EP2062648B1 - Séparateur électrostatique et procédé - Google Patents

Séparateur électrostatique et procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2062648B1
EP2062648B1 EP08019885.6A EP08019885A EP2062648B1 EP 2062648 B1 EP2062648 B1 EP 2062648B1 EP 08019885 A EP08019885 A EP 08019885A EP 2062648 B1 EP2062648 B1 EP 2062648B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
change
signal
high voltage
corona current
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EP08019885.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2062648A3 (fr
EP2062648A2 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dr. Steiner
Tania Gonzalez Baquet
David Schütz
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE200710056704 external-priority patent/DE102007056704B3/de
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Publication of EP2062648A2 publication Critical patent/EP2062648A2/fr
Publication of EP2062648A3 publication Critical patent/EP2062648A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/32—Checking the quality of the result or the well-functioning of the device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting a particle concentration in a particle stream of an electrostatic precipitator. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electric energy-operated electrostatic precipitator, in particular for an exhaust pipe of an exhaust gas purification system.
  • emission control systems Due to emissions from heating systems and global efforts to reduce such emissions - see, for example, the Kyoto Protocol - heating systems use appropriate emission control systems. These are in particular to filter out the harmful substances and particles from exhaust gases, so that the remaining, purified exhaust gas can be safely released to the environment.
  • emission control systems are used in biomass heating systems, where in addition to otherwise economic and environmental benefits increased emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases can occur.
  • biomass heating systems where in addition to otherwise economic and environmental benefits increased emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases can occur.
  • relatively high emission of particulate matter as a pollutant component is a problem in biomass heating systems.
  • An emission control system which is used for biomass heating systems to reduce particulate matter emission.
  • the device described therein can be installed in a flue gas channel and for this purpose has a lid which can be placed gas-tight on an associated opening on a flue gas channel.
  • a spray electrode for example in the form of a tensioned rod, is held over an insulating holder.
  • a high-voltage transformer with rectifier function allows the construction of a high DC voltage between the wire and the lid, which is electrically connected to the furnace tube, so that it acts as a collector electrode.
  • Such an electrostatic filter with a spray electrode and a collector electrode is also known as an electrostatic precipitator.
  • This is used for exhaust gas purification in an exhaust pipe of a heating system. It is characterized by the spray, which runs approximately centrally through the exhaust pipe and is therefore also referred to as the center electrode, and a surrounding outer surface of the exhaust pipe, a capacitor is formed, which is also referred to as a cylindrical capacitor in a cylindrical tube-shaped design of the exhaust pipe.
  • the spray or center electrode generally has a circular cross section in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, wherein the diameter of the cross section or the radius of curvature is generally formed relatively small (for example, less than 0.4 mm).
  • a field extending transversely to the flow direction is formed by field lines from the center electrode to the collector electrode through the center electrode and the collector electrode formed by the lateral surface.
  • a high voltage is applied to the center electrode, for example in the range of 15 kV.
  • a corona discharge is formed, through which the particles flowing through the field in the exhaust gas are charged in a unipolar manner. Due to this charge, the particles move through the electrostatic Coulomb forces to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe, which serves as a collector electrode.
  • electrostatic precipitators In an electrostatic precipitator, free charge carriers in the form of ions are introduced into a filter area around the electrostatic precipitator by local gas discharges (corona discharges at a spray electrode). If the ions hit the soot or ash particles in the flue gas, the charges are transferred to the particles (unipolar charging). The charge generating electric field then drives the charged particles away from the electrode, which is also referred to as a spray electrode. A large part of the particles finally settles on the precipitation electrode (in this case the tube or chimney wall) and sticks there. From there, the particles can be removed by special cleaning equipment.
  • a particle layer builds up on the spray electrode of the separator.
  • the growing particle layer causes a reduction of the active surface of the spray electrode, which reduces the formation of the number of ions necessary for particle separation.
  • Reasons for the contamination of the spray electrode are described below by way of example for a negative corona discharge.
  • the document WO 2006/000114 A1 describes a method for monitoring the condition of the spray electrode.
