EP1152645B1 - Méthode et dispositif de control d'un circuit de lampe à décharge - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif de control d'un circuit de lampe à décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152645B1
EP1152645B1 EP01000130A EP01000130A EP1152645B1 EP 1152645 B1 EP1152645 B1 EP 1152645B1 EP 01000130 A EP01000130 A EP 01000130A EP 01000130 A EP01000130 A EP 01000130A EP 1152645 B1 EP1152645 B1 EP 1152645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
operating
lamp
frequency
gas discharge
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01000130A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1152645A1 (fr
Inventor
Günther Derra
Ernst Fischer
Thomas KRÜCKEN
Holger Moench
Xaver Riederer
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Publication of EP1152645A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152645A1/fr
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Publication of EP1152645B1 publication Critical patent/EP1152645B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
    • H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter
    • H05B41/2883—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter the controlled element being a DC/AC converter in the final stage, e.g. by harmonic mode starting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2925—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/382—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase
    • H05B41/388—Controlling the intensity of light during the transitional start-up phase for a transition from glow to arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for operating a gas discharge lamp fed with alternating voltage or alternating current, wherein the instantaneous power of the lamp is increased at certain time intervals (pulsed operation).
  • the invention relates to devices provided with such lamps and devices as well as methods based on the method of operation for processing an electrode.
  • Such operating methods and devices are known, for example from WO 96/14724 or US 5,608,294.
  • the WO patent specification describes a device having a power supply circuit for operating a gas discharge lamp, wherein the power supply circuit provides an AC voltage or an AC current of a predetermined period to supply the gas discharge lamp with a predetermined power such that when the average lamp power is reduced compared to the rated power before the polarity reversal of the AC voltage or the AC current within half a period an increase in the instantaneous power takes place.
  • This short-term increase in the instantaneous power before the polarity reversal process causes the necessary Wiederzündposition after Umpolvorgang must not be significantly increased compared to the voltage in rated operation.
  • pulsesed operation or “pulsed operation”
  • Pulsed operation designate here all forms of current intensity or voltage over time, in which the operating current or the operating voltage, in particular for the purpose of stabilizing the lamp arc superimposed additional current or voltage pulses
  • pulsesed operation is understood to mean exclusively a lamp operating mode in which a lamp is operated in rapidly repeated, very short time segments and does not emit light for much of the time).
  • electrodes are preferred which consist of an electrode rod (drawn tungsten wire) and a tungsten spiral pushed over it although in such a design the geometry and internal structure of the electrodes, which ultimately determines the heat distribution, is less controllable.
  • the enormous heat load of the electrodes 211 already causes a rapid transration of the electrode material (eg evaporation of tungsten), eg.
  • the electrode front surface can completely change in a few hours. Even an ideally shaped electrode retains its original functional properties usually for less than 100 hours.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method and a device for operating a gas discharge lamp, which make it possible to use the transport processes taking place during operation of a gas discharge lamp advantageously for forming the electrodes.
  • the object is achieved by a method of the aforementioned type, in which the values of at least one operating time of the lamp changing over time are measured continuously or discontinuously and the frequency of the alternating voltage or of the alternating current (operating frequency) is selected as a function of the measured values becomes.
  • the operating frequency is expediently in Depending on the measured values of at least one operating datum from the group of operating times of the lamp, the burning voltage, the delivered or recorded power, the arc length and the electrode spacing comprising group of operating data, since all these data give direct or indirect conclusions about the condition of the electrodes, in particular the electrode spacing (for example, it can be concluded from the operating time even with a new lamp with operating time zero on the basis of empirical values on the approximate state of the electrodes and thus on the need for a specific operating frequency selection).
  • the invention is based on the new knowledge that the size of the structures growing on the electrodes during operation with alternating current or alternating voltage and the operating frequency of the current or voltage are proportional to one another. It has been shown that the diameter of the grown structures is all the smaller , the higher the fundamental frequency of the operating current or the operating voltage. Typical frequencies in high-pressure gas discharge lamps are between about 40 and 600 Hz For lamps of a certain type (for example, according to DE 38 13 421 A) applies, for example.
