EP2034104B1 - Décharge d'urgence destinée au drainage d'une surface - Google Patents

Décharge d'urgence destinée au drainage d'une surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2034104B1
EP2034104B1 EP20080015533 EP08015533A EP2034104B1 EP 2034104 B1 EP2034104 B1 EP 2034104B1 EP 20080015533 EP20080015533 EP 20080015533 EP 08015533 A EP08015533 A EP 08015533A EP 2034104 B1 EP2034104 B1 EP 2034104B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weir
drain according
emergency drain
emergency
discharge opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20080015533
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2034104A3 (fr
EP2034104A2 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl. Ing. Vahlbrauk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VAHLBRAUK, WOLFGANG, DIPL. ING.
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2034104A2 publication Critical patent/EP2034104A2/fr
Publication of EP2034104A3 publication Critical patent/EP2034104A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2034104B1 publication Critical patent/EP2034104B1/fr
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • E04D2013/0422Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies for draining water above the roof level, e.g. gullies with overflow ports
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • E04D2013/0427Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies with means for controlling the flow in the outlet
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6851With casing, support, protector or static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6966Static constructional installations
    • Y10T137/6969Buildings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an emergency drainage for draining a water-accumulating surface above a drain opening, with a minimum height dammed water is derivable, with a weir to hold the water up to the minimum storage height and spaced from the drain opening cover wall to prevent the suction of air into a vortex forming in the drain opening, the weir being disposed around the drain opening and the lid wall extending beyond the weir as viewed from the drain opening.
  • Emergency drains of this type are used in particular for drainage of roof areas.
  • the function of the emergency drains is to act as a supplementary system for a normal roof drainage. With the normal roof drainage the water is drained away from the watertight surface.
  • the dimensioning of the discharge system, ie in particular a drain pipe, and the number of processes for the size of a given area are determined so that certain drainage performance can be realized. If this drainage performance is no longer guaranteed, because, for example, the drain holes of the normal drainage system by dirt, leaves o. The like. Only a reduced - or in extreme cases no - Allow drainage performance, the water rises on the roof surface.
  • the emergency drains have the function of limiting the water accumulation height on a surface to be drained, by acting on a high drainage capacity when exceeding a minimum accumulation height on the surface, avoiding a further increase in the accumulation of water accumulation on the surface.
  • the emergency procedures are rarely needed, so that the risk of clogging by dirt or the like is almost impossible.
  • An emergency drain therefore requires a weir, which normally prevents the inlet of the water to the discharge opening of the emergency drain when the minimum water level on the surface to be drained is undershot.
  • the weir can be formed by the fact that the drain pipe protrudes beyond the level of the surface to be drained by the minimum storage height.
  • a corresponding ring formed by a pipe section may also be arranged at a radial distance from the center of the drain opening.
  • the hermetically sealed space is closed by a cover wall upwards, which also includes the intake of air in a predominantlywirbel during the pressure flow, but also during prevents a previous gravity flow.
  • the weir can be located inside or outside of the housing and in particular also be formed by the upwardly extended drain pipe, wherein a funnel-shaped extension of the drain pipe is described for the formation of the weir.
  • the weirs usually consist of pipe sections with a relatively thin wall, over the upper edge of which flows over the minimum storage height accumulated water.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve an emergency drain of the type mentioned in terms of its drainage performance and noise.
  • an emergency drain of the type mentioned above is characterized in that the weir has a cross-section which is provided on the resting on the surface bottom of the weir in the flow direction with a substantially larger width than at the highest point of the weir overflowed by the water ,
  • the training of the weir for the known emergency procedures has not been attributed significant importance.
  • the weir is overflowed in the application of the emergency drain from the water to be discharged.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that the weir substantially influences the flow of the water flowing out through the drain opening and that the flow of the outflowing water can be improved with regard to drainage performance and noise development through a design of the weir which is more favorable in terms of flow.
