EP2636812A1 - Procédé et dispositif de drainage des eaux pluviales de toit sous la forme d'un drainage principal et d'un drainage de secours - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de drainage des eaux pluviales de toit sous la forme d'un drainage principal et d'un drainage de secours Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2636812A1
EP2636812A1 EP13001124.0A EP13001124A EP2636812A1 EP 2636812 A1 EP2636812 A1 EP 2636812A1 EP 13001124 A EP13001124 A EP 13001124A EP 2636812 A1 EP2636812 A1 EP 2636812A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
inlet opening
line piece
drainage
emergency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13001124.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Vahlbrauk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2636812A1 publication Critical patent/EP2636812A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • E04D2013/0422Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies for draining water above the roof level, e.g. gullies with overflow ports
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/04Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
    • E04D13/0404Drainage on the roof surface
    • E04D13/0409Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
    • E04D2013/0427Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies with means for controlling the flow in the outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for roof drainage in the form of a main drainage and emergency drainage, in which the main drainage takes place in a collecting channel by means of a connecting line, which is provided with an inlet opening, above which water can accumulate on a surface and directed with a collection channel Line piece is formed with a predetermined free cross-section up to a Grenzanstau struggle as Freiaptablauf.
  • the invention further relates to a device for roof drainage in the form of a main drainage and an emergency drainage, in which the main drainage is carried out with a free-drain drainage with an inlet opening in or below a surface on which the water can accumulate, and with an adjoining line piece, the is directed to the connection of the inlet opening with a collecting channel to the collecting channel, wherein the free-flowing drain and the line piece are dimensioned so that up to a certain Grenzstau often by a predetermined Grenzablauf oder a Freiaptadorablauf is guaranteed.
  • the invention relates to the discharge of water from a roof into a collection channel which is a baseline of the water sewer of a community.
  • a collection channel which is a baseline of the water sewer of a community.
  • at least one inlet opening is provided which can be connected directly to the collecting channel with a connecting line.
  • the water discharged from the roof in an intermediate container let run in and dissipate from there with a vertical line in the collection channel.
  • the intermediate container may be a collecting box, in particular in the case of a roof drain led through an attic, which is arranged on the facade of the building.
  • the water in particular of several inlet openings, can be introduced in an intermediate container functioning as a surge tank, in order to be introduced from there to the collecting channel with the free-flow drainage.
  • the dimensioning of the inlet opening and the adjoining piece of pipe is carried out so that up to a predetermined Grenzanstauière a free-flowing is ensured.
  • a gravity drain the water in the pipe section runs down due to its weight.
  • the line piece is a continuous air column, via which the pressure in the pipe section is kept at atmospheric pressure.
  • Freispiegelabnote are preferably used in inhabited buildings, because with them the quietest possible discharge of water into the collection channel is possible.
  • An alternative to gravity drainage is the pressure flow, in which the line piece connected to the inlet opening is filled with the water or a water-air mixture, so that a liquid column is formed in which pressure equalization is no longer possible.
  • the liquid column leads to a negative pressure in the inlet opening, so that with a suctioning flow considerably larger flow rates through the line piece can be realized.
  • Water drains designed for pressure flows are usually not used as normal drains for residential buildings, since the pressure flow and the suction flow on the surface to be drained can cause considerable noise.
  • the drainage of a roof or a comparable water-accumulating surface is usually carried out with at least one inlet opening with a connected vertical pipe section in such a dimensioning, a free-flow drain takes place during a normal load.
  • the dimensioning of the gravity drain is carried out according to standardized regulations such that a normally accumulating amount of water can be transported away through the gravity drain, so that excessive damming of the water on the surface to be drained, in particular roof surface, is avoided.
  • due to heavy rainfall unforeseen amounts of water are accumulated on the surface or the drainage device provided does not provide the calculated performance due to contamination, clogging or the like, measures must be taken to avoid overly large water build-up on the roof Prevent surface.
  • emergency drains and emergency overflows only become effective when the water on the surface exceeds a limit on the water intake.
  • the emergency drainage is designed for a high drainage capacity and does not discharge the water into the collecting duct, but first outside the sewage system without danger to an open space or the like. In this way it is achieved that a clogged connecting line to the collecting duct does not override the emergency drainage so that a static overload of the building is avoided due to an excessively high water level on the surface.
  • the water falls unchecked over a weir edge at the level of the water intake limit value.
