EP2526741B1 - Agencement de circuits et procédé pour la commutation rapide de lampes à décharge sous haute pression en régime rectangulaire - Google Patents

Agencement de circuits et procédé pour la commutation rapide de lampes à décharge sous haute pression en régime rectangulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2526741B1
EP2526741B1 EP10779504.9A EP10779504A EP2526741B1 EP 2526741 B1 EP2526741 B1 EP 2526741B1 EP 10779504 A EP10779504 A EP 10779504A EP 2526741 B1 EP2526741 B1 EP 2526741B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
switch
commutation
com
bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10779504.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2526741A1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Kaestle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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Publication of EP2526741A1 publication Critical patent/EP2526741A1/fr
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Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
    • H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter
    • H05B41/2883—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter the controlled element being a DC/AC converter in the final stage, e.g. by harmonic mode starting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement and method for rapid commutation in the rectangular operation of high-pressure discharge lamps.
  • the invention relates to an electronically controlled operation of high pressure discharge lamps with fast commutation sequence.
  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for rapid commutation in the rectangular operation of high-pressure discharge lamps according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • High-pressure discharge lamps In particular high-pressure discharge lamps with a ceramic discharge vessel, a relatively low-frequency rectangular lamp power supply with fast commutation is usually used.
  • High-pressure discharge lamps generally have two rod-shaped electrodes mounted in the discharge vessel, which are often equipped with coiled attachments for conditioning the sheet approach.
  • the current commutation serves to prevent the one-sided electrode wear and must be accomplished with sufficiently fast polarity reversal, so that the lamp does not go out during commutation.
  • a circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp which has a control circuit which forms current pulses in the vicinity of the zero crossing of the supply voltage in order to stabilize the operation of the high-pressure discharge lamp.
  • the commutation time is typically in the range of less than 100 ⁇ s.
  • the commutation frequency is generally chosen so that, on the one hand, the short-term discontinuities during the commutation process do not manifest as flickering in the light and, on the other hand, the acoustic emissions from both the hot lamp and the operating equipment do not fall within the audible range.
  • This requirement can best be achieved with a commutation frequency in the range between 50 Hz and 200 Hz.
  • the commutation frequency should not be set above the audio hearing range at more than 20 kHz, so that the operation of the lamp, the acoustic resonances of the discharge arc, which are in common lamp geometries in the range between 20 kHz and 150 kHz, not be arbitrarily excited.
  • a resonant excitation of the arc would in most cases lead to arc fluctuation and arc instabilities, which can lead to flickering, ultimately extinction or even destruction of the lamp.
  • a further boundary condition for the rectangular operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp is the minimization of the high-frequency ripples on the rectangular lamp current, so that thereby the acoustic modes in the discharge arc of the Lamp can not be arbitrarily excited, which, as already mentioned, can lead to arc instabilities.
  • the limit value for the high-frequency residual ripple which is permissible for standard rectangular operation of a high-pressure discharge lamp is less than 2%.
  • the high frequency ripple of a standard rectangular lamp current form driver is essentially the remaining residual ripple resulting from the internal high frequency operating method of the switching converter.
  • the visible remaining residual ripple depends directly on the time constant of the smoothing devices, which depends essentially on the size of the smoothing capacitor used at the output of the lamp circuit.
  • a high time constant for smoothing the lamp current leads in the same way to slowing down the natural commutation time or to increase the circuit complexity for the implementation of an actively controlled commutation process.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic circuit topology of an electronic control gear for operating a standard high pressure discharge lamp according to the prior art is shown in which the amount of residual ripple of the lamp current has been reconciled with the achievable commutation time.
  • the intermediate circuit voltage U ZK of 400 VDC is provided by a network power factor correction unit (not shown) via a DC link capacitor C ZK .
  • the half-bridge circuit is designed as a deep-set half-bridge with the transistors Q1_HIGH and Q2_LOW.
  • high-frequency pulse-width modulation is superimposed on the low-frequency operation at approximately 100 Hz in order to be able to reduce the input voltage of the half-bridge to the required lamp voltage. This operation is well known in the art and will therefore not be discussed further here.
  • switch Q1_High is clocked with long pulse widths
  • switch Q2_Low is clocked with short pulse widths
  • a voltage of + 300V is provided.
  • the high-pressure discharge lamp 5, hereinafter also referred to as a lamp, is operated in the two phases, the forward phase and the reverse phase, to the average voltage U CB , which adjusts itself constant at the blocking capacitor C B in the amount of 200VDC.
  • the differential voltage U L occurring at the lamp is + 100V in forward operation and -100V in reverse operation.
