US20020108315A1

US20020108315A1 - Vented roofing anchor plate

Info

Publication number: US20020108315A1
Application number: US09/783,152
Authority: US
Inventors: William Wasitis; Daniel Barksdale
Original assignee: Bridgestone Firestone Inc
Current assignee: Firestone Diversified Products LLC
Priority date: 2001-02-14
Filing date: 2001-02-14
Publication date: 2002-08-15
Also published as: CA2371619A1

Abstract

A roofing anchor plate secures a waterproof membrane to a surface of a roof structure. The roofing anchor plate includes a circumferential channel and radial channels. Air trapped between the anchor plate and a sealing tape is directed along the channels to vent holes positioned at inner ends of the radial channels. The trapped air passes through the vent holes into a cavity formed under the anchor plate between the plate and the waterproof membrane. The elimination of trapped air improves the strength and effectiveness of the seal.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention pertains to a holddown device, and more particularly, an apparatus for securing a sealing material to a support structure, particularly a flexible membrane to a roof. The invention relates to a roofing anchor plate or v-plate and method of sealing the same that allows trapped air to escape from over or around the plate when a seal is applied over the plate.

Roofing surfaces can be covered with flexible waterproof membranes to protect against water penetration into a roof structure. These membranes are usually made from a synthetic, flexible material and are often supplied in sheet form in large rolls.

Such membranes must be securely anchored to the roof to prevent displacement of the membrane by uplift forces caused by wind. During wind gusts, for example, the wind pulls the membrane away from the roof. This uplift force can be quite substantial depending on wind velocity. To counter this effect and to prevent the membrane from being pulled off the roof, various types of fastening arrangements have been developed.

A common manner and method used to counter the effect of wind and immobilize the membrane is to secure the membrane with anchor plates. The plates are fastened to the roof via fasteners, e.g. screws or nails, that pass through the plates and an enlarged head portion of the fastener secures the plate to the roof structure. Anchor plates are generally manufactured from stamped metal or molded plastic and are usually circular or disc shaped, but can also be oblong.

Once a membrane is spread across a roof structure, anchor plates are placed on top of the membrane and secured to the roof with fasteners that pass through center openings in the plates and through the membrane. In this manner, the membrane is less likely to be displaced by uplift forces. However, the nails or screws passing through the membrane create potential avenues for water to penetrate the roof structure.

When using anchor plates, therefore, an impermeable sealing tape or adhesive is often applied to cover an upper surface or top of the plate and the immediately surrounding membrane to prevent water from entering the roof structure through the pierced membrane.

When tape or a liquid adhesive is placed over the anchor plate, many presently available plate designs can result in air being trapped around the perimeter of the plate, over the top of the plate, or in both areas. This air entrapment is especially problematic when tape products are used. Since plates have a shape necessary for strength and because they generally protrude above the membrane surface, the tape comes in contact with the top surface of the plate before the membrane in that immediate area. The tape products used for sealing, however, have a release backing that is much stiffer than the tape itself to assist in handling and to keep the tape from sticking to itself when in a roll form. This backing material renders the tape less flexible and can cause the tape to bridge across the plate and engage the membrane surface at a location spaced beyond the plate periphery during application. This condition causes air to be trapped between the tape and the plate/membrane in the vicinity of the bridge. When the release backing is pulled from the tape, the tape tends to lift up where it is not in contact due to the air trapped between the tape and plate/membrane surfaces. When the tape seam is subsequently rolled to create intimate contact with the membrane and plate, the air is trapped. This trapped air represents an unsealed area that contributes to a weaker seam and one with the potential for leaking over time.

Another problem with many presently available anchor plates is the inclusion of a protrusion on an underside of the plate. The protrusion contacts the membrane during installation and causes the membrane to wrinkle around the plate and the edge of the seam. The protrusion also prevents the anchoring plate from being installed on hard surfaces. The protrusion contacts the hard surface and prevents a stable, planar interface therewith. The protrusion requires a second plate that matingly receives the protrusion on one surface and is substantially planar on an opposite surface to lay flat on the hard surface.

Thus, a need exists for an anchor plate that has a low profile, and reduces the potential for lower seam strength and leaking caused by trapped air. Such an anchor plate preferably would minimize the bridging effect and provide an avenue for trapped air to escape when sealing tape is applied over the plate. Moreover, any improved in-seam anchor plate preferably will not wrinkle the membrane and can be used on a wide variety of surfaces.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A new and improved in-seam anchor plate is provided that minimizes the amount of air trapped when a sealing tape is applied over the plate and surrounding membrane.

In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, an in-seam anchor plate is equipped with plural radial channels and associated vent holes or openings to help trapped air escape from over or around the plate. The plate has an opening in the center that receives a fastener to secure the plate to an underlying roof. When placed on a roof surface, a top surface of the plate tapers from an elevated central region to a reduced height along an outer circumference of the plate. At the end of the taper, a planar edge of the plate extends outwardly. A small radius is formed at the end of the taper to define a circumferential channel around the periphery of the plate.