  • a line is connected to a drain device, which is either very large dimensions or preferably designed to form a pressure flow. Since the emergency drain device is effective only in exceptional cases, the associated, rarely occurring noise nuisances can be tolerated.
  • a drainage system which has at least one normal drain in the form of the gravity drain and at least one emergency drain, which only becomes effective when the dammed water exceeds a weir edge in the height of the Wasseranstaugrenzwerts
  • the normal sequence is dimensioned so that a free-flowing flow is ensured until the Wasseranstaugrenzwerts. If the water level on the surface exceeds the water intake limit value, the emergency drainage becomes effective. However, this does not lead to an immediate termination of the increasing surge of water.
  • the emergency drainage is usually dimensioned so that with the emergency drainage, an increase above the Wasseranstaugrenzwert occurs, but then the increase is stopped.
  • the present invention is therefore the object of a Freiaptablauf in such a way that even with larger accumulation heights the occurrence of a pressure flow is reliably avoided.
  • a method of the type mentioned above is characterized in that to avoid full filling of the pipe section air with an air line piece through the inlet opening into the line piece is introduced and that with a local reduction of the free cross section of the inlet opening or the pipe section, the amount of water flowing through the line piece is limited even when exceeding the Grenzanstauière so that downstream of the reduction of the free cross section always results in a free-flowing.
  • the amount of water flowing into the pipe section is limited by a narrowing of the free cross section of the inlet opening and on the other hand air introduced through the inlet opening, so that a pressure equalization between the pipe section and the environment is ensured.
  • the two measures are effected by the same component, namely the air line piece by the air line piece protrudes into the inlet opening and thus reduces the free cross-section of the inlet opening.
  • the two measures are important in their combination.
  • the full filling of the pipe section below the inlet opening could be avoided by flow obstructions.
  • the inlet opening could be made smaller than the cross section of the pipe section.
  • this would lead to an air seal, which would result in a negative pressure education by the flowing water in the pipe section. This is avoided with the inventive combination of the flow restriction with the air supply via the air line piece.
  • the air is preferably introduced centrally with the air duct piece into the drain opening, so that an annular inlet opening for the water flowing into the line piece is formed. In this way, a ring flow is created along the wall of the vertical piece of pipe around a central air column. Such a flow is particularly quiet.
  • the supply of air via the air line piece is preferably carried out completely anhydrous, which also avoids disturbing water noises.
  • the invention is preferably also used when the free-drain drain as normal process connects to the collection channel, but above a Wasseranstaugrenzwert addition dammed water is derived by means of an emergency drain or emergency overflow, the derivative does not take place in the collection channel.
  • the present invention can be used with advantage.
  • a suitable for carrying out the method dewatering device of the type mentioned is characterized according to the invention, an air line piece opens through the inlet opening into the pipe section and that a local cross-sectional constriction of the inlet opening and / or the pipe section is provided for limiting the drainage capacity to a maximum of the Grenzablauf essence so that after the cross-sectional constriction, an original free line cross-section is present.
  • the air duct piece has the task of allowing a pressure equalization between the interior of the pipe section and the environment, so that no negative pressure can form within the pipe section. Therefore, the air duct piece must have an opening that is outside the possible amount of water on the surface. This can be realized in a particularly simple manner if the air duct section has an opening above a maximum possible impoundment height of the water on the surface.
  • the air duct piece may be a pipe piece whose upper end has the opening. This piece of pipe can be made straight, for example.
  • the gravity drain is preferably combined with at least one emergency drain or emergency overflow, so that an increase in water over a maximum allowable height due to the effect of the emergency drain or emergency overflow is prevented.
  • FIG. 1 schematically a building 1 is shown, which has a roof surface provided on all sides with an upstand (Attica) 2 as a surface 3. On the water-impermeable roof surface 3, water 4 can accumulate.
  • an inlet opening 5 is provided in a connecting line 6, which transports the water 4 vertically downwards and opens into a collecting channel 7, which leads to the sewerage of the competent community or is part of this sewer system.
  • an emergency drain 8 which has an inlet opening 9, which is arranged in the illustrated embodiment in the roof surface 3.
  • a drain line 10 connects, which derives water with a free mouth opening 11 to the outside, so that the water discharged through the emergency 8 water does not get directly into the collecting channel 7.