  • the spray electrode during the filter operation added to mechanical vibrations while the AC component of the operating current of the spray detected. Too high a frequency of the alternating current component indicates a shortening (wear, breakage) of the electrode, too low a frequency indicates contamination of the electrode by deposits. The latter phenomenon can be explained by the reduction of the mechanical natural frequency of the electrode with increasing mass of particles adhering to the electrode. It is therefore the utilization of a mechanical effect.
  • a need for maintenance is signaled or a cleaning process is triggered.
  • the document DD 207 339 A describes a control device for a DC high voltage generator for feeding electrostatic precipitators and a method for operating electrostatic precipitators, which are operated just below the threshold value of an electrical flashover. In this case, a certain number of high-voltage flashovers between charging electrode and collecting electrode per unit time is accepted.
  • the patent describes a method or an electronic circuit which minimizes the electrical energy consumption of this mode of operation.
  • the document SE 2000-662 A describes a method for pulsed operation of an electrostatic precipitator. During a current pulse, the corresponding values of the rising and falling edges of the voltage are measured and registered. An internal algorithm then calculates from these values and the duration of the current pulse the optimum parameters (driving voltage, frequency) for the following current pulse.
  • WO 2007/051239 A1 discloses a method for controlling a power supply of an electrostatic precipitator, with the arcing between the electrodes are reduced.
  • the Abscheidestrom is monitored in view of the occurrence of flashovers and controls the energy supply of the separator using a high-speed circuit.
  • the EP 1 872 858 A2 shows a method for optimizing a multi-zone electrostatic precipitator with the following steps: lowering of the electrical power in all zones of the electrostatic precipitator until the output of the last zone a predetermined emission value is reached; successively for each of the zones: incremental increase of the electrical power of the zone and detection of the respectively associated emission value at the outlet the filter for each increase; Determining the change in emission as the power changes for each of the zones.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an electrostatic precipitator, with which the particle concentration is detected in the exhaust gas of the electrostatic precipitator. More specifically, it is an object of the invention to detect the particle concentration, monitor it and / or initiate any necessary steps for optimized control of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • a method, not encompassed by this invention, for determining a degree of contamination of an electric-energy-operated, electrostatic precipitator having at least two electrodes for separating off exhaust particles in the vicinity of the electrode, in particular for an electrostatic precipitator in an exhaust line of an exhaust gas purification system comprising the steps of: applying a High voltage to the electrodes of the separator to produce a predetermined corona discharge with a predetermined corona current, consuming at least a portion of the corona stream to charge the exhaust particles, and detecting the applied high voltage and the corona current at least two times of the operating time is characterized in that the Steps include: determining a change in the applied high voltage and generating a signal based on the determined change, which represents the degree of contamination of the electrostatic precipitator.
  • the separation efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator depends on a corona current. This in turn depends on an applied high voltage and a degree of contamination of the electrode. This means that the high voltage required to generate the necessary corona discharge increases with increasing particle layer on the electrode. This effect can be measured by means of a characteristic current / voltage characteristic of the separator, for example at the high voltage supply. The corresponding characteristic shifts with increasing operating time or growing particle layer on the spray electrode in the direction of higher operating voltages. This effect is called degradation of the current / voltage characteristic. This effect can be used to over the high voltage power supply to determine the degree of contamination of the spray electrode. Since the operating voltage can be increased to a maximum of a breakdown voltage of the electrostatic precipitator, excessive contamination of the spray electrode must be avoided.
  • the method according to the invention for detecting a particle concentration in a particle stream of an electric-energy-operated, electrostatic precipitator having at least two electrodes for separating off exhaust particles in the vicinity of the electrode, in particular for an electrostatic precipitator in an exhaust line of an exhaust gas purification system comprises the steps of impressing a corona stream to the electrodes of the precipitator (1) to produce a corona discharge having a predetermined high voltage, consuming at least part of the corona current to charge the exhaust particles, and detecting the applied high voltage and the corona current at least two times of the operating time, and characterized by Steps: Determining a change in the impressed corona current and generating a signal based on the determined change, which represents the particle concentration in the particle stream of the electrostatic precipitator (1) ated.
