101121232B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-11-29 US US12/516,449 patent/US20100031693A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-29 JP JP2008547035A patent/JPWO2008066127A1/ja active Pending
- 2007-11-29 CN CN2007800433909A patent/CN101542219B/zh active Active
- 2007-11-29 EP EP07849920.9A patent/EP2090850B1/de active Active
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CN101542219B (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
TW200839162A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
JPWO2008066127A1 (ja) | 2010-03-11 |
EP2090850A4 (de) | 2011-11-23 |
KR20090085641A (ko) | 2009-08-07 |
WO2008066127A1 (fr) | 2008-06-05 |
US20100031693A1 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
TWI395916B (zh) | 2013-05-11 |
CN101542219A (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
EP2090850A1 (de) | 2009-08-19 |
KR101121232B1 (ko) | 2012-03-22 |
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