  • the inlet opening 9 is annularly surrounded by a weir 12, whose height H corresponds to a water accumulation height, up to the dammed on the roof surface 3 water 4 is not discharged through the emergency drain, but exclusively by the inlet opening 5 widening normal flow or main flow 15th
  • the accumulation height of the inlet opening 9 of the emergency drain 8 surrounding weir 12 is characterized by a lower water layer 41.
  • the damming height of the water layer 41 corresponds to the calculated damming height, for which a free-flow drain is ensured by the main drain 15 due to the dimensioning of the inlet opening 5 and the adjoining connecting line 6.
  • the emergency drain 8 is effective by the over the upper edge of the weir 12 incident water.
  • the size of the inlet opening 9 and the diameter of the drain line 10 may be dimensioned so that a full filling of the drain line takes place quickly, so that a negative pressure flow is realized by the drain line 10, with a high Abström essence for the water 4 is achieved. This ensures that the damming height of the upper water layer 42 does not exceed a critical value h max for the static of the building 1.
  • the upper water layer 42 is also above the inlet opening 5 and the connecting line 6 of the main flow 15.
  • the larger accumulation height over the inlet opening 5 lead to a significant increase in drainage through the connecting line 6, through which the connecting line is filled so that a negative pressure flow through the connecting line would result.
  • an air line piece 13 is provided according to the invention, which in the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment consists of a straight piece of pipe.
  • the air line piece protrudes with a lower end into the inlet opening 9 and an adjoining line section 14 of the connecting line 6.
  • An upper end of the air duct piece 13 protrudes beyond the water layers 41, 42 so that the inside of the air duct piece 13 communicates with the outside air above the water 4.
  • the air pipe section 13 projects concentrically into the pipe section 14 of the connecting pipe 6.
  • the outer diameter of the air line piece 13 therefore determines a cross-sectional area with which the free cross-section of the inlet opening 9 for the incoming water 4 is reduced.
  • a pressure compensation in the line section 14 of the connecting line through the interior of the air line piece 13 6 brought about, so that no negative pressure can form in the connecting line 6 below the inlet opening.
  • the annularly flowing into the pipe section 14 of the connecting line 6 water 4 is passed to the inner wall of the connecting line 6 as a ring flow around a central air column around in the collecting channel 7.
  • the reduction of the free cross section of the inlet opening 5 through the air line piece 13 prevents so much water can flow into the line section 14 of the connecting line 6 even at a larger water accumulation height through the constructed upper water layer 42 that results in a full filling of the connecting line below the inlet opening 5. Accordingly, it is ensured by the air duct section 13 even at any large accumulation heights of the water 4 above the inlet opening 5, that in the connecting line 6 a free-flow flow is maintained, as long as the air duct section 13 establishes a communicating air connection to the environment.
  • the air line piece 13 does not have to be formed as a straight piece of pipe, which represents only a particularly simple and advantageous to be realized embodiment.
  • the air line piece 13 may also be formed, for example, by a flexible piece of hose, which is guided sealed within the lower water layer 41 by the upstand 2 to communicate with the protruding end of the upstand 2 with the ambient air.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the arrangement FIG. 1 ,
  • the main drain 15 shown there consists of a vertical pipe section 16, which opens into an annular horizontal flange piece 17.
  • the pipe section 16 forms part of the pipe section 14 and is used with the flange piece 17 in the roof construction.
  • a corresponding annular upper flange piece 18 can be connected with screws 19 with the lower flange piece 17, wherein between the lower horizontal flange piece 17 and the upper flange piece 18, a roof skin 20 is clamped, so that a sealed attachment of the drain 15 results.
  • a hood 21 is attached in the form of a downwardly open pot.
  • FIG. 2 indicates that between an outer diameter d of the air pipe section 13 and an inner diameter D of the pipe section 16 (corresponding to the inner diameter of the pipe section 14 of the connecting line 6), an annular space 24 has formed, which forms the now free inlet cross section for the water 4, which is significantly smaller
  • the amount of water which can be transported away through the outlet 15 is limited to a value which determines a free-flowing outlet independently of the height of the upper water layer 42, that is to say even if it substantially exceeds this limit the height H - at least up to the maximum water height h max - the lower water layer 41, for which the drain 15 is designed, ensures.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that the main process 15 solves the task to prevent overloading of the collecting channel 7 even with a sharp increase in the accumulation height on the roof surface 3, since the effluent through the connecting line 6 amount of water is limited by the main flow 15.
  • This result is initially independent of whether the drainage system of the roof surface 3 emergency drainage is provided in any form, or Not.