  • the particle concentration is correlatable to a corona stream.
  • the corona current depends on both an applied high voltage and a degree of contamination of the electrode and the particle concentration in the particle flow. This means that, on the one hand, the high voltage required to produce a constant corona discharge (constant current mode) increases with increasing electrode contamination. This effect can be measured by means of a characteristic current / voltage characteristic of the separator, for example at the high voltage supply and is referred to as degradation of the current / voltage characteristic. The corresponding characteristic shifts within several hundred hours of operation with increasing particle layer in the direction of higher operating voltages.
  • the step of determining a change in the impressed corona current comprises the step of determining at least one mean value of the change over a period of time.
  • the determination of the impressed corona current can be carried out continuously or discretely. It is preferred that the step of determining at least one mean value comprises the steps of: determining a plurality of mean values of the change over time periods and determining the change of the mean values over the time periods. The durations can be the same length.
  • a preferred embodiment provides that the step of determining a change comprises the steps of: assigning the detected values to predetermined particle concentration values taking into account the change in the mean values and in the event of a change in the mean values which is above a limit value, performing a new assignment of the detected values to given particle concentration values.
  • an initial quantity of applied high voltage and / or impressed corona current in an initial state of the electrode is detected, a supplied actual amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona current detected and a maximum deliverable amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona current detected.
  • the supplied actual amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona is with the supplied output amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona, the previously detected actual amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona and / or the maximum deliverable amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona stream compared. From the comparison, i. the change thus determined, a signal is calculated or determined by assignment, which as a result represents the particle concentration of the exhaust gas.
  • the capture operation includes predetermining, presetting, manual input, and the like.
  • the step of generating a signal comprises the steps of: detecting an output quantity of applied high voltage and / or impressed corona current in an initial state of the electrode, detecting a supplied actual amount of applied high voltage and / or impressed corona current, detecting a maximum feedable Amount of applied high voltage and / or impressed corona current, comparing the supplied actual amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted Coronastrom with the supplied output quantity of applied high voltage and / or imprinted Coronastrom, the previously detected actual amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted Coronastrom and / or the maximum deliverable amount of applied high voltage and / or imprinted corona current and calculating a signal representing the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator as a result of the comparing.
  • the capture operation includes predetermining, presetting, manual input, and the like.
  • the step of generating a signal further comprises the steps of: simulating operation of the electrostatic precipitator and generating a signal from the simulated operation.
  • the simulation is preferably model-based.
  • the step of generating a signal comprises the step of generating at least one signal representing a state of the electrostatic precipitator selected from the group of states efficiency, power consumption, pollution degree, maintenance time, cleaning time and the like of the precipitator.
  • the step of generating a signal comprises a reproduction, a forwarding and / or a further processing of the generated signal.
  • the reproduction can be made optically or acoustically on a display, for example.
  • the transfer can be made, for example, to a control center.
  • the signal can be further processed in a controller.
  • the electrostatic precipitator is characterized in that it comprises means for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • an electrostatic precipitator with a flow channel having a channel wall and a channel inside, through which flows a particle-containing exhaust gas in a flow direction, in the channel interior substantially in the flow direction extending electrode for generating a corona discharge in the flow channel and a Electrode feed to feed the electrode with electrical energy, at least one sensor for detecting an applied High voltage and / or an impressed corona current and a signal generator for generating a signal based on or based on a change in the applied high voltage and / or an impressed corona are provided, wherein the signal represents the particle concentration of the exhaust gas.
  • the sensor can be designed as part of the high voltage supply and / or the electrode supply.
  • the electrode feed is at least partially encased with an insulator, further comprising at least one particle repelling agent, which prevents particles of the exhaust gas from depositing on the insulator and / or the electrode.
  • the signal generator has at least one data memory with predefinable particle concentration values, which can be correlated to the signals detected by the sensor, and a processor for calculating mean values and performing comparison operations in order to use the detected signals to determine mean values and changes to calculate the mean values and, taking into account the change in the mean values, to carry out an assignment of the detected signals to the particle concentration values correlated therewith.