The anchor plate provides a cavity between a lower surface of the plate and the membrane. The plural radial channels are circumferentially spaced about the anchor plate and extend from the planar edge of the plate to the elevated central region. The plural vent holes are situated at an inner end of the channels. At a wide end of the radial channel there is a round, raised protrusion that prohibits the tape from falling into the channel and thereby sealing it off, thus preventing air removal.

The plate has a low profile with a planar bottom surface and a gradual taper to reduce bridging and provide a large surface area for the tape to adhere to.

When a sealing tape is placed over the anchor plate and subsequently rolled, the circumferential channel, the raised protrusions, the radial channels, and holes at the inner ends of the channels guide any trapped air to the cavity under the plate, thereby allowing the tape to completely contact the mating membrane surface and the plate. The radial channels are preferably four in number, spaced about 90° apart on the plate. The raised protrusion coupled with the minimal channel width prevents a sealing tape from filling the channel and thereby preventing the trapped air from being directed to the vent hole. The vent hole located at the end of each radial channel is preferably angled and elongated to prevent a primer used to mate the tape to the anchor plate from clogging the vent holes.

An advantage of the present invention is the provision of raised protrusions, radial channels, and vent holes to minimize the bridging effect and adverse effect of trapped air when a sealing tape is placed over the anchor plate.

Another advantage of the present invention is the provision of a circumferential channel to guide trapped air into the radial channels and through the vent holes into the cavity defined under the plate.

Still another advantage of the present invention is the provision of a low profile with a gradual taper to help reduce bridging and provide for a large surface area for the tape to contact as the sealing tape is installed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following is a brief description of the drawings which are presented for the purposes of illustrating the invention and not for purposes of limiting the same. [0018]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a roof anchor plate in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [0019]
FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a roof anchor plate in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [0020]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along the lines [0021] 3-3 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken generally along the lines [0022] 4-4 of FIG. 1 .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to FIGS. 14, a [0023] roofing anchor plate 10 has a first or top surface 12 and a second or bottom surface 14 for securing a waterproof membrane 16 to a roof 18. The anchor plate of the present invention is generally circular in shape but may be rectangular, oblong or other suitable conformation and is typically manufactured of metal, such as stamped steel, or high quality plastic. A circular center region 20 of the plate includes an aperture 22 through which a fastener such as a screw, rivet or nail (not shown) secures the plate 10 to the roof 18. The size of the fastener is chosen such that an enlarged head of the fastener engages around the aperture 22, effectively securing the plate to the roof. Radially outward from the center region 20, the plate slopes upwardly via a wall 24 to a raised, elevated annular region 26. The plate then preferably slopes downwardly along a gradual taper 28 to a planar edge 30 extending slightly outward and about a perimeter of the plate. The wall 24 and the taper preferably defining an included angle of less than 180 degrees. As best shown in FIG. 4, at the juncture of the taper 28 and planar edge 30, a small radius 32 forms a circumferential channel 34 along an inner periphery of the planar edge 30.
A plurality of [0024] radial channels 40 extend from the edge 30 of the plate to the elevated annular region 26 and are preferably spaced evenly about the circumference of the plate. The channels preferably vary in width along their radial extent, having a diverging conformation as the channels extend radially outward from the elevated annular region 26. As evident in FIG. 3, base portions of the radial channels 40 are disposed in the same plane as the planar edge 30 and the central region 20 so that the bottom surface of the anchor plate has a substantially planar conformation. A steeply angled wall 44 defines an inner end of the radial channels and interconnects with the wall 24 at the raised region 26. A vent hole 42 is positioned at the end of each radial channel 40 in the angled wall 44. The vent hole allows each channel to communicate with a cavity 50 formed in an undersurface of the anchor plate, details of which are described below. The upper surface of the remainder of the anchor plate exhibits a low profile as a result of the gradual taper at regions circumferentially disposed between the radial channels.
When placed on a [0025] roof 18 over a membrane 16, the cavity 50 between the bottom surface 14 of the plate and the top of the membrane 16 serves as a reservoir where trapped air can be directed. As is known in the art, since the fastener pierces the membrane 16, a primer is applied to the top surface of the fastener, the anchor plate 12 and the membrane 16 surrounding the anchor plate 10 to adhere a sealing tape which is applied over these surfaces to prevent water ingress into the roof assembly. The orientation and shape of the vent holes in the angled wall prevents the liquid primer from inadvertently obstructing the vent holes when a sealing tape is applied. A roller is subsequently used to intimately bond the sealing tape to the surfaces that the tape contacts. As noted above, in prior arrangements this resulted in air trapped beneath the tape and prevented a strong bond from forming between the tape and the contact surface (membrane or anchor plate). The gradual slope of the taper 28 minimizes the amount of bridging that the sealing tape experiences between the membrane 16 and the anchor plate 10. Accordingly, the amount of air trapped under the sealing tape is significantly reduced. When the sealing tape is rolled to enhance the adherence between the sealing tape and the contact surfaces, the remaining trapped air is directed either into the radial channels 40, or along the circumferential channel 34 and then into one of the radial channels 40. Once in a radial channel 40, the trapped air passes through the associated vent hole 42 and into the cavity 50 under the plate. The plate is manufactured such that the cavity 50 is large enough to accommodate all the trapped air. The air is then held in the cavity between the plate and the membrane and has little or no adverse effect on the sealing properties of the anchor plate. The elimination of the trapped air from around the top of the plate and along its perimeter improves the adhesion and the leak protection provided by the sealing tape positioned over the plate and the seam. The raised protrusions 36 are positioned to keep the tape from entering the channel opening.
The [0026] radial channels 40 in the plate are designed such that their width is minimized to prevent the tape from entering them and sealing the channels 40 which could prevent the channels 40 from funneling trapped air to the vent holes 42. Similarly, the vent holes 42 are positioned at an angle at a point where the radial channels 40 slope up toward the annular high point 26 to diminish the chance that they will be clogged by any applied primer.
The [0027] radial channels 40 in the plate also impart a greater stiffness to the plate than that of previous plates without channels. This stiffness allows the plate to better resist the effects of wind uplift. In addition, greater holding pressure is applied on the membrane by this plate due to the force that the planar bottom surface of the channels applies to the membrane. Previous plates without channels only contacted the membrane along an outer edge. The channels of the present invention provide a greater surface area engaging the membrane, resulting in a more secure attachment. In the preferred embodiment, the plate has a diameter of about 2.25″ (5.72 cm) and a maximum height of about 0.12″ (0.30 cm) to 0.15″ (0.38 cm), although other dimensions and configurations may used.
The invention has been described with reference to an illustrative embodiment. Modifications and alterations will occur to others upon reading the preceding detailed description. It is intended that the invention be construed as including all such alterations and modifications insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof. [0028]