  • the emergency drain 8 is shown in the form of a conventional process, with the water is discharged to the outside.
  • the gravity drain flow is a runoff flow which, at normal water level on the roof, is open flow over the circumference of the conventional main drain of diameter D with a sufficiently large air flow.
  • the additional increase of the water level on the roof from Wasseranstaugrenzwert H to the maximum height h max on the main drain 15 can lead to an unwanted closed flow with low air flow and heavy overloading of gravity flow in the main drainage.
  • FIG. 3 shows a corresponding runoff curve corresponding to a root function with degressive increase of the discharge curve for the discharge amount as a function of the height of water h on the roof.
  • the main drain 15 according to the invention with the air line piece 13 protruding into the inlet opening 5 reduces the free cross section of the inlet opening, so that when this free cross section is filled without air by the running water due to the accumulation height h, the water drainage in the form of a container outflow flow according to the container outflow equation (2 ) can be described according to Torricelli.
  • H Q 2 2 ⁇ G ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ d 2 2 4 - ⁇ ⁇ d 1 2 4 2
  • a common design of the main drain 15 is that at the main drain 15 4.5 I / s are discharged.
  • the emergency drain 8 is also designed as a free-drain, is at the emergency drain 8 a drain effective water level of 35 mm, which causes a drainage capacity of 4.5 I / s.
  • the increase from 35 mm to 70 mm water level causes an increase in the outflow from the planned 4.5 l / s (point 2a of curve II) to 6.3 l / s (point 2b of curve II).
  • the unwanted additional load is therefore only 1.8 l / s for gravity flow.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2 ,
  • the pipe section 16 goes into a collecting pot 26, which is horizontal Flange piece 17 can be attached.
  • the remaining structure corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 2 ,
  • the heights H and h increase max . This must be compensated by an enlarged diameter d of the air line piece 13.
  • the relevant here inlet opening 5 is located at the bottom of the collecting pot 26th
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows an embodiment in which the roof drainage with the help of a Attikaablaufs 15 'takes place.
  • This Attikaablauf 15 ' is located on the edge of the roof surface 3 and adjacent to an upstand 2 at. He is with a pot 27 embedded in the roof area.
  • An upper cover 28a, 28b of the pot 27 performs the screening function, which is based on the hood 21 of the sequence 15 according to FIG. 2 has been described.
  • a line section 29 connects, which is slightly inclined downwards and opens into a collection box 30 on the facade of the housing.
  • the line section 29 is used for passage through the outer wall of the building 1. It can be seen that the schematic representation of FIG. 5 is by far not to scale and to illustrate the function significantly enlarged representations of the line section 29 and the collecting tank 30 shows.
  • the bottom of the header tank 30 forms here the roof surface 3, in which the inlet opening 5 is located. Accordingly, the connecting line 6 connects to the bottom of the collecting tank 30, which conducts the draining water into the collecting channel 7. Accordingly, the air duct piece 13 is inserted in this embodiment in the inlet opening 5 of the collecting tank 30 in order to ensure a congestion-free water drainage from the collecting box 30 into the collecting channel 7.
  • the water layers 41 and 42 are shown, wherein the lower water layer 41 characterizes the accumulation height H, for the connecting line 6 and the inlet opening 5 are dimensioned to form a gravity flow.
  • the upper water layer 42 illustrates an additional accumulation height - up to h max - that without the air line piece 13 to a strong increase in the 6 derived by the connecting line amount of water - and thus to an overload of the collecting channel 7 - would result.
  • the Attikaablauf 15 is a normal accumulation height provided by the lower water layer 41. If there is a larger accumulation level here, the water runs off via the grid-shaped inclined cover 28b, which thus assumes an emergency drain function when the usual cover, in particular the horizontal piece 28a, is blocked by leaves or the like.
  • FIG. 6 shows a still schematic, but somewhat more concrete training of Attikaentskysstechnik according FIG. 5 .
  • the water derived from the roof is passed into an intermediate container.
  • the connecting line 6 thus consists of two sections 6.1 and 6.2.
  • the pipe section 13 of the connecting line 6.2 is formed from the bottom of the intermediate container 32 so that the bottom forms the surface 3 in which the inlet opening 5 is located.
  • the air line piece 13 projects upwards out of the intermediate container 32.
  • the intermediate container 32 may - as in FIG. 7 shown - already located in the bottom area below the building 1.
  • the discharge of water from the roof surface of the building 1 takes place in this exemplary embodiment with a drain 15 ", which is combined as the main drain and as an emergency draining.
  • the drain 15" serves as a gravity drain. If the water level rises on the roof surface, the upper water layer 42 is formed.
  • a line piece 33 is used, which acts as the air line piece for the water level of the lower water layer 41 and its upper orifice 23 is located in the border surge height H, at which the upper water layer 42 is formed.
  • the water from the upper water layer 42 passes through the pipe section 33 and, if necessary, provides for a full filling of the section 6.1 of the connecting line.
  • an emergency overflow 31 ' is provided, from which the water can drain from the intermediate container 32 to the outside.
  • a backwater of the water in the connecting line 6.1 over the height of the emergency overflow 31 ' thus approximately up to the level of the roof surface of the building 1, is thus reliably prevented.
  • a through the due to its emergency drain function not limiting flow 15 "greatly increased flow rate through the connecting line 6.1 are discharged, because this emptied due to the communicating properties of the system always up to the height of the emergency overflow 31.
  • the intermediate container 32 is designed as Tosbecken within the building 1.
  • the water is introduced by several processes.
  • the processes are here, as in FIG. 7 , designed as combined main and emergency procedures 15 ".
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows the function in the event that the processes 15 "act as free-standing drains In this case, forms only on the roof surface of the building 1 as well as on the bottom of the Tosbeckens 34 only one damming height, the height H1, H2 of the lower Water layer 41.
  • the water runs in a free-flowing flow in the collecting channel 7 via the connecting line 6.2, which is thus not overloaded and therefore half filled with water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
EP13001124.0A 2012-03-07 2013-03-06 Procédé et dispositif de drainage des eaux pluviales de toit sous la forme d'un drainage principal et d'un drainage de secours Withdrawn EP2636812A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201210004754 DE102012004754A1 (de) 2012-03-07 2012-03-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dachentwässerung in Form einer Hauptentwässerung und einer Notentwässerung

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EP2636812A1 true EP2636812A1 (fr) 2013-09-11

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EP13001124.0A Withdrawn EP2636812A1 (fr) 2012-03-07 2013-03-06 Procédé et dispositif de drainage des eaux pluviales de toit sous la forme d'un drainage principal et d'un drainage de secours

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DE (1) DE102012004754A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2502515B (en) * 2012-05-11 2017-10-11 The Alumasc Group Plc Roof outlet flow restrictor

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2536400B (en) * 2014-09-25 2021-05-19 Polypipe Ltd Flow restrictor
EP3666990B1 (fr) 2018-12-14 2022-09-14 Weinor GmbH & Co. KG Toiture pourvue de drainage d'urgence

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807368A (en) * 1955-03-17 1957-09-24 Margaret Czibere Anti-clogging device for roof drains
SU905402A1 (ru) * 1980-05-14 1982-02-15 Ереванский политехнический институт им.К.Маркса Воронка дл внутреннего водостока
EP0928860A1 (fr) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-14 Olympic manufacturing group Inc. Goulotte d'écoulement ventilée pour toits
DE202006003103U1 (de) * 2006-02-27 2006-04-27 B/S/T Gmbh Koch Kunststofftechnologie Notüberlauf
DE202006013874U1 (de) * 2006-09-11 2007-10-18 Sita Bauelemente Gmbh Entwässerungssystem für Flachdächer und/oder andere Flachbauten, insbesondere Notentwässerung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2121613A (en) * 1937-09-02 1938-06-21 Schultz Fritz Drainage device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807368A (en) * 1955-03-17 1957-09-24 Margaret Czibere Anti-clogging device for roof drains
SU905402A1 (ru) * 1980-05-14 1982-02-15 Ереванский политехнический институт им.К.Маркса Воронка дл внутреннего водостока
EP0928860A1 (fr) * 1998-01-09 1999-07-14 Olympic manufacturing group Inc. Goulotte d'écoulement ventilée pour toits
DE202006003103U1 (de) * 2006-02-27 2006-04-27 B/S/T Gmbh Koch Kunststofftechnologie Notüberlauf
DE202006013874U1 (de) * 2006-09-11 2007-10-18 Sita Bauelemente Gmbh Entwässerungssystem für Flachdächer und/oder andere Flachbauten, insbesondere Notentwässerung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2502515B (en) * 2012-05-11 2017-10-11 The Alumasc Group Plc Roof outlet flow restrictor

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