  • an electric field is generated in the channel interior by the electrode fed with high voltage and acting as counter electrode channel wall, wherein the field lines extend transversely to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, preferably perpendicular to the electrode.
  • an electrode feed which supplies the electrode with high voltage from an external voltage source. So that no discharge of the electrode takes place via the electrode feed, this is at least partially encased with an insulator.
  • the insulator is preferably formed of an insulating material comprising ceramics and the like.
  • the methods and / or electrostatic precipitators may be used in a heating system.
  • the corresponding heating system is characterized in that for generating energy by burning of an energy source such as biomass with a particulate matter emitting heating system such as a biomass heating system for burning the energy carrier, particulate containing exhaust gases, an inventive electrostatic precipitator is provided or the method of the invention Find application.
  • the electrostatic precipitator must be cleaned, as the spray electrode is added with particles and thus the deposition efficiency is reduced.
  • the invention makes it possible to always inform the operator about the current functional state of the electrostatic precipitator and about the instantaneous particle concentration in the exhaust gas.
  • suitable steps can be taken in good time, be it to clean the separator, to replace a damaged spray electrode or to reduce the particle concentration, for example by changing the firing conditions or the performance of the separator.
  • This ensures optimal dust separation from the flue gas of the biomass heating system.
  • the operator receives information about the optimal cleaning time or optimal control of the separator without a complex control of the separation efficiency or direct particle measurements by means of particle measurement.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows an electrostatic precipitator 1 in a cross section.
  • the electrostatic precipitator 1 is arranged in an exhaust gas line 2 (only partially shown) of an exhaust gas purification system, not shown here, and comprises: a flow channel 3.
  • the flow channel 3 is a tubular section of the exhaust gas line 2 formed and includes a channel wall 4 and a channel interior 5.
  • a particle-containing exhaust gas shown here by arrows P flows in the flow direction also shown by the arrows P.
  • an electrode 6, which is also referred to as a center electrode or corona electrode extends in the interior of the flow channel 3.
  • the flow channel 3 is preferably formed in a rotationally symmetrical about a central axis A in cross section to the flow direction P.
  • the electrode 6 extends along this central axis A.
  • the electrode 6 is fed via an electrode feed 7, which is covered with an insulator 8, which is preferably made of a ceramic. Together with the duct wall 4, the electrode 6 forms a charging unit in which particles S can be electrically charged.
  • the electrode 6 forms an electric field with the channel wall 4 while applying a high voltage, the field lines of which extend essentially radially to the electrode 6 or the channel wall 4, essentially transversely, more precisely at right angles, to the flow direction P.
  • Particles S adhere and form a particle layer (as shown), which affects the generation of the electric field or the corona discharge.
  • the larger the particle layer S the more the generation of the electric field or the corona discharge is impaired. That is, to generate a sufficient, predetermined electric field, a larger amount of energy is needed.
  • the amount of energy required to feed the electrode 6 is detected by a sensor 9.
  • the sensor 9 may detect the amount of current, the amount of voltage, and the like.
  • the illustrated electrostatic precipitator 1 has a signal generator 10, which generates one or more signals based on the change in the detected amount of energy, which represent the state of the electrostatic precipitator 1, more precisely the electrode 6, and / or the concentration of the particles S. These signals can be output via display means 11 and / or passed on to a control device for controlling the heater and / or separator operation.
  • the display means 11 may be formed for example as LEDs.
  • the high combustion temperatures (up to approx. 1200 ° C) cause an ionization of the gases (thermionic discharge).
  • the resulting positive and negative ions generate electrostatically charged particles S.
  • the particle stream reaches the spray electrode 6 of the separator 1, some of the positively charged particles deposit on it before they can be negatively charged.
  • the ionization of the air molecules at the spray electrode 6 a part is split into positive ions and electrons.
  • the particles move in the electric field corresponding to their charge to the positive or negative electrode 6.
  • positively charged particles S can arise, which can accumulate on the spray electrode 6.
  • appropriate display means 11, such as LEDs, acoustic signals, etc. can be signaled that the electrode 6 must be cleaned or replaced to an effective and optimal Operation of the separator 1 to cause or that the concentration of particles S in the particle flow is too large and appropriate steps must be taken to effect an effective and optimal operation of the separator 1.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a functional diagram of the correlation of corona current and high voltage.