  • the relation approximate diameter of the grown structures a / 1 ⁇ 2
  • f is the operating frequency in Hertz
  • a is a lamp-specific proportionality constant, typically between about 2000 and 5000 ⁇ m Hz 1 ⁇ 2, so that at 100 Hz fundamental frequencies structures of about 200 to 500 ⁇ m Diameter form. In general, this constant can be in a range between 1000 and 10,000 ⁇ m Hz.
  • the height of the resulting structures is usually smaller than their diameter and is usually about 0, 4 to 0.8 times the diameter. However, experience has shown that the ratio may vary between 0.2 and 1.2. This relationship is exploited in the present invention to produce controllably protruding electrode tips during lamp operation.
  • the invention makes it possible to shape the electrode during operation, within certain limits, regardless of the production-related initial shape of the electrodes.
  • the desired electrode spacing or the desired burning voltage can be achieved by exploiting the Transport operations are set within certain limits.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that it can be used again and again during the operating time of the lamp and so to speak allows a "regeneration" of the electrodes, so that excellent results over a very long life can be achieved.
  • the electrode structures constructed during operation are practically exactly opposite one another so that no lateral offset occurs.
  • the structure is in the center of the electrode.
  • the measured values are advantageously monitored for the fulfillment of predetermined boundary conditions, and the lamp is operated at a low operating frequency (start frequency) when a first boundary condition (start condition) is satisfied, until a second boundary condition is met, whereupon the operating frequency is increased.
  • start frequency a low operating frequency
  • start condition a first boundary condition
  • second boundary condition a second boundary condition
  • the operating frequency is increased.
  • Such starting conditions may be, for example, the first startup of a new lamp or the increase of the required burning voltage beyond a predetermined limit.
  • the operating frequency can be increased continuously.
  • termination conditions may be: reaching a predetermined operating frequency (maximum frequency), reaching a predetermined minimum burning voltage, constancy of the electrode spacing over a predetermined period of time.
  • measuring means are provided for continuously or discontinuously measuring the values of at least one operating time of the lamp varying over time and means for varying the frequency of the alternating voltage or frequency (operating frequency) in dependence on the measured values.
  • Such a device can be easily applied or retrofitted even with already-produced gas discharge lamps and gas discharge lamps using light devices of all kinds, in particular projectors, automotive lighting systems, etc.
  • the device has a compact evaluation and control unit comprising at least one microprocessor for controlling the operating frequency, the burning voltage and the alternating current supplied to the gas discharge lamp and for evaluating and monitoring the measured values to fulfill predetermined or specifiable boundary conditions, wherein advantageous use can be made of the existing existing devices for pulsed operation of gas discharge lamps processors and units
  • the lamp is operated starting from a low starting frequency in pulse mode with a slowly increasing frequency.
  • a low frequency at the beginning of the sequence provides a broad structure 1 as a basis, on which then at higher frequencies always a narrower structures 2 and 3 are built.
  • the transition can be continuous or in discrete stages. Practical results were eg. achieved in an operation of several hours duration with 45, 65, 90 and 130 Hz in this ascending order.
  • this mode of operation it was possible to reduce the electrode gap in a high-pressure gas discharge lamp of conventional design from 1.3 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • the electrodes then gradually burn back to the initial distance, which can easily be observed by an increase in the burning voltage.
  • the electrode can be treated again with slowly rising frequencies until the tip structures of the electrodes are almost completely rebuilt. After each such regeneration operation, the lamp can be operated for about 100 hours at the highest selected frequency.
  • the invention has the great advantage that even during the regeneration phases, the light of the lamp can be used. Overall, a decrease in the optical efficiency usually results with increasing electrode spacing (eg a decrease in the screen brightness during video projection, which then increases again during regeneration). This system efficiency, which fluctuates on a time scale of 100 hours, is in any case a great advantage over a continuously decreasing efficiency.
  • the need for renewed regeneration is easily determined from the voltage increase of the lamp. If the burning voltage rises above a predetermined value, a renewed regeneration is started.
  • a first operation of the lamp is detected by an operating hours counter, which is automatically reset when changing the lamp This is already implemented in many commercially available projectors.
  • the lamp is initially operated at the lowest possible frequency (e.g., 45 Hz). This operation can take place over a fixed period of time (eg 1 operating hour). Alternatively, the frequency can be held until no significant voltage drop (indicating growth of structures) is more observable.
