EP2090143B1 - Installation de circuit pour la commande de lampes à décharge et procédé de commande de lampes à décharge - Google Patents

Installation de circuit pour la commande de lampes à décharge et procédé de commande de lampes à décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2090143B1
EP2090143B1 EP06830599A EP06830599A EP2090143B1 EP 2090143 B1 EP2090143 B1 EP 2090143B1 EP 06830599 A EP06830599 A EP 06830599A EP 06830599 A EP06830599 A EP 06830599A EP 2090143 B1 EP2090143 B1 EP 2090143B1
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Prior art keywords
commutation
control device
circuit arrangement
arrangement according
measured value
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EP06830599A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2090143A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Reiter
Henning Rehn
Andreas Huber
Martin BRÜCKEL
Christian Breuer
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating discharge lamps, in particular high-pressure and high-pressure discharge lamps, as used in apparatus for the projection of images.
  • the invention addresses the problem of flickering caused by the discharge lamps.
  • the invention addresses problems encountered by DC power to reduce flicker phenomena.
  • Electrodes In the operation of discharge lamps, which are also referred to below as lamp, there is the phenomenon of the growth of electrode tips. Material that evaporates from the electrodes at one point is redeposited at preferred locations on the electrode and results in the formation of electrode tips.
  • These electrode tips initially have the advantage that the plasma arc of the arc discharge generated in the lamp finds a stable starting point on the electrode and does not jump between several attachment points. This jumping of the discharge point is also called arc jumping and manifests itself in a flickering of the lamp. This is particularly annoying when the light from the lamp is used to project images.
  • the starting point of the arc is formed only on an electrode which acts as a cathode.
  • the approach of the arc on the anode is flat.
  • arc jumping is therefore a common problem, since with each polarity change, the arc on the electrode changing from the anode to the cathode must find a starting point.
  • the electrode tips described above provide a preferred starting point for the bow and thus reduce bow springing.
  • the electrode tips can also cause problems. Under unfavorable conditions, two or more electrode tips can form. Then it may happen that the bow approach jumps between the different electrode tips.
  • Video projectors often require a light source that has a temporal sequence of different colors. As in the Scriptures US 5,917,558 (Stanton ), this can be achieved by a rotating color wheel which filters colors changing from the light of the lamp. The periods during which the light assumes a certain color need not necessarily be the same. Rather, over the ratio of these times to one another can be set to a desired color temperature which results for the projected light.
  • the lamp is operated with a rectangular lamp current.
  • Operating frequency is understood as the reciprocal of the period of the rectangular lamp current.
  • the lamp current is generated in the prior art from a DC power source by means of a commutation device.
  • the commutation usually consists of electronic switches, which commute the polarity of the DC power source in time with the rectangular lamp current. In commutation, overshoots can not be completely avoided in practice. Therefore, in the prior art, the timing at which commutation is to take place is merged with the timing at which the color of the light changes to mask out the overshoots.
  • a sync signal is provided which is synchronous to the o. G. Color wheel has a sync pulse. With the help of the sync signal, the color change and the commutation of the lamp current are synchronized.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp, in which a melting of electrode tips regulated is possible and at the same time the commutation always happens synchronously to the color change.
  • a circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp which comprises a DC current source which can be coupled to a discharge lamp via a commutation device, wherein a control device suppresses at least one commutation of the commutation device, if a measured value which is a measure of the size of electrode tips, exceeds or falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • a control device suppresses at least one commutation of the commutation device, if a measured value which is a measure of the size of electrode tips, exceeds or falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • the commutation device has an output to which a discharge lamp can be connected.
  • the commutation device is configured to couple the DC source to the output and to polarize the polarity with which the DC source is coupled to the output by a controller.
  • the control device is coupled to the commutation device and predefines the current direction through the lamp.