  • the high voltage is plotted and on the ordinate the corona current.
  • five characteristic current / voltage characteristics S1 to S5 are entered, which are respectively detected at different times T1 to T5.
  • the stress lines S1 to S5 which differ in particular in the range of high high voltages (right on the abscissa) and high corona current (on the top of the ordinate), are entered in the diagram starting with an earliest time T1 up to a latest time T5.
  • the dashed arrow indicates the increasing degree of soiling of the electrode 6, by which the degradation is caused.
  • the characteristic increases with increasing voltage following a polynomial function.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a functional diagram of corona flow and filter efficiency or separation efficiency.
  • the abscissa shows the corona current and the ordinate the deposition efficiency.
  • the efficient range Be lies with the smallest possible corona current values, in which the separation efficiency just reaches the flat plateau. This is in FIG. 3 the area Be around the point OBP (optimal operating point). From there on to the left, the deposition efficiency becomes progressively smaller. Based on this relationship, the deposition efficiency can be indicated, for example, via LEDs.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows a functional diagram of the correlation of corona current IC and particle concentration CP over time.
  • the time is plotted on the abscissa and on the ordinate of the coronastrom or the particle concentration.
  • the upper of the two functional lines identifies the particle concentration CP and the lower functional line indicates the corona current IC.
  • the two functional lines run essentially parallel to one another over the measured time, so that a direct correlation between corona current and particle concentration can be assumed. This correlation effect is used to deduce the particle concentration from the measurement of the corona current.
  • the degradation occurring is used to detect a particle concentration, in particular a no longer tolerable particle concentration, so that appropriate steps can be taken early on.
  • the measurement of the energy is used to detect contamination, in particular a no longer tolerable contamination of the electrode, so that appropriate steps can be taken early on.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de détermination d'une concentration en particules dans un flux de particules d'un séparateur électrostatique (1) fonctionnant à l'énergie électrique et comportant au moins deux électrodes (4, 6) destinées à séparer des particules de gaz d'échappement au voisinage des électrodes (4, 6), comprenant les étapes consistant à : appliquer un courant corona aux électrodes du séparateur (1) pour générer une décharge corona avec une haute tension prédéterminée, consommer au moins une partie du courant corona pour charger les particules de gaz d'échappement et détecter la haute tension appliquée et le courant corona à au moins deux instants de la période de fonctionnement,
    caractérisé par les étapes consistant à : déterminer une variation du courant corona appliqué et générer sur la base de la variation déterminée un signal qui représente la concentration en particules dans le flux de particules du séparateur électrostatique (1).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'étape de détermination d'une variation du courant corona appliqué comprend l'étape consistant à : déterminer au moins une valeur moyenne de la variation au cours de ladite période de temps.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que l'étape de détermination d'au moins une valeur moyenne comprend les étapes consistant à : déterminer plusieurs valeurs moyennes de la variation au cours d'une période de temps et déterminer la variation des valeurs moyennes au cours de ladite période de temps.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de détermination d'une variation comprend les étapes consistant à : associer les valeurs détectées à des valeurs prédéterminées de la concentration en particules en tenant compte de la variation des valeurs moyennes et, si les valeurs moyennes dépassent une valeur limite, effectuer à nouveau une association des valeurs détectées à des valeurs prédéterminées de la concentration en particules.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de génération d'un signal comprend les étapes consistant à : détecter une valeur initiale de la haute tension appliquée et/ou du courant corona appliqué dans un état initial de l'électrode (6), détecter une valeur réelle fournie de la haute tension appliquée et/ou du courant corona appliqué, détecter une valeur maximale pouvant être fournie de la haute tension appliquée et/ou du courant corona appliqué, comparer la valeur réelle fournie à la valeur de sortie fournie et/ou à la valeur maximale pouvant être fournie et calculer un signal qui représente le rendement du séparateur électrostatique (1) en tant que résultat de la comparaison.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de génération d'un signal comprend en outre les étapes consistant à : simuler un fonctionnement du séparateur électrostatique (1) et générer un signal sur la base du fonctionnement simulé.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'étape de génération d'un signal comprend la reproduction, la retransmission et/ou le post-traitement du signal généré.