  • the current I L occurring at the lamp is in the two operating phases corresponding to Lamp voltage also inverted in each case.
  • the smoothing of the generated operating voltage at the output of the switching converter depends on the operating frequency and the LC time constant of the switching converter.
  • the state of charge of the converter capacitor C is charged from the intermediate circuit capacitor C ZK via the inductance L resonantly to the voltage value 300V.
  • a large LC time constant results in a long resonant recharging time and thus a correspondingly slow commutation time.
  • the time constant of fo 10kHz results in a ripple of less than 2% at an operating frequency of approx.
  • the smoothing requirements and the commutation times conflict with this switching arrangement and must be compensated appropriately.
  • an ignition transformer with a switching transistor for generating one or more ignition pulses is inserted in series into the lamp circuit.
  • the requirement for the current commutation time during operation of these novel lamps is thus high and is in the range of less than 40 ⁇ s.
  • the fillings of these novel lamps usually show one Increased sensitivity for excitation arc-stabilizing acoustic eigenmodes, which increases the requirements for the smoothing capacity of the output circuit (Ripplegrenzute less than 1%), but this, as already mentioned, from a technical point of view, the rapid commutation.
  • the circuit arrangement further comprises a starting inductance and a starting capacitor.
  • a simplified ignition of the high-pressure discharge lamp can be realized in conjunction with the circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • the circuit arrangement further comprises a power factor correction circuit. It can also be used to operate lamps of higher power in compliance with all prescribed regulations on a public supply network.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit arrangement according to the invention, in which the deep-setting half-bridge from the smoothing property of the internal switching converter is decoupled and both characteristics can be set independently.
  • the buck converter switching device arrangement supplied by the intermediate circuit voltage, provides the two different voltage values of 300V and 100V respectively for the forward operation and the reverse operation on the converter capacitor C as in the prior art.
  • the lamp itself is operated to the intermediate voltage level at 200VDC at blocking capacitor C B.
  • the lamp circuit by means of the switch Q_TRANS the lamp circuit and thus the lamp can be temporarily disconnected during the relatively long recharging processes of the converter capacitor C of the switching converter (more than 100 ⁇ s).
  • the lamp can now either bypassing the slow time constant of the converter either to initiate the forward phase directly via the switch Q_COM_FW be placed on the DC link voltage of 400V, or be placed to initiate the reverse phase directly through the switch Q_COM_BW to GND.
  • the forward commutation is understood to mean the commutation from the reverse phase to the forward phase, during which the lamp current has to be changed from a negative value to a positive value.
  • a positive current I L is conducted via the switch Q_COM_FW starting from the intermediate circuit voltage U ZK through the lamp 5 to U CB at the blocking capacitor C B
  • the switch-on duration of the forward commutation is selected such that the commutation current that arises is the For a short time the lamp heats up sufficiently so that the subsequent coupling back of the lamp to a converter capacitor C of the switching converter can be accomplished without danger of extinction.
  • Backward commutation is understood to mean the commutation from the forward phase to the backward phase at which the lamp current must be changed from a positive value to a negative value.
  • the switching duration of the remindicamuttechnik is chosen so that the adjusting commutation current heats the lamp sufficiently so that the subsequent feedback of the lamp to a converter capacitor C of the switching converter can be accomplished without a lamp extinguishing.
  • the duty cycle of the impressed current for the forward and backward commutation is chosen so that the adjusting commutation current sufficiently heats the electrodes of the lamp for a short time so that the subsequent feeding back of the lamp to a converter capacitor C of the switching converter can be accomplished without risking a lamp extinguishing.
  • the typical current run times for the lamp current commutation are approximately 20 ⁇ s and the switch-off or the reconnecting lamp to the switching converter output for the continuation of the stationary forward operation or reverse operation can take place after approximately 50 ⁇ s to 70 ⁇ s ,
  • Another advantage of the circuit arrangement according to the invention is that with the three decoupling switches Q_TRANS, Q_COM_FW and Q_COM_BW together with L_ZÜND for the lamp start also a resonant ignition sequence can continue to be realized.
  • the lamp circuit via Q_TRANS decoupled from the Wegmanerschaltkonverter which can be realized with the two switches Q_COM_FW and Q_COM_BW via the Zünddrossel L_ZÜND and the ignition capacitor C_ZÜND a half-bridge operation for a resonant ignition sequence.
  • Such circuit arrangements for the ignition of high-pressure discharge lamps are known in the prior art and are therefore not explained here.
  • the lamp can still continue to drive high-frequency via the half-bridge still disconnected in a warm-up phase as needed until coupling to the switching converter to record the rectangular operation is indicated.