  • the timing of the commutations determines the operating frequency with which the lamp is operated.
  • the control device has a sync input to which, during operation, a sync signal is present which contains sync pulses.
  • the controller now causes a commutation which is synchronous with the sync pulses.
  • the color change of the projected light is usually generated by a rotating color wheel. If a commutation occurs, then it should be done simultaneously with a color change. However, it is also a color change conceivable that runs without commutation.
  • the sync signal is designed to have a sync pulse per revolution of the color wheel. So the sync signal generally contains not a sync pulse for every color change. Rather, the sequence of color changes is preferably stored in the control device. This must be tailored to the color wheel used.
  • the distance of the color changes on the color wheel need not be constant.
  • color wheels known that emits several sync pulses per revolution.
  • the decisive function of the sync pulses is that the control device receives information about the current position of the color wheel and thus has information about the times at which color changes occur.
  • the synchronism between the sync pulses and the commutation of the polarity of the DC source at the output of the commutation device is understood to mean the following:
  • a sequence of times, to which a commutation should take place, is stored in the control device.
  • the controller starts a sequence of commutations corresponding to the stored times.
  • the times are not fixed, but are normalized to the time interval between two sync pulses.
  • a commutation always falls on a color change, even if the speed of the color wheel changes.
  • An inventive suppression of commutations does not intervene in the synchronization between the commutation and the sync pulses. All unquenched commutations coincide with a color change.
  • the above-mentioned measured value is preferably a value which is proportional to the lamp voltage.
  • the RMS value is specified for the lamp voltage. For rectangular operation, this is simply the amplitude of the rectangle. The lamp voltage drops as the electrode tips grow. It is therefore given a minimum value. If this is undershot, this means that the electrode tips are too long for safe operation.
  • the control device suppresses at least one commutation. As a result, at least one electrode heats up and the corresponding electrode tip melts off, whereupon the lamp voltage rises again.
  • measured values are also possible which contain information about the length of the electrode tips.
  • the arc length can be optically measured. Since both measured values are conceivable, which become smaller with longer electrode tips and also measured values at which this is reversed, commutation must be suppressed either when a predefined threshold value is undershot or exceeded. The decisive factor is that commutation is suppressed if the electrode tips become too long.
  • the control device suppresses at least one commutation if the electrode tips become too long. None was said about how many commutations should be suppressed.
  • the simplest specification for this is to maintain the suppression until the measured value exceeds or falls below the predetermined threshold value. The crossing, of course, refers to the cases where exceeding too long means electrode tips.
  • the commutation is suppressed as long as the threshold value is undershot.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that during the suppression of the lamp is operated with direct current whose polarity is random. Thus, only one electrode tip is melted off, which can lead to an asymmetry of the electrode layer in the lamp.
  • the suppression of commutation can also take place over a predetermined DC time.
  • the DC time is chosen so short that the length of the electrode tip has not fallen to the desired value after the DC time has expired. Then, once the DC time has elapsed, a DC time is again designed in which the respective other electrode tip is melted down.
  • N specifies the number of commutations which is respectively suppressed by the control device.
  • N is preferably chosen so that after the suppression of N commutations, the respective electrode tip is not yet melted to the desired length. After the N commutations there will be another number suppressed by N commutations, in which then the other electrode tip is melted off.
  • the suppression of several successive commutations can advantageously be interrupted by canceling a suppression. This changes the polarity of the lamp current and the other electrode tip is melted.
  • the number of canceled suppression must not be so great that no melting off of the electrode tips takes place any more.