  • this is done by the water being guided on the side flowing to the weir and / or on the outflowing side, so that the weir does not form an inflow obstacle on the inflowed side, at which vortices arise or the weir on the downstream side an uncontrolled Fall of the weir overflowing water over the full height of the weir caused.
  • the width of the weir on the ground is much larger than at the highest point of the weir.
  • a guidance of the water to the height of the weir and / or from the height of the weir to the ground level is effected on the inflow side or on the outflow side or preferably both on the inflow side and on the outflow side.
  • the flanks of the weir thus formed are formed continuously rising or falling.
  • the effect of the invention is also - albeit in somewhat attenuated form - achieved when the flanks have stepped height differences.
  • An improvement over the prior art already sets in when only the inflow side or only the downstream side is formed as the water leading edge, while the other edge forms a steep wall in a conventional manner.
  • both flanks are provided with gradual height transitions and both contribute to the greater width of the weir on the ground.
  • the drain opening is formed by an opening opening of a drain pipe present in the area, so that the diameter of the drain pipe and the drain opening coincide.
  • a much greater width at the bottom of the weir is when the width of the weir is 90% of the maximum height of the weir, measured from the ground, less than half the width of the weir on the ground.
  • the weir at half height has a width of less than 80% of the width at the bottom.
  • the weir is provided in the flow direction with a triangular cross-section.
  • the weir preferably has a flat rising flank and a flat sloping flank.
  • the weir in the flow direction is preferably formed with a symmetrical cross-section.
  • the weir in the flow direction has an asymmetrical cross-section with an upstream flank and a downstream flank, wherein the two flanks have an unequal length and average slope.
  • the flanks in cross section can be rectilinear, but also curved.
  • the upstream flank has a lower average slope than the downstream flank.
  • the weir and the drain opening radially to the center of the drain opening extending Strömungsleitstege. These can extend over the entire height between the bottom and top wall. Their essential function is to prevent the formation of a spinning vortex under the cover wall.
  • the weir can be seen circular in plan view.
  • the weir in plan view is formed as a uniform polygon, wherein the Strömungsleitstege extend in the direction of the corners.
  • Particularly preferred is the formation of the weir in plan view as a uniform hexagon.
  • the height of the weir extends to over half the distance, more preferably over 2/3 of the distance, between the surface to be drained and the top wall.
  • cover wall is formed as a flat disc.
  • the reference to the "bottom" of the weir in the present application means a reference to the lower portion of the weir which rests on the surface to be drained.
  • the weir must have no real ground, but may be formed for example by a pressed piece of sheet metal, which forms a closed ring.
  • the determination of the weir it is useful if it has a responsive as a "bottom flange, with which it can be screwed for example on the surface to be drained.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a building wall 1 and a roof structure 2 of a flat roof of the building.
  • the top of the flat roof forms the area to be drained F.
  • the roof is dewatered in the usual way with (not shown) water drains. If, due to heavy rainfall or clogging of the regular water drains, a minimum water level H is exceeded, the function of an emergency draining device 3, as used in US Pat FIG. 1 is shown schematically.
  • a drain pipe 4 which is passed in the illustrated embodiment by elbows in the vicinity of the outer wall 1, there led to a certain discharge height through the outer wall through an outlet 5 on the outside of the outer wall.
  • An emergency drain device 3 should not lead the water in the usual way in the sewer system, because a main case of emergency drainage equipment 3 heavy rainfall, through which the sewerage may already be overloaded, so that a derivative irrespective of the possibly overloaded sewer from the drained Surface F should be possible. Therefore, water is usually discharged freely from an emergency drain device 3 on the outside of an outer wall 1.
  • the drainage pipe 4 forms with its mouth opening in the surface F a drain opening 6.
  • a drain opening 6 To the drain opening 6 around and with a significant distance which is greater than the diameter of the drain opening 6, there is a ring in the drain opening 6 arranged around weir 7, the in the FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment has a triangular cross-section.
  • Extending radially outwardly beyond the drain opening and beyond the annular weir 7 is a cover plate 8, which in the illustrated embodiment is designed as a flat plate.