  • the advantage of this type of procedure is that individual differences can be taken into account more easily than when operating over fixed periods of time.
  • the frequency is increased. It has been shown that increasing the frequency to about 1.2 to 1.8 times the respective previous frequency is recommended.
  • the operating time with the new frequency can in turn be carried out over a fixed period of time or until no appreciable voltage drop is more noticeable.
  • the frequency is increased until either a) a fixed frequency limit is reached, b) a fixed voltage is reached or c) no appreciable growth after increasing the frequency is observed more.
  • the thus determined frequency is recorded and can for example be used until the voltage again significantly, eg. has risen to the initial level.
  • the electrodes are "regenerated” again before the rise to the initial level, for which purpose the lamp is again operated at the lowest possible frequency.
  • the burning voltage and arc length or electrode spacing in gas discharge lamps can be significantly reduced.
  • the lamp current I2 was set to control the power and the pulse current I3 was 2.8 A, with an operating frequency of 45, 65, 90 and 130 Hz the burning voltage is reduced from initially 85 V to 52 V and the arc length from initially 1.3 mm to 0.7 mm, this astonishing reduction, mind you, not in a separate machining process, but during the "normal" use of the lamp, for example in projection mode took place.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé d'actionnement d'une lampe à décharge au gaz alimentée en tension alternative ou courant alternatif, dans lequel la puissance instantanée de la lampe est augmentée à intervalles temporels déterminés,
    caractérisé en ce
    - que les valeurs d'au moins une date d'actionnement de la lampe permettant de tirer des conclusions sur l'état des électrodes, en particulier sur l'intervalle entre les électrodes, sont mesurées de manière continue ou discontinue, et
    - la fréquence de la tension alternative ou du courant alternatif (fréquence d'actionnement) est sélectionnée en fonction des valeurs mesurées de telle sorte qu'un état souhaité des électrodes soit atteint en ce qui concerne leur intervalle ou leur forme.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la fréquence d'actionnement est sélectionnée en fonction des valeurs mesurées d'au moins une date d'actionnement à partir du groupe suivant de données d'actionnement : durée totale d'actionnement de la lampe, tension de maintien, puissance délivrée ou absorbée, longueur de l'arc, intervalle entre les électrodes.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les valeurs mesurées sont contrôlées quant à l'exécution des conditions cadres préalablement déterminées et qu'en cas d'exécution d'une première condition-cadre (condition de départ), la lampe fonctionne à une faible fréquence d'actionnement (fréquence de départ), jusqu'à ce qu'une deuxième condition cadre soit remplie, sur quoi la fréquence d'actionnement est augmentée.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la fréquence d'actionnement est augmentée en continu ou, de préférence, par étapes discrètes après l'exécution de la condition de départ en partant de la fréquence de départ jusqu'à ce qu'une troisième condition-cadre préalablement déterminée (condition de rupture) soit atteinte.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la condition de départ est considérée comme remplie lorsqu'une durée d'actionnement déterminée est présente ou atteinte et/ou la tension de maintien nécessaire a augmenté pour atteindre une valeur préalablement déterminée et/ou l'intervalle entre les électrodes a atteint une valeur préalablement déterminée.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la deuxième condition-cadre est considérée comme remplie lorsque la lampe a fonctionné à la fréquence de départ pendant une durée déterminée ou lorsque, en cas de mesure directe ou indirecte de l'intervalle entre les électrodes, aucun changement ne peut plus être constaté sur une période préalablement déterminée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la condition de rupture est considérée comme remplie lorsqu'une fréquence d'actionnement préalablement déterminée (fréquence maximale) est atteinte ou lorsque la tension de maintien nécessaire a baissé à une valeur minimale préalablement déterminée ou lorsqu'en cas de mesure directe ou indirecte de l'intervalle entre les électrodes, aucun changement ne peut plus être constaté sur une période préalablement déterminée.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la condition de départ et la fréquence de départ sont sélectionnées en fonction de l'état d'actionnement.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les fréquences d'actionnement sélectionnées se situent entre 40 et 600 Hz.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce
    que la fréquence d'actionnement est augmentée respectivement d'environ 1, 2 à 1,8 fois par étapes discrètes.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'en vue d'atteindre des structures développées sur les électrodes d'un diamètre D, la fréquence d'actionnement f selon l'équation D = a / f½ est sélectionnée, a étant une constante de l'unité [mètre * Hertz½] spécifique à la lampe, dépendant en particulier de la matière et de la géométrie des électrodes et f la fréquence en Hertz
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'il est activé pour l'usinage des électrodes de la lampe pendant l'actionnement de la lampe lorsque la première condition-cadre est remplie.