  • a sequence of suppressed commutations can be called a DC phase, since a DC current flows through the lamp during the time in which the commutations are suppressed. It is advantageous that in successive DC phases, the electrodes alternately form the anode. The electrodes are thereby evenly melted off. This alternating with respect to the electrodes DC phase is realized by means of a memory device that allows to determine which electrode was anode at the last DC phase. The following DC phase starts when the other electrode is just anode. Of course, a DC phase can only consist of a suppressed commutation.
  • the commutation device with a full bridge consisting of 4 electronic switches.
  • the full bridge is powered by the DC power source and the lamp is in the bridge branch.
  • Diagonal switches are switched simultaneously. This couples the DC source with alternating polarity to the lamp.
  • a commutation consists of switching off diagonal switch and switch on the other diagonal switch. Two adjacent switches are coupled to the negative terminal of the DC power source. The other two with the plus pole. As a rule, the negative pole represents the reference potential of the circuit arrangement.
  • the switches coupled to the negative pole are therefore usually easy to control.
  • the coupled with the positive pole switch are referred to as high-lying switch and are known to be expensive to control. To control the high-lying switch, a charge pump is required. This is powered only during a commutation with energy.
  • the control device does not suppress the commutation in this case, but generates two commutations that follow one another rapidly. These fast successive commutations give the charge pump energy again and the control of the high-level switches is ensured.
  • the two commutations must follow so quickly in succession that the thermal inertia of the electrode tips prevents a temperature fluctuation through the two commutations. Experiments have shown that with a time interval of less than 30 microseconds, the temperature of the electrode tips remains approximately constant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, as it is known topologically from the prior art.
  • the electronic switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 are connected in a full-bridge circuit between the positive and the negative pole of a DC power source Q.
  • the DC power source Q generally consists of a buck converter (Buck converter), which draws its energy, for example from a mains voltage.
  • the bridge branch which lies between the nodes A1 and A2, the lamp EL is switched.
  • a winding L of an ignition transformer is connected, in which an ignition device Z couples in a voltage which serves to ignite the lamp.
  • the full bridge circuit forms the commutation device.
  • the input of the commutation device form an upper and a lower potential of the full-bridge circuit, which are connected to the plus and the minus pole of the DC power source Q.
  • the output of the commutation device forms the bridge branch between the nodes A1 and A2.
  • the switches are controlled by the control device C. Dotted the control lines are drawn from the control device C to the switches.
  • the high-lying switch S1 and S3 need to drive a charge pump, which may be included in the control device C and is not shown.
  • the control device Via a measuring input M, the control device is supplied with the input voltage of the full bridge, which corresponds to the lamp voltage. If the lamp voltage falls below a predetermined threshold value, then the control device C suppresses at least one commutation.
  • a sync input S is a sync signal to which is provided by the drive of a rotating color wheel, not shown.
  • a connection between the control device C and the DC power source Q indicates that the control device C can also be used to control the lamp current.
  • the control device In practice, it is customary to realize the control device by means of a microcontroller.
  • the measuring input and the sync input lead to an analog or digital input of the microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller Via known driver circuits, the microcontroller controls the electronic switches, which are generally MOSFETs.
  • the majority of the invention is implemented in the software of the microcontroller.
  • FIG. 2 the time profile of the lamp current is shown without suppression of the commutation takes place.
  • the commutations are numbered 1 to 14.
  • the lamp current is increased in a pulse shape. This is a measure to reduce flicker phenomena, as for example in the Scriptures WO 95/35645 is described. This measure is independent of the suppression of commutations according to the present invention.
  • the frequency of the rectangular course of the current is usually between 200 Hz and 5 kHz.
  • FIG. 4 is compared to FIG. 3 in addition, the commutation 8 suppressed.
  • the electrode tips of the two electrodes are melted asymmetrically.
  • the electrode tip, which forms the anode during the suppressed commutations 6, 7 and 8, is more strongly melted off. This can compensate for asymmetries under the electrodes. It can thus also targeted that electrode tip to be more strongly melted, which contributes more to flicker.