  • the cover plate 8 is arranged with spacers 9 at a defined distance A.
  • the distance A is slightly larger than the height of the weir 7, which corresponds to the minimum impact height H.
  • the minimum impact height H is more than half, preferably more than 2/3 of the distance A between the surface F and the underside of the top wall 8.
  • FIG. 1 It is off FIG. 1 It can be seen that the water accumulated on the surface F above the minimum accumulation height H has to flow radially inwards from below the cover plate 8 and over the weir 7 from a central axis 10 of the discharge opening 6 in order to reach the discharge opening 6. Since the distance of the annular weir 7 is selected to be large from the central axis 10 and at least twice the radius of the drain opening 6, the required large flow rate through the remaining space between the weir 7 and the bottom of the cover plate 8 is discharged, but in a greatly calmed down form.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the emergency procedure in a detailed presentation.
  • the weir 7 in plan view has the shape of a regular hexagon and that in the corners of the hexagon projecting radially on the cover plate 8 Strömungsleitstege 11 are mounted extending from the edge of the drain opening 6 in the corners of the weir 7 ,
  • the weir 7 has a triangular cross section with an upstream flank 12 and a downstream flank 13.
  • the downstream edge 13 merges into a radially inwardly extending to the drain opening 6 flange 14, which can be addressed as a "floor” and used to attach the weir 7 on the surface F by means of bolts 15.
  • the relative attachment of the cover wall 8 relative to the flange 14 takes place with further spacing bolts 9 '. with which the cover wall 8, as well as with the spacer pin 9 relative to the surface F and relative to the flange 14 in a defined height can be fixed.
  • the top wall 8 is adapted in shape to the shape of the weir 7 and extends with a uniform projection 16 radially outward over the outer edge of the weir 7. Die Thomasdar somehow der FIG. 2 indicates that the weir 7 itself is open at the bottom, so is not completed with a "bottom" down. The sealing of the weir 7 relative to the surface F therefore takes place on the underside of the upstream edge 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows further embodiments, which are also conceivable and advantageous as a cross-sectional shape for the weir 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows three cross-sectional shapes Q1, Q2, Q3, which are overflowed in the flow direction S of the upcoming water.
  • the cross-sectional shape in FIG. 4a represents a semicircle.
  • the weir 7 can therefore be made in a simple manner as a half pipe.
  • the cross-sectional shapes according to FIGS. 4b and 4c are asymmetrical cross-sectional shapes, with the cross-section Q2 having a longer upstream flank 12 'and a shorter - and therefore steeper - downstream flank 13'.
  • the two flanks are substantially rectilinear and merge at the highest point of the cross-sectional shape Q2 by a rounded transition piece 17 into each other.
  • the cross-sectional shape Q3 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape Q2, but mirror-inverted, wherein the upstream edge 12 "is shorter and has a greater average slope than the downstream edge 13".
  • the two substantially planar flanks 12 ", 13" merge into one another by a rounded transition piece 17 at the highest point of the weir 7.
  • the cross-sectional shapes shown so far contain a continuous width reduction of the cross-section with increasing height starting from the surface F. This corresponds to the preferred embodiments.
  • the present invention does not exclude that, in particular on the downstream flank 13, an undercut 13a is provided, through which a projecting lug 13b is formed on the downstream flank.
  • Such an embodiment, which is a modification of the cross-sectional shape FIG. 4b results in is FIG. 4d shown.
  • the illustrated cross-sectional shapes are to be understood as examples only. Other cross-sectional shapes can be found within the scope of the present invention for the skilled person readily.
  • the flanks 12, 13, 12 ', 13', 12 ", 13" need not be formed continuously, but may each have a plurality of steps, with which the height difference from the surface F to the highest point of the weir 7 is overcome.
  • the sloping edge can also be formed as a vertical wall or even completely missing.
  • the weir consists only of a metal sheet for the inclined rising edge 12, which may be formed, for example, as a ring plate.