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A roofing anchor plate for securing a membrane to a roof structure, the anchor plate comprising:

a central area;

a taper extending from the central area toward a periphery of the anchor plate;

a substantially planar edge;

a radial channel extending from the central area to the planar edge; and

a vent hole extending though the anchor plate and positioned at an end of the radial channel adjacent the central area for directing trapped air from one surface of the anchor plate to another surface of the anchor plate.

2. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 further comprising additional radial channels and additional vent holes wherein the number of vent holes is equal to the number of radial channels such that each radial channel has one vent hole positioned at an end of the radial channel adjacent the central area.

3. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the vent holes are positioned at an angle relative to a radial extent of the channel.

4. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein a bottom surface of the channel is disposed in a same plane as the planar edge.

5. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the anchor plate has a substantially circular periphery.

6. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein a cavity is formed between the another surface of the plate and a membrane covering a roof when the anchor plate is secured to the roof through the membrane.

7. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the taper terminates in a radius defining a circumferential channel with the planar edge.

8. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the anchor plate is metal.

9. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the anchor plate is plastic.

10. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the plate has a diameter of about 2.25″ (5.72 cm) and a maximum height of about 0.12″ (0.30 cm) to 0.15″ (0.38 cm).

11. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 10 wherein the planar edge is disposed outwardly of and surrounds the circumferential channel.

12. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 11 wherein the planar edge is circumferentially continuous.

13. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the central area has an aperture extending therethrough for receiving an associated fastener to secure the anchor plate to a roof.

14. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 1 wherein the central area is surrounded by a sloping surface that merges into the taper, the sloping surface and taper defining an included angle of less than 180 degrees.

15. A roofing anchor plate according to claim I further comprising a raised protrusion at an opening of the channel at the planar edge.

16. A roofing anchor plate for securing a membrane to a roof surface, the anchor plate comprising:

a central area;

a taper extending from the central area toward a periphery of the anchor plate;

a substantially planar edge;

plural radial channels extending from the central area to the planar edge;

plural raised protrusions at openings of the channels adjacent the planar edge; and

plural vent holes extending though the anchor plate and positioned at an end of the radial channels adjacent the central area for directing trapped air from one surface of the anchor plate to another surface of the anchor plate.

17. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 16 wherein the vent holes are positioned at an angle at the end of the radial channels.

18. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 16 wherein bottom surfaces of the channels are disposed in a same plane as the planar edge.

19. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 16 wherein a cavity is formed between the another surface of the plate and a membrane covering a roof when the anchor plate is secured to the roof over the membrane.

20. A roofing anchor plate according to claim 16 wherein the planar edge is circumferentially continuous.