Claims (15)

  1. Agencement de circuit destiné au fonctionnement d'une lampe à décharge à haute pression, l'agencement de circuit comprenant un dispositif de commutation, lequel présente une entrée qui est connectée à une source de courant continu et une sortie qui peut être connectée à une lampe à décharge, le dispositif de commutation étant conçu de telle sorte qu'il connecte la source de courant continu à la sortie et que la polarité avec laquelle la source de courant continu est connectée à la sortie est commutable par un dispositif de commande,
    le dispositif de commande présentant une entrée de synchronisation et commutant la polarité de la source de courant continu en synchronisme avec des impulsions de synchronisation d'un signal de synchronisation applicable à l'entrée de synchronisation,
    le dispositif de commande présentant une entrée de mesure qui est connectée à un dispositif de mesure, lequel est conçu pour fournir une valeur de mesure qui est une mesure de la grandeur de pointes d'électrodes,
    le dispositif de commande étant caractérisé
    en ce qu'il supprime au moins une commutation si la valeur de mesure est supérieure ou inférieure à une valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  2. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de mesure est une valeur proportionnelle à une tension de lampe d'une lampe à décharge et le dispositif de commande supprime au moins une commutation si la valeur de mesure est inférieure à une valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  3. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande supprime une commutation tant que la valeur de mesure est supérieure ou inférieure à la valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  4. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande supprime une commutation pendant une durée CC prédéterminée dès que la valeur de mesure dépasse la valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  5. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande supprime un nombre prédéterminé N de commutations dès que la valeur de mesure dépasse la valeur seuil prédéterminée.
  6. Agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications 1 - 5, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande annule la suppression de la commutation pour chaque nième commutation, n étant un entier naturel supérieur à 2.
  7. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande annule chaque mième commutation dès que la valeur de mesure dépasse la valeur seuil prédéterminée, m étant un entier naturel prédéterminé.
  8. Agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande comprend un dispositif de mémoire qui mémorise quelle électrode est l'anode dans une succession de commutations supprimées et qui fait en sorte que la succession suivante de commutations supprimées démarre lorsque précisément l'autre électrode est l'anode.
  9. Agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande, au lieu de supprimer une commutation, engendre deux commutations qui sont séparées l'une de l'autre par un intervalle de temps de 30 microsecondes au maximum.
  10. Agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commande comprend un microcontrôleur, les fonctions du dispositif de commande étant définies dans le microcontrôleur par un programme logiciel.
  11. Produit de programme informatique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend le programme logiciel selon la revendication 10.
  12. Agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la lampe à décharge est une lampe à décharge à très haute pression.
  13. Dispositif de projection doté d'un agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par une roue chromatique, disposée et conçue de telle sorte qu'elle convertit une lumière blanche émanant de la lampe à décharge en une suite temporelle de lumière comprenant au moins trois couleurs différentes,
    le moment des impulsions de synchronisation étant choisi de telle sorte qu'il se produit en synchronisme avec la rotation de la roue chromatique.
  14. Procédé de fonctionnement d'une lampe à décharge à haute pression comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    -- mettre à disposition un dispositif de mesure, lequel est conçu pour fournir une valeur de mesure qui est une mesure de la grandeur de pointes d'électrodes,
    -- connecter une lampe à décharge à une source de courant continu au moyen d'un dispositif de commutation,
    -- commuter la polarité de la source de courant continu, à l'aide du dispositif de commutation, en synchronisme avec des impulsions de synchronisation d'un signal de synchronisation,
    -- comparer la valeur de mesure avec une valeur seuil,
    -- supprimer la commutation de la polarité de la source de courant continu dans le cas où la valeur de mesure a dépassé la valeur seuil.
  15. Programme logiciel, caractérisé en ce qu'il commande un agencement de circuit de sorte que se déroule le procédé selon la revendication 14.
EP06830599A 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 Installation de circuit pour la commande de lampes à décharge et procédé de commande de lampes à décharge Active EP2090143B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2006/069665 WO2008071232A1 (fr) 2006-12-13 2006-12-13 Installation de circuit pour la commande de lampes à décharge et procédé de commande de lampes à décharge

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EP2090143A1 EP2090143A1 (fr) 2009-08-19
EP2090143B1 true EP2090143B1 (fr) 2013-02-27

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US (1) US7994734B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2090143B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5002020B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101358178B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101536613B (fr)
TW (1) TWI429334B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008071232A1 (fr)

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KR101358178B1 (ko) 2014-02-07
TW200835393A (en) 2008-08-16
US7994734B2 (en) 2011-08-09
JP5002020B2 (ja) 2012-08-15
CN101536613B (zh) 2012-12-05
EP2090143A1 (fr) 2009-08-19
WO2008071232A1 (fr) 2008-06-19
US20100026211A1 (en) 2010-02-04
TWI429334B (zh) 2014-03-01
KR20090094031A (ko) 2009-09-02
CN101536613A (zh) 2009-09-16
JP2010511972A (ja) 2010-04-15

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