  • the cross section of the weir is, for example, triangular, with the sloping wall being omitted. By omitting the wall fluidly no relevant difference arises.
  • the emergency drain is formed symmetrically around the drain opening 6, installation positions are conceivable in which an asymmetrical design with respect to the central axis 10 of the drain opening 6 both with respect to the weir 7 and with respect to the cover plate 8 is possible and useful appear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Barrages (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Evacuation de trop-plein pour évacuer l'eau d'une surface (F) à retenue d'eau, au dessus d'une ouverture d'évacuation (6) raccordée à un tuyau d'évacuation (4), avec laquelle l'eau retenue peut être évacuée au dessus d'une hauteur minimale de retenue (H), avec un déversoir (7) pour la retenue de l'eau jusqu'à la hauteur minimale de retenue d'eau (H) et avec une paroi de couverture (8) présentant un écart avec l'ouverture d'évacuation (6) pour empêcher l'aspiration d'air dans un tourbillon se formant dans l'ouverture d'évacuation (6), dans laquelle le déversoir (7) est agencée autour de l'ouverture d'évacuation (6) et la paroi de couverture (8) s'étend vue de l'extérieur depuis l'ouverture d'évacuation (6) jusqu'au delà du déversoir (7), caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente une section qui est pourvue, au niveau du plancher du déversoir (7) reposant sur la surface (F), d'une largeur sensiblement plus grande dans la direction d'écoulement (S) qu'au niveau du plus haut point submergeable par l'eau.
  2. Evacuation de-trop plein selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente dans la direction d'écoulement (S) une section triangulaire.
  3. Evacuation de trop-plein selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente dans la direction d'écoulement (S) une section en demi-cercle.
  4. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente dans la direction d'écoulement (S) une section symétrique.
  5. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente dans la direction d'écoulement (S) une section asymétrique avec un flanc (12) disposé du côté amont et un flanc (13) disposé du côté aval, dans laquelle les deux flancs (12, 13) présentent une longueur et une pente moyenne différentes.
  6. Evacuation de-trop plein selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le flanc amont (12) présente une pente moyenne réduite.
  7. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente un flanc (12) disposé du côté amont et un flanc (13) disposé du côté aval, qui sont formés de façon rectiligne sur l'ensemble de leur longueur.
  8. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) présente un flanc (12) disposé du côté amont et un flanc (13) disposé du côté aval et en ce que les flancs (12, 13) sont rectilignes sur une partie de leur longueur et se confondent l'un avec l'autre au point le plus haut en une partie intermédiaire (17) arrondie.
  9. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que des guides d'écoulement (11) disposés de façon radiale par rapport à une ligne médiane (10) de l'ouverture d'évacuation (6) sont prévus entre le déversoir (7) et l'ouverture d'évacuation (6).
  10. Evacuation de trop-plein selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les guides d'écoulements (11) s'étendent jusqu'à la paroi de couverture (8).
  11. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) est réalisé de façon circulaire en vue de dessus.
  12. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) est réalisé en vue de dessus selon une forme de polygone régulier et en ce que les guides d'écoulement (11) s'étendent en direction des angles.
  13. Evacuation de trop-plein selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le déversoir (7) est réalisée en vue de dessus selon une forme d'hexagone régulier.
  14. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur du déversoir (7) s'étend jusqu'au dessus de la moitié de l'écart (A) entre la surface (F) et la paroi de couverture (8).
  15. Evacuation de trop-plein selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur du déversoir (7) s'étend jusqu'aux 2/3 de l'écart (A) entre la surface (F) et la paroi de couverture (8).
  16. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que la paroi de couverture (8) est réalisée sous la forme d'une plaque lisse.
  17. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce que la paroi de couverture (8) présente en vue de dessus la forme du déversoir (7) et de cette façon surplombe le déversoir (7) vers l'extérieur sur une longueur uniforme.