  • Fig. 3a shows the relevant signals to explain the operation of the circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • the top curve 1 shows the constant intermediate circuit voltage U ZK in the amount of 400VDC, which is provided by the power factor correction circuit via C_PFC.
  • Curve 2 shows the constant average voltage U CB of 200VDC, which adjusts to the blocking capacitor C B , towards which the lamp is operated.
  • buck converter switching converter C are alternately generated at intervals of 100Hz, the voltage values of 300V and 100V and provided at its converter capacitor C, with which the lamp is fed in the two phases of operation phase, forward operation and reverse operation.
  • the curve 3 shows this alternating voltage U C on the capacitor C.
  • the coupled to the output of the switching converter lamp is operated to the constant 200V voltage across the blocking capacitor C B and thus experiences the difference voltage U L between C B and C, which is inverted in each case at 100V in each phase of operation.
  • the curve 5 shows the self-adjusting lamp current I L analog to the lamp voltage U L at curve. 4
  • Fig. 3b shows a detailed switching sequence of the circuit arrangement according to the invention in the commutation in the forward mode.
  • the curve 1 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_TRANS of the coupling transistor Q_TRANS.
  • the lamp circuit is disconnected via the coupling transistor Q_TRANS from the output of the switching converter for about 70 ⁇ s.
  • Curve 2 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_FW of the switching transistor Q_COM_FW.
  • the lamp circuit is coupled via the switching transistor Q_COM_FW for approx. 70 ⁇ s to the intermediate circuit voltage of 400VDC, thus enabling a fast and strong lamp current in the forward direction.
  • the curve 3 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_BW of the switching transistor Q_COM_BW. During commutation in the forward mode, the switching transistor Q_COM_BW remains closed.
  • the curve 4 shows the pulsed lamp current I L on the lamp for initiating the forward operation.
  • the self-adjusting current pulse at the lamp is due to the coupling of the lamp circuit via the switching transistor Q_COM_FW to the positive intermediate circuit voltage of 400VDC, bypassing the current-braking lamp inductor L.
  • the curve 5 shows the pulse-shaped lamp current I L in the forward commutation in higher temporal resolution.
  • the current direction at the lamp changes from -1A to + 2.5A within 20usec, which corresponds to a current commutation time of less than 20 ⁇ s.
  • the curve 6 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_FW of the switching transistor Q_COM_FW in higher temporal resolution.
  • the forward commutation process is terminated after 70 ⁇ s in which the switch Q_COM_FW is reopened, the lamp circuit is again coupled to the output capacitor C of the buck converter by the switch Q_COM_FW is closed again.
  • Fig. 3c shows a detailed switching sequence of the circuit arrangement according to the invention in the commutation in the reverse mode.
  • the curve 1 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_TRANS of the coupling transistor Q_TRANS.
  • the lamp circuit is disconnected via the coupling transistor Q_TRANS from the output of the switching converter for about 70 ⁇ s.
  • Curve 2 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_FW of the switching transistor Q_COM_FW. During commutation in reverse operation, the switching transistor Q_COM_FW remains closed.
  • the curve 3 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_BW of the switching transistor Q_COM_BW.
  • the curve 4 shows the pulse-shaped lamp current I L for initiating the reverse operation.
  • the curve 5 shows the pulse-shaped lamp current I L in the reverse commutation in higher temporal resolution.
  • the current direction at the lamp changes from + 1A to -2.5A within 20usec, which corresponds to a current commutation time of less than 20 ⁇ s.
  • the curve 6 shows the switching state or the gate voltage UQ_COM_BW of the switching transistor Q_COM_BW in higher temporal resolution.
  • the backward commutation process is terminated after 70 ⁇ s in which the switch Q_COM_BW is reopened, with the lamp circuit again being coupled to the output capacitor C of the buck converter by closing the switch Q_COM_FW again.
  • Fig. 4 shows a simplified circuit arrangement, which in a ballast for rectangular operation only the fast backward commutation to initiate the stationary reverse phase is possible.