  13. Dispositif d'actionnement d'une lampe à décharge au gaz à une tension alternative ou un courant alternatif de telle sorte que la puissance instantanée de la lampe soit élevée dans des intervalles de temps déterminés,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - des moyens de mesure sont prévus pour la mesure continue ou discontinue des valeurs d'au moins une date d'actionnement de la lampe permettant de tirer des conclusions quant à l'état des électrodes, en particulier à l'intervalle entre les électrodes et
    - des moyens pour la variation de la fréquence de la tension alternative ou du courant alternatif (fréquence d'actionnement) en fonction des valeurs mesurées de telle manière qu'un état souhaité des électrodes soit atteint sur le plan de son intervalle ou de sa forme.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les moyens de mesure sont conçus pour la mesure des valeurs d'au moins une date d'actionnement à partir du groupe suivant des données d'actionnement : durée d'actionnement totale de la lampe, tension de maintien, puissance délivrée ou absorbée, longueur d'arc, intervalle entre les électrodes.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 13 ou 14
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au moins une unité de surveillance couplée aux moyens pour la variation de la fréquence d'actionnement est prévue pour la surveillance des valeurs mesurées quant à l'exécution de conditions cadres déterminées ou déterminables préalablement.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 13 à 15,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'une unité d'évaluation et de commande compacte présentant au moins un microprocesseur est prévue pour la commande de la fréquence d'actionnement, de la tension de maintien et du courant alternatif amené à la lampe à décharge au gaz ainsi que pour l'évaluation et la surveillance des valeurs mesurées quant à l'exécution des conditions cadres déterminées ou déterminables préalablement.
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16,
    caractérisé en ce
    que des fréquences d'actionnement situées entre 40 et 600 Hz peuvent être produites.
  18. Mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif pour le fonctionnement d'une lampe à décharge au gaz selon l'une des revendications 13 à 17 dans un projecteur.
  19. Mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif pour le fonctionnement d'une lampe à décharge de gaz selon l'une des revendications 13 à 17 dans un véhicule.
  20. Support de données lisible par une machine avec un programme de commande pour la commande d'un dispositif d'actionnement d'une lampe à décharge de gaz contenant des instructions lisibles par machine en vue de l'exécution d'un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12.
EP01000130A 2000-05-03 2001-04-27 Méthode et dispositif de control d'un circuit de lampe à décharge Expired - Lifetime EP1152645B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10021537 2000-05-03
DE10021537A DE10021537A1 (de) 2000-05-03 2000-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152645A1 EP1152645A1 (fr) 2001-11-07
EP1152645B1 true EP1152645B1 (fr) 2006-04-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01000130A Expired - Lifetime EP1152645B1 (fr) 2000-05-03 2001-04-27 Méthode et dispositif de control d'un circuit de lampe à décharge

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6586892B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1152645B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4744719B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100758048B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1336783B (fr)
DE (2) DE10021537A1 (fr)
TW (2) TW578443B (fr)

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US7714522B2 (en) 2004-08-06 2010-05-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Method and circuit arrangement for operating a discharge lamp

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JP2002015883A (ja) 2002-01-18
US6586892B2 (en) 2003-07-01
DE50109474D1 (de) 2006-05-24
KR20010100949A (ko) 2001-11-14
CN1336783B (zh) 2010-12-01
DE10021537A1 (de) 2001-11-08
US20020011803A1 (en) 2002-01-31
EP1152645A1 (fr) 2001-11-07
CN1336783A (zh) 2002-02-20
JP4744719B2 (ja) 2011-08-10
KR100758048B1 (ko) 2007-09-11
TW200401588A (en) 2004-01-16
TWI290808B (en) 2007-12-01
TW578443B (en) 2004-03-01

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