  18. Evacuation de trop-plein selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est conçue en écoulement libre.
EP20080015533 2007-09-07 2008-09-03 Décharge d'urgence destinée au drainage d'une surface Active EP2034104B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710042527 DE102007042527A1 (de) 2007-09-07 2007-09-07 Notablauf zur Entwässerung einer Fläche

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2034104A2 EP2034104A2 (fr) 2009-03-11
EP2034104A3 EP2034104A3 (fr) 2010-07-21
EP2034104B1 true EP2034104B1 (fr) 2011-12-21

Family

ID=40090705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080015533 Active EP2034104B1 (fr) 2007-09-07 2008-09-03 Décharge d'urgence destinée au drainage d'une surface

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090065071A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2034104B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101413327A (fr)
AT (1) ATE538270T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007042527A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2008136047A (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102587597B (zh) * 2012-03-30 2014-07-09 重庆大学 基于低影响开发思想的建筑平屋顶雨水立管安装结构及安装方法
US20150017907A1 (en) * 2013-05-22 2015-01-15 Excellent Holding Aps Cooling roof construction
CN108597022A (zh) * 2018-05-08 2018-09-28 河海大学 一种估算中小流域内河道宽度的方法

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US2121220A (en) * 1936-12-18 1938-06-21 Paul Dickinson Inc Roof drain
US3321080A (en) * 1963-10-14 1967-05-23 Andrew L Pansini Leaf receiver for swimming pools
US3357561A (en) * 1965-10-15 1967-12-12 Zurn Ind Inc Roof drain
US3469698A (en) * 1967-04-05 1969-09-30 Josam Mfg Co Controlled flow drain
DE1806527C3 (de) * 1968-11-02 1978-12-21 Josam Manufacturing Co., Michigan City, Ind. (V.St.A.) Flachdachablauf
US3909412A (en) * 1974-07-22 1975-09-30 Johns Manville Roof drain arrangement
DE8507736U1 (de) * 1985-03-15 1986-07-17 Hollwich, Anton, 8132 Tutzing Dachgulli-Einbauteil
GB9302475D0 (en) * 1993-02-09 1993-03-24 Harmer Holdings Ltd High flow drains
DE9416495U1 (de) * 1993-12-01 1994-12-01 Geberit Technik Ag Dachwassereinlauf
US5724777A (en) * 1995-11-17 1998-03-10 Hubbard; Richard M. Roof drain arrangement and method
US5735091A (en) * 1996-03-19 1998-04-07 National Roofing Supply, A Div. Of A.C.T. Marketing Inc. Roof drain
CH691320A5 (de) * 1996-10-09 2001-06-29 Werner Nill Vorrichtung zum Einstellen der Abflussmenge und der Einstauhöhe des Regenwassers von Dächern und anderen Flächen.
DE19912012C2 (de) 1999-03-17 2003-02-06 Wolfgang Vahlbrauk Notablaufvorrichtung
DE10057197B4 (de) * 2000-11-17 2004-09-30 Sita-Bauelemente Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung von Flachdächern, Balkonen, Terrassen oder anderer Flachbauten
US20020108315A1 (en) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-15 Bridgestone/Firestone, Inc Vented roofing anchor plate
USD466199S1 (en) * 2001-11-02 2002-11-26 World Wide Sports, L.L.C. Anti-vortex safety cover for a drain
US6953208B2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2005-10-11 Zurn Industries, Inc. Drain support plate/under-deck clamp
US20030141231A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-07-31 Rattenbury John M. Baffle insert for drains
US7614198B1 (en) * 2004-04-29 2009-11-10 Piskula James S Method for providing existing building flat roof with drain restrictors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2008136047A (ru) 2010-03-10
US20090065071A1 (en) 2009-03-12
EP2034104A3 (fr) 2010-07-21
ATE538270T1 (de) 2012-01-15
EP2034104A2 (fr) 2009-03-11
DE102007042527A1 (de) 2009-03-26
CN101413327A (zh) 2009-04-22

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