  • this switching arrangement thus has one less switch and is less expensive to manufacture.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Agencement de circuit pour la commutation rapide en régime rectangulaire de lampes à décharge sous haute pression, présentant :
    - un premier agencement en demi-pont avec un demi-pont (Q1_HIGH, Q2_LOW) qui est raccordé à une tension de circuit intermédiaire,
    - une inductance de lampe (L), dont une première borne est couplée au point central du demi-pont,
    - un condensateur de convertisseur (C), dont la première borne est couplée à la deuxième borne de l'inductance de lampe, et dont la deuxième borne est couplée au potentiel de référence du premier agencement en demi-pont,
    - un premier commutateur (UQ_TRANS) pour le couplage de l'agencement en demi-pont à la lampe, la deuxième borne de l'inductance de lampe étant couplée à une première borne du premier commutateur et la lampe pouvant être découplée pendant les processus de recharge du condensateur de convertisseur au moyen du premier commutateur,
    - un condensateur de blocage (CB) qui couple la lampe au potentiel de référence du premier agencement en demi-pont,
    caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de circuit comprend en outre :
    - un deuxième commutateur (Q_COM_FW) pour l'exécution d'une commutation avant, c'est-à-dire la commutation de la phase arrière à la phase avant, lors de laquelle le courant de la lampe passe d'une valeur négative à une valeur positive, et pour le déclenchement d'une phase avant, dans la phase avant un courant positif étant dirigé en partant de la tension de circuit intermédiaire à travers la lampe vers le condensateur de blocage,
    - un troisième condensateur (Q_COM_BW) pour l'exécution d'une commutation arrière, c'est-à-dire la commutation de la phase avant à la phase arrière, lors de laquelle le courant de la lampe passe d'une valeur positive à une valeur négative, et pour le déclenchement d'une phase arrière, dans la phase arrière un courant négatif étant dirigé en partant de la tension au niveau du condensateur de blocage à travers la lampe vers le potentiel de référence du premier agencement en mi-pont, le deuxième (Q_COM_FW) et le troisième commutateur (Q_COM_BW) formant un deuxième agencement en demi-pont, qui est branché en parallèle au premier agencement en demi-pont, le point central du deuxième agencement en demi-pont étant couplé au point central du demi-pont du premier agencement en demi-pont par l'intermédiaire du circuit formé par l'impédance de lampe et le premier commutateur, et une deuxième borne du premier commutateur étant couplée au point central du deuxième agencement en demi-pont.
  2. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de circuit présente en outre une induction à l'allumage (L_ZÜND) et un condensateur d'allumage (C_ZÜND).
  3. Agencement de circuit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'agencement de circuit présente en outre un circuit de correction de facteur de puissance.
  4. Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner une lampe à décharge sous haute pression (5) au moyen d'un agencement de circuit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    - avant le déclenchement d'une commutation, découpler le premier agencement en demi-pont de la lampe à décharge sous haute pression (5) par l'ouverture du premier commutateur (UQ_TRANS),
    - exécuter une commutation avant par l'ouverture du troisième commutateur (Q_COM_BW) et par la fermeture du deuxième commutateur (Q_COM_FW) pour le déclenchement d'une phase avant, ou exécuter une commutation arrière par l'ouverture du deuxième commutateur (Q_COM_FW) et par la fermeture du troisième commutateur (Q_COM_BW) pour le déclenchement d'une phase arrière,
    - coupler le premier agencement en demi-pont à la lampe à décharge sous haute pression (5) par la fermeture du premier commutateur (UQ_TRANS),
    - ouvrir le deuxième commutateur (Q_COM_FW) et le troisième commutateur (Q_COM_BW).
EP10779504.9A 2010-11-08 2010-11-08 Agencement de circuits et procédé pour la commutation rapide de lampes à décharge sous haute pression en régime rectangulaire Not-in-force EP2526741B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/066966 WO2012062346A1 (fr) 2010-11-08 2010-11-08 Agencement de circuits et procédé pour la commutation rapide de lampes à décharge sous haute pression en régime rectangulaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2526741A1 EP2526741A1 (fr) 2012-11-28
EP2526741B1 true EP2526741B1 (fr) 2014-04-30

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10779504.9A Not-in-force EP2526741B1 (fr) 2010-11-08 2010-11-08 Agencement de circuits et procédé pour la commutation rapide de lampes à décharge sous haute pression en régime rectangulaire

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2526741B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012062346A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW339496B (en) * 1994-06-22 1998-09-01 Philips Electronics Nv Method and circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp
EP0724823A1 (fr) * 1994-08-24 1996-08-07 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Configuration de circuit
DE102004020397A1 (de) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE102005031835A1 (de) * 2005-07-06 2007-01-18 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE102007060035A1 (de) * 2007-12-05 2009-06-10 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE102008016888A1 (de) * 2008-04-02 2009-10-08 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Lampenspannung
DE102009016579A1 (de) * 2009-04-06 2010-10-14 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckentladungslampe

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EP2526741A1 (fr) 2012-11-28
WO2012062346A1 (fr) 2012-05-18

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