  8. Séparateur électrostatique (1), en particulier pour une conduite d'échappement (2) d'un système d'épuration des gaz d'échappement,
    caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens qui sont conçus pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.
  9. Séparateur électrostatique (1) selon la revendication 8,
    comportant un canal d'écoulement (3) muni d'une paroi de canal (4) et d'un intérieur de canal (5) dans lequel un gaz d'échappement (P) contenant des particules circule dans une direction d'écoulement, une électrode (6) s'étendant à l'intérieur du canal (5) sensiblement dans la direction d'écoulement (P) pour générer une décharge corona dans le canal d'écoulement (3) et un conducteur d'électrode (7) pour alimenter l'électrode (6) en énergie électrique, dans lequel il est prévu au moins un capteur (9) destiné à détecter une haute tension appliquée et un courant corona appliqué et un générateur de signal (10) destiné à générer, sur la base d'une variation du courant corona appliqué, un signal qui représente la concentration en particules du gaz d'échappement (P).
  10. Séparateur électrostatique (1) selon la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé en ce que le conducteur d'électrode (7) est au moins partiellement gainé avec un isolant (8), dans lequel il est en outre prévu au moins un moyen d'extraction de particules qui empêche les particules du gaz d'échappement (P) de se déposer sur l'isolant (8) et/ou l'électrode.
  11. Séparateur électrostatique (1) selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que le générateur de signal (10) comporte au moins une mémoire de données qui contient des valeurs de concentration en particules pouvant être prédéterminées, lesquelles peuvent être corrélées aux signaux détectés par le capteur (9), et un processeur servant à calculer des valeurs moyennes et à effectuer une opération de comparaison afin de calculer, sur la base des signaux détectés, les valeurs moyennes et les variations des valeurs moyennes et d'effectuer une association des signaux détectés aux valeurs de concentration en particules corrélées avec ceux-ci en tenant compte de la variation des valeurs moyennes.
EP08019885.6A 2007-11-24 2008-11-14 Séparateur électrostatique et procédé Active EP2062648B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710056704 DE102007056704B3 (de) 2007-11-24 2007-11-24 Elektrostatischer Abscheider und Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Zustandes eines mit elektrischer Energie betriebenen elektrostatischen Abscheiders
DE200810010371 DE102008010371A1 (de) 2007-11-24 2008-02-21 Elektrostatischer Abscheider und Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Partikelkonzentration eines durch einen elektrostatischen Abscheider strömenden Abgases

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EP2062648A2 EP2062648A2 (fr) 2009-05-27
EP2062648A3 EP2062648A3 (fr) 2013-05-29
EP2062648B1 true EP2062648B1 (fr) 2019-06-19

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WO2012162004A1 (fr) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Carrier Corporation Surveillance du courant dans un système de filtration d'air électriquement amélioré

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD207339A1 (de) 1982-05-21 1984-02-29 Karl Richter Regeleinrichtung fuer einen gleichspannungs-hochspannungserzeuger zur speisung elektrostatischer abscheider
CH695113A5 (de) 2000-10-02 2005-12-15 Empa Vorrichtung zur Rauchgasreinigung an Kleinfeuerungen.
CN102151612A (zh) * 2002-06-21 2011-08-17 德塞拉股份有限公司 控制流体流动的静电流体加速器和方法
WO2006000114A1 (fr) 2004-06-29 2006-01-05 Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Empa Procede et unite de commande pour reguler une tension de service et pour controler l'usure d'un dispositif pour la separation electrostatique des particules dans des flux gazeux
WO2007051239A1 (fr) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-10 Indigo Technologies Group Pty Ltd Systeme de commande d'energisation de precipitateur
JP4665839B2 (ja) * 2006-06-08 2011-04-06 パナソニック電工株式会社 静電霧化装置
EP1872858A3 (fr) * 2006-06-29 2011-05-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'optimisation d'un filtre électrostatique